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THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


• 


THE 

PARLIAMENTARY 

O  R 
CONSTITUTIONAL 

Hiftory  of  England, 

From  the  earlieft  TIMES, 

T  O    T  H  E 

Refloration  of  King  CHARLES  II. 

COLLECTED 

From  the  RECORDS,  the  ROLLS  of  Parliament,  the  JOURNALS 
of  both  Houfes,  the  Public  LIBRARIES,  Orignial  MANU- 
SCRIPTS, fcarcc  SPEECHES,  and  TRACTS  ;  all  compared 
with  the  feveral  Contemporary  Writers,  and  cortne&ed, 
throughout,  with  the  Hiftory  of  the  Times. 

By   SEVERAL   HANDS. 

THESECOND   EDITION. 

IN    TWENTY-FOUR  VOLUMES. 

VOL.    XVIII. 

VromSept.  30,1648,  to  the  Beheading  of  the  King,  theDiflblntion  of 
riie  Houfe  of  Lords,  the  Abolifhingof  Monarchy,  and  the  Commons 
aJluming  to  themfelves  the  fupreme  Authority  of  the  Nation. 

L    O    N    D    0    Ny 

Printed   for  J.  and   R.TONSON,  and   A.  MILLAR,  in  the 
Strand  ;  and    VV.  SAKDIJV,  in  Flect-Jlrect, 
MDCCLXI1I. 


H/7 

•/7k?-rt 

_  ^  I A 


THE 

PARLIAMENTARY  HISTORY 

O  F 

ENGLAND. 


N  the  fecond  ofOfiober  the  Houfe  An.  24  Car.  I. 
of  Lords  was  called  over,  accord-    t    '  ^  '  _, 
ing  to  an  Order  of  the  21  ft  of  laft      oftober. 
Month,    when    feventeen    Peers 
were  abfent,  ten  of  whom  were 
excufed  on  different  Avocations  ; 
and    then   it  was  ordered  on  the 


Motion  of  the  Lord  Wkarton,  in  regard  of  the  pre- 
fent  Grids  of  Affairs,  That  the  Houfe  be  called 
again  on  that  Day  Week,  and  that  each  Lord  who 
was  not  then  prefent,  or  excufed,  or  fhould  not, 
upon  another  Summons,  attend,  be  fined  50  /. 

This  Day  came  a  Letter  from/the  Parliament's 
Commiffioners  treating  with  the  King  in  the  Ifle  of 
Wight ;  which,  with  the  Papers  inclofed,  were  read 
in  hesc  Verba  : 

For  the  Rifbt  Honourable  the  SPEAKER  of  the  He  iff 
of  PEERS  pro  Tempore, 

My  Lord^  Nezvpyrt,  Sept.  29,  1648. 

«  O  Y   our  laft,  of  the    2sth   Inftant,  we  gave  A  Utter  from 

•  JD  your  Lord(hiPs  an  Account  of  our  Proceed-  '^ 

*  ing*  the  laft  Week.     Since  that  Time  we,  upon  in  the 

VroL.  XVIII.  A  <thewi*ht. 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

the  fame   25th,  put  in  our  Paper  upon   the  Pro- 
portions   concerning  the  Church,    herewith   fcnt 
"oVtcr    '   *  you  wnic'n  tne  King  received  ;    and    upon  Thurf- 

*  day,  being  the  28th,  the  King  delivered  us  a  Pa- 
4  per,  which  afterwards  we  returned  back  with  the 

*  Paper  here  inclofcd  ;  conceiving,  upon  Ccnfulta- 

*  tion  had  with  our   Commiflion  and  Inftructions, 
4  we  had    no  Power  to  receive  it :    But  the  King, 

*  after  hearing  of  our  Paper,  refufed  to  receive  it 
'  or  his  own   back  again,  and  left  them  upon  the 

*  Table  where  we  fat  to  treat;  and  fo  we  all  then 

*  departed. 

'  On  Friday^  the  29th,  we  met  his  Majefty  again, 
4  who  then  offered  us  two  other  Papers  ;  which 
4  being  read,  we  difccrned  them  to  relate  to  the  for- 
4  me'- Paper,  which  w?.s  left  upon  the  Table,  as  is 

*  before   expreffed  ;   therefore  conceiving,    by   our 
4  Commiffion  and  InftrucHons,  we  had  no  P ower 
4  to  receive  them,  we  did  refufe  to   accept  them  ; 

*  and  afterwards  we  withdrew    and  prefented  his 

*  Majefty  with  the    Paper  inclofed ,    to  defire  his 

*  Anfwer  to  our  Proportions  delivered  in  concern- 

*  ing  the  Church  ;  unto  which  we,  as  yet,  have 
4  received  no  Anfwer.     Of  this  we  thought  it  our 
4  Duty  to   give  your  Lordfhips  an    Account,  and 

*  fhall  further  acquaint    your  Lordfhips  with  our 
4  Proceedings,   as1  there  {hall  be  Occafion,  and  re- 

4  main,  -.,    r      , 

My  Lord, 

Tour  moft  bumble  Servants^ 

NORTHUMBERLAND,  SALISBURY, 

PEMBROKE  and  MONT-        MIDDLESEX, 
GOMERY,  SAY  and  SELE. 

The   COMMISIONERS  Ninth  Paper^    concerning  the 
Propofit ions  for  the  Church. 

Newport,  Sept.  25,  1648. 

APapcr^rcfent-'  "^/y  E    humbly    defire   your    Majefty    to   give 
ed  to  the  King    4  your   Royal   Afient    to  the   Proportions, 

wSr'tbT"      Bills'  ^^    Ordi»a»ces  enfuing,.  concerning  the 
church.  '  Church. 

Firjl, 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  3 

4  That  a  Bill  be  patted  for  the  utter  abo-  An.  24  Car.  r. 

*  liming  and  taking  away  of  all  ArchbUhops,    Bi-    .     l648' 
4  mops,     their    Chancellors     and     Commifiaries, 

4  Deans  and  Sub-Deans,  Deans  ar.d  Chapters, 
4  Archdeacons,  Canons  and  Prebendaries,  and  all 
4  Chaunters,  Chancellors,  Treafures,  Sub-Trca- 
4  Hirers,  Succentors  and  Sacrifts,  and  all  Vicars 
4  Choral  and  Chorifters,  old  Vicars  and  new  Vi- 
4  CJFS  of  any  Cathedral  or  Collegiate  Church,  and 
4  all  other  their  Unxier-Omcers,  out  of  the  Church 

*  of  England  and  Dominion  of  Walts^  and  out  of 
4  the  Church  of  Ireland.     And  that  the  feveral  Or-. 
4  dinances  herewith  delivered,  the  one  intituled,  An 
4  Ordinance    of   Parliament  for   abolijhing  of  Arch- 
4  b'jfiops  and  Bijbops  within  the  Kingdom  cf  England 
4  and  Dominion  of  Wales,  and  for  fettling  their  Lands 
4  and  Pojfejfions  upon  Trujlees  for  the  Ufe  of  the  Com- 

*  mon-wcalth  :  The  other  intituled,  An  Ordinance  of 
4  the  Lords  and  Commons  ajfembled  in  Parliament^  for" 
t  appointing  the  Sale  of  Bi/hops  Lands  for  the   Ufe  of 
4  the  Common-wealth,  be  confirmed  by  Act  of  P*r- 
4  liament. 

4  That  the  Ordinances  herewith  delivered,  con- 

*  cernmg  the  calling  and  fitting  of  the  Aflembly  of 
-*  Divines,  be  confirmed  by  Act  of  Parliament. 

4  That  Reformation  of  Religion,  according  to 
4  the  Covenant,  be  fettled  by  Act  of  Parliament 
4  within  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland^  arid 
4  Dominion  of  Wales^  in  fuch  Manner  as  both, 
4  Houfes  of  Parliament  have  agreed  to,  or  (hall  agree 

*  upon,  after  Confutation  had  with  the  Aflembly 

*  of  Divines.     And  particularly, 

4  That  your  Majefty  will  confirm,  by  A£l  of  Par- 

*  liament,  the  Directory  herewith  pfefented  for  the 

*  public  Worfhip  of  God  in  the  Kingdoms  of  Eng~ 

*  land  and  Ireland^    and  Dominion  of  Wales  ;  to- 
4  gether  wjth   the  feveral  Ordinances  herewith  alfo 
4  delivered,    of   the    3d    of  'January   1644,  and  of 
'  the  23d  of  Augujl  1645,   concerning  the  taking 

*  away  of  the  Book  of  Common' Prayer,  and  efta- 

*  bliming  and  putting  in  Execution  of"  tin-  laid  Di- 

*  rciSlory, 

A  2  <  Ths: 


Ybe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

(  That  your  Majefty  will  likewife  confirm,  by 
4  A£t  of  Parliament,  the  Form  of  Church-Govern-* 
October.  *  ment  herewith  prefented  to  be  ufed  in  the  Chur- 
'  ches  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  alfo  the  Articles 
4  of  Chriftian  Religion  herewith  delivered,  and  the 
4  Ordinance  herewith  prefented,  for  the  better  Ob- 

*  fervation  of  the  Lord's  Day. 

*  That  your  Majefty  will  be  pleafed  to  fwear  and 

*  fign  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  herewith 

*  prefented  ;  and  that  Acts  of  Parliament  be  paffed 
4  for  enjoining  the  taking  thereof  by  all  the  Sub- 

*  jecls  of  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland  > 

*  and  that  the  Ordinances  herewith  delivered,  con- 
'  cerning  the  Manner  of  taking  the  fame  in  both  the 

*  faid  Kingdoms,  be  confirmed  by  Acts  of  Parlia- 

*  ment,  with  fuch  Penalties  as  (hall  be  agreed  upon 
c  by  both  Houfes. 

4  That  your  Majefly  will  give  your  Royal  Aflent 

*  to  the  Bill  for  fupprefiing  Innovations  in  Chur- 
4  ches  and   Chapels  in   and  about  the  Worfhip  of 
4  God,  and   for    the  better  Advancement  of  the 

*  preaching  of  God's  Holy  Word  in  all  Parts   of 

*  this  Kingdom  ;  and   to  the  Bill   againft  enjoying 

*  Pluralities  of  Benefices  by   Spiritual  Perfons  and 
4  Non-refidence,  which   have  been  formerly  deli- 

*  vered    to  your  Majefty  ;    and  to  an  Act  to  be 

*  framed  and  agreed  upon  in  both  Houfes  of  Par- 

*  liement,  for  the  regulating  and  reforming  both 

*  Universities,  and  of  the  Colleges  of  Weflminjler^ 
4  Winchejfer^  and  Eaton. 

4  And  that  for  the  more  effectual  difabling  Je- 

*  fuits,  Priefts,  Papifts,  and  Popifli  Recufants,  from 
4  difturbing  the  State  and  eluding  the  Laws  j  and, 

*  for  the  difcovering  and  fpeedy  Conviction  of  Po- 

*  pifli  Recufants,  an  Oath  be  eftabliftied  by  Acl  of 

*  Parliament  to  be  adminiftered  to  them  j  wherein, 
4  they  (hall  abjure  and  renounce  the  Pope's  Supre- 

*  macy,   the  Doctrine  of  Tranfubftantiation,  Pur- 

*  gatory,    worftiiping    of    the   confecrated     Hoft, 
4  Crucifixes,  Images,  and  all  other  Popifh  Super- 
4  ftitions  and  Errors  :  And  refufing  the  faid  Oath, 

*  bting  tendered  in  fuch  Manner  as  {hall  be  ap- 

4  pointed 


^ENGLAND.  5 

*  pointed  by  the  faid  Aft,  to  be  a  fufficient  Con-  An.  24  Car.  I. 

*  vision  of  Popifli  Recufants.  t    <6*8 '    , 

*  That  your  Majefty  will  confent  to  an  Aft  or      o<ftoba. 
4  Afts  of  Parliament  for  the  Education  of  Children 
'  of  Papifts,  by  Proteftants,  in  the  Proteftant  Reli- 

*  gion  ;   and  to  an  Aft  or  Afts  for  the  true  Levy  of 

*  the  Penalties  ae;ainft  them,  which  Penalties  to  be 

*  levied  and  difpofed  in  fuch  Manner  as  both  Houfes 

*  {hall  agree  on,  wherein  to  be  provided  that  your 

*  Majefty  (hall  have  no  Lofs. 

'  And  to  an  Aft  or  Afts,  whereby  the  Praftices 
c  of  Papifts  agiinft  the  State  may  be  prevented,  and 
'  the  Laws  againft  them  duly  executed  j  and  a  ftric- 
4  ter  Courfe  taken  to  prevent  the  faying  or  hearing  » 

'  of  Mafs  in  the  Court,  or  any  other  Part  of  this 
?  Kingdom,  or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland. 
[Signd  by  all  the  Commijfioners*] 

To  this  Proportion  was  annexed  a  Copy  of  the 
Solemn  League  and  Covenant,  which  we  have  al- 
ready given  at  the  Time  of  its  being  fubfcribed 
by  the  Members  of  both  Houfes,  in  our  Twelfth 
Volume,  p.  396. 

The  KING'S  PROPOSITIONS  delivered  to  the  COM- 
MISSIONERS on  the  i&th  of  September,  1648, 
which  they  refitfedto  receive,  as  inconfijlent  with  then" 
Injlruftions  (a). 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Sept.  28,  1648. 

T7 1 S    Majejiy    did  ufe    many  Endeavours  for  a  His M-jjeftyv 
•*•*    Perfonal  Treaty ,    which  he  hoped  might  have- c 
been  obtained  at  Weftminfter  between  him  and   his  01 
two  Houfes  of  Parliament  immediately ;  yet  they  ha- 
ving made  Choice  of  this  Way,  by  you  their  Comtnif- 
feoners,  his  Majejiy  did  gladly  and  cb  ear  fully   accept 
thereof  in  this  Place,  as  a  fit  Means  to  bc>in  a  Treaty 
for   Peace,  which  might  put  an  End  to  hi::  own  fad 
Condition,  and   the    Miferies  of  his  Kingd •;, .js ;  'for 
A  3  an 

(a)  Thrfc  are  not  entered  in  the  LorJs  Jcurnah  }  but  we  ^ive  them 
fcom  Sir  Edward  IValhr't  HiJiorUal  ColkSitm. 


T£<?  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Entrance  whereunio,  bis   Majefey  bath  already  ex- 
bis   Confent    to    tic  Firjl    Proportion*      But 
finding  that  }ou    are  limited    by   Inferuclions,    which 
yeu  have  no   Warrant  to   communicate  to  him  ;    and 
having  Caufe,  by  your  Paper  of  the  "2Cth  of  this  pre- 
feni,  to    believe  that  you  have   no  Power  to   emit   or 
alter  cry  Thing,   though  he  Jhall  give  you  fuch  Rea- 
fens  as  may  Jatisfy  you  fo  to  do,   without  tranfmittirg 
the  Papers  to  the  two  Houfes  at  far  Diflf-nce,  where 
lit  Majefty's  Reafbns,   ExpreJJions,  and   Offers  upon 
Debate  cannot  be  fully  represented,   and  from  "whence 
your  Ar fivers  ccnnsi  he  returned  without  much  Ifafle 
of  the  Time  allotted  for   the    Treaty   here  :  And  ha- 
T.  :ng    in: fly    received   another    Paper    concerning   the 
Church,    containing  in  itjelf  fever al    Particulars    of, 
great  Importanc^  and  referring  to  divers  Ordinances^ 
Articles    of  Rdi^ion^  and  other   Things^    eleven    or 
tii-el-ve   in  Number,    of  great  Length,    and  feme   of 
than  vety    new,  and   never    before   prtfented   to  his 
Mfijrj'y  \   the  due  Confederation  of  many  whereof  will 
tdh  zip  much  Time,  and  require  his  M.ajefiy's  Pre- 
Jt.nce  ti'/th  his    two  Houfes   before  a  full  Refolution 
(•;n  well  be  had  in  Matters  cffe  high  a  Confequence  : 
To  ike  end,  therefore,  that  the  good  fVork  noufin  Hand 
W.-TV,  by  God's    BleJJings,  proceed  more  j'peedily   and 
effectually  to  a   happy   Conchfeon,   and   that  his  two 
Houfes   of  Parliament    may  at  preftnt   have  farther 
Security,    and  an  Earneft  of  future   Satisfaction,  his 
Majrjly,  upon  Confederation  had  of  'your ~st  makes  thefe 
Pr.pofetions  following  : 

Conci  rniag  the  Gkffrck  ;  his  MajeJIy  will  confent, 
that  the  Calling  and  Sitting  of  the  Jjj'embly  of  Divinei 
at  Wtftminucr,  be  confirmed  for  three  Tears  by  Aft 
of  Parliament* 

Andii'i'l,  by  Att  of  Parliament,  confirm,  for  three 
Tears,  the  Directory  for  the  public  Worfmp  of  God  in 
'  the  Kingdoms  ^/"England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion 
of  Wales. 

And  will  likewife  confirm  for  three  Tears,  by  Aft 
of  Parliament,  the  Form  of  Church-Government^ 
which  you  have  pre Tented  to  him  to  be  ufed  for  the 
Churches  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion  of 

Wales  :. 


of   E  N  G  LAND.  7 

Wales  :  Provided  thai  bis  Majcjly  and  thofe  of  his  An.  24  Car. 
Judgment,  or  any  others  who  cannot  in  Confcun^  l64:'- 
jubrnit  thereunto,  be  not  in  the  mean  Time  obliged  to 
comply  -with  the  faid  Government  or  Form  of  If'orfoip, 
but  have  free  Pratticc  of  their  own  Profeff.on  :  And 
that  a  free  Conciliation  and  Debate  be  had  with  the 
Affembly  of  Divines  at  Weflmi  after,  (twenty  of  h;s 
Mf'jejly's  Nomination  being  added  to  them}  •whereby 
it  may  be  determined  by  his  Afajefty  and  his  two  Houfes 
of  Parliament,  how  the  faid  Church  Government  and 
Form  of  public  Wor/hip,  after  the  faid  Time,  may  be 
fettled,  or  fconer,  if  Differences  may  be  agreed  :  And 
how  alfe  Reformation  and  Religion  may  be  fettled 
within  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  the 
Dominion  of  Wales  ;  and  the  Articles  of  Chriflian 
Religion  now  delivered  to  him,  may  in  like  Manmr  be 
then  conjidered  of  and  determined,  and  Care  taken  for 
the  Eafe  of  tender  Confciences. 

And  concerning  the  Bijhops  Lands  and  Revenues^ 
his  MajeJJy  confedering  that,  during  thefe  troublefome 
Times,  divers  of  his  Subjects  have  made  Contracts  and 
Purchafes,  and  divers  others  have  dijburj'ed  great  Sums 
of  Money  upon  Secnrity  and  Engagement  of  thofe 
Lands  ;  his  Majejty,for  your  Satisfaction,  will  content 
to  an  Afi  or  Acls  of  Parliament,  ivhereby  legal  Ejlates 
for  Lives,  or  for  Years,  at  their  Choice,  not  exceeding 
ninety-nine  Tears,  /hall  be  made  of  thofe  Lands,  t6wards 
the  Satisfaction  of  the  faid  Pitrchafers,  Contractors, 
and  others  to  whom  they  are  engaged,  at  the  old  Rents, 
or  feme  other  moderate  Rents,  whereby  they  may  receive 


Satisfaftion. 

And  in  cafe  fucb  Leafe 
will  propound  and  confent  to  feme  other  Way  for  their 


d  in  cafe  fucb  Leafes  /hall  not  fuffice,  his 


further  Satisfaction. 

Provided  that  the  Property  and  Inheritance  of  tlxife 
Lcinds  may  Jlill  remain  and  continue  to  the  Chunk  and 
Churchmen  refpeftively,  according  to  the  pious  Inten* 
tions  of  the  Donors  and  Founders  thereof,  and  the 
Rents  that  fliall  be  referved,  to  be  for  their  Mainte- 
nance. 

His  Majejty  will  give  his  Royal  AJJ'ent  to  an  Art 
for  the  bitter  Observation  cf  the  Lord's  Day,  for  fup- 

A  4  Pr']fm$ 


*The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

pr  effing  of  Innovations,  in  Churches  and  Chapels,  in 
and  about  the  W^orjhip  of  God,  and  for  the  better  Ad- 
vancement  of  the  Preaching  of  God's  Holy  Word  in 
all  Parts  of  this  Kingdom  ;  and  to  an  Afl  againjt  en- 
joying Pluralities  of  Benefices  by  fpiritual  Perfons,  and 
Non-Refu!ences  ;  and  to  an  Aft  for  regulating  and  re- 
forming both  the  U?iiverjities,  and  Colleges  of  Weft- 
minfter,  Winchefter,  and  Eaton. 

His  Majejly  will  confent  to  an  Aft  for  the  better 
Difcovery  crt;d  fpeedy  Conviction  of  Popijl)  Rccufants, 
as  is  dc  fired  in  the  Proportions. 

And  alfo  to  an  ASlfor  the  Education  of  the  Children 
cf  PapiJIs  by  Protrftants  in  the  Protejlant  Religion. 

As  alfo  to  an  Aft  for  the  true  levying  of  the  Penal- 
ties again/I  Papijls,  to  be  levied  and  dijpofcd  in  fuch 
Manner  as  both  Houfes  Jhall  agree  en,  and  as  is  propofed 
</n  his  Majejly  's  Behalf. 

As  alfo  to  an  AR  to  prevent  the  Practices  of  Papifts 
again/I  the  State,  and  far  putting  the  Laws  in  Exe- 
cution, and  for  ajlriflir  Courfe  to  prevent  hearing  or 
faying  of  Mafs, 

But  as  to  the  Covenant,  his  Jllaje/ly  is  not  yet  there- 
in fatisf.ed,  that  he  can  either  fign  or  fwear  it,  or 
confent  to  impofz  it  on  the  Consciences,  of  others^  nor 
doss  canceive  it  proper  or  ufeful  at  this  Time  to  be  in- 


Touching  the  Militia  ;  his  Majefy  conceives  that 
your  Propcjiiion  demands  a  far  larger  Power  over  the 
Perfons  and  Ejlates  of  his  Subjects,  than  hath  ever  hi- 
therto been  warranted  by  the  Laws  and  Statutes  of 
•  this  Realm  ;  yet  confide.ring  the  prefent  Dijlrattions 
require  more,  and  trujling  in  his  two  Houfes  of  Par- 
iiament,  that  they  will  make  no  farther  Ufe  of  the 
Pciuers  therein  mentioned,  after  the  prefent  Di/tempers 
fettled,  than  Jhall  be  agreeable  to  the  legal  Exercife 
thereof  in  Times  paj},  or  juft  Necejffity  Jhall  require  :: 
His  Majefty  will  confent  to  an  Aft  of  Parliament, 
that  the  Lords  and  Commons  in  the  Parliament  of 
England  now  ajjembled,  or  hereafter  to  be  ajjembled^ 
~t>r  fuch  as  they  Jhall  appoint  during  the  Space  of  ten 
Years,  Jhall  arm,  train,  and  difcipline,  or  caufe  to  be 
armed,  trained^  and  disciplined  all  the  Forces  of  the 

Kingdoms 


of  *E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  9 

Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion  of  An.  24  Car.  I. 

\V  ales,  the  Jfes  of  Guernfcy  and  Jerfey,  and  the    t   1>4_8'     , 

Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  already  raifed  loth       oftober. 

fir  Sea  and  Land  Service  ;  arid  fiall,  from  Tir.:e   to 

Time,  during  the  faid  Space  of  ten  Tears,  raife,  levy, 

arm,  train,  difcipline,  or  caufe  to  he  raifed,   levied, 

armed,  trained,  and  difciplincd  any  other  Forces  for 

Land  and  Sea  Service  in  the  Kingdoms,  Dominion,  and 

Places  aforefaid,  as,  in  their  Judgment,  they  /hall,  from 

'Tune  to   lime,  during  the  faid  Space  of  ten  Tears, 

think  jit  and  appoint  ;  and  that  neither  the  King,  his 

Heirs  or   SucceJJors,  nor  any  other,  but  fuch  as  Jhall 

c£l  by  the  Authority  or  Approbation  of  the  faid  Lords 

and  Commons,  foall,    during   the  faid  Space  of  ten 

Tears,  exercife  any  of  the  Powers  aforefaid. 

That  Monies  be  raifed  and  levied  for  the  Mainte-* 
nance  and  Ufe  of  the  faid  Forces  for  Land  Service,  and 
of  the  Navy  and  Forces  for  Sea  Service,  in  fuch  Sort, 
and  by  fuch  Ways  and  Means,  as  the  faid  Lords  and 
Commons  Jhall  from  Time  to  Time,  during  the  Space  of 
ten  Tears,  think  fit  and  appoint,  and  not  otherwife. 

fad  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  or  fuch  as  they 
Jhall  appoint,  during  the  fojd  Space  of  ten  Tears,  /hall 
have  Power, 

Firft,  To  fupprefs  all  Forces  raifed,  or  to  be  raifed, 
•without  Authority  and  Confent  of  the  faid  Lords  and 
Commons,  to  the  Diflurbance  of  the  public  Peace  of 


the  Kingdoms  of  England  rfw/IHand,  Dominion  of 
Wales,  the  IJles  of  Guernfey  and  Jerfey,  and  the 
Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  or  any  of  them. 

Secondly,  To  fupprefs  any  foreign  forces  who  Jhall 
tnvade,  or  endeavour  to  invade,  the  Kingdoms  of  Eng- 
land and  Ireland,  Dominion  of  Wales,  the  IJles  of 
Guernfey  and  Jerfey,  and  the  Town  cf  Berwick  upon 
Tweed,  or  any  of  them. 

And  that  after  the  Expiration  of  the  faid  ten  Tears, 
y.either  the  King,  his  Heirs  or  SucceJJors,  or  any  Per- 
fan  or  Perjons,  by  Colour  or  Pretence  of  any  Commif- 
fion,  Poiver,  Deputation,  or  Authority  to  be  d-  rived 
from  the  King,  his  Heirs  or  SucceJJors^  or  any  of  them^ 
Jhall,  without  the  Confent  of  the  faid  Lords  and  Com- 
mons^ raiffj  arm,  train,  dijcip/inet  employ,  order, 


io  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  T-  manage,  disband,  or  difpofe,  any  of  the  Forces  by  Sen  tf' 
l64^  ^  Land  of  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  the 
"~~~^ Dominion  of  Wales,  Jjles  of  Gucmfcy  <7»rfjerfcy» 
and  the  Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed  ;  nor  exercif* 
avy  of  the.  faid  Powers  or  Authorities  herein  before- 
nientloned  and  expreffed  to  be,  during  the  faid  Space  of 
ten  Years,  in  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons ;  nor  dt 
any  Aft  or  Thing  concerning  the  Execution  of  the  fmd 
Powers  and  Authorities,  or  any  of  them,  without  the 
Cenfent  of  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons  firjl  had  and. 
obtained. 

And  with  a  Provifo  for  faving  the  ordinary  legal 
Power  of  Officers  of  Jujiice,  not  being  Military  Of- 
ficers, as  is  fet  down  in  your  Proportions. 

And  with  a  Declaration,  That  if  any  Perfons  Jhall 
be  gathered  and  affembled  together  in  warlike  Manner, 
cr  othenvifey  to  the  Number  of  thirty  Perfons,  and  Jhail 
not  forthwith  difperfe  themf elves,  being  required  there- 
to by  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  or  Command  from 
them,  or  any  by  them  efpecially  authorized  to  that  Pur- 
fofe ;  then  fuch  Perfon  or  Perfons,  not  fo  difperfing 
themfelves,  Jhall  be  guilty,  and  incur  the  Pains  of  High 
Treafon  ;  being  firjl  declared  guilty  of  fuch  Offence  by 
the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  any  Commijjion  under  the 
Great  Seal,  or  other  Warrant  to  the  contrary  notwith- 

JJanding  ;  and  he  or  they,  that  Jhall  fo  offend  herein, 
to  be  incapable  of  any  Pardon  from  his  Majefty,  his 
Heirs,  or  Succeffon. 

And  likewife  that  it  be  provided,  That  the  City  of 
London  Jhall  have  and  enjoy  all  their  Rights,  Liber- 
ties, &c.  in  raifing  and  employing  the  Forces  of  that 
City  in  fuch  Sort  as  is  mentioned  in  the  faid  Propoji- 
tions. 

IVith  thefe  Proportions  following  to  be  infertedin  the 

faid  An : 

I.  That  none  be  compelled  to  ferve  in  the  War  a- 
gainjl  their  Wills,  but  in  cafe  of  coming  in  of  Jf range 
Enemies, 

II.  And  that  the  Powers  above-mentioned,   as  con- 
cerning the  Land  Forces,  (other  than  for  Keeping-up 
and  Maintenance  of  Forts  and  Garrifonsy  and  for  the 

Keeping"- 


gf    ENGLAND.  11 

Keeping- ufa    Maintaining,    and  Pay  of  this  prefent  An.  24  Car.  I. 

>my,  ^  *%'"  tfJ  it  foall  be  thought  fit  by  both  Hnfis  ^ ^j^_ f 

of  Parliament]  be  exercifed  to  no  other  Purpsfes  then  cooler. 
for  fupp^rtjjfag  of  Forces  raifed,  or  to  be  rmjcd,  with- 
out Authority  and  Confent  of  the  f  aid  Lords  and  Com- 
mons as  aforcfaid,  or  for  fupprej/ing  of  any  foreign 
F'.ms  which  Ibfill  invade,  or  endeavour  to  invade,  tht 
Kingdsms,  Dominion,  and  Places  aforcfaid. 

III.  And  that -the  Monies  be  raifed  by  general  equd 
Taxations ;  faying  that  Tonnage  and  Poundage,  and 
fuch  Irr.pfj/rs  as  have  been  applied  to  the  Navy,  may  be 
'rcif'd  fis  hath  b?\n  ujual. 

IV.  And  that   all  Patents,  Convnijjions  and  other 
Afis  concerning  the  Premises,  be  made  and  afted,  in  his 
Majejh's   Name,  by  Warrant  fignified  by  the   "Lords 
'and  \^cmm:m:,  or  fuch  others  as  they  fnali  authorize  for 
that  Purpofe.     If  it  fl)dl  be  more  fatisfafiory  to   hh 
tiuo  Houjes  to  have  the  Militia,  and  Powers  thereupon 
defending,  during   the    whole    Time  of  his    Majejly*s 
Reign,  rather  than  for   the  Space  of  ten   Tears,  hif 
Majefiy  therein  gives  them  the  Election. 

Touching  Ireland  ;  his  Majejly  having  in  the  two 
preceding  Proportions  given  his  Confent  concerning  the 
Church,  and  the  Militia  there,,  in  all  Things  as  in  Eng- 
land ;  as  to  all  other  Mqters  relating  to  that  Kingdom* 
after  Advice  ivith  his  tzvo  Houjes,  he  will  leave  it  to 
their  Determination,  and  give-  his  Confent  accordingly 
'as  is  herein  after  expreffed. 

Touching  public  Debts  ;  his  Majejly  will  give  his 
Confeni  to  fuch  an  Aft  for  raifing  Monies,  by  general 
and  equal  Taxations,  for  the  Payment  and  Satisfying 
sf  the  Arrears  of  the  Army,  and  public  Debts  and 
Engagements  of  the  Kingdom,  as  {hall  be  agreed  on  by 
loth  Houfis  of  Parliament,  and  fljall  be  audited  and 
fifcertnined  by  them,  or  fuch  Perfons  as  they  /hall  ap- 
point, within  the  Space  of  twelve  Months  after  the 
^ajjing  of  an  Adi  for  the  fame. 

His  Majefty  will  confent  to  an  Att  that,  during  ths 
faid  Space  of  ten  lean,  the  Lord-Chancellor  or  Lord- 
Keeper,  Commifjioners  of  the  Great  Seal  or  Trcafury, 
Lord-Warden  of  the  Cinque  Portst  Chancellor  of  the 

Exchequer 


1 2  T/je  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  Exchequer  and  Duchy,  Secretaries  of  State,  Majler 
l648'  of  the  Roils,  "Judges  of  both  Benches,  and  Barons  of 
Oftob  r  ^c  Exchequer  of  the  Kingdom  of  England,  be  nomi- 
nated^ by  both  Honfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England, 
to  continue,  Quam  diu  fe  bene  geflerint ;  and  in  the 
Intervals  of  Parliament,  by  fuch  others  as  they  Jhall 
authorize  for  that  Purpcfe. 

His  Majefy  will  confcnt  that  the  Militia  of  the 
City  of  London  and  Liberties  thereof,  during  the  Space 
of  ten  Yearn,  may  be  rn  tfre  Ordering  and  Government 
of  the  Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  Commons  in  the 
Common  Council  ajfembled,  or  juch  ai  tbsy  /hall,  from 
"Time,  appoint,  (whereof  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Sheriff's 
for  the  Time  being  to  be  three)  to  be  employed  and  di- 
re fled,  from  Time  to  Time,  during  the  f aid  Space  of 
ten  Years,  in  fuch  Manner  as  jhall  be  agreed  on  and 
appointed  by  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  ;  and  that  no 
Citizen  of  the  City  of  London,  nor  any  Forces  of  the 
faid  City,  Jhall  be  drawn  forth,  or  compelled  to  go  out 
of  the  faid  City  or  Liberties  thereof,  for  Military  Ser- 
vice, without  their  own  free  Conjent. 

That  an  Aft  be  pajjedfor  the  granting  and  confirm- 
ing the  Charters,  Cuftoms,  Liberties,  and  Franchifes 
of  the  City  of  London,  notwith/landing  any  Nonufer, 
Mifufer,  or  Abufer ;  and  that,  during  the  faid  ten 
Years,  the  Tower  of  London  may  be  in  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  City  of  London  ;  and  the  chief  Officer 
and  Governor  thereof,  from  Time  ta  Time,  during  the 
faid  Space,  be  nominated  and  removeable  by  the  Com- 
mon Council,  as  are  dejired  in  your  Proportions. 

His  Majejly  having  thus  far  exprejfed  his  Confent 
fcr  the  prefent  Satisfaction  and  Security  of  his  two 
Houfes  of  Parliament,  and  thofe  that  have  adhered 
unto  them,  touching  your  four  firjl  Propofttions,  and 
other  the  Particulars  before  fpecified :  As  to  all  the  reft 
tf  your  Propojitions  delivered  to  him  at  Hampton- 
Court,  (not  referring  to  thofe  Heads)  and  to  that  of 
the  Court  of  Wards  ftnce  delivered,  as  alfo  to  the 
remaining  Proportions  concerning  Ireland,  his  Majejly 
defires  only,  when  he  J}>all  came  to  Weftminfter,  per- 
fonally  to  advife  with  his  two  Houfes,  and  to  deliver 
his  Opinion  and  the  Reafons  of  it ;  which  being  done, 


^    ENGLAND. 

be  will  have  the  whole  Matter  of  tbofe  remaining  Pr6~ 
pofitions  to  the  Determination  of  his  two  Houfes^  which 
Jhall  prevail  with  him  for  his  Confent  accordingly. 

And  his  MajeJJy  doth^  for  his  own  Particular^  only 
propofe^  That  he  may  have  Liberty  to  repair  forthwith 
to  Weftminfter,  and  be  rejlored  to  a  Condition  of  ab- 
folute  Freedom  and  Safety,  (a  Thing  which  he  Jhall 
never  deny  to  any  of 'his  Subjects)  and  to  the  Poff'ejfton 
of  his  Lands  and  Revenues ;  and  that  an  Att  of  Obli- 
vion and  Indemnity  may  pafs,  to  extend  to  all  Perfoxs 
for  all  Matters  relating  to  the  late  unhappy  Diffe- 
rences \  which  being  agreed  by  his  two  Houfes  of  Par- 
liament^ his  Majejly  will  be  ready  to  make  thefe  his 
ConceJJions  binding^  by  giving  them  the  Force  of  Laws 
by  his  Royal  AJJent. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  TENTH  PAPER,  cccafioned  by 
the  foregoing  :  This  the  King  refufed  to  accept  of  (e ). 

Neivport,  Sept.  29,  1648. 
«  T  T  PON  the  Paper  delivered  by  your 
'   \*J    the  28th  of  September,  we  acquainted 
«  Majefty  that  we  had  not  refolved  whether    we 

*  might  retain  that  Paper  or  not ;  and  fiace,  upon 
'  Perufal  and  Confideration  thereof,   and  of  our 

*  Commiflion  and  Inftru&ions,  we  find  that  albeit 

*  your  Majefty  will  be  pleafed  to  ftyle  them  your 

*  Propofitions,  yet  they  are  as  Anfwers  to  the  four 

*  Propofitions  firft  to  be  treated  on,    and  to  divers 
'  of  the  reft,  and  are  fo  exprefled  in  your  Majefty's 
'  Paper  in   thefe  Words,'  His  Majejly  having  thus 

*  far  exprejjed  his  Confent  for  the  prefent  Satisfac- 
'  tion  and  Security  of  his  two  Houfes  of  Parliament t 
'  and  thofe  that  have  adhered  to  them^  touching  the 

*  four  firft  Propofitions^  and  in  other  Parts  of  your 
6  Paper  ;  and  therefore  being,  by  our  Inftru&ions, 
'  to  proceed  in  the  firft  Place  upon  the  four  Propo- 
'  fitions  in  Order,  and  upon  the  reft  as  they  are 
'  placed,  as  hath    been    declared  already   to  your 
'  Majefty  by  our  Paper  of  the  i8th  of  this  Inftant; 

«  and 

(<•)  This  is  taken  from  the  LtrJi  Journals,  afl-i  is  not  in  Sir  Ed> 
ward  Walkers  CeUe&ons. 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  34  Car.  1.  «  2n  i  finding  that  you  have  given   Anfwers  to  the 

t    *64-s-    j    <•  £rft  four  proportions,  and  divers  of  the  reft  to- 

OSobt-       '  gether,  without  admitting  Debate  up'  n  the  Pro- 

c  petitions  fevera'ly,  by  which  we  fhould  have  en- 

*  deavoured  to  have  given  your  Majefty   Satisfac- 
'  tion  in  the  feveral  Proportions  as  they  had    been 
'  treated  on,  we  humbly  return  herewith  your  Ma- 
'  jefty't;  Paper,  and  dcfire  your  AnlVer  to  the  Paper 

*  delivered  the  2cth  of  th  s  Inftant,  concerning  the 
'  Church,  whereunto  your  Majefty  hath  given  no 

*  full  Anfwer  in  your  Paper.' 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  Cotnmijjioncrs.] 

The  KING'S  Firft  Paper  in  Tuftification  of  his  Pro- 
pofitions  refuf-jd   by  the  Comiiaulicners  (f). 

Newport,  Sept.  29, 1648. 
CHARLES  R. 

TTl  S  Majefty  did  receive  the  Votes  of  both  Houfes 
"  of  Parliament  of  the  third  of  Auguft  lajl% 
whereby  they  refolded  to  treat  perjonally  with  him, 
by  Comm'iffiMurs,  upon  the  Proportions  prefented  at 
Hampton-Court,  &c.  and  upon  fuch  Proportions  as 
jbottld  be  offered  by  his  Majefty,  and  upon  fuch  other 
Proportions  as  fh-iuld  be  propounded  either  by  his  Ma- 
jefty or  both  Hoiifes  of  Parliament  :  Which  Liberty 
for  his  Majefty  to  make  Prcpofttions  was^  amongjl 
others^  a  chief  Motive  that  Induced  him  to  accept  the 
Treaty  In  this  Place^  and  In  this  Manner,  as  appears 
by  his  Majefty  $  Anj^ver  to  thofe  Votes,  dated  the  io*/j 
ff  Auguft. 

And  by  your  Comrtilfjlon,  which  you  del'wcred  to 
Inm  In  the  Beginning  of  the  Treaty,  you  are  autho- 
rized to  treat  upyn  thofe  Proportions  formerly  pre~ 
fented,  and  fuch  other  Propofinons  as  jhall  be  offered 
either  by  his  A4ajrfty  or  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  ; 
ivhereby  it  clearly  appears  in  his  Majefty,  you  are 
both  warranted  and  enjoined  to  receive  juch  Prop's- 
Jit  ions  as  Jhall  at  any  Time  be  tendered  by  him. 
Whereupon  his  Majefty  Tefterday  did  put  in  a  Pro- 


(f)  This  is  in  Sir  Edward  ff'aKtr't  Collcffiofit,  and  not  in 
Lirdt  journals. 


of    ENGLAND. 

p&fition,  which  was  read  and  delivered  to  you,    con- 

cerning   his   coming  to  Weftminfter,    containing  Jc- 

veral  Motives   to    induce  his  tvjo  Houfss  to   confetti      oclober. 

thereunto. 

And  although  yui  are  directed  by  your  InftruSlions 
as  to  the  Order  of  the  Treaty  upon  your  Proportions, 
yet  thofe  Inftruftions  cannot  be  contrary  to  the  Fetes 
which  were  fent  to  his  Majejly  or  to  your  Commif- 
few,  which  were  the  Grounds  and  Foundation  of  this 
Treaty  ,  nor  can  take  from  him  the  Liberty  of  making 
his  Proportions  at  any  "Time  ;  which  as  it  is  ejjential 
to  all  free  Treaties  to  make  mutual  Proportions,  fo, 
particularly,  is  well  ivarranted  by  the  faid  Votes  and 
CommiJJion.  And  although  his  Majejly'  s  Paper  con- 
tains in  it  divers  Conjcnts  and  Agreements,  for  the 
Satisfaction  and  Security  of  his  tivo  Houfes,  appli- 
cable to  the  Four  Proportions,  which  you  are  by  your 
Inftruftiom  directed  firjl  to  treat  upon,  and  to  other 
Particulars  of  your  Proportions,  yet  are-  not  thofe  Con- 
fents  and  Agreements  inferted  to  any  other  End  than  as 
necejjary  Grounds  and  Inducements  io  his  two  Houfes 
to  confent  to.  that  Propo/ition  for  his  Maje/ly's  Co- 
ming to  \Veftminfter  ;  ivhich,  of  itfelf,  is  but,  one 
intire  Proportion,  and  induced  and  fupported  by 
thofe  preceding  Motives  and  Confents  without  which 
neither  his  Majejly  nor  any  other  reafonable  Man 
could  expetl  that  a  bare  Props/if  ion  could  be  accept- 
able to  his  tvjo  Houfes,  or  produce,  that  Effett  as  is 
defired.  And  his  Majejly  cannot  imagine  what  In- 
ducements or  Motives  were  pojjible  for  him  to  offer 
to  his  two  Houfes,  for  the  Grounds  of  any  Propor- 
tion, but  that  they  muff,  in  feme  Sort,  nccejjarily 
contain  ir  relate  to  the  Matter  of  the  Houfes  Pro- 
pofition' 

Hi>     Majejly    therefore    dejires    that   you   would 
l   t 


and  effeftually  tranfmit  the  faid  Proportion, 
read  and  delivered  Yejlerday,  to  his  two  Houfes  of 
Parliament  at  Weftmi  after,  whom  his  Majejly  is 
co  nr  dent  will  be  fully  fatisfied  therewith.  And  if 
you  foall  doubt  of  any  the  Matters  contained  in  his 
Alajejly's  Paper,  and  defer  e  any  thing  to  be  explained 
by  Treaty  and  Debate,  his  Majejly  is  willing  there- 
5  unto  : 


1 6  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  44  Car.  I.  unto  :  As  likewise  if  you  Jhall  defir.e  any  farther  Sectt- 
1648  •  rity  than  the  Confents  already  given  by  his  Majejlyfof 
^e  P  erformance  thereof,  his  Majefiy  is  willing,  and 
will  be  ready  to  treat  and  debate  thereupon,  and  to  give 
you  full  Satisfaction  here  for  fuch  Performar.ee  on  his 
Part,  at  his  Repair  to  Weftminfter. 

The  KING'S  Second  Paper,    on  the  fame  Subject, 
refufed  alfo  by  the  Commiflioners  (g). 

CHARLES  R.  NewPort»  SePf-  29>  1648. 
to  the  Votes  of  the  two  Houfes,  ana'  your 
own  Commijjion,  one  of  the  ejfential  Parts  of  the 
Treaty  is  for  his  Majejly  to  deliver  in  Proportions  of  his 
civn,  and  accordingly  he  delivered  one  to  you  Tejierday  ; 
and  therefore  he  requires  you  either  to  treat  upon  the 
fame,  or  to  tranfmit  it  to  the  two  Houfes  of  Parlia- 
ment at  Weftminfter  ;  the  doing  of  which  Jhall  be  fo 
far  from  giving  any  Interruption  to  the  Treaty  here, 
which  was  never  intended  by  his  Majejly,  as  his  Afa- 
jejly  is  very  willing  (you  accepting  and  treating  upon, 
or  tranfmitting,  the  faid  Proportion  to  the  two  Houfes) 
to  proceed  in  your  own  Order,  to  treat  upon  fuch  Pro- 
psjitions  as  you  have  or  ft)all  prefent  unto  him. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  Paper  prefented  to  the  King  on 
their  refnfmg  the  two  former. 

Newport,   Sept.  29,    1648. 

«  \\7  E  humbly  deiire  your  Majefty's  Anfwer  to 
'  W  our  Paper  concerning  the  Church,  deli- 
'  vered  unto  your  Majefty  the  2fth  of  this  Inftant 
«  September. 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  CommiJJioners.'] 

The  fame  Day  alfo,  Oft.  2,  the  following  Let- 
ter from  the  King  was  prefented  to  the  Houfe  of 
Lords  by  Capt.  Titus,  who,  by  his  Majefty's  Com- 
mand, was  ordered  to  ftay  for  an  Anfwer.  In- 
clofed  in  this  Letter  were  the  King's  own  Propofi- 

tions, 

(g)  This  is  in  Sir  Edward  Walker's   Cvfotfifrj,  and  ftot  in  the. 

ftOrds  Journals, ' 


^ENGLAND.  17 

trons,  a  Copy  whereof  we  have  already  given  when  An-  *4  Car.  I, 
offered  to  the  Commiflioners  by  his  Majefty.     The   t    ]   ^'  M 
Letter  was  addrefs'd  thus :  October. 

To  the  S  P  E  A  K  E  R  of  the  Houfe  of  P  E  E  R  s  pro 
Tcmpore,  to  be  communicated  to  the  LORDS 
and  COMMONS  in  the  Parliament  of  England 
at 


CHARLES  R.        NewPort>  SeP"  29> 


'JJiT' 
** 


'Hereas  both  our  Houfes  of  Parliament,  by  their  A  Letter  from 
Votes  of  the  third  of  Auguft  lajl,  refolved  to  the  King  to  the 
treat  personally  with  us  upon  the  Proportions  prefent-  ^ofin  "Swa 
ed  at  Hampton-Court,    and  upon  fuch  Propositions  propofitions, 
as  we  foould   offer  ;   and   the  CommiJJioners^  upon  the  v'hict  *heir 
opening   of  this    Treaty,     acquainted  us    with  their 
CommiJJion  from     both    Houfes,     which    authorized  accept. 
them  accordingly  :   Hereupon  we  framed  this  inclofed 
Proportion,    and  Yeflerday,    being    the    2.Stb  of  this 
In/lant,  delivered    the  fame   to   your    CommiJJioners 
here  ;    wherein    vje  have    infertcd  divers    Concejffions 
and  Agreements,   thereby  the  better  to  induce  our  two 
Houfes    of  Parliament   to  agree    to  this  our  Propofi~ 
tion  j  but  finding  the   CommiJJiQners  of  both    Houfes 
here,    upon  feveral    Debates,    alledge   that    they  are 
rejlrained,    by    their    Injiruflions,   from  tranfmitting 
the  fame  to  our  two  Houfes  of  Parliament  ;  we  ac- 
quainted them    that  we  would  take  Notice  to  you  of 
bow  great  a  Prejudice  it  was  to  us,  that  their  In- 
Jlruttiom   were  fo  limitted  :    And  therefore  we  have- 
thought  Jit   to  fend  up  to  you  a    Transcript    of  that 
Propofition,  defiring  the  fame    may  be    communicated 
to  our  two  Houfes  of  Parliament  ;    hoping  that  the 
Largenefs  of  thefe  Concejjions  will  prevail  with  them 
to  lay  hold  on  this  Way,    which  to   us  feerns  the  mojl 
fpe&ly   Courfc    of  fettling   the    Dijlrattions    of  thefe 
Kingdoms  ;  that  fo,  upon  thefe  Conditions,  we  may  re- 
pair to  our  two  Houfes  at  Weftminftcr,   where  we 
intend  to  perform  and  make  good  all  we  have  cm* 
ited  unto. 
VOL.  XVIIL  B  The 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

The  Lords  having  read  this  Letter  and  the  King's- 
Propofitions,  ordered  them  to  be  fcnt  to  the  Com- 
mons, with  a  Defire,  that  when  that  Houfe  had 
read  them,  they  would  return  back  the  Originals  ; 
their  Lordfhips,  being  unwilling  to  delay  a  Bufi- 
fmefs  of  fuch  Importance,  not  having  taken  Co- 
pies thereof. 

After  reading  thefe  Papers  in  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
mons, a  very  warm  Debate  enfued,  the  Account 
of  which  is  thus  given  by  a  Journalift  of  thefe 
Times  (d}. 

Defa'e  thereup-  Mr.  Life  begun  with  urging,  c  That  if  the 
on  nit-he  Houfe  7'reaty  were  now  broken  off,  it  would  be  the 
;ons'  King's  own  Fault,  fmce  he  had  quitted  the  cue 
Courfe  of  it ;  and,  inftead  of  debating  and  pafling 
the  Proportion  fent  him  by  the  Parliament,  had 
endeavoured  to  furprife  the  Houfes  with  devifed 
Proportions  of  his  own  ;  which  they  did  not  ex- 
peel:  from  him,  but  rather  that  he  mould  give  his 
AfTent,  or  Denial,  to  each,  as  they  lay  in  Order, 
or  as  they  fhould  be  prefented  unto  him  by  their 
Commiflioners,  to  whom  they  had  referred  the 
due  managing  of  this  Treaty  :  And  therefore, 
fmce  they  had  refufed  to  receive  the  King's  Propo- 
fi.ions,  I  fuppofe,  faid  he,  it  becomes  us  likewife 
to  lay  them  afide  ;  and  not  only  fo,  but  to  give  fur- 
ther Inftrii&ions  to  our  Commiflioners,  that  if  the 
King  do  not  proceed  with  them  upon  each  Propo- 
fition,  as  before,  they  mould  declare  againft  any 
further  P-rogrefs  in  the  Treaty.' 

As  to  the  Particular  about  Church-Government, 
Mr.  Knightley  faid,  *  That  if,,  after  the  Expiration 
of  the  three  Years,  they  mould  admit  of  twenty 
Divines,  of  his  Majefty's  Nomination,  to  join 
with  the  Affembly  for  the  further  Settlement  of 
the  Church,  it  was  likely  that  the  Epifcopal 
Men,  inftead  of  advifing  the  Settlement  of  the 
Church,  would  rather  unfettle  it  by  their  Dif- 
putes :  and  fo,  perhaps,  introduce  a  new  Quarrel 
about  it,' 

As 

(d)  Mcrcuriui  Pragmaticus,  No.  28. 


^ENGLAND.  19 

As    concerning    Biihops    Lands,    Mr.    Harvey An-  24  Car'  r« 

alledgcd,  c  That  except  Epifcopacy  were  pull'd  up    , '_     J , 

Root  and  Branch,  fo  that  no  Hopes  were  left  of  ever      o<ftober. 
rcfloring  it  within  this  Kingdom,  the  Purchafcrs 
and  Contra&ers   would  be  left  without  any  Afiu- 
rance  of  enjoying  their  Purchafes ;  feeing  that  Claufe 
for  the  Return  of  thofe  L?.r.ds  to  the  Church,  af- 
ter fo  many  Years,  may  be  made  Ufe  of  in  far  lefs 
Time  than   is  there  mentioned,  to  defeat  the  Pur- 
chafers  ;    efpecially  if  the   Epifcopal    Party  fliould 
ever  get  Ground  again  in   the  Nation  :  Whereas, 
if  the  Property  and  Inheritance  of  thofe  Lands  be 
fettled  by  Adi  of  Parliament  upon  them  and  their 
Heirs  for  ever,  then  they  might  be  as  fure  of  thefe 
as  of  their  other  Poffeffions  ;   and  it  would  be  fuch 
an  Encouragement  to  Men   to  lay  out  their  Mo- 
ney,   that  the  State  might   fell  them  off  much  the 
fooner,  and  at  better  Rates.'     This  Motion  being 
feconded  by  Alderman  Penmngton  of  London,  Mr. 
Blackljion  and  others,  a  Member  who  apprehend- 
ed this  Difpute  about  Bifhops   and  their  Lands  to 
be   fet  on  Foot  by  the  Affembly  of  Divines,  flood 
up  and  faid,  '  Mr.  Speaker,   I  perceive  thefe  Gen- 
tlemen   are    yery    exceptious    in    the    Matter    of 
Church-Government,   and  conceive  the  King  doth 
not  offer  fo  fully  and  fairly  touching  this  Particu- 
lar as  he  ought  to  do.     Whatfoever   their   Cor- 
ccit  is  of  his  Majefty  in  that  RefpecSt,  I  am   fure 
he  offers  fair  in   one  Particular,  for  reprefling  the 
Covetoufnefs    of  our    Affembly  of  Divines,    and 
the  well  regulating    of    the  Church,    by  offering 
to    pafs    an    Act    againft    Pluralites    of   Benefices 
by  Spiritual  Perfons,  and  Non-refidency.     1  coukl 
v.ifh  ibme  would  cry  him  up  as  much  for  this,   as 
they  cry  him  down   for  other  Things  ;    for  it  is  a 
Shame,    and  reflecis    much   upon  the    Honour   of 
the  Houfe,   that   we  are   nor  more  forward   in  re- 
moving of  this  Inconveniency  :  And  more  Shame 
is  it  for  the  Synod,  that  they  being  the  Men  which 
condemned  ?nd  cried  out  againft   the  Pluralities  of 
the  Epifcopal  Clergy,    fhould  enjoy  far  more  than 
the  corrupteft   of  the  Bimops  and  their  Chaplains 
B  2  did 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

did  ever  allow  of ;  divers  of  them  at  this  Time  pbf- 
fefiing  two,  or  three,  yea,  and  four  Livings  a-piece, 
which  they  come  not  at  once  in  a  Twelvemonth, 
befides  thofe  which  are  not  vifible,  wherein  they 
have  placed  their  Deputies  of  Journeymen,  with 
whom  they  fhare  in  the  Profits :  And  therefore  my 
humble  Motion  is,  Mr.  Speaker,  that  our  Com- 
miflioners  be  ordered  to  infift  earneltly  for  hi* 
Majefty's  fpeedy  Aflent  unto  an  Aft  for  the  taking 
away  this  ingrofling  of  Benefices.'  Upon  this  fe- 
veral  Members  calling  out  for  the  Gentleman  to 
name  Particulars,  and  not  thus  to  fcandalize 
the  Affembly  in  general  Terms,  he  anfwered, 
'  That  if  the  Houfe  pleafed  to  command  him,  he 
could  inftance  Particulars  enough,  and  prove  them 
too ;'  which  put  an  End  to  the  Bufmefs. 

Then  Sir  John  Evelyn,  of  Wilts*  defired  to  fpeak 
one  Word  to  the  Conclufion  of  his  Majefty's  Let- 
ter, wherein  he  defircd  to  come  to  Weftminfier  in 
abfolute  Freedom,  and  be  reftored  to  his  Revenues, 
promifing  to  leave  other  Matters  to  the  Determi- 
nation of  the  Houfes,  and  pafs  thefe  Concefiions 
into  Acts;  c  I  conceive,  faid  he,  if  we  fhould  yield 
to  this,  it  would  extremely  difcontent  our  Friends 
on  all  Sides,  and  give  Encouragement  to  Malig- 
nanfs  and  Delinquents :  The  Army  and  Well- 
affected  abroad  would  think  very  ftrangely  that  the 
King  fhould  be  at  Liberty,  and  no  further  Secu- 
rity given  for  their  Liberties,  but  only  his  bare 
Word ;  which,  in  cafe  thefe  Conceffions  were  fa- 
tisfactory,  as  we  fee  they  are  not,  would  be  the 
moft  unreafonable  and  destructive  Courfe  to  the 
Hopes  and  Expectations  of  the  Godly  that  can  be 
imagined  :  And  therefore  I  humbly  conceive,  that 
if  the  King's  Offers  were  fo  large  as  we  defire,  yet 
in  no  Cafe  ought  we  to  yield  that  he  fhould  come 
hither  till  they  are  all  pafs'd  into  Acts.' 

Sir  Henry  Mildmay  clofed  the  Debate  with  mo- 
ving the  Houfe  to  declare  againft  the  Propofitions 
from  the  King  without  Delay.'  —  And  accordingly 
we  find  by  the  Commons  Journals,  that  the  Houfe 
refolved,  that  they  approved  of  the  Conduct  of  their 

Com- 


^ENGLAND. 

Commiflioners    in  refufing  to   receive  the  King's An 
Propofitions,    and    declared  the    Unfatisfa&orinefs 
thereof.     They  alfo   ordered  the  Thanks   of  the 
Houfe  to  be  returned   them,    and  a   Letter  to  be 
prepared   accordingly  by  Sir  John  Evelyn  and  Mr.  Bo 
Knigbtley,  to  befigned  by  their  Speaker.  ^  This  be-J 
ing  fent  up  to  the  Lords,  they  gave  their  Concur- 
rence, and  it  was  fent  away  to  the  Commiflioners, 
Tign'd  by  the  Speakers  of  both  Houfes,  as  follows  : 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

*  T  H  E  Houfes  of  Parliament,  upon  reading  ofAn 

_  ...  f  a  i        ^  •  i    their  Commifli- 

*  1      your  Letter  of  the  291*1  of  September,  with  oners  conduft. 

*  the  Papers  therein  contained,  and  in  Confideration 

*  thereof,    have    fully    approved   your  Proceeding?? 

*  therein,  in  refufing  the  Paper  delivered  unto  you 
£  by    the  King  which  they  have  fince  received,   it 
'  being  contrary  to  your  Inftructions,  and  no  way 

*  fatisfaclory  ;   and  the  Houfes  have  commanded  us 
'  to  return  you  their  Thanks  for  your  careful  and 
4  prudent  managing  of  that  Bufmefs  ;  and  do  dcfire 

*  that  you  continue    ftill  in  proceeding,  according 

*  to   your  Inftru&ions,  to  prefs  the   King  for  his 
'  Anfwer  to  the  Propofitions,  as  you  arc  by  them 
6  directed  j   the   Houfes  being  refolvcd    to  proceed 

*  that  Way,   and  not  otherwife  ;    and  that  you  do 

*  impart  unto  his  Majefty  thefe  Refolurions  and  Di- 

*  reciions.     This  being  all  we  have  in  Command, 
fi  we  remain 

TCour  affectionate  Friends  and  Servants, 

MANCHESTER, 
Speaker  of  the  Koufe  of  Peers. 

WILL.  LENTHALL, 

Speaker  of  the  Commons  Houfe 
in  Parliament. 

Oft.  4.  Mr.   Scawen  prefented  to  the  Houfe  of  Debate  ™  a  Let  • 
Commons  a  Letter  from   the  Lord-General  Fair-  JT^™  "™™1 
fax,  dated   at   St.  Albans,  Qftober   2,    reprefenting  p^y^lt  of  th? 
the  great    Complaints  made  to  him  touching  free  Amurs  I(IK- tf 
Qiiartcr,  and  deftring  fonie  Remedy,   by  providing1"8  Armyj 
B  3  timely 


22  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

.  24  Car.  I.  timely  and  conftant  Pay  for  the  Army.  Upon 
1648.  this  Occafion  many  Members  reprefented,  '  What 
a  Shame  it  was,  that  fo  gallant  an  Army  fhould  be 
fo  ill  rewarded,  as  not  to  be  allowed  an  ordinary 
Subfiftance;  and  what  a  Scandal  it  was  to  the 
Houfe  to  have  fuch  Clamours  and  Outcries  againft 
them  and  the  Army  all  over  the  Kingdom,  by 
reafon  of  free  Quarter,  which  might  have  been 
prevented,  if  the  AfTeffments  had  been  duly  and 
equa'ly  paid.'  This  was  further  urg'd  by  Mr. 
Ajbe  and  Mr.  Venn,  who  faid,  '  That  none  were 
more  faulty  that  Way  than  the  Citizens  of  Lon- 
don ^  they  being  in  Arrear  to  the  Army  many  thou- 
fand  Pounds.'  Mr.  Harvey  added,  '  That  to  his 
Knowledge  this  was  moft  true  ;  and  tho'  at  pre- 
fent  he  could  not  call  to  Mind  the  certain  Sum, 
yet,  by  To-morrow  he  would  give  the  Houfe  a 
further  Account  of  it.'  Accordingly, 

The  next  Day,  Mr.  Harvey  reported,   That  the 
Arrears  due  from  the  City  of  London  to  the  Army 
amounted  to  8o,ooo/.    '  This,  Mr.  Thomas  Cha- 
loner  faid  was  an  Argument  of  the  City's  high  In- 
gratitude to    the  Army    for    all    the    famous  and 
good  Services  dene  to  them  and  to  the  Kingdom; 
and  alfo  of  the  great  Modefty  and  good  Temper 
of  th-  Army  ;  who,   after  fo    many  Affronts   and 
Provocations  given  them  by   the   City,  before  and 
in   the    Bufmefs    of    Colcbefler^     had    neverthelefs 
•withdrawn  themfelves  with  fo  much  Patience,  and 
teen  content  fo  long  without  a  Farthing  of  their 
Arrears  :'    And   therefore  he  prefled  earneftly  that 
fome  fpeedy  Courfe  might  be  taken  for  the  Satis- 
faction of  the  Soldiery.     Hereupon  the  Commons 
fent  a  Meflage  to   the  Lords  defiring  them  to  ha- 
ften  the  Ordinance  then  depending  in  their  Houfe, 
for  better  Maintenance  of  the  Army  and  prevent- 
ing free  Quarter.     They  alfo  ordered  a  Committee 
to  wait  upon  the  Lord-General  Fairfax  at  St.  Al- 
bans,  and  take  Notice  of  his  good  Services  this  Sum- 
mer; to  congratulate  his  great  Succefs  therein;   to 
return  him  their  Thanks  for  his  valiant  Conduct  ; 
and  co  acquaint  him  what  the  Houfe  had  done  in 

confe- 


^ENGLAND.  23 

Confequence  of  his  Letter.    Tlic-y  likewife  ordered  An-  33Cai'- 
an  Ordinance  to  be  prepared  for  fettling  Lands  to 
the  Value  of  4OCO/.  per  Annum  on    him    and    his 
ILirs,  in  puriuanee  of  a  former  Vote  palled  for  that 
Purpofe. 

051.  5.  A  Motion  being  made  for  raifing  a  Win-  OnaMorionfor 
ter  Guard  at  Sea,  Mr.  Gourd™  dehred  this  might  onjCring  the 
not  be  done  till  the  Houfes  were  more  fure  of  the  LoH.  Admiral 
Lord-Admiral's  Affections  ;  For,  laid,  he,  Mr.  J^Vlm- 
Speak  r,  it  is  not  only  whifpered  among  the  Well-  <jtni 
affected,  but  openly  boafted  by  the  Cavaliers,  that 
my  Lord  Admiral  might  have  done  better  Service 
again  ft  the  Prince,  but  that  he  favoured  him,  by 
letting  him  lie  in  quiet  till  the  Dutch  had  both 
monied  and  victualled  all  the  revolted  Ships,  fo  as 
to  be  in  a  Condition  to  put  forth  to  Sea  ao,ain  when 
they  pleafe  ;  to  the  Difturbance  of  Traffick,  and 
to  the  Vexation  of  the  Kingdom ;  and  therefore, 
in  my  Opinion,  it  would  be  well  if  the  Lord- Ad- 
miral were  fent  for  home,  to  give  the  Houfe  Sa- 
tisfaction concerning  his  Conduct  in  this  Buil- 
nefs.  —  The  Intent  of  this  Motion  being  to  re- 
move the  Earl  of  Warwick,  whom  the  Indepen- 
dents apprehended  to  be,  fecretly,  well-affected  to 
a  Peace  with  the  King,  and  thereby  make  Way 
for  Vice-Admiral  Rainjborough  to  command  the 
Parliament's  Fleet ;  Sir  Henry  Mildmay^  after  fome 
Commendations  of  his  Lordfhip,  to  prevent  Sufpir 
cion  of  the  real  Defign  of  Mr.  Gourdon's  Motion, 
faid,  '  Though  he  conceived  no  Perfon  more  fit 
than  the  Earl  of  Wanvick  for  that  Employment, 
nor  in  whom  the  Houfe  might  repofe  more  Con- 
fidence; neverthelefs  he  fuppofed  it  might  be  very 
convenient  now,  iince  the  Prince  was  faid  to  be 
ready  for  putting  to  Sea,  to  fend  for  the  Lord- 
Admiral  to  come  up  and  advice  with  them  what 
Courfe  was  beft  to  be  taken  for  Advancement  of 
the  Sea  Service.'  In  Anfvver  to  this  another  Mem- 
ber flood  up  and  faid,  '  Mr.  Speaker,  if  the  Prince 
be  fo  ready  to  fet  forth  to  S?u  as  thefe  Gentlemen 
B  4  aflcrt, 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

.aflert,  I  conceive  there  is  far  more  Reafon  the 
Lord-Admiral  fhould  remain  on  Ship-board,  than 
venture  thus  far  afliore,  confidering  what  Incon- 
venience may  happen  to  the  Navy,  by  the  Abfence 
of  a  Commander  in  Chief,  in  fo  ticlclifh  a  Time  ; 
efpecially  feeing  that  Matter  of  Advice  from  the 
Houfe  may  be  as  well  communicated  to  him  by 
way  of  Inftru&ions,  as  if  he  were  prefent. — This 
Argument  had  fo  great  a  Weight,  that  the  Motion 
for  ordering  the  Lord-Admiral  to  come  up  to 
London  was  laid  afide  ;  and  the  Houfe  refolved 
That  a  Winter-Guard  of  2785  Men  be  forthwith 
fitted  out  for  Sea  Service,  with  all  neceflary  Provi- 
fions. 

Andalfou  on  a       ®^'  ^'  ^  Letter  from  Lord  Goring  (dated  IVind- 
Letter  from  the  for-CaJlle^  Off.  3)  was  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Corn- 
Lord  Goring,      mons,  fignifying  that  he  had  received  Notice  of  an 
JJ^j^tV  Impeachment  of  High  Treafon  being  then  depend- 
gainft  him.        ing  againft  him  in  that  Houfe  ;  whereas  they  could 
not  but  be    fenfible  of  the   Quarter  given  by  the 
Lord-General  Fairfax  to  the  Lord  Capel  andhim- 
felf,   as   mentioned   in  his    Excellency's    Letter  of 
the  2gth  of  Auguft  laft. 

A  Debate  arifmg  upon  this  Occafion,  a  Mo- 
tion was  made,  That  the  Impeachment  might  be 
forthwith  carried  up  to  the  Houfe  of  Lords,  with  a 
Defire  that  their  Lordfhips  would  appoint  a  fpeedy 
Day  for  the  Trial  of  the  Lord  Goring.  In  Oppo- 
fition  to  this  many  Members  urg'd,  *  How  incon- 
venient fo  fevere  a  Ccurfe  would  be  in  the  very 
Inftant  of  a  Treaty,  the  Intent  whereof  was  to 
bury  the  Remembrance  of  ail  former  Differences  ; 
befides,  it  would  feem  the  more  flrange,  after  fo  long 
Quarter  for  Life  given  by  the  Lord  Fairfax  ;  and 
therefore  they  mov'd  for  putting  off  this  Bufmefs  at 
prefent  ;  and  that,  in  the  mean  Time,  a  Letter 
might  be  fent  to  that  General,  defiring  him  to  ex- 
plain that  PafTige  in  his  Letter  wherein  he  fig- 
nified  to  the  Houfe,  upon  the  Surrender  of  Col- 
chefler^  That  be  had  given  Quarter  for  L'.Je  to  the 

Lards 


a/*   ENGLAND.  25 

^ Goring,  Capel,  and  others,  but  referred  them  An<  -4-  Car-  '• 

to  the  Mercy  of    thf  Parliament.'     This   laft   Mo-    , 

tion  was  agreed  to,  and  a  Committee  appointed  to 
draw  up  a  Letter  to  be  fent  to  the  Lord  Fairfax 
accordingly. 

0<f7.  7.  The  following  Letter  from  Lieutenant- 
General  Cromwell,  was  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
-nions,  addrefs'd  to  their  Speaker  (a). 

SIR,  Berwick,  Off.  2,  1648. 

*  T  Have  formerly  reprefented  to  the  Committee  General  Crom- 
c  A  at   Derby-Houfi,  how  far  I  have  profecuted  *el|£  £"""£ 

*  your  Bufmefs  in  relation  to  the  Commands  I  did  ings  ;„  Scotland, 
'  receive  from  them  ;  to  wit,  That  I  having  fent  a  and  of  the  Sur- 

*  Party  of  Horfe  with  a  Summons  to.  Berwick,  and  a  ^"'k^  Ca^ifle 

*  Letter  to  the  Committee  of  Eftatcs,  which  I  fup-  to  the  Engliflu 

*  pofed  did  confift  ot  the  Earl  of  Lanerk  and   his 

*  Participates  ;  and  a  Letter  of  Kindnefs   and  Af- 
'  fedlion  to  the  Marquis  of  Argyle,  and  the  well- 
'  afFe&ed  Party  in  Arms  at  Edinburgh,  with   Cre- 

*  dence  to  Colonel  Bright  and  Mr.  William  Rowe, 
'  Scoutmafter  of  the  Army,  to  let  them  know  up- 

*  on  what  Grounds,  and  with  what  Intentions  we 

*  came  into  their  Kingdom  ;  and  how  that,  in  the 

*  mean  Time,  the  Marquis   of  Argyle  and   the  reft 
'  at  Edinburgh,  had  fent  Sir  Andreiv  Can;  Laird  of 

*  Gramheats,  and   Major   Strachan   to  me,  with   a 

*  Letter  and  Paper  of  Inftru&ions,  expreffing  their 
'  good  Affection  to  the  Kingdom  of  England,  and 

*  difclaiming  the   late  Engagement ;  together  with 

*  my  Anfwcr  to  the  faid  Letters  and  Papers,  Dupli- 
'  cates  of  all  which  I  fent  to  the  Committee  at 
'  Deriy-Houfe,  and  therefore  forbear  to  trouble  yoti 
'  with  the  Things  themfelves  (b). 

*  I  think  it  now  fit  to  give  you  an  Account  what 
'  further  Progrefs  hath  been  made  in  your  Bufmefs  : 
'  The  two  Armies  being  drawn  up,  the  one  under 

«  Lanerk 

(a)  From  the  Original  Edition,  printed  by  Edward  Ha/bands,  by 
Order  of  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  QElobtr  10,   1648. 

(b)  All  thefe  may  be  found  in  our  SeventecnUi  Volume,  p.  4Si> 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

'  Lanerk  and  Monro  at  Stirling)  and  the  other 
4  under  the  Earl  of  Leven  and  Lieutenant-General 
'  LeJIey,  betwixt  that  and  Edinburgh,  the  Heads  of 
4  the  two  Armies  being  upon  Treaties  concerning 
'  their  .own  Affairs  ;  and  I  having  given,  as  I  hop'd, 
'  fufHcient  Satisfaction  concerning  the  Juftice  of 

*  your  Caufe,  and  the  Clearness  of  my  Intentions 
'  in  entering  that  Kingdom,  did   (on  Tburfday  the 
'  2 1  ft   of  September,  and    two   Days    before,  the 

*  Tweed  being  fordable)   march  over  that  River  at 

*  Norbam,    into  Scotland,  with  four  Regiments  of 

*  Horfe,  and  fome   Dragoons,  and  fix  Regiments 
'  of  Foot,  and  there  quartered,  my  Head-Quarters 

*  being  at  the  Lord  Mordington1  s  Houfe  ;    where, 
c  hearing    that    the  Marquis  of  Argyle^  the  Lord 
c  Elcbo,  and  fome  others  were  coming  to  me  from 
'  the  Committee  of  Eftates  aflembled  at  Edinburgh, 
<  I  went,  on    Friday  the  22d  of   September,  fome 
e  Part  of  the  Way  to  wait  upon  his  Lordfhip  ; 
e  who  when  he  was   come  to    his  Quarters,  de- 
c  livered  me   a  Letter  of  which  this  inclofed  is  a 

*  Copy,  figned  by  the  Lord  Chancellor,  by  War- 
e  rant  of    the    Committee  of   Eftates    and    fome 

*  Time  was  fpent  in  giving  and  receiving  mutual 

*  Satisfaction  concerning  each  other's  Integrity  and 
4  Clearnefs,  wherein  I  muft  be  bold  to  teftify  for 

*  that  noble  Lord  the   Marquis,  the  Lord  Elcbo, 
'  and  the  other  Gentlemen  with  him,   that  I  have 

*  found  nothing  in  them  but  what  becomes  Chri- 

*  ftians  and  Men  of  Honour. 

*  The  next  Day  it  was  refolved,  That  the  Com- 
e  mand  of  the  Committee  of  Eftates  to  the  Gover- 

*  nor  of  Berwick  for  rendering  the  Town,  fhould 

*  be  fent  to  him  by  the  Lord  Elcbo  and  Col.  Scot, 

*  which  accordingly   was  done ;    but  he,  pretend- 

*  ing  that  he  had  not  received  the  Command   of 
'  that  Place  from  thofe  Hands  that  now  demanded 

*  it  of  him,  defired  Liberty  to  fend  to  the  Earl  of 
8  Lanerk,  engaging  himfelf  then  to  give  his  pofitive 

*  Anfwer,  and  intimating  it  fhould  be  fatisfa&ory. 

'  Whilft    thefe  Things  were   in    tranfa&ing,   I 
'  ordered   Major-General  Lambert  to   march   to-r 

*  wards 


gf    ENGLAND.  27 

6  wards  Edinburgh,  with    fix  Regiments  of  Horfe,  A*.  ^r- 

*  and  a  Regiment  of   Dragoons ;  who  accordingly  , J_^_ 

4  did  fo,   and  quartered  in  Eajl  Lvtbittn,  within  iix        odober. 
4  Miles  of  Edinburgh,  the  Foot  lying  in  his  Pvear  at 
'  Copperfpetb  and  thereabouts. 

1  Upon  Friday,    Sept.    29,    came  an  Order  from, 

*  the  Earl  of  Lantrk,  and  divers  other  Lords  of  his 

*  Party,    requiring   the    Governor  of  Berwick    to 
c  march  out  of  the   Town,  which   accordingly  he 
«  did  on  Saturday  Stpf.   30,  at  which  Time  I  en- 
'  tered.     Having  placed  a  G-arrifon  there  for  ybur 

*  Ufe,    the  Governor  would    fain    have  ca-pitula- 

*  ted  for  the  Englijh,  but  we  having  this  Advan- 
'  tage  upon   him,  would  not  hear  of  it ;    fo    that 

*  they  are  fubmitted  to  your  Mercy,  and  are  under 
«  the  Confideration  of  Sir  Arthur  Hefilrig,  who,  I 

*  believe,   will  give  you  a  good  Account  of  them, 
«  and  who  hath  already  turned  out  the   malignant 
«  Mayor,  and  put  an  honeft  Man  in  his   room  :  I 
<  have  alfo  received  an  Order  for  the  Surrender  of 
«  Carlifle^  and  have  fentCol.  Bright  with  Horfeand 
«  Foot  to  receive  it.     Sir  Andrew  Carr  and   Col. 
«  Scot  are  gone  with  him  to  require  an  Obfervancc 
c  of  the  Order,  there    having  been  a  Treaty  and 
«  an  Agreement  betwixt  the   two  Parties  in  Arms 
«  in    Scotland,  to  difband    all  Forces,  except  1500 
'  Horfe  and  Foot  under  the  Earl  of  Leven^  which 
4  are   to  be  kept  up  to   fee   all  remaining  Forces 
4  di (banded  :    And  having  fome   other    Things  to 

*  defire  from  the  Committee  of  Eftates  at  Edin- 

*  burgh  for  your  Service,   I  am  myfelf  going  thither- 
'  ward  this  Day,   and  fo  foon  as  I  fliall  be  able  to 
'  give  you  a  further  Account  thereof,  I  fliall  do  it : 

*  In  the  mean  Time  I  make  it  my  Defire,    That 
'  the  Garrifon  of  Berwick  (into  which  I  have  placed 
'  a  Regiment  of  Foot,  and  fhall  be  attended  allo  by 

*  a  Regiment  of  Horfe)  may  be  provided  for  ;  and 
4  that  Sir  Arthur  Hefelrig  may  receive  Commands  tt> 
'  fupply  it  with  Guns  and  Ammunition  from  New- 
'  caftle,  and  be  otherwife  enabled  by  you  to  furnifh 

*  this  Garrifon  with  all  other  Neceflaries  according 

*  as  a  Place  of  that  Importance  will  require. 

5  '  De- 


28  ^ he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  C". -I       e  Defiring  that  thefe  Mercies  may  beget  Truft 
, e  and  Thankfulnefs  to  God  the  only  Author  of  them, 
'  and  an  Improvement  of  them  to  his  Glory  and  the 
'  Good  of  this  poor  Kingdom,  I  reft 

four  moji  humble  Servant, 

O.  CROMWELL. 

The  LETTER  from  the  Earl  of  LOUDON  to  General 
CROMWELL,  above  referred  to. 

SIR,  Edinburgh,  Sept,  30,   1648. 

'  \\7  ^  receive<*  tnis   Day  two    Letters    from 

*  W    you,  the  one  directed  to  the  Marquis  of 
«  Argyle  and  others,  being  a  Letter  of  Credence  to 
«  Col.    Bright,    Scoutmafter-General    Rowe,    and 
4  Mr.  Stapylton;   the  other  directed  to   the  Com- 

<  mittee  of  Eftates,  which  we  find  was  intended  for 

*  thofe  that  concurred  in  the  late  unlawful  Engage- 

*  ment  againft  England :  That  which  is  demand- 
'  ed  in  your    Letter  is,  The  Reftitution   of    the 
c  Towns  of  Berwick  and  Carlijle  into  your  Hands, 
'  for  the  Ufe  of  the  Parliament  and  Kingdom   of 

*  England.     We  doubt  not  but  you  know  that  we 

*  diflented   from,    and  protefted  in  Parliament    a- 
'  gainft,  that  finful  Engagement  againft  your  Na- 

*  tion ;  and,  particularly,  againft  the  feizing  of  the 

<  Towns  of  Berwick  and  Carlijle ;  which,  together 
'  with  our  late  Sufferings  and  prefent  Actions,   are 

*  clear    Teftimonies   how  much  we  diftafted  and 
'  abhorred  that  Invafion,  and  the  Violation  of  the 

*  Covenant  and  Treaties  betwixt  the  Kingdoms. 

*  Before  we  received  your  Letter,  we  wrote  unto 
c  you  by  Sir  Andrew   Carr   of  Greenhead  (c),    and 

*  Major  Strachan,  upon  the   1 6th  of  this  Inftant, 

*  to  acquaint   you  with  our  Condition,   and  our 

*  Refolutions  to  contribute  our  beft  Endeavours  that 
'  the  Garrifons  of  Berwick  and  Carlijle  might  be 
'  reduced,   and  thefe  Towns  reftored  to  the  King- 
'  dom  of  England,  to  whom  of  Right  they  do  be- 

'  long  ; 

(<:)  In  other  Papers  relating  to  this  Affair,  this  Gentleman  is 
Lairi  of  Gramlfiitt* 


^ENGLAND.  29 

'  long  ;  and  having  lately  intercepted  a  Letter  fent  An.  24  Car.  i. 

*  from  Lodowick  Lejley,  now  Governor  of  Berwick,  ^^         ' _^ 
4  to  the  Earl  of  Lanerk,  or  in  his  Abfence  to  the 

*  Committee  of  Eftates,  dehring  their  Directions 
4  what  to  do  upon  your  Approach,   we  had,  be- 

*  fore  the  Receipt  of  your  Letters,  refolved  to  fend 

*  fome  from  us,  with  Directions  to  Lodowick  Lejley 
6  to  deliver  that  Garrifon  to  you  ;  there  being  here 

*  a  Quorum  of  the  Committee  of  Eftates,  confuting 
"  only  of  fuch  Members  of  Parliament  as  protefted 
'  againft  the  Engagement :  And  now,  upon  Con- 
4  fideration  of  your  Letters,  we  have  immediately 

*  iffued  Orders  to  the  Governors  of  Berwick  and 
'  Carlijle,   forthwith    to   deliver  thefe  Garrifons  ; 

*  which  if  they  {hall  not  obey,  we  {hall,  to  the  ut- 

*  moft  of  our  Power,  concur  to  have  them  reduced  : 

*  And  to  the  end  our  Orders  herein  may  be  the  more 
4  readily  obeyed,  we  have  alfo  fent  the  Marquis  of 

*  Argyki  Lord  Elcho,  Col.  Scot,   and  Col.    George 
4  Porterfield,  to  Berwick,  with  Inftruclions  to  fee 
4  this  fpeedyly  put  in  Execution. 

4  We  do  account  it  a  fpecial  Providence,  that 
4  at  the  fame  Time  when  we  are  in  this  Pofture, 

*  the  Forces  of  the  Kingdom  of  England  are  at  fo 
4  near  a  Diftance ;    which  Opportunity  we  hope 
•*  mall  be  improved  to  the  beft  Advantage  for  pur- 

*  fuing  the  common  Enemies  of  both  Kingdoms, 

*  and    for  fupprefiing  all  that  (hall  endeavour  to 

*  difturb  our  Peace. 

*  What  further  we  have  to  fay,  fhall  be  com- 
4  municated  to  you  by  our  Commiffioners,  to  whom 
4  we  defire  you  to  give  full  Credit  in  all  Things 
4  which  they  ihall  fay  unto  you  in  the  Name  of 

Tour  affeclionate  Friends 

and  humble  Servants^ 
Subfcribed  by  Warrant  of  the  Committee 
ofEfl^ly  LOUD  ON,  a*.' 

The  Commons,  after  reading  thefe  Letters,  paf- 
fed  a  Vote  in  Approbation  of  General  CromwelPs 

Pro- 


3  o  T&e  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24C,ir.  I.  Proceedings,  and    ordered  a  Gratuity-  of  ioo/.  to 
1648.        the  Mefienger  that  brought  the  New*.     Both  thefe 
October        Refolutions  they  fent  up  to  the  Lords  for  their  Con- 
currence, which  was  given  as  deiired. 

The  Parliament          r\n.  <T>I        TT       r        r    T        i  n     i 

declare  their  Ap-  6*»  9.  I  he  Houie  of  Lords  was  called  over, 
probation  of  Ge-  according  to  an  Order  of  the  fecond  of  this  Month, 
d  ^omweli  s  wnen  only  17  Peers  were  prefem  viz.  the  Earls  or" 
Denbigh,  Kent,  Lincoln,  Rutland,  Mulgrave,  Not- 
tingham, and  Suffolk  ;  the  Vifc.  Hereford;  the  Lords 
Berkley,  North,  Howard,  Grey  of  Warke,  Hunfdon, 
Wharton,  Bruce,  Maynard,  and  D  acres.  The 
Earls  of  Northumberland,  Pembroke,  Soli/bury 
.Middlefex,  and  the  Vifcount  %  and  Sele,  were 
attending  upon  the  King  as  Commiffioners  for 
the  Treaty  in  the  Ifle  of  Wight  ;  and  the  Earl  of 
Warwick  with  the  Fleet  ;  the  Earl  of  Oxford 
was  excufed,  he  being  then  coming  up  purfuant 
to  Summons;  the  Earis  of  Manchester  and  Stain- 
ford,  and  Lord  Montague,  ficic  ;  the  Lord  Roberts 
and  other  Peers,  excufed  for  different  Reafons. 
Small  as  this  Number  may  be  thought  that  ap- 
peared upon  the  Call,  yet  it  rmght  well  be  deem'd 
a  full  Houfe  ;  for  fo  many  Peers  had  been  fufpend- 
ed  and  difqualified  upon  one  Pretence  or  another, 
that  it  was  very  fcldom  twelve  met  to  do  Bu- 
finefs. 


«'uDon  Ot1  I0-  Three  ver7  remarkable  Petitions  were 
Delinquents"  Pbe-  this  Day  prefentcd  to  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  all 
fore  a  Treaty  be  of  them  relating  to  the  Treaty  now  on  Foot  between 
concluded  with  the  £mg  aruj  Parliament. 

The  firft  of  them,  brought  in  by  Mr.  Cornelius 
Holland,  was  intituled  The  humble  Petition  of  the 
Mayor,  Aldermen,  Sheriff's,  Common-Council  Men, 
and  others  well-offered  of  the  Toivn  of  Newcaftle? 
upon  Tyne,  in  which  the  Petitioners  defired,  That 
the  Houfe  would  be  pleafed,  before  the  Treaty  be 
ended,  to  execute  impartial  and  fpeedy  Juftice 
upon  the  greateft  Offenders  and  Incendiaries  of  the 
Kingdom,  the  Fomenters  of,  and  A&ors  in,  the 

firft 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  31 

Jirft  aivJ  fecond  War;    till  when,  they    could    not  An  24  Car. I. 

expcft  any  Bleffing  upon  this  Treaty  ;   and  that  in  v '-^J , 

fo  doing  the  Houlcs  could  not  want  the  Aflillance      odober* 
ol"  God  or  Man. 

The  fecond  was  prcfented  by  Alderman  HoyJe  of 
Yorke,  in  the  Name  of  the  Gentlemen,  Minijlers, 
Freeholders  and  other  Inhabitants  of  the  County  and 
City  of  York,  vaell  affetled  to  the  Safety  of  the 
Kingdom,  and  the  Honour  of  the  Parliament^  in 
which  they  exprefled  their  Admiration  at  the  dif- 
fipating  the  defperate  Attempts  of  the  Parliament's 
lubtle  and  malicious  Enemies,  and  defeating  the 
numerous  Forces  raifed  this  Summer ;  which  De- 
fign  had  been  long  in  hatching  before  it  broke  forth  j 
and  complaining,  That  notvvithftanding  all  the  Ad- 
vantages and  Opportunities  which  God  hath  put 
into  the  Parliament's  Hands,  dy  defeating  all  the 
Enemies  of  the  Kingdom,  yet  that  none  of  thefe 
had  been  imp'-ov'd  as  they  ought,  by  executing  of 
Jufticc  upon  Offenders,  efpecially  upon  fuch  as 
had  polluted  the  Land  with  Blood ;  his  Majefty 
having  confefs'd  himfelf  and  his  Party  to  be  guilty 
thereof:  The  Petitioners  therefore  humbly  defired, 
That  there  might  not  be  a  Forfeiture  made  of  all  ' 
the  great  Experience  of  God's  Mercies  in  deftroy- 
ing  thofe  treacherous  and  implacable  Enemies ; 
but  that,  according  to  the  Declaration  of  Parlia- 
ment, their  Proteftation  and  Solemn  Covenant, 
exemplary  Juftice  might  be  executed  upon  thofe 
Offenders,  without  Partiality  or  Delay  ;  and  that 
their  Eftates  might  go  towards  difcharging  the  Ar- 
rears of  the  Soldiery  and  other  public  Debts,  that 
God  might  be  thereby  glorified  and  the  Land 
eleanfed  from  Blood. 

The  third  Petition  was  brought  in  by  Serjeant 
Wylde^  (lately  returned  from  the  IVeftern  Circuit, 
where  he  had  a&ed  as  Judge  of  Aflize)  in  the 
Name  of  the  Grand  Jury  of  the  County  of  So- 
merfet.  This  laft  ran  in  a  much  higher  Strain  than 
the  other^  two  ;  for  thefe  Petitioners  declared  ab- 
folutely  againft  the  Treaty  itfelf;  affirming  it  to 
be  the  laft  Refuge  of  the  ICing  and  his  Party,  for 
5  the 


October. 


Debate  there- 
•upon. 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

the  Ruin  of  God's  People :  That  it  was  firft  fet 
on  Foot  by  them,  and  none  but  they  expected  to 
receive  any  Benefit  by  it:  That  tho*  all  the  Pro-" 
pofitions  mould  be  fign'd  by  the  King,  yet  they 
look'd  for  little  Security  from  thence ;  for  that 
when  he  fliould  be  reftored,  the  adverfe  Party  would 
foon  find  Means  to  recover  their  Ends,  and  enfiave 
all  that  had  engaged  for  the  Liberties  of  the  People  ; 
They  therefore  demanded  that  Juflice  be  executed 
upon  all  Delinquents,  from  the  higheft  to  the  loweft, 
without  Exception. 

Thefe  Petitions  being  read,  a  Member  ftood 
up  and  fpoke  to  this  Effect ;  '  Mr.  Speaker,  I  fup- 
pofe  we  ought  not  to  trifle  away  our  Time,  and 
diflionour  ourfelvcs,  by  debating  thefe  Petitions  ; 
for  it  is  now  grown  to  a  Cuftom  for  all  Sorts  ot 
People  to  intermeddle  in  Affairs  of  State,  and  vent 
their  own  Senfe  and  Humours  under  the  Notion  of 
a  Petition.  It  cannot  but  reflect  upon  the  Honour 
of  the  Houfe  to  give  Countenance  to  fuch  Courfes 
as  thefe,  and  for  us  to  fuffer  ourfelves  to  be  acted 
and  fet  on  Work  by  Perfons  without  Doors,  and 
to  have  our  Proceedings  directed  and  take  their 
Rife  from  fuch  Extravagancies  as  are  uttered  by 
pragmatical  Petitioners  at  every  Turn,  whofe  Duty 
it  is  rather  to  acquiefce  in  the  Judgment  and  Wif- 
dom  of  the  Houfe.' 

This  Speech  gave  great  Offence  to  the  whole 
Independent  Party,  and  particularly  to  Mr.  Gour-> 
don,  Mr.  Venn,  Mr.  Harvey,  Mr.  Hoyle,  and  others, 
who  had  appeared  in  Favour  of  the  Petitions. 
Thefe  argued,  '  That  the  Blood  of  the  People  be- 
ing (lied,  it  would  be  required  fomewherej  and 
that  if  the  Houfe  did  not  do  Juftice,  now  it  was  in 
their  Power,  upon  their  capital  Enemies,  from  the 
higheft  to  the  loweft,  who  had  a  hand  in  the  for- 
mer or  latter  Wars,  there  was  no  Queftion  but  all 
the  Blood  would  be  required  at  their  Hands  j  and 
therefore,  to  remove  the  Guilt  of  it  from  them- 
ftlves,  they  defired  a  Committee  might  be  appoint- 
ed to  confider  of  a  certain  Number  of  Perfons  to 
be  fele&ed  out  of  the  old  and  new  Delinquents, 

and 


^ENGLAND.  33 

and  propounded  to  the  Houfe  to  be  excepted  from  An-  24  Car-  I« 
Mercy,    and  poceeded  againft  as  capital  Offend-  ,     *6*8'      t 

ers*'  October. 

To  this  Motion  it  was  objected,  e  That  of  the 
thirty-eight  Perfons  formerly  excepted  out  of 
Mercy,  in  the  Propofitions  then  fent  to  the  King, 
it  had  fince  been  the  fettled  Refolution  of  the 
Houfe.  in  thefe  laft-  Propofit'ons,  to  proceed  capi- 
tally only  againft  feven  ;  and  now  to  pitch  upon  a 
greater  Number  of  Delinquents  than  thofe  prefent- 
ed  heretofore,  would  argue,  that  they  neither  re- 
garded the  public  Faith  of  Parliament,  nor  had  a 
Mind  to  any  Settlement  at  all,  if  the  Treaty  were 
to  be  difturbed  by  adding  new  Propofitions  to  thofe 
already  prefented  to  his  Majefty  as  a  fit  Founda- 
tion whereon  to  build  a  fafe  and  well-grounded 
Peace ;  which  no  Man  would  conceive  to  be  really 
intended,  if  the  Treaty  fhould  be  fprinkled  with 
Blood.'  It  was  alfo  obferved,  '  That  the  late  In- 
furrections  in  Kent  and  EJJex>  and  of  the  Earl  of 
Holland,  and  the  holding  out  of  Colchejler  and  di- 
vers other  Places  in  the  Kingdom,  were  acted  be- 
fore the  Parliament  fent  their  Commiflioners  to 
treat  with  the  King :  And  therefore,  if  they  had 
intended  to  proceed  capitally  againft  any  of  the 
Perfons  engaged  in  thofe  Defigns,  they  {hould  have 
fent  the  Exception  of  them  along  with  the  Propo- 
fitions ;  but  that  it  was  now  too  late  to  make  new 
Exceptions,  which  would  be  contradicting  the  Re- 
folutions  of  the  Houfe  laid  down  in  the  Propo- 
fitions already  fent.' 

In  Anfwer  to  this  Mr.  Weaver  alledged,  '  That 
the  Houfe  was  bound  by  the  Covenant  to  bring  all 
Delinquents  to  Punifhment.'  To  which  it  was 
replied,  *  That  it  was  true  the  Covenant  did  bind 
them  to  bring  all  Delinquents  to  Punifhment ;  but 
it  was  not  meant  that  the  Punifhment  fhould  ex- 
tend, upon  all,  to  Blood  ;  but  that,  at  the  Difcre- 
tion  of  the  Houfe,  it  might  be  pecuniary.  More- 
over, that  when  God  did  punifh  any  Nation  with 
a  War,  and  brought  doubtful  Cafes  to  the  Trial  of 
the  Sword,  he  did  not  expc6l  the  Magiftrate  fhould 
VOL.  XVIII.  C  take 


34  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Ao.  24  Car.  I.  take  an  Account  of  the  Blood  fo  (bed,  but  referv'tf 
*-.  *6*8'    j     tne  Account  of  it  to  his  own  fecret  Judgment : 
Oftobtr.       And  therefore,  when  ^W^  kill'd  Abner^   the  Com- 
plaint againft  Joab  was  not,  that  he  had  (bed  the 
Blood  of  War,  but  that  he  had  {hed  the  Blood  of 
War  in  Time  of  Peace :  Whereas  if  the   Magi- 
ftrate  fhould  take  Notice  of  Blood  {hed  in  War, 
then  the  Wives  and  Children  of  all  Men  that  had 
been  flain  in  this  War,  might   have   Appeals  of 
Murder  againft  thofe  who  killed  them.* 

Hereupon  Mr.  Serjeant  Wylde  flood  up  and  faid, 
'  He  denied  that  Doctrine,  which  taught  that  the 
Civil  Magiftrate  could  not  take  Notice  of  the  Blood 
fbed  in  War :  That  fuch  an  Affertion  was  de- 
itructive  to  the  very  Being  of  the  Parliament,  in 
regard  Men  might  rebel  as  often  as  they  would, 
arid  then  if  they  did  but  get  into  the  Field,  they 
were  out  of  Danger  of  being  called  to  Account/ 

Mr.  Denait  Bond  faid,  «  We  have  had,  Mr. 
Speaker,  many  Doctrines  preached  here  by  feveral 
Gentlemen  againft  the  Power  of  this  Houfe  ;  fuch 
as,  that  we  cannot  try  my  Lord  of  Norwich^  but 
by  his  Peers,  becaufe  it  is  againft  Magna  Cbarta  j 
but  I  truft  ere  long  to  fee  the  Day  when  we  may 
have  Power  to  hang  the  greateft  Lord  of  them  allr 
if  he  deferves  it,  without  Trial  by  his  Peers ;  and 
I  doubt  not  but  we  fhall  have  honeft  refolute 
Judges  to  do  it,  notvvithftanding  Magna  Charta.' 

Colonel  White  faid,  '  There  was  a  quicker  Way 
to  rid  their  Hands  of  all  Delinquents  -r  and  that 
was  by  Martial  Law :  And  therefore  he  moved, 
'  That  an  Ordinance  might  be  patted  to  try  them 
all  that  Way ;  that  fo  the  People  might  be  no- 
longer  deluded  in  their  Expectation  of  Juftice/ 
Hereupon,  another  Member,  finding  fo  earneft  a  De- 
mand for  Juftice,  ftood  up  and  faid,  *  Mr.  Speaker, 
I  conceive  Gentlemen  miftake  the  Meaning  of 
thefe  Petitions  in  demanding  Juftice  upon  all  De- 
linquents ;  for  I  fuppofe  the  People  look  for  na 
other  Juftice,  but  that  all  Members,  and  Officers 
intrufted,  fhould  be  brought  to  give  up  their  Ac- 
counts for  all  public  Monies  received,  and  feque- 
2  ftred 


^.ENGLAND.  35 

ftred  Eftates,  and  the  like  ;  which  Kind  of  Juftlce  An,  54  Car.l. 
would,  in  my  Apprehenflon,  pleafe  the  People  far  t  ''*4»'  ^ 
better  than  the  fliedding  of  Blood/  oaober. 

Sir  John  Evelyn^  of  WtUit  finding  the  Petitioners 
thus  warmly  oppofed  by  fom«  Gentlemen,  and 
ridiculed  by  others,  moved,  in  order  to  bring  them 
off  with  the  better  Grace,  That,  to  prevent  giv- 
ing any  farther  Offence,  thefe  Petitions  might  be 
laid  afide  till  they  faw  the  Event  of  the  Treaty ; 
which  if  it  took  no  Effect,  then  the  Houfe  might 
refume  the  Confideration  of  them,  or  not,  at  their 

Difcretion.' And  fo  this  Matter  dropp'd.     Ne- 

verthelefs  the  Commons  ordered  their  Thanks  to 
be  given  to  Serjeant  Jfylde?  (who,  as  before  ob- 
ferved,  brought  in  the  laft  of  thefe  Petitions)  for 
his  great  and  good  Service  done  to  the  Parliament, 
in  the  late  Circuit  he  rode  as  one  of  the  Juftices  of 
Affize. 

In  that  Circuit  the  Serjeant  had  dire£bd  the 
Grand  Jury,  at  Wmchejler^  to  put  an  Ignoramus 
upon  a  Bill  of  Indictment  preferred  againft  Major 

Ralph    for    intending   to   murder    the  King. 

Of  this  Affair  we  have  already  taken  Notice  in  our 
Seventeenth  Volume,  and  fome  further  Particulars 
will  ftiortly  appear  in  the  fubfequent  Tranfadtions 
of  this  Month. 

Many  Days  had  now  parted  without  any  Intel- 
ligence from  the  Jjle  of  Wight :  But, 

Off.  n.  The  Houfe  of  Lords  received  the  fol- 
lowing Letter  from  their  Commiffioners,  with  fe- 
veral  Papers  inclofed,  which  were  all  read  as  fol- 
lows : 

For  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  MANCHESTER, 
Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tempore,  at 
Weftminfter. 

My  Lord>  Newport^  Oft.  o,   1648.    ALmerfrom 

-  _  _  _  Y,    ,  f  .  .   the  Parliament'! 

\JU  *   herewith   prefent   your   Lordlhip  with  commiffioners, 
'    VV    an  Account  of  our  Proceedings  upon  the  inclofmg  feveral 

*  Proportions  concerning  the  Church  and  the  Mi-  Pagp J/chJIch 

C    2  *   Htia  l  and  the  MiJitR 


Parliamentary  H I  s  f  6  R  Y 

litia ;  and  for  the  Particulars  we  refer  to  the  Pa- 
*  pers  inclofed.  We  have  this  Evening  delivered 
'  his  Majefty  a  Paper  upon  the  Propofitions  con- 
'  cerning  Ireland.  We  remain 

Your  Lordjhip's 

Mojl  humble  and  faithful  Servant^ 

PEMBROKE  and  MONT-      MIDDLESRX, 
GOMERY,  SAY  and  SELE. 

SALISBURY, 

The  KING'S  Firft  PAPER,  irr  Anfwer  to  the  Pro- 
pofition  for  the  CHURCH. 

CHARLES  R.       NewP°rt>  $*&•  3°>  l64&- 

JN  Anfwer  to  your  Paper  of  the  i$th  of  September, 
•*  1648,  wherein  you  defer e  his  Majejly' s  Royal 
Ajfent  to  the  Propofitions,  Billi,  and  Ordinances 
therein  mentioned  concerning  the  Church  : 

His  Majejly  will  confent  that  the  calling  and  fitting 
efthe  AJfembly  of  Divines  at  Weftminfter  be,confirmed 
for  three  Years  by  Aft  of  Parliament  : 

And  will,  by  Aft  of  Parliament,  confirm  for  thrde 
Years  the  Directory  for  the  public  Worjhip  of  God  in 
the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Do- 
minion of  Wales  : 

And  will  likewife  confirm  for  three  Years,  by  Aft 
of  Parliament,  the  Form  of  Church  Government 
which  you  have  prefented  to  him,  to  be  ufed  in  the 
Churches  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion  of 
Wales.  ' 

Provided  that  bis  Majejly,  and  thofe  of  his  Judg- 
ment, or  any  others  who  cannot  in  Confcience  fub- 
mit  thereunto,  be  not  in  the  mean  Time  obliged  to 
comply  with  the  faid  Government  or  Form  of  Wor- 
jhip,  but  have  free  Pr  aft  ice  of  their  own  Profef- 
fion  j  and  that  a  free  Confultation  and  Debate  f>t 
had  with  the  Ajfembly  of  Divines  at  Weftminfter 
in  the  mean  Time,  (twenty  of  his  Majejly  s  No- 
mination 


^ENGLAND.  37 

•nunation   being  added  unto   them)    whereby    it   may  An*  24  c^.  '• 

te  determined  by  his  Majejly  and  his  two  Houfes  of  ^^  ^ 

Parliament,  how  the  faid  Church  Government,  and 

Farm  of  public  Worjhip,  after  the  fold  Time,  may 

be  fettled,  or  (ooner,  if  Differences    may  be   agreed  j 

and  how  alfo  Reformation  of  Religion  may  be  fettled 

-within  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  and 

Dominion   of  Wales  ;  and  the  Articles  of  Chrijlian 

Religion  now  delivered  unto  him,  may,  in  like  Manner, 

be  then  confedered  of  and  determined,  and  Cure  taken 

for  the  Eafe  of  tender  Confciences. 

And  concerning  the  Hi/hops  Lands  and  Revenues  : 
his  Majcfty  confidering  that,  during  thefe  troublefome 
jTimes,  divers  of  his  Subjects  have  rnsde  Gort&ioBt  and 
Pur  chafes,  and  divers  others  have  dijburfed  -great  Sums 
of  Money  upon  Security  and  Engagement  of  thofe 
Lands  ;  his  Majejly  for  their  Satisfaction  will  confeni 
to  an  Aft  or  Acls  of  Parliament,  whereby  legal  EJlates 
for  Lives,  or  for  Years,  at  their  Choice,  not  exceeding 
Year 


ninety-nine  Years,  /ba}l  ie  'jnade  of  thofe  Lands,  to- 
wards the  Satisfaction  of  the  faid  Pur  chafen,  Con- 
traflors,  and  others,  to  whom  they  are  engaged,  at  the 
old  Rents,  or  fame  other  moderate  Rents,  whereby  they 
may  receive  Satisfaction. 

And  in  cafe  fuch  Leafes  Jhall  not  fuffice,  his  Majejfy 
will  propound  and  confent  to  feme  other  Way  for  their 
farther  Satisfaction. 

Provided  that  ihe  Property  and  Inheritance  of 
thofe  Lands  may  Jlill  remain  and  continue  to  ike 
CJhurch  and  Churchmen  refpecJively,  according  to  the 
pious  Intentions  of  the  Donors  and  Founders  thereof, 
and  the  Rents  that  Jhall  bf  r-fferved  be  for  their 
Maintenance. 

His  Majcjly  will  give  his  Royal  Ajfent  to  an  AR 
for  the  betfer  Obfervatian  of  the  Lord's  Day,  far 
fapprejjing  of  Innovations  in  Churches  and  Chapeh., 
in  and  about  the  IVorfoip  of  God,  and  for  the  better 
Advancement  of  the  Preaching  of  God's  Holy  Word 
in  all  Parts  of  this  Kingdom  ;  and  to  an  Aft  again/I 
enjoying  Pluralities  of  Benefices  by  Spiritual  Perfons 
end  Nen-Reftdtncy  -t  and  to  an  Acl  for 
C  3 


3  &1  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  z4  Car.  I.  and  reforming  both  the  Univerfities,  and  the  Colleges  of 
1648>     t  Weftminfter,  Winchefter,  and  Eaton. 
Oflober.  ^"  Majejty  will  confent   to  an  Att  for  the  letter 

Difcovery  andfpeedy  Conviction  of  Popijb  Recufants, 
as  is  defired  In  the  Proportions  : 

And  alfo  to  an  Att  for  the  Education  of  the  Chil- 
dren of  Papijis,  by  Proteftants,  in  the  Protejlant  Re- 
ligion : 

And  alfo  to  an  Aft  for  the  t)  ue  levying  of  the  Pe- 
nalties againjl  Papifts,  to  be  levied  and  difpofed  in  fuck. 
Manner  as  both  Houfes  Jhall  agree  on,  and  as  is  pro- 
pofed  on  his  Majejlfs  Behalf : 

And  alfo  to  an  Aft  to  prevent  the  P  raft  ices  of  Pa- 
pifts again/I  the  State,  and  for  putting  the  Laws  in 
Execution?  and  for  ajlritter  Course  to  prevent  hearing 
ar  faying  of  Mafs* 

But  as  to  the  Covenant,  his  Majejly  is  not  yet 
therein  fathfied,  that  he  can  either  Jign  or  fwear  ity 
or  confent  to  impofe  it  on  the  Confciences  of  others  ;  nor 
does  conceive  it  proper  or  ufeful  at  this  Time  to  be  in- 
flfted  sn. 

77;<?  COMMISSIONERS  REPLY  to  the  KING'S  Firft 
ANSWER  to  the  Proportion  concerning  the  CHURCH. 

Newport,  Sept.  30,  1648. 
have  confidered  of  your  Majefty's  Paper, 
given  in  to  us  this  Moining,  in  Anfwer 

*  to  ours  of  the  25th  Inftant,   prefented   unto  you 
*•  concerning  the  Church  ;  and  do  find  in  it  many 
c  Omiflions,  Alterations,  and  fome  Denials  of  fe^ 

*  veral  Particulars  which  we  there  have  humbly 

*  defired  j  as  namely  thefe  : 

Firft,  *  Your  Majefty  faith  nothing  of  confent- 

*  ing  to  a  Bill  for  the  utter  abolifhing  and  taking 

*  away  of  Archbi{hops,  Bifhops,  &c.  out  of  the 
1  Churches  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion 
«  of  Wales. 

Secondly,  '  You  exprefs   not  your  Confent,  ac- 

*  cording  as  it  is  defired,  that  the  Ordinance  for  a- 

*  bolifhing  of  Archbifhops  and  Bifhops  within  the 

*  Kins- 


af   ENGLAND.  39 

*  Kingdom  of  England and  Dominion  of  Wales,  and  An.  sj  Car.  I. 

*  fettling  their  Lands  and  Pofleflions  upon  Truftees     t   !^*7'  __• 

*  for  the  Ufe  of  the  Commonwealth,  and  the  other      oftober. 

*  Ordinance  for  the  appointing  the  Sale  of  their 

*  Lands  to  the  fame  Ufe,  be  confirmed  by  A&  of 
'  Parliament.     But  you  are  pleafcd  only  to  offer, 

*  That)   by  AcJ  of  Parliament,  Eftates  be  granted  for 
'  Lives  or  Fears  at  the  old  Rents,  or  form  other  mo- 

*  derate  Rents  j  or  that  you  will  propound  and  confent 

*  to  feme  other  Way  far  the  Satisfaction    of  Pur~ 

*  chafers,  or  others  that   have  lent   Money   on  thofe 

*  Lands,  provided  that  the  Property  and  Inheritance 
'  may  ftill  remain  to  the  Church  and  Churchmen,  and 

*  the  Rents  be  referred  for  their  Maintenance  ;  which 
•*  your  Majefty  will  give  us  Leave  to  fay,,  is  not  an 
'  Anfwer  unto  our  Proportion. 

Thirdly,  «  Whereas  it  is  defired  your  Majefty  will 
'  confirm,  by  AcT:  of  Parliament,    the  Ordinance 

*  for  the  calling  and  fitting  of  the  Aflembly  of  Di- 

*  vines,  by  which  they  were  to  meet,  and  did  meet 

*  the  firft  of  July  1643,  and  are  to  be  diflfolved 

*  in  fuch  Manner  as  by  both   Houfes  of  Parlia- 

*  ment  (hould  be  directed  ;  your  Majefty  is  pleafed 

*  to  grant  the  Confirmation  of  it   but  for  three 

*  Years  only,  they  having  fat  above  five  Years  al- 

*  ready. 

Fourthly,  «  Whereas  we  pray,  That  Reformation 
4  of  Religion,  according  to  the  Covenant,  be  fettled 

*  in  England,   Ireland,  and  Wales,  in  fuch  Manner 

*  as  both  Houfes  have  agreed,  or  {hall  agree  upon, 

*  after  Consultation  had  with  the  Aflembly  of  Di- 

*  vines  ;  particularly, 

*  That  the  Directory  be  confirmed  by  Aft  of 

*  Parliament,  together  with  the  Ordinances  of  the 

*  3d  of  January  1644,  and  the  23d  of  Augufl  1645, 

*  concerning  the  taking  away  of  the  Book  of  Com- 

*  mon  Prayer,  and  putting  the  Directory  in  Exe- 

*  cution  ;  your  Majefty  doth  not  fay  you  will  con-* 

*  firm  thofe  Ordinances,  which  is  our  humble  De- 

*  fire,  only  that  the  Directory  fhall  be  confirmed 

*  for  three  Years  ;  and,  for  ought  that  yet  appears, 

*  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  is  ftill  to  be  con- 

C  4  tinued. 


40  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  '  tinned.     Befides,  we  make  it  our  humble  Propo- 

l648-         <  fition,  that  the  Form   of  Church  Government, 

""oftober        *  ^  Articles  °f  Religion,  and  the  Ordinances  for 

*  the  better  Obfervation  of  the  Lord's  Day,  be 
'  confirmed  by  Act  of  Parliament ;  your  Majefty 

*  only  offers  to  confirm  the  Church  Government 

*  for  three  Years,  with  a  Provifo,  That  your  Ma~ 

*  jefty,    and  all   of  your  Judgment,    and   all  others 

*  who   cannot   In    Confclence  fubmit    thereunto,   Jhall 
'  not   be  obliged  to  comply  either  with    the  Govern- 

*  ment   or   Form    of  Worjhip,  but    to  praftice  your 
c  and  their   own  ProfeJJion.     And  that  a   Confulta- 

*  tion  in   the  mean  Time  may  be  had  with    the    Af- 
'  femlly   of  Divines,  (twenty  being   added    of  your 

*  Majeflfs    Nomination)  for    the    determining   how 
1  Church  Government  and  the  Form  of  Worjhip  may 

*  be  agreed  after    the  faid   Time    or  fooner ;    and 
(  hnv  Reformation   of  Religion  may  be  fettled;   and 
'  that  then  the    Articles   of   Religion    may  be  confi- 
'  dered  and  determined,  and  Care  taken  for  tender 

*  Confeiences.     All  which,  we  humbly  crave  Leave, 

*  to  fay,  is  very  different  from  what  WQ  h'ave  de- 
«  fired. 

*  And    whereas   your  Majefty    faith,    That  you 

*  will  give  your  Royal  AJJent  to  an  Afi  for  the  better 
'  Obfervation  of  the  Lord's  Day  ;  we  defire  to  know 
'  if  your   Majefty  intends   the  confirming   of  the 

*  Ordinances  then  prefented,  which  is  our  humble 
«  Defire. 

Fifthly,  <•  Whereas  it  is  defired,  That  your  Ma- 

*  jefty  will  give  your  Royal  AfTent  to  the  Bill  for 
c  fupprefling  Innovations  in  Churches,  &c,  and  the 
c  Bill  againft  Pluralities,  ts'c.  your  Majefty  faying, 

*  You  will  ajjent  unto  an  Att  for  the  one  and  for  the 

*  other ;  we  likewife  defire  to  know,  if  you  mean  the 
e  paffing  of  thofe  Bills  already  prefented  unto  you. 

Sixthly,  «  We  humbly  defire,  That  in  the  Acl 
c  to  prevent  the  Practices  of  Papifts,  &c.  there  may 
c  be  a  ftrifter  Courfe  taken  to  prevent  the  faying 
c  or  hearing  of  Mafs  in  the  Court,  or  any  other 
'  Part  of  this  Kingdom,  or  the  Kingdom  of  Ire- 

*  land.     But  in  this  your  Majefty  hath  not  fully  ex- 

«  preffed 


^ENGLAND.  41 

'  prefled  yourfelf ;  therefore  we  humbly  crave  your  Am  JJ4£ar*  L 

*  farther  Anfwer  to  it.  t 

Seventhly,    c    Whereas  we  befeech  your  Majefty       oftobcr. 

*  to  fign  and  fwear  the  Covenant,  and  to  pafs  Acts 
4  for  enjoining  the  taking  thereof  by  all  the  Sub- 
'  je&s  of  England  and  Ireland-,  and  that  the  Ordi- 

*  nances  for  the  Manner  of  taking  the  fame,  with 

*  fuch  Penalties  as  (hall  be  agreed  upon  by  both 
'  Houfes,  may  be  confirmed  by  AcT:  of  Parliament ; 

*  your  Majefty  is  pleafed  to  fay,  You  are  not  yet 
1  therein  fatisfied  nor  can  either  fign  or  fwear  it  your - 

*  felfy    or  confent  to  impofe  it  upon  others  ;  and  that 
'  you  conceive  it  not  proper   to  be  infijled  on  at  this 
1  Time ;  which,  we  beg  your  Pardon  to  fay,  is  di- 
'  rcdtly  contrary  to  the  humble  Defires  of  your  two 
'  Houfes  of  Parliament. 

'  All  thefe  Things  confidered,  and  what  other 
4  Defects  may  be  in  your  Majefty's  Anfwer  to  our 
4  Paper  formerly  mentioned  and  preferred  unto  you, 
4  makes  us  now  humbly  pray  your  Majefty  to  re- 
'  fume  the  Confideration  of  thofe  our  Defires,  and 

*  gracioufly  to  afford  us  your  more  full  and  fatisfac- 

*  tory  Anfwer.' 

[Sign' a7  by  all  the  CommiJJioners.] 

Next  follow  feveral  Papers  delivered  by  the  King 
to  the  Divines  attending  the  Commiffioners,  being 
his  Majefty's  Scruples  againft  abfolutely  commenting 
to  the  Parliament's  Propofition  concerning  the 
Church,  with  their  Anfwer  and  his  Reply ;  but  thefe 
being  no  Part  of  the  Treaty  itfelf,  a  Reference  to 
them  may  be  fufficient  (k). 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER,  prcjfing  for  a  ful- 
ler jfnfiver  to  the  Propofition  concerning  the 
CHURCH. 

Newport^  Ofl.  6,   1648. 

'  T  T  Aving  prefented  to  your  Majefty  a  Paper 
'  1  1  containing  the  Propofitions  for  the  Church, 
'  upon  the  25th  of  September-,  and  feconded  it 

4  with 

(k  »  Sir  FJivarJ  Walked,  Colltfliort,  p.  38,  tt  fej.  Royjlo*t 
Idition  of  the  King's  Worh,  p.  677,  et  Jej. 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 
another  Paper  of  the  29th>  Praying  y°ur  An" 

fwer,  which  we  received  upon  the  3oth  ;"but  with 
Odober.      c  many  Alterations,    Omiffions,  and  fome  Denials 
'  in  the  Particulars  of  our  Defire,  as  we  have  feve- 
'  rally  exprefled  them  in  a  Paper  given  in  the  fame 
'  Day.     And  fince  that,  having  fpent  feveral  Days 

*  in  Debate  and  Conference  with  your   Majefty, 
'  upon  the  Scruples  and  Doubts  which  you  were 

*  pleafed  to  fay   did  remain  with  you  concerning 

*  thofe  Particulars  ;    wherein  we  endeavoured    to 

*  make  appear  the  Reafonablenefs  of  our  Defire, 

*  and  we  hope  have  given  your  Majefty  Satisfaction  : 

*  We  (confidering  fo  much  of  our  limitted  Time  to 

*  be  already  paft,  and  fo  little  Progrefs  made  in  this 

*  great  Bufmefs,  upon  which  fo  much  depends)  do 

*  moft  humbly  befeech  your  Majefty  to  give  your 

*  full  Anfwer  to  theDefiresof  your  two  Houfes  con- 
'  cerning  the  Church,  fet  down  in  our  faid  Paper 

*  of  the  2fth  of  September. 

\&ign*d  by  all  the  Commi(fioners.*\ 

The  KING'S  Second  ANSWER  concerning  the 
CHURCH. 

Newport,  O&.  9,  1648. 
CHARLES  R. 

~f?O  R  a  further  and  final  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to 
•*•  your  fecund  Proportion  concerning  the  Church,  and 
to  your  Paper  of  the  30^  of  September,  wherein 
you  alledge  there  are  many  Omiffions,  Alterations, 
and  fome  Denials  of  feveral  Particulars  in  his  Ma- 
jefty's  former  Anfwer,  bis  Majefty  faith  as  follow - 
etb: 

I.  As  to  the  Exception^  That  his  Majefty  faid 
nothing  to  the  confenting  to  the  Bill  for  the  utter 
abolifhing  of  Archbifhops,  Bimops,  &c.  nor  that 
the  Ordinance  for  abolifhing  them  be  confirmed  by 
Aft  of  Parliament ;  bis  Majejly  faith,  That  in  hit 
former  Anfwer  he  did  confent  to  confirm  for  three 
Tears,  by  Aft  of  Parliament,  the  Form  of  Church- 
Government,  and  Directory  for  Worjhip,  which  ysu 
trefcntfd  to  him  ;  and  thereby  hath  tftfblijbtd  the  ac- 
tual 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  43 

Po/eJJion  and  public  Exerclfe   of  tbofe   Form,  An.  24.  Car. 

hath  fufpended  the  prefint  Gsvernment  and  Form  ^ 6*  ' 

of  Worjhip  eJJabliJhed  by  Law  ;  but  deftred  a  Conful-  Oftober. 
tat  ion  with  Divines  in  the  mean  Time,  for  a  future 
Settlement,  as  in  the  Paper  is  expre/ed ;  yet  finding 
by  your  fai 'd  Paper,  of  the  $oth  of  September,  that 
not  to  be  fatisfaftory,  his  Majejly,  with  all  Clear  nefs, 
will  acquaint  you  what  was  his  Aim  therein. 

His  Majejly  therefore  declares,  That  the  Reafon 
why  he  did  net  anfwer  to  that  Part  of  your  Propofi- 
tion  in  Terms  as  it  is  propofed,   was,  becaufe  he  was 
not  fatisficd  in  his  Confcience  he   can   confent  to  the 
utter  abolijhing  of  Epifcopacy,  the  Subflance  whereof 
he  conceives  to  confijl  in  the  Power  of  Ordination  and 
yurifdifiion   as   they   were  exercifed  by  the  Apojllcs 
thtmfefoes,    and   others  by    Authority   derived  from 
them,  fuperior  to  Pr?Jlyters  and  Deacons  in  the  Pri- 
mitive Times.     But   becaufe    he   acknowledgeth    that 
Bijhops  were  to  have  Council  and  Ajjijlance  of  Pref- 
byters    in    Ordination  and  'JurifdiEiion,   and  the  laft 
were  and  are  limitable  by  the  Civil  Power,    his  Ma- 
jejly defired  the    Consultation    with    the   Divines,    to 
the  end  that  he  and  his  two  Houfes  might  determine 
in  what  Manner  Ordination  and  'Jurifdiflion  might 
be  moderated  and  regulated  for  the  future   Govern- 
ment  of  the  Church ;   his  Majejly' s  Refolution  being 
to  comply  with  his  two  Houfes  for  the  Alteration  and 
regulating  of  this  prefent  Hierrchy  and  Government, 
fo  as  Epifcopacy,    reduced  to  the  primitive  Ufage,  may 
be  fettled  and  continued  in  this   Church:    And  there- 
fore his   Majejly  heartily  defires  their  Concurrence  in 
the  one,  that  he  may  with  the  more  Freedom  give  his 
Ajjent  to  the  other  ;    and,  if  his  two  Houfes  Jhall  fa 
advife,  his  Majejly  will  confent   to  lejfen  the  Extent 
and  multiply   the  Number  of  Diocefes.     And  in  other 
Particulars  of  like  Nature,    which  upon  farther  Con- 
federation may  arife,  and  cannot   now    be  particularly 
declared  or  forefeen,    his   Majejly  will  evidence  ):is 
only  Care  is  for  the  orderly  Government  of  the  Churchy 
and  the  edifying  of  his  People. 

2.   As  'to  the  Exception,  That  his  Majefty  hath 
not  expreffed  his  Confent  for  fettling  the  Bifhops 

Lands 


44  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  74  Car.  .1  Lands  upon  Truftees,  for  the  Ufe  of  the  Common- 
^__  ,  wealth,  and  for  the  appointing  the  Sale    of  their 

Odtober.  Lands  to  the  fame  Ufe  j  It  is  true  be  hath  not,  to 
alienate  the  Inheritance  of  thofe  Lands ;  and  herein 
he  believes  he  hath  the  concurrent  Opinions  of  many 
Divine •s,  that  in  other  Points  differ  much  among 
themfehes  ;  but  his  former  Anfwer  containing  a  large 
Offer  of  Satisfaction  to  all  thofe  that  have  purchafed 
cr  difburfed  Money  upon  thofe  Lands,  he  hopes  that 
Anfwer,  to  which  he  now  refers,  will  be  fatisfaclory 
to  his  two  Houfes. 

3.  As  to  thai  Part  of  the  Proportion,  for  the  cal- 
ling and  fitting  of  the  AJfembly  of  Divines,   his  Ma- 
jejly  faith )  That  he  will*  by  Att  of  Parliament ,   con- 
firm the   calling  and  fitting  of  the  faid  Ajjembly  from 
the  fir Jl  of  July  1643,   and  that  they  Jhall  havefuch 
Powers  as  are  mentioned  in  the  faid  Ordinance,  and 
that  they  Jhall  continue  their  meeting  and  fitting,  and  be 
dijfolved  infuch  Manner  as  both  Houfes  of  Parliament 
Jhall  dlreSt. 

4.  His  Majejly  will  confirm  the  public  Ufe  of  the 
Directory  In  all  Churches  and  Chapels,  as  is  defired 
In  the  Proportion,  and  will  confent  to  the  Repeal  of  fo 
much  of  all  the  Statutes  as    only  concern  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  ;    andalfo  to  the  taking  the  fame  away 
out  of  all  Churches,   and  Chapels,  provided  that  the 
Ufe  thereof  may  be  continued  in  his  Majejty's  Chapel, 

for  himfelf  and  his  Houjhold ;  and  will  likewife  confent, 
that  the  Form  of  Church-Government,  prefented  to 
him,  be  confirmed  by  Aft  of  Parliament  for  three 
Years  ;  provided  only,  that  a  Confultation,  in  the  mean 
Time,  be  had  with  the  Affembly  of  Divines,  in  fuch 
Manner  and  for  the  Purpofcs  as  are  in  his  former  An- 
fwer expreffed. 

Touching  the  Articles  of  Religion  ;  his  Majejly  pro- 
fejjeth  he  hath  not  had  Time  fence  they  were  delivered 
unto  him,  to  look  into  them  with  that  Deliberation  as  is 
requijite,  before  're  bind  up  himfelf  and  his  Subjcfis  in 
Matters  of  Fait!-  and  Doftrine  ;  and  therefore  dc fires 
that  Part  of  your  Proportion  may  be  rej'piied  by  hit 
two  Houfes. 

5.  And 


$f   ENGLAND.  45 

5.  And  whereas  you  defire  to  know.  Whether  his  An.  H  Car.  I. 
Majefty  by  faying,  in  his  Paper  of  the  ^oth  of  Sep- .       *  **' 
tember,    That  he  will  give  his  Royal  Aflent  to  an 
Aa  for  the  better  Obfcrvation  of  the  Lord's  Day, 
intends  the  confirming  of  the  Ordinance  prefented 
unto  him:    His  Majejly  thereunto  anfwers,    That  the 
Bill  for  fupprejjing  Innovations,  to  which  you  defire  his 
Confent,  which  he  is  willing  to  give,  contains  in  it  full 
Provifion  for  the  due  Observation  of  the  Lord's  Day  : 
And,    if  that   be  not  thought  fujficient,    his  Majejly 
will  confent  to  pafs  an  Aft  to  confirm  the  Matter  of 
the    Ordinance,  for  fo   much  as  concerns   the  Obfcr- 
vation   of  that    Day.     But    as  for    the  Ordinance 
itfclf,    and  the    ether   Ordinances    before-mentioned, 
which  have  been  long  fince  drawn,  his  Majejly  hofc* 
they  will  not  be  injijled  on  to  be  confirmed  in  Terminis 
as  they    are    penn'd,    becaufe    that    there  are    divers 
necejjary  Alteraoions  to   be  made  in  moft  of  them,  in 
rcfpeft     of  feme    Things    happened  Jince    their  firjl 
framing  ;  and  ExpreJJions  therein  that  reflett  on  former 
£/1abliJhed  Laws,   and  other  Matters   not  necejjary  to 
the  Alteration  defired.     But  if  new  Acls  be  dra^vn  ac-  • 
cording  to  his  Confent  herein   exprejjed  he  will  confirm 
them. 

6.  His  Majcjly  conceived  be  had  given  a  full  An- 
fwer  to  your  Defire,  That  there  might  be  a  ftri&er 
Courfe  taken  to  prevent  the  faying  or  hearing  of 
Mafs  in  the  Court  or  in  any  other  Part  of  this 
Kingdom  or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland.  It  is  well 
known  of  ivhat  ProfeJJion  his  Royal  Confort  is,  and 
what  Provifion  was  made  by  the  two  Crowns  in  the 
Articles  of  Marriage,  for  her  Exercife  thereof.  But 
whatever  Particulars  fiall  be  propofed  to  him  for 
retraining  it  in  the  Places  aforejaid,  and  limiting 
it  to  her  Majejiy  and  her  own  Familv,  (wherein  are 
but  very  feiu  Englilh,  and  not  many  French,  of  her 
ProfeJJion)  his  Majefty  never  did,  nor  will,  deny  his 
Confent  thereunto. 

7.  Concerning  the  Covenant,  and  the  Ordinances 
concerning  the  fame ;  his  Majejlys  Anfwer  bein?;, 
That  he  was  not  yet  fatisjied  to  take  ;V,  cr  impofe  it 


46  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

A*'  2?6  °s"' T"  5"  5/^r* »  ^  conceives  his  two  Houfes  will  not  infifl  upon 
i    '-^  '    ^    it  at  this  Time;  and  the  rather  becaufethe  Ends  thereof 
Oftober.       w ill  be  obtained  by  this  Agreement,  if  happily  concluded .' 
Which  God  grant. 

"The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER  upon  the  KING'S 
Second  ANSWER  to  the  Proportion  concerning  the 
CHURCH. 

Newport,  Off.  9,   1648. 

*  \7  OUR  Majefty  having  delivered  in  a  Paper  of 
4    JL     this  prefent  ninth  of  Oftober,  as  your  farther 

*  and  final  Anfwer  to  us,  as  to  the  fecond  Propofi- 
4  tion,  concerning  the  Church  ;  we  (hall  tranfmit 
c  the  fame  to  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  with  the 
4  other  Proceedings  pafTed  in  writing  on  that  fecond 

"*  Propofition,  and  go  on  in  the  Treaty  according 

*  to  our  Inftruftions. 

[Sign'd  by  the  Commijjioners.] 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PROPOSITION  concerning  the 
MILITIA. 

Newport,  Oft.  9,  1648. 
E  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give  your 
Royal  Afient  to  the  Propofition  following, 
6  concerning  the  Militia  : 

*  That  the  Lords  and  Commons  in  the  Parlia- 
'  ment  of  .Ew^/Waflembled,  (hall  during  the  Space 

*  of  twenty  Years,  from  the  firft  of  July  1646,  arm, 
c  train,  and  difcipline,  or  caufe  to  be  armed,  trained, 
'  and  difciplined,  all  the  Forces  of  the  Kingdoms  of 

*  England  and   Ireland,   and  Dominion    of  IPa/es, 
'  the  Ifles    of  Guernfey  and  Jerfey,  and  the  Town 

*  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  already  raifed  both  for 

*  Sea  and  Land  Service  j   and  fhall  from  Time  to 
'  Time,  during  the  faid  Space  of  twenty   Years, 
'  raife,  levy,  arm,  train,  difcipline,  or  caufe  to  be 
4  raifed,    levied,    armed,   trained,   and  difciplined, 
'  any  other  Forces  for  Land  and  Sea  Service,  in  the 
4  Kingdoms,  Dominions,  and  Places  aforefaid,    as 
'  in    their   Judgments  they   fhall,  from  Time  to 

4  Time, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  47 

*  Time,  during  the  faid  Space  of  twenty  Years,  An  *4  £ar> 
'  think    fit  and    appoint.     And    that  neither  the  v 

*  King,  his  Heirs,  nor  Succeffors,  nor  any  other 
'  but  fuch  as  fhall  aft  by  the  Authority  or  Appro- 

*  bation  of  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,    {hall, 
'  during  the  faid  Space  of  twenty  Years,  exercife 

*  any  of  the  Powers  aforefaid. 

4  That  Monies    be  raifed   and    levied    for    the 

*  Maintenance  and  Ufe  of  the  faid  Forces  for  Land 
'  Service,  and  of  the  Navy  and  Forces  for  Sea  Ser- 

*  vice,  in  fuch  Sort,  and  by  fuch  Ways  and  Means, 

*  as  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons  fhall,  from  Time 

*  to  Time,  during  the  faid  Space  of  twenty  Years, 
4  think  fit  and  appoint,  and  not  otherwife.     That 

*  all  the  faid  Forces  both  for  Land  and  Sea  Service, 

*  fo  raifed  or  levied,   or  to  be  raifed  or  levied,  and 
4  alfo  the  Admiralty  or  Navy,  fhall,  from  Time  to 
4  Time,  during  the  faid   Space  of  twenty  Years, 
4  be  employed,  managed,  ordered,  and  difpofed  by 

*  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  in  fuch  Sort,  and 
4  by  fuch  Ways  and  Means,  as  they  fhall  think  fit 
4  and  appoint,  and  not  otherwife.      And  the  faid 
4  Lords  and  Commons,  during  the  faid   Space  of 

*  twenty  Years,  fhall  have  Power, 

Fir/I,  4  To  fupprefs  all  Forces  raifed,  or  to  be 
4  raifed,  without  Authority  and  Confcnt  of  the  faid 
4  Lords  and  Commons,  to  the  Difturbance  of  the 

*  public  Peace    of  the  Kingdom  of   England  and 
4  Ireland,   and  Dominion  of   Wales,   the    Ifles    of 

*  Guernfey  and  Jerfey,  and  the  Town  of  Berwick 
4  upon  Tweed,  or  any  of  them. 

Secondly,  4  To  fupprefs  any  foreign  Forces  who 
4  fhall  invade,  or  endeavour  to  invade,  the  King- 

*  doms  of  England  and   Ireland,   and  Dominion  of 

*  Wales,  the  Ifles  of  Guernfey  and  Jerfey,  and  the 
4  Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  or  any  of  them. 
4  And  that  after  the  Expiration  of  the  faid  twenty 
4  Years,  neither  the  King,  his  Heirs  nor  Succeflbrs, 
4  or  any  Perfon,  or  Perfons,  by  Colour  or  Pretence 

*  of  any  Commiffion,  Power,  Deputation,  or  Au- 
4  thority,   to  be  derived  from  the  King,    his  Heirs 
4  or  Succeflbrs,  or  any  of  them,  fhall  raife,   arm, 

*  train, 


48  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.   '  train,  difcipline,  employ,  order,  manage,  difband, 
1648.          «  or  djfp0fe  anv  Of  the  Forces  by  Sea  or  Land,  of 
'  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland^  and  Do- 

*  minion  of  Wales ^  the  Ifles  of  Guernsey  and  Jerfeyt 
'  and  the  Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed ;  nor  exer- 
c  cife  any  of  the  faid  Powers  or  Authorities  in  the 
'  precedent  Articles  mentioned  andexpreffed  to  be, 
4  during  the  faid  Space  of  twenty  Years,  in  the  faid 
'  Lords  and  Commons  ;  nor  do  any  A6t  or  Thing 

*  concerning  the  Execution  of  the  faid  Powers  or 
'  Authorities,  or  any  of  them,  without  the  Confent 

*  of  the   faid -Lords  and   Commons    firft  had  and 
'  obtained. 

*  That  after  the  Expiration  of  the  faid  twenty 
'  Years,  in  all  Cafes  wherein  the  Lords  and  Com- 
'  mons  fhall  declare  the  Safety  of  the  Kingdom  to 
'  be  concerned,  and  fhall  thereupon  pafs  any  Bill 

*  or  Bills  for  the  railing,  arming,  training,  difci- 
'  plining,  employing,  managing,  ordering,  or  dif- 

*  pofmg    of   the  Forces  by  Sea  or  Land,    of  the 

*  Kingdoms  of  Eng Ian d  and  Ireland^  the  Dominion 
'  of  Wales*  the  Ifles  of  Guernsey  and  "Jerfey,  or  the 

*  Town  of  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  or  of  any  Part  of 
'  the  faid  Forces,  or  concerning  the  Admiralty  and 

*  Navy ;   or  concerning  the  levying  of  Monies  for 

*  the    Railing,  Maintenance,    or  Ufe  of  the  faid 
'  Forces   for  Land   Service,  or  for  the  Navy  and 

*  Forces  for  Sea  Service,  or  of  any  Part  of  them  : 
«  If  the  Royal  Aflent  to   fuch  Bill  or  Bills  (hall 
£  not  be  given  in  the  Houfe  of  Peers  within  fuch 

*  Time  after  the  paffing  thereof  by  both  Houfes  of 
<  Parliament,  as  the  faid  Houfes  fhall  think  fit  and 

*  convenient,  that  then  fuch  Bill  or  Bills,  fo  pafled 
'  by  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons  as  aforefaid,  and 
'  to  which  the  Royal  Aflent  mall  not  be  given  as  is 

*  herein  before  exprefled,  fhall,  neverthelefs,   after 
«  Declaration    of   the    faid  Lords  and  Commons 

*  made  in  that  Behalf,  have  the  Force  and  Strength 
«  Qf  an  Adi  or  A6b  of  Parliament,  and  fhall  be  as 

*  valid,  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  as  if  the  Royal 
'  Aflent  had  been  given  thereunto. 


^ENGLAND.  49 

*  Provided  that  nothing  herein  before-contained  An.  24  car*  I. 
'  (hall  extend  to  the  taking  away  of  the  ordinary 
'  legal  Power  of  Sheriffs,  Juftices  of  Peace,  May- 

*  ors,    Bailiffs,    Coroners,    Conftables,    Headbo- 

*  roughs,  or  other  Officers  of  Juftice,   not  being 

*  military  Officers,  concerning  the  Adminiftration 
'  of  Juftice  ;  fo  as  neither  the  faid  Sheriffs,  Juftices 
<  of  Peace>  Mayors,  Bailiffs,  Coroners,  Conftables, 
'  Headboroughs,    or  other   Officers,    nor  any   of 
'  them,   do  levy,    conduit,  employ  or    command 
c  any  Forces  whatfoevgr,  by  Colour  or  Pretence 
4  of   any  Commiffion  of  Array,  or  extraordinary 

*  Command  from  his  Majefty,  his  Heirs,  or  Suc- 

*  ceflbrs,  without  the  Confent  of  the  faid  Lords  and 

*  Commons. 

1  And  if  any  Perfons  mall  be  gathered  and  af- 

*  fembled  together,  in  warlike  Manner,  or  other- 

4  wife,  to  the  Number  of  thirty  Perfons,  and  fhall   x 

*  not  forthwith  difband  themfclves,  (being  required 

*  thereto  by  the  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  or  Com- 

*  mand  from  them,  or  any  by  them  efpecially  au* 

*  thorifed  for  that  Purpofe)  then  fuch  Perfon  or 
e  Perfons,  not  fo  difbanding  themfelves,  fhall  be 
4  guilty,  and  incur  the  Pains  of  High    Treafon, 
4  being  firft  declared  guilty  of  fuch  Otfence  by  the 
'  faid  Lords  and  Commons,  any  Commiffion  under 
4  the  Great  Seal,  or  other  Warrant  to  the  contrary 

*  notwithftanding  ;  and  he  or  they  that  fhall  offend 

*  therein,  to  be  incapable  of  any  Pardon  from  his 

*  Majefty,  his  Heirs  or  Succeflbrs,  and  their  Eftates 

*  (hall  be  difpofed  of  as  the  faid  Lords  and  Com- 

*  mons  fhall  think  fit,  and  not  otherwife. 

4  Provided,  that  the  City  of  London  fhall  have 

*  and  enjoy  all  their  Rights,  Liberties,  and  Fran- 
'  chifes,  Cuftoms   and  Ufages,  in  the  raifing  and 
8  employing  the  Forces  of  that  City  for  the  De- 
'  fence  thereof,  in  as  full  and  ample  Manner,  to 

*  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  as  they  have  or  might 

*  have  ufed  or  enjoyed  the  fame  at  any  Time  be- 
'  fore  the  making  of  the  faid  Aft  or  Proportion  ? 

*  to  the  end  that  City  mav  be  fully  allured  it  is  net 

VOL.  XVIII.'  D  'the 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.   <  the  Intention  of  the  Parliament  to  take  from  them 
l6*8'         '  any  Privileges  or  Immunities  in  raifmg  or  difpo- 

^    Qfobef.       *  **inS  of  their  Forces,  wnicn  tney  nave  or  might 

*  hi-ve  ufed  or  enjoyed  heretofore* 

*  That  the  Militia  of  the  City  of  London  and 

*  Liberties  thereof,  may  be  in  the  Ordering  and  Go- 

*  vernment  of  the  Lord    Mayor,  Aldermen,  and 

*  Commons,    in   Common-Council    afiembled,  or 

*  fuch  as  they  {hall,  from  Time  to  Time,  appoint, 

*  (whereof  the  Lord    Mayor  and   Sheriffs  for  the 

*  Time  being  to  be  three)  to  be  employed  and  di- 

*  reeled,  from  Time  to  Time,    in  fuch   Manner 

*  as  (hall  be  agreed  on  and  appointed  by  both  Houfes 

*  of  Parliament. 

*  That  no  Citizens  of  the  City  of  London,  nor 
fc  any  Forces  of  the  faid  City,  (hall  be  drawn  forth, 

*  or  compelled  to  go  out  of  the  faid  City,  or  Liber- 

*  ties  thereof,  for  Military  Service,  without  their 

*  own  free  Conferit. 

6  That  the  Tower  of  London  may  be  in  the  Go- 

*  vernment  of  the  City  of  London,  and   the  Chief 
6  Officer  or  Governor  thereof,  from  Time  to  Time, 

*  to  be  nominated  and  removeable  by  the  Com- 

*  mori-Council.' 

[Sign'd  by  the  Commijjioners.'] 

The  KING'S  Firft  ANSWER  to  the  Proportion  con- 
cerning the  MILITIA. 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Oft.  9,  1648. 

TN  Anfwer  to  your  Paper .  delivered  in  this  Day, 
-*  concerning  the  Militia ;  his  Majefty  conceives 
that  your  Proportion  touching  the  Militia  demands 
a  far  larger  Power  over  the  Per  fans  and  Eftates  of 
his  Subjects  than  hath  ever  hitherto  been  warranted 
by  the  Laws  and  Statutes  of  this  Realm ;  yet,  confi- 
dering  the  prefent  Di/lraflians  require  more,  and 
trujling  in  his  two  Houfes  of  Parliament,  that  they 
will  make  no  farther  Ufe  of  the  Powers  therein  men- 
tioned after  the  prefent  Diftempers  are  fettled,  than 
/hail  be  agreeable  to  the  legal  Extrcife  thereof  in  Times 


^/ENGLAND.  $i 

/><z/?,  and  for  the  Purpofes  particularly  mentioned  in  y  bur  Afl.  24.  Car.  r. 
Proportion  ;  #  nd  to  give  Satisfaction  to  Lis  two  Houfos9    1    l648'  .. 
*^af  ta  intends  a  full  Security  ;  rf«^  /0  exprefs  his  real      &&&&* 
Defire  to  fettle  the  Peace  of  the  Kingdom^  his  Majejly 
doth  confent  to  this  Proportion,  touching  the  MJlitiOy 
as  is  defired. 

This  Anfwer  the  Commiflioners  refufing  to  re- 
ceive, his  Majefty  the  fame  Day,  lent  the  following  : 

CHARLES  R.        Ne*Port>  O<a-   9>  1*48- 

IrN  Anfwer  to  your  Proportion  concerning  the  Mlli- 
•*  tia,  delivered  in  this  Dd*,  his  Majefty  dcth  there* 
unto  confent)  as  is  defired. 


t,  0&.  9,  1648: 
'  \7  OUR  Majefty  having  delivered  in  a  Paper 

*  A     of  this  prefent  ninth  of  Oflober^  containing 

*  your  Anfwer  to  the  third  Proportion,  concerning 
'  the  Militia,  we  {hall   tranfmit  the  fame  to  both 

*  Houfcs  of  Parliament,  and  go  on  in  the  Treaty 

*  according  to  our  Inftruclions.' 

[Sign'd  by  the  CommiJJioners.] 

The  Lords  deferred  the  Confederation  of  all 
thefe  Papers  to  the  1  3th  :  But  in  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
mons, immediately  after  their  being  read,  Mr.  Ed- 
ward AJhe  ftood  up  and  faid,  '  He  could  have  in- 
formed them  as  much  as  all  this  amounted  to  out 
of  the  King's  former  Offers  j  and  therefore  mo- 
ved that  they  might  not  be  troubled  with  a  fecond 
Reading.'  And  accordingly  the  King's  Anfwer  wag 
laid  afide  without  even  the  Compliment  of  a  Debate^ 
and  the  Commons  came  to  the  following  Refolu- 
tions  thereupon  : 

1.  '  That  this  Anfwer  of  the  King  to  the  Pro-The  j>in^9  Ar._ 
po'iition  prefented  by  the  Commiflioners,  concerning  fwer  concerning 
ihe  Church,  is  not  fatisfa6rory. 

2.  *   That  after  the  Commiflioners  (hall  have 
concluded  upon  the  Proportion  that  this  (hall  find 
them  iiij  they  then  do   prefs  the  King  for  a  full 

D  2  Anfwejf 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

•  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition  prefented  by  them  te 
him,  concerning  the  Church  :  And  that  tney  do- 
proceed  in  the  Treaty,  upon  the  reft  of  the  Pro- 
pofitions, according  to  their  former  Inftru&ions.' 

Thefe  Refolutions  being  fent  up  to  the  Lords, 
they  gave  their  Concurrence  to  them,  as  dfo  to  the 
following  Letter  to  the  Commifiioners  in  the  Ifle  of 
lyight: 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen^ 

*  "T^HE  Lords  and  Commons  have  received  your 
6    •*•    Letter  of  the  9th  of  Oftober,  1648,  and  have 
c  perufed  and  con&lered  of  the  Papers  inclofed  -y 
c  wherein  you  give  them  a  full  Account  of  your  Pro- 

*  ceedings  in  the  Treaty  upon  the  Propofitions  pre- 
4  fented  by  you  to  the  King,  concerning  the  Church, 

*  and  the  Propofition  concerning  the  Militia  j  and 

*  thereupon  the  Lords  and  Commons  have  patted 

*  the  Refolutions  inclofed,  which  they  defire  you  to 

*  take  Notice  of,  and  to  perufe,  and  acquaint  his 

*  Majefty  with  the  fame. 

*  They  further  take  Notice  of  your  prudent  and 

*  very   faithful  Management  of  thofe  Affairs,  and 

*  have  commanded  us  to  return  you  their  hearty 

*  Thanks  for  the  fame.     This  being  all  we  have 
*•  in  Command,  we  remain, 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen  y 
Your  Friends 


MANCHESTER, 

Speaker  of  the  Honfe  of  Peerr^ 

WILLIAM  LENTHALL, 

Speaker  of  the  Commons  Houfs 
in  Parliament. 

Oft.  13.  A  Letter  from  the  Commiflioners  in  the 
Ifle  of  Wight)  with  the  Papers  concerning  the  Pro- 
pofition  touching  Ireland  were  read. 

2  Ft* 


gf    ENGLAND.  53 

far  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  M  A N  c  H  E  s  T  E  R,  AD.  JA  Car.  I. 
Speak cr^of  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tern  pore.         t    '  r2l  _, 

My  Lord i  Newport,  Off.  II,  1648. 

<  L1  Incc  our  laflr  of  the  gth  Inft.  we  have  received  P»pw»  prefented 
«  5   his  Majefty's  final  Anfwer  to  our  Paper  deli-  S^n  twdw 

*  vered  unto  him  upon  the  Propofition  concerning  ing  the  Propofi- 
'  Ireland,  the  Copies  whereof  we  have  fent  you  here  tion  for  Ireland. 

<  inclofed.     We  have  this  Night  put  in  a  Paper 
«  upon  the  Proportions  concerning  raifing  of  Mo- 
'  nies  for  Payment  of  public  Debts,  &?£.   and  ihall 

*  eive  your  Lordfhips  a  further  Account  of  our 

*  Proceedings  as  there  (hall   be  Occafion.      We 

'  reft>  ^C'       [Sign'd  by  the  Lords  Commi/ionerf.} 

The  PROPOSITION  concerning  ICELAND. 

Newport^  Oft.  9,  1648. 

*  Vf7  E  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give  your 

Royal  Aflent  to  the   Propoiition  enfuing, 
4  concerning  Ireland. 

6  That  an  A&  of  Parliament  be  pafTed,  to  de- 
4  clare  and  make  void  the  Ceflation  of  Ireland^  and 

*  all  Treaties  and  Conclufions  of  Peace,  or  any 
4  Articles   thereupon     with   the    Rebels,    without 
4  Confcnt  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament ;  and    to 
4  fettle  the  Profecution  of  the   War  of  Ireland  in 
4  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  of  England^  to  be  ma- 

*  naged  by  them  ;  and  your  Majefty  to  aflift,  and    v 
4  to  do  no  Adi  to  difcountenance  or  mqleft  them 

«  therein. 

'  That  the  Deputy,  or  Chief  Governor  or  other 
4  Governors  of  Ireland^  and  the  Preftdents  of  the 

<  feveral   Provinces   of  that  Kingdom,  be  nomina- 

*  ted  by  both  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  Eng- 

*  land)  or,  in  the  Intervals  of  Parliament,    by  fuch 
4  Committees  of  both  Houfes    of  Parliament,    as 

*  bovh  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England  ft\?\\  no- 
4  minate  and  appoint  for  that  Purpofe  :   And  that 
4  the  Chancellor  or  Lord-Keeper,  Lord-Treafurer, 
4  Commiffioners  of  the  Great-Seal  or   Treafury, 

D  3  *  Chan- 


54  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  z4  Car.  I-  *  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  Secretaries  of  State, 
iHS. ^  <  Mafter  of  the    Rolls,  Judges  of  both    Benches 

^  oaobtr  '  an^  Barons  of  the  Exchequer,  Vice-Treafu- 
'  rer,  and  Treafurers  at  War  of  the  Kingdom  of 
'  Ireland,  be  nominated  and  appointed  by  both 
'  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England,  to  conti- 
'  nue  quamdiu  fe  bene  gejjerint ;  and,  in  the  Intervals 
f  of  Parliament,  by  the  forementioned  Committees, 
'tto  be  approved  or  di  fall  owed  by  both  Houfes  at 
f  'their  next  fitting.  And  that  all  Grants  of  Offices, 

*  Lands,  Tenements,   or  Hereditaments,   made  or 

*  pafled  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Ireland,   unto  any 

*  Perfon  or  Perfons,   Bodies  Politic,  or  Corporate, 

*  fmce  the  CefTation  made  in  Ireland  the  i5th  Day 
'  of  September,    1643,   fhall  be  null  and  void;   and 
?  that  all  Honours   and  Titles   conferred  upon  any 
e  Perfon  or  Perfons   in   the  faid  Kingdom  of  Ire- 
'  land,  fmce   the   faid  CefTation,  {hall   alfo  be  null 

*  and  void.' 

[Sign'd  by  the  CommiJJidners.'} 

CHARLES  R.  NewP°rt>  Oa-  ">  'M- 
T7*  0  JR.  a  final  Anfwer  to  your  Propofition  of  the. 
~*  gth  of  October,  concerning  Ireland,  his  Majejly 
doth  give  his  Confent  thereunto  as  is  defired  ;  the  'Time 
fir  nominating  of  the  Deputy  and  other  Officers 
being  limited  for  twenty  Tears  from  the  fir Jl  of  July, 
1648. 

Newport,  Ott,  u,  1648. 

c  T  T  Aving  received  your  Majefty's  final  Anfwer 
?  1  1  to  our  Paper  of  the  qth  of  Oflober  Inftant, 
'  concerning  Ireland,  we  {hall  tranfmit  the  frme  to 
'  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  and  go  on  in  the 
1  Treaty  according  to  our  Inftru&idns.' 
[Sign'd  by  the  CommiJJioners.] 

Thus  ends  the  Parliament's  Fourth  Propofition 
pf  Peace  :— A  fliort  Digreffion  to  another  Subjcdl 
cannot  be  difagreeable. The  Reader  may  re- 
member a  Charge  preferred  againft  Major  Rolph 


*/*   ENGLAND.  55 

by   Mr.   O/borne,  in  June  laft,    for  intending  to  An.  34  Car.  J- 
murcler  the  King  in   CarlJbrooke-Caftle\   in  Confer-  (_  *  48'      t 
quince  whereof  the  Houfe  of  Lords  committed  the 
Major  to  the  Gatehoufe,  and    an   Indictment    was 
foon    after    preferred    againft  him  at   Wmchefter  ; 
which  not  being  found  by  the  Grand   Jury  there, 
the  Commons  voted   him  the  Sum  of  150  /.   as  a 
Recompence    for   falfe    Imprifonment,    and  com- 
mitted Mr.  OJborne^  and  Mr.  Dtnv cet  a  Witnefs  in  A  Charge  ord«- 
Support  of  the  Charge  againft  the  Major,  to  the  «d  againfl  Mr. 
Cuftody  of  the  Serjeant  at  Arms.     Mr.   Oftoriu^^^ 
found  Means  to  make  his  Efcape  j  but  Mr.  Dow-fa  Roiph. 
cet  having  continued  two  Months  in  Confinement, 
he,  this  Day,  (Otf.   13)    petitioned  the  Houfe  of 
Lords  to   be  admitted  to  Bail  j    this    they  grantf 
ed,  and  fent  a  Mefiage,  recommending  it   to  the 
Commons  to  do  the  fame.     Immediately  after  the 
reading  this  Petition,  Serjeant  IVylde  flood  up  andx 
faid,   Mr.    Speaker,    I   have   in     my    Hand    the 
Draught  of  a  Charge  againft  this  Dowcet,  which, 
in  my  Opinion,  the  Houfe  ought  rather  to  take 
Notice  of  than  his  Petition ;  for  I  can  atteft  that 
Major    Ralph   was    fufficiemly   cleared   upon   his 
Trial  at  Winchefter,   where  I  fat  upon  the  Bench  ; 
and   I  am  fure   many   others  in  the  Hqqfe,  that 
were   prefcnt  there,   can   witnefs  the  fa.me :  And 
therefore  I  conceive  the  flanderous  Accufation  a- 
gainft  him  having   reflected  exceedingly  upon  the 
Honour  of  this  Houfe,  upon  the  faithful  Cojonel 
Hammond,  and  the  whole  Army,  we  can  do  no  lefs 
than  bring    the  Scandalixers    to  fome  exemplary 
Puniftiment  :  But  OJborne  being  gone,  and  Dow- 
ctt    in  hold,    I  defire    that  this    Charge    may  be 
preferred  againft  him,  and  he  brought  to  a  fpeedy 
Trial.' 

In  confequence  of  this  Motion  the  Commons 
rejected  Mr.  Dowcefs  Petition,  and  ordered  Ser- 
jeant Wylde  and  Mr.  Lijle  (a)  to  bring  in  a  Charge 
againft  him  on  the  i8th. 

D  4.  Oft. 

(a)  This  Gentleman  fat  as  an  Afliftant  to  the  Serjeant  upo^  tie 
and  afterwards  was  one  of  the  King's  Judges. 


5  6  7 'he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I,       Off.  14.  A  Letter   from  the  Earl    of 

"6^Si     j  (dated  Off.  2,  on  board  the  St.  George,  riding  be-« 

k""" oaober.      ^ore  Goree]  to  the  Committee  at  Derby-Houfe,  was 

read  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  fetting-forth,  That 

Supplies  ordered  feveral   Dutch  Men  of  War  continued  to  ride  be- 

for  the  Fleet  un-twjx(.  ^         j  ^     revo}te(j  Ships,  then  in  Helvet- 

der  the  Earl  or  it    i  '    TV  -i      /-  T*T 

Warwick,  /"91 5  >  an(*  "***  having  called  a  Council  of  v\  ar  to 
advife  of  the  beft  Means  to  reduce  thofe  Ships  to 
the  Parliament's  Obedience,  the  Refult  thereof 
was  to  continue  the  Fleet  in  Goree  Road ;  that  he 
hoped  the  Houfes  would  approve  of  his  Proceed- 
ings therein,  and  fend  a  fpeedy  Supply  of  Money 
and  Provifions  for  the  Fleet.'  Upon  reading  this 
Letter  Mr.  AJhe  faid,  '  It  is  true  indeed  the  Hol- 
A??z<fMen  of  War  lie  now  betwixt  the  Lord -Ad- 
miral and  the  Prince's  Fleet,  but  if  it  had  pleafed 
him^  he  might  have  done  his  Work  before  the 
Hollanders  interpofed,  had  the  revolted  Ships  been 
fet  upon  at  his  firft  coming  into  that  Road  ;  there- 
fore, fays  he,  Mr.  Speaker,  you  may  fend  Money 
and  Provifions ;  but,  for  my  Part,  I  believe  you 
will  never  hear  of  any  better  Service.* How- 
ever, this  Attack  upon  the  Lord-Admiral  was  no 
farther  pufh'd  ;  for  the  Houfe  voted  their  Appro- 
bation of  his  Conduct  j  ordered  Money  and  Pro- 
vifions for  his  Fleet ;  and  the  Sequeftrations  of 
Delinquents  in  North-Wales  were  appropriated  for 
that  Purpefe. 

Oft.  17.  More  Letters  and  Papers  came  from  the 
Commiflioners,  concerning  the  Treaty,  which  were 
read. 

for  the  Right  Hon.  EDWARD  Earl  of  M  A  N  c  H  E- 
STER,  Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro 
Tempore. 

My  Lord,  Nnuport,  Qtt.  14,  1648. 

'  \\7  ^  herewith  prefent  your  Lordmip  with  an 
papsrs  relating  <  VV  Account  of  our  Proceedings  upon  the 
tothePropofi-  <  propofltjons  concerning  public  Debts,  Peers,  &c. 

tions  about  pub-  ^  r          Ln-i  r  un 

iic Debts  an(i  'or  t"6  Particuhu's  we  refer  to  the  1  apers  in- 

'  clofed. 

<  We 


^ENGLAND.  57 

<  We  delivered  Yeftemight  a   Paper  upon    the   An'^^" 

*  Proportions   concerning   Delinquents,    herewith     t       v  * J 
1  alfo  fent ;  and  fo  we  remain,  &c.'  Cuoher. 

[Signd  by  the  Lords  Commijfioners.'] 

The  PROPOSITION  concerning  Payment  of  PUBLIC 
%  DEBTS  and  DAMAGES. 

Newport,  Off.  12,  1648. 

'  \\7  ^  numbly  defire  that  your  Majefty  will 
'  VV  give  your  Royal  Aflent  to  fuch  A 61  or 
'  A£ts  for  raifing  of  Monies  for  the  Payment  and  .  . 
'  fatisfying  of  the  public  Debts  and  Damages  of 
'  the  Kingdom,  and  other  public  Ufes,  as  (hall 
'  hereafter  be  agreed  on  by  both  Houfes  of  Parlia- 
'  ment ;  and  that  if  the  King  doth  not  give  his 
'  AfTent  thereunto,  then  it  being  done  by  both 
'  Houfes  of  Parliament,  the  fame  {hall  be  as  valid, 
'  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  as  if  the  Royal  AfleAt 
•*  had  been  given  thereunto.' 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  CommiJJioners,'] 

CHARLES  R.        NewPort>  Oa-  ">  'M- 
anfiver  to  your  Proportion  of  the  nth  of  Oc- 

tober,  concerning  Public  Debts,  &c.  his  Majejly 
doth  confent  to  your  Proportion  as  is  defired,  the  Aft 
or  dfls  extending  only  to  Debts  or  Damages,  and  pub- 
lic Ufes  incurred  and  pafs'd,  and  to  be  agreed  by  both 
Houfes  within  twelve  Months^  , 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER,  preffing  for  a  more 
explicit  ANSWER. 

Newport,  Qtl.  12,  1648. 

*  VX7  Hereas  by  our  Paper  of  the  nth  of  Ofto- 

ber,  it  is  humbly  defired  your  Majefty  will 
'  give  your  Aflent  to  fuch  A&  or  A#s  for  raifmg 
«  Monies  for  the  Payment  of  public  Debts  and 
«  Damages  of  the  Kingdom,  and  other  public  Ufes, 

*  as  (hall   hereafter  be  agreed   on   by  both  Houfes 
<  of  Parliament  5  and  that  if  the  Royal  Afll-nt  be 


Odober 


58  The  Parliamentary  H  I  s  T  o  R  V 

An.  2+  Car.  i.  <  not  thereto  given,  yet  being  done  by  the  Houfesj 
c  it  fhaii  be  as  valid,  to  all  intents  and  Purpofes. 
'  Your  Majefty,  in  your  Anfwer  now  given  to 

*  it  is  pkafed  to  limit  your  Confent  only  for  fucb 

*  Debts  and  Damages  ,  and  puhlic  Ufes  as  are  already 

*  incurred  and  paji,  and  they  to  be  agreed  upon  by  the 
'  Houfes  within  twelve  Months  ;   whjch  comes  fhort 

*  of  the  the  Defires  of  the  two  Houfes,  that  look 
'  to  the  future  as  well  as  the  Time  paft.    And  you 

*  are    likewife    pleafed    to    reftrain    it   to   twclvq 

*  Months  for  their  agreeing  upon  thofe  Debts,  Da- 
'  mages,    and   public  Ufes.    We  therefore  humbly 
4  crave  your  Anfwer  to  the  aforefaid  Paper  as  it  i$ 

*  there  dcfired.'     r{,-    ,  ,  ,     ,    „       ./r         , 

[Sign  a  by  the  Commijjioners.] 

The  KING'S  FINAL  ANSWER. 
CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Oa.  12,  1648. 

J?OR  a  final  Anfwer  to  you  as  to  your  Prcpofition  of 
•*•  the  nth  of  October,  concerning  pubfif  Debts^ 
&c.  and  to  your  Paper  of  the  I2th  concerning  the. 
fame  :  His  Majejly  doth  confent  to  your  P  opofition 
as  is  dsfired^  Jo  as  the  Aft  or  Atts  be  agreed  on,,  and 
prefented  within  the  Space  of  two  Tears,  and  extend  only 
to  Debt*)  Damages,  andfublic  Ufes  incurred  by  that 


Making 
e-cation 


Newport,  Oft.   12,    1648. 

c  T  "I  Aving  received  your  Majefty's  final  Anfwer 
c  I    1  to  our  Papers  of  the  nth  and  12th  of  Oftober 

*  Inftant,  concerning  the  Payment  of  Public  Debts, 
6,  &c.  we  fhall  tranfmit  the  fame  to  both  Houfes  of 
'  Parliament,  and  go  on  with  the  Treaty  according 

*  to  our  Inftru&ions.' 

'  [Sign'd  b\-  the  Commijfioners.] 

ffle  PROPOSITION  for  making  void  dl  Honours 
conferred  fmce  May  21,  1642. 

Newport  12,  1648. 

E  do  humbly  defire  your  Majefty's  Con- 
fent to  the  Propontion  enfuing,   That  by 
all  Peers  made  fmce  the  Day 
«  that 


the  < 


<  "\1/ 

t.    Y/y 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  59 

*  that   Edward  Lord    Littleton,  then  Lord-Keepqr  An.  14  Car.  !• 
f  of  the  Great  Seal,  deferted  the  Parliament,  and  t|_j.'''*8'     j 

*  that  the  faid  Great  Seal  was  furreptitioufly  con-       oaooer." 

*  veyed  away  from  the  Parliament,  (being  the  2ift 

*  Day  of  May  1642)  and   who  mall  be  hereafter 

*  made,  mall  not  fit  or  vote  in  th,e  Parliament  of 
'  England,    without    Confent  of   both  Houfes   of 
'  Parliament ;  and  that  all  Honours  and  Titles  con- 
«  ferred  on  any  without  Confent  of  both   Houfqs 
4  of  Parliament  fmce  the  2Oth  of  May  1642,  (ber 

*  ing  the  Day  that  both  Houfes  declared,  That  the 

*  King,  feduced  by  evil  Council,    intended  to   raiJJs 

*  War  again/}  the  Parliament)  be  declared  null  and 

[Signed  by  the  CommiJ/ioners.] 

CHARLES  R.        Newport,  Oft.  13,  1648. 

TN anfwer  to  your  Proportion  of  the   i2th  of  Oc- 
tober, concerning  Peers,  &c.  his  Majejly  doth  con* 
Jent  thereunto  as  is  defired* 

Newport,  Ofl.  13,  1648. 

*  t_J  Aving  received  your  Majefty's  Paper  of  the 
'11    1 3th  Inftant,  in  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition 
'  prefented  to  your  Majefty  in  our  Paper  of  the  i2th, 
«  concerning  Peers,  &c.   wherein  your  Majefty  is 

*  pleafed  to  declare  that  you  do  confent  thereunto 
«  as  is  defired,  we  mall  tranfmit  the   fame  to  both 
«  Houfes  of  Parliament,  and  go  on  in  the  Treaty 
'  according  to  our  Inftruclions. 

[Sign'd  by  the  CommiJJionen.'] 

The  PROPOSITION  concerning  DELINQUENTS. 
Newport,  Off,   13,   1648. 
*  \T7  E  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give  your  And  about  De- 

<  W    Royal   Aflent   to   the  Propofitions  enfuing  Iin1uentt- 
'  concerning  Delinquents  :  That  an  A61  be  pafled 

<  concerning  Delinquents,  as  followeth  : 

FIRST   BRANCH. 

'  That  the  Perfonsjwho  mall  expec*l  no  Pardon  be 
'  oaly  thefe  following ;  Rupert  and  Maurice,  Count 

*  Palatine^ 


60  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  »4  Car.  I.  <  palatines  of  the  Rhine  ;  James  Earl   of  Derby  ; 

^  *'•  _,  «  'loin  Earl  of  Sri/lol;  Wihiam  Earl  of  Newcastle  ; 
Oftober.  *  Francis  Lord  Cottington\  George  Lord  Digby  \ 
«  Mattew  Wren,  Bifhop  of  £/j  ;  Sir  .Rs&rf  Ar^A, 
«  Knight  ;  Dr.  Bramball,  Biihop  of  D«ry  ;  Sir 
4  William  Widdrington  ;  Col.  George  Goring  ;  /&*- 
'  ry  Jermyn,  Efq  ;  Sir  #rt//>6  Hopton  ;  Sir  J^«  5y- 
'  ;-0»  j  Sir  Francis  Doddirgton;  Sir  y<?£«  Strong*- 
«  nwyj  ;  Mr.  Endimion  Porter  ;  Sir  George  Rod- 

*  diff"e\   Sir   Marmaduke    Langdale  ;   Henry   Vaugl>- 
(  an,   Efq;    now  called    Sir  Henry    Vaughan\    Sir 

*  Francis    Jf/indetanke  ;     Sir     Richard     Greenville', 
'  Mr.  Edward  Hide*,  now  called  Sir  Edward  Hide  ; 
«  Sir  y^rt  Marley-y    Sir  Nicholas  Cole  ;    Sir  Thomas 
«  Riddel^  jun.    Sir   T^An    Cohpeper  ;    Mr.    Richard 

*  L/^,  now  called  Sir  Richard  Lloyd  ;  Mr.  David 
'  Jenkins  ;    Sir   George    Strode  ;    George    Carter  et, 
«  Efq  ;  now  call'd  Sir  George  Carteret  i   Sir  Charles 

*  Dallifon^    Knt.  Richard  Lane,   Efq  ;    now  called 
'Sir  Richard  Lane  ;    5/r  Edward  Nicholas  ;   'John 
«  Afoburnbam,   Efq  ;    Sir    Edward   Herbert,    Knt. 
<  his  Majcfty's  Attorney-General.     And  all  Papifts 

*  and  Popifh  Recufants,  who  hive  been,  now  are, 
«  or  fhall  be  actually  in  Arms,  or  voluntarily  af- 
'  fifting  againft  the  Parliament  of   E  r  gland  -,   and 

*  by  Name,   the  Marquis  of  Wmton  ;  Edward  Earl 

f 


*  of   Worcejler  ;  Lord  Brttdenell  j 

6  Efq  ;  Lord  Arundell  of  War  dour  :  Sir  Francis  How- 

*  ard;  Sir  JaAn  IVinter  \    Sir  CA<?r/«  5»wVA  j    Sir 
«  %^»    Pr^n  ;     Sir   &7/Z/  Brw/t  ;     Lord    >fcdfer, 

*  Earl  of  Caftlehaven  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  ; 
«  William  Shelden,  of  5^/y,  Efq;  Sir  //«ry   fi^- 

<  dixgfield.      And  all  Perfons  who  have  had    any 

*  Hand  in  the  pjotting,  defigning,  or  afiifting  the 

*  Rebellion  of  Ireland  except  fuch  Perfons  who, 

*  having  only  aflifted  the  faid  Rebellion,  have  ren- 

<  dered  themfelves,    or  come  in   to  the  Parliament 
'  of  England. 

SECOND  BRANCH. 

'  That    Humphrey   Bennet,    Efq  ;     Sir   Edward 
'-  Ford;  Sir  Jvha  P  tnruddvck  -,  Sir  George  Vaugban\ 


£f   ENGLAND.  61 

4  Sir  John  Weld\  Henry  Lyngen  Efq  ;  Sir    Henry  An.  24  Car.  I. 

*  Fletcher;  Sir    Richard   Mm/hull;   Laurence   Hal- ^ '*4*' 
'Jiead;   John  Denham,    Efq;  Sir  Robert  Lee ;   Sir 

4  John   rate;     "John    A  eland;    Edmund  IVindham, 
4  Efq ;   Sir   John   Fitzherbert ;    Sir  Edward  Law- 

*  rence;  Sir  Ralph  Dutton;  Sir  Edward  H/a!dgrave  $ 
4  Sir  Edward  Bijhop  ;  Sir  William  Rujel,  of  7^>r- 
'  cefterjhire  ;  Thomas    Lee,  of  Adlington^    Ffq  ;   Sir 
«7^«    Girlington;    Sir    /W  Afo/j    Sir 
'Thorold;   Sir  Edward  Hu/ey ;    Sir 

'  dfc/,  y^n.   Sir  Philip   Muf grave ;    Sir 

*  of  Nottinghamjhirc;   Sir  Robert  Owfey ;  Sir  John 
'  Many;  Sir  Edmond  Fortefcue*,  Peter  St.  /////,  Efq; 
«  Sir  7&WKW  r/7^y  ;   Sir  //^»ry   Griffith •>     Mi- 

*  cA^^/    Warton^     Efq  ;     Sir    //^«ry    ^//^r  ;     Mr. 
4  George  Benyon,    now    call'd    Sir  George   Benyon ; 

*  Lord    Cholmley ;     Sir  Thomas    Afton ;    Sir  Lewis 
c  Divef ;    Sir  P^/^r  OJborne ;    Samuel  Thornton^  Efq ; 

*  Sir  '/W-"*  Z-«r<7f  ;  y^«  B'aney^  Efq  ;  Sir  Thomas 
1  Cheddle;   Sir  Afa^Aw  &*/>  ;    //«^  I%J,  Efq  ; 
4  Sir  Nicholas  Crifpe ;    and  Sir  P^ter  Ricaut,  be  re- 

*  moved  from  his  Majefty's  Councils,  and  be  re- 
4  {trained  from  coming  within  the  Verge  of  the 

*  Court :  And  that  they  may  not,  without  the  Con- 
4  fent  of  both  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England, 
4  bear  any  Oifice,  or  have  any  Employment  con- 
4  cerning  the    State  or  Commonwealth.     And  in 
4  cafe  any  of  them  {hall  offend  therein,  to  be  guilty 

*  of  High  Treafon,  and  incapable  of  any  Pardon 
4  from  his  Majefty  ;  and  their  Eltates  to  be  difpo- 

*  fed  of  as  both  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  Eng-, 
4  land  {hall  think  fit.     And  that  one  full  third  Part 
'  thereof,  upon  full    Value  of  the  Eftates  of  the 
4  Perfons  aforefaid,  made  incapable  of  Employment 
4  as  aforefaid,  be  employed  for  the  Payment  of  pub- 
4  lie  Debts  and  Damages. 

4  And  that  the  late  Members,  or  any  who  pre- 

*  tended  themfelves  late  Members  of  either  Houfe 
'  of  Parliament,  who  have  not  only  deferted  the  Par- 
4  liament,  but  have  alfo  fat  in  the  unlawful  AfTem- 
4  bly  at  Oxford^  called  or  pretended  by  fome  to  be 
4  a  Piiriiament,  and  voted  the  Kingdom  of  Eng- 


62  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Ah.  24  Car.  I.  e  land  Traitors,  and  have  not  voluntarily  rendered 

t    l6*8'    J    «  themfelves  before  the  laft  of  Ottober,  1644,  be 

Oftober.      '  removed  from  his  Majefty's  Councils,  and  be  re- 

'  ftrained  from    coming  within  the  Verge  of  the 

*  Court ;  and  that  they  may  notj  without  Advice 

*  and  Confent  of   the  Kingdom  of  England,  bear 

*  any  Office,  or  have  any  Employment  concerning 

*  the  State  or  Commonwealth  :  And  in  cafe  any 

*  of  them  fhall  offend  therein,  to  be  guilty  of  High 

*  Treafon,    and  incapable  of  any  Pardon  by  his 

'  Majefty,  and  their  Eftates  to  be   difpofed  of  as  * 
'  tioth  Houfes  of  Parliament  in  England  {hall  think 
'fit. 

*  And  that  the  late  Members,   or  any  who  pre- 

*  tended  themfelves  Members  of  either  Houfe  of 
c  Parliament,  who  have  fat  in  the  unlawful  Affcm- 
4  bly  at  Oxford,  called  or  pretended  by  fome  to  be 

*  a  Parliament,  and  have  not  voluntarily  rendered 

*  themfelves  before  the  laft  of  Ofiober,  1644,  be  re- 

*  moved  from  his  Majefty's  Councils,  and  reftrain- 

*  ed  from  coming  within  the  Verge  of  the  Court ; 
4  and  that  they  may  not,  without  Advice  and  Con- 

*  fent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  bear  any  Of- 
'  fice,    or  have  any  Employment  concerning  the 

*  State   or  Commonwealth  :    And  in   cafe  any  of 

*  them   {hall  offend   therein,  to  be  guilty  of  High 

*  Treafon,  and  incapable  of  any  Pardon  from  his 

*  Majefty,  and  their  Eftates  to  be  difpofed  of  as  both 
4  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England  {hall  think 
«  fit. 

4  And  that  the  late  Members,  or  any  who  pre- 
'  tended  themfelves  Members  of  either  Houfe  of 
4  Parliament,  who  have  deferted  the  Parliament, 
'  and  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof,  and  have  not 

*  voluntarily  rendered  themfelves  before  the  laft  of 

*  Ofiober,    1644,    be  removed  from  his  Majefty's 
4  Councils,  and  be  reftrained  from  coming  within 
'  the  Verge  of  the  Court  j  and  that  they  may  not, 
'  without  the  Advice  and  Confent  of  both  Houfes 

*  of  Parliament,  bear  any  Office,  or  have  any  Em- 
'  ployment    concerning    the    State    or   Common- 

*  wealth  :  And. in  cafe   any   of  them  {hall  offend 

4  therein  y^ 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  63 

*  therein,  to  be  guilty  of  High  Treafon,  and  inca-  A"  24  c»r- 

*  pable  of  any  Pardon  from  his  Majefty,   and  thf  ir 

*  Eftates  to  be  difpofed  of  as  both  Houfes  of  Par- 

*  liament  in  England  fhall  think  fit. 

'  And  that  all  Judges  and  Officers  towards  the 

*  Law,   Common  or  Civil,   who  have  deferted  the 

*  Parliament,  and  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof, 
'  be  incapable  of  any  Place  of  Judicature,  or  Office 

*  towards  the  Law,  Common  or  Civil  :  And  that 

*  all  Serjeants,  Counfellors,  and  Attornies,  Doctors, 
6  Advocates,  and  Proctors  of  the  Law,  Common 

*  or  Civil,  who  have  deferted  the  Parliament,  and 
'  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof,  be  incapable  of 
''any  Practice  in  the  Law,   Common  or  Civil,  ei- 
'  ther  in  public  or  private  ;  and  fhall  not  be  capable 

*  of  any  Preferment  or  Employment  in  the  Com- 

*  monwealth,  without  the  Advice  and  Confent  of 

*  both  Houfes  of  Parliament.  And  that  no  Bifhop  or 

*  Clergyman,  no  Mafter  or  Fellow  of  any  College 
«  or  Hall  in  either  of  the  Univerfities,  or  elfewhere, 
'  or  any  Mafter  of  School  or  Hofpital,  or  any  Eccle- 

*  fiaftical  Perfon,  who  hath  deferted  the  Parliament, 
6  and  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof,  fhall  hold  or 

*  enjoy,  or  be  capable  of  any  Preferment  or  Em- 
'  ployment  in  Church  or  Commonwealth  :  But  all 

*  their  faid  feveral  Preferments,  Places,  and  Pro- 
'  motions  fhill  be  utterly  void  as  if  they  were  na- 

*  turally  dead  ;  nor  fhall  they  otherwife  ufe  their 

*  Functions  of  the  Miniftry,  without  the  Advice 

*  and  Confent  of  both  Houies  of  Parliament;  pro- 

*  vided  that  no  Lapfe  fhall  incur  by  fuch  Vacancy 

*  untill  fix  Months  paft  after  Notice  thereof. 

THIRD  BRANCH. 

*  That  all  Perfons  who  have  been  actually  in 

*  Arms  againft  the  Parliament,  or  have  counfelled 

*  or  voluntarily  affifted   the  Enemies  thereof,   be 

*  difabled    to    be  Sheriffs,  Juftices  of   the  Peace, 

*  Mayors,  or  other  Head-Officers  of  any  City  or 
'  Corporation,  Commiffioners  of  Oyer  and  Termi- 

*  ner,  or  to  fit  or  ferve  as  Members  or  Afliftants 

'iA 


64  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.    <  jn  either  of  the  Houfes  of  Parliament,  or  to  have 
*  4         ,c  any  Military  Employment  in  this  Kingdom,  with- 
'  out  tne  Confent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament. 

FOURTH    BRANCH. 
c  The  Perfons  of  all  others  to  be  free  of  all  per- 
'  fonal  Cenfure,  notwithftanding  any  AcT:    or  any 
'  Thing  done  in  or  concerning,  this  War,  they  ta- 

*  king  the  Covenant. 

FIFTH    BRANCH. 

*  The  Eftates  of  thofe  Perfons  excepted  in  the 
c  Firft  Branch,  and  the  Eftates  of  Edward  Lord 
c  Littleton,  and  of  William  Laud,  late  Archbifhop 
'  of  Canterbury^  to  pay  public  Debts  and  Da- 
'  mages. 

SIXTH     BRANCH. 

'  That  two  full  Parts  in  three  to  be  divided  of  alj 
'  the  Eftates  of  the  late  Members  of  either  Houfe  of 

*  Parliament,  who  have  not  only  deferted  the  Par- 

*  liament,  but  have  alfo  voted    the  Kingdom  of 
'  England  Traitors,  and  have  not  rendered  them- 
'  felves  before  the  nrft  of  December ^  1645,  (hall  be 

*  taken  and  employed  for  the  Payment  of  the  pub- 

*  lie  Debts  and  Damages  of  the  Kingdom. 

'  And  that  two  full  Parts  in  three  to  be  divided 
'  of  the  Eftates  of  fuch  late  Members  of  either 

*  Houfe  of  Parliament  as  fat  in  the  unlawful  Af- 
'  fembly    at  Oxford^   and  fhall   not  have  rendered 
'  themfelves    before  the   firft  of  December ',    1645, 

*  fhall  be  taken  and  employed   for  the  Payment  of 
'  the  public  Debts  and  Damages  of  the  Kingdom. 

4  And  that  one  full  Moiety  of  the  Eftates  of  fuch 

*  Perfons,  late  Members  of  either  of  the  Houfes  of 

*  Parliament,  who  have  deferted   the  Parliament, 

*  and  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof,  and  fhall  not 

*  have  rendered  themfelves  before  the  firft  of  De- 
'  cember^   1645,  fhall  be  taken  and  employed   for 
'  the  Payment  of  the  public  Debts  and  Damages  of 
4  the  Kingdom. 

6  That  a   full  third  Part  of  the  Value  of  the 

*  Eftates  of  all  Judges  and   Officers  towards  the 

'Law 


cf   ENGLAND.  6$ 

Law,  Common  or  Civil,  and  of  all  Serjeants,  An.  24  Car.  r. 
Counfellors,  and  Attornies,  Doctors,  Advocates,  t  l648' 
and  Pro&orsof  the  Law,  Common  or  Civil  ;  and 
of  all  Bifhops,  Clergymen,  Matters  and  Fellows 
of  any  Colleg'e  or  Hall,  in  eirher  of  the  Univer- 
fities,  or  elfewhere  ;  and  of  all  Mailers  of  Schools 
or  Hofpitals  ;  and  of  all  Ecclefiaftical  Perfons 
who  have  deferted  the  Parliament,  dnd  adhered 
to  the  Enemies  thereof,  and  have  not  rendered 
themfelves  to  the  Parliament  before  the  firft  of 
December,  1645,  (hall  be  taken  and  employed  fct 
the  Payment  of  the  public  Debts  and  Damages  of 
the  Kingdom. 

«  And  that  a  full  fixth  Part  of  the  full  Value  of 
the  Eftates  of  the  Perfons  excepted  in  the  third 
Branch,  concerning  fuch  as  have  been  actually  in 
Arms  againft  the  Parliament,  or  have  counielied, 
or   voluntarily  affifted  the  Enemies  thereof,   and 
are  difabled  according  to  the  faid  Branch,  be  taken  ' 
and  employed  for  the  Payment  of  the  public  Debts 
and  Damages  of  the  Kingdom. 

SEVENTH     BRANCH. 
c  That  the  Perfons  and  Eftates  of  all  common 
'  Soldiers,  and  others  of   this  Kingdom  of  Eng- 

*  land,  who,  in  Lands   and   Goods,   be  not  worth 

*  200  /.  Sterling,  be  at  Liberty,  and  difcharged. 

EIGHTH    BRANCH. 
«  That  the  firft  of  May  laft,  is  now  the  Day  li- 
4  mitted  for  the  Perfons  to  come  in  that  are  compri- 
'  fed  within  the   former  Branches.     Provided  .that 

*  all  and  every  the  Delinquents,  which  by  or  ac- 
'  cording  to  the  feveral  and  refpecYive  Ordinances 

*  or  Orders,  made  by  both  or  either  of  the  Houfes  of 

*  Parliament,  on  or  before  the  24th  Day  of  Aprtl^ 
'*  1647,  are  to  be  admitted  to  make  their  Fines  and 

'  Compofitions  under  the  Rates  and  Proportions  of 
'  the  Branches  aforefaid,  (hall,  according  to  the  faid 

*  Ordinances  and  Orders  refpe&ively,  be  thereunto 

*  admitted.     And  farther  alib,  that  no  Perfon  or 

VOL.  XVIII.  E  *  Pe:fons 


66  *Tke  Parliamentary  H  i  s  f  b  R  V" 

An.  23  Car.  I.  <  Perfons  whatfoever  (except  fuch  Papifts  as  ha- 
'  in&  ^een  'n  Arms,  or  voluntarily  affifted  againfl 
'  tne  Parnarnent»  have,  by  concealing  their  Qua- 

*  Jityj   procured  their  Admiffion  to  Compofition) 
'  which  have  already  compounded,   or  fhall  here- 

*  after  compound,    and  be  thereunto  admitted  by 
'  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,   at  any  of  the  Rates 
'.and  Proportions  aforefaid,  or  under,  respectively, 
'  ihall  be  put  to  pay  any  other  Fine  than  they 
'  have,  or  fhall  refpe&ively  fo  compound  for  (ex- 
'  cept  for  fuch  Effates,  or  fuch  Part  of  their  Eftate?  , 

*  and  for  fuch  Values  thereof  i  efpeclively  as  have 
'  been,  or  (hall  be  concealed  or  omitted  in  the  Par- 

*  ticulars-  whereupon  they  compound  ;)    and  that 

*  all  and  every  of  them  fhafl  have  thereupon   their 
1  Pardons,  in  fuch  Maimer  and  Form  as  is  agreed 
'  by  both  Houfes-  of  Parliament. 

'  And  that  an  Aft.  be  pafled,  whereby  the  Debts 

*  of  the  Kingdom,  and  the  Perfons  of  Delinquents* 

*  and  the  Value  of  their  Eftates  may  be  known  ^ 

*  and  which  Aft  (hall  appoint  in  whaf  Manner  the 

*  ConnYcatkms  and  Proportions  before-mentioned 

*  may  be  levied  and  applied  to  the  Difc:.arge  of  the 

*  faid  Engagements.' 

fry  ths 


In  the   Commons  'Vournak  of  this  Dlay,  Tuefdaf* 

1  nc  Commons,     —       .  /-     i     i        /*   n   *^*i  •          i 

arthe  Requeftof  Oftooer  17,  we  nnd  the  nrlt  I  rung  done  was  to 

the  Speaker,  re-  refolve,  That  at  the  rifmgofthe  Houfe'they  would 

forlx^fl0""1  adjourn  to  the  next  Monday  :  and  that  the  Lords 

be  acquainted  with  that  Refolution.  -------  Thofe 

Authorities  do  not  affiga  any  Reafon  for-  fo  long  an 
Adjournment:  But  a  Contemporary  Writer  (h}y 
1  whofe  Account  of  the  Debates  of  thefe  Times  co- 
incides very  minutely  with  the  Votes  and  Rcfolu- 
tions  of  the  Houfe  as  recorded  in  their  Jcarnah^ 
informs  us,  '  That  this  was  a  Project  of  tiie  Inde- 
pendent Party  tp  delay  the  Treaty,  in  which  the 
Speaker  himfelf  was  to  be  the  prime  A&or  ; 
and  that  in  order  thereto,  prefently  after  he  had 

«  taken 

(k)  Mtrwrivt  Pragmaticus,  No..  yo« 


of   ENGLAND. 

taken  the  Chairj    and  the  Houfe  being  yet  very  A 
thin,   he  ftood   up  and  faid,  '  Gentlemen,    I  have 
certain  Infirmities   growing  upon  me,  for  Preven- 
tion whereof  I   dcfire  to  have  foine  Ti;ne   for  the 
taking  of  Phyfic ;    and  therefore  make  it  my  ear- 
neft   Dcfire  that  you  would  be  pleafed   to  adjourn 
the  Houfe  till  Monday  next.'     Moft  of  the  Mem- 
bers then   prefenc  being  in  the  Secret,  there  was  a 
general  Cry  for  an  Adjournment;    But  they  were 
iropt  a  little  in  their  Career  by  others  ;  who,   con- 
fidently that  Mr.  Speaker  had  not  been  much  trou- 
bled   with    Melancholy    fince    General    Cromwell 
comforted  him  by  a  Letter  about  his  Victory  over 
the  Scott)  pleaded,  '  That  Mr.  Speaker,   G.od   be 
blefs'd,  look'd   very  well  and   healthy  of  late  ;  and 
they  hop'd  his  Maladies  were    not   rhore   prefling 
than   the  Affairs  of  the    Public  ;    urging,    withal!, 
How  great  an  Inconvenience  an  Adjournment  muft 
needs  be,  in  this  Inftant  of  a  Treaty^   whereof  all 
Tranfactions   were  to  be  reported  continually  to 
the  Houfe  ;    fo    that  their  not  fitting  for  a  Week 
might  be  extremely   prejudicial  to  the  fpeedy  Pro- 
grefs  of  the  Treaty^  and  be  a  Meahs  to  defeat  the 
Hopes   and   Expectations  of  the  whole  Kingdom, 
if  Matters  were  not  concluded  in  the  forty  Days 
alloted.    Ami  therefore  they  begg'd  of  Mr.  Speaker 
to  difpence  a  little  with  his  own  Occafions,  rathcf 
than  bring   fo  great  a  Hazard  upon  the  Treaty* 
Notwithftandirtg  which  it   was  carried  for  an  Ad- 
journment, and  ordered  that  a  Meflage  be  fent  to 
the  Houfe  of  Lords  to  defirc  them  to  adjourn  to  the 
fame  Time^ 

The  Lords  were  greatly  furpfized  at  this  Mef- 
fage  5  but,  apprehending  the  Defign,  iriftead  of  gi- 
ving their  Concurrence  to  this  Adjournment,  fenC 
Serjeant  Finch  and  Dr.  Heath  to  dcfire  a  prefent 
Conference  with  the  Commons  about  it.  By  this 
Time  that  Houfe  began  to  fill,  and  the  Motion 
for  a  prefent  Conference  was  agreed  to.  Soon  af- 
ter Mr.  Swynfen  reported,  «  That  the  Lords  look 
upon  the  Treaty  with  the  Kin?  to  be  a  Matter  of 
E  2  th* 


An.  24  Car. 
1648. 


68  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Tt  the  high^fl  Concernment  to  the  Kingdom ;  that 
their  fitting  at  this  Time  was  abfolutely  neceflary 
Odtober.  for  the  Affiftance  of  their  Commiilioners,  by  re- 
turning the  Senfe  of  the  Houfes  upon  fuch  Mat- 
ters as  fnould  be  communicated  to  them  from  the 
Me  of  Wight ;  that  fo  long  an  Adjournment  muft 
obftiu6l  the  Prcgrefs  of  the  Treacy;  and  there- 
fore th?y  denred  the  Commons  would  forbear  to 
adjourn.'  Upon  this  a  Member  ftood  up  and  ob- 
jected, *  That  the  Lords  did  not  give  this  Anfwer 
of  themftlves,  but  had  others  to  put  it  into  their 
Mouths.'  He  laid  further,  c  Mr.  Speaker,  this 
Anfwer  of  the  Lords  is  Brain  of  our  Brain,  for 
they  have  plowed  with  our  Keifer",  fome  among 
ourfelves  having  intruded  them  what  to  fay,  and 
how  to  behave  thcmfelves  touching  this  Adjourn- 
ment.' He  was  feconded  by  Sir  Thomas  IProth^ 
who  faid,  '  Mr.  Speaker,  I  conceive  we  have 
Power  of  adjourning  our  own  Houfe,  without  afk- 
ing  Leave  of  the  Lords  ;  and  therefore  I  think  we 
fhould  do  well  to  take  this  Occafion  to  vindicate 
our  own  Authority,  as  not  depending  upon  the 
Lords,  and  ftand  to  this  Morning's  Vote  for  an 
Adjournment  till  Monday.' 

To  this  a  Member  anfwered,  '  I  muft  confefs, 
Mr.  Speaker,  the  Houfe  hath  voted  this  Day  to 
adjourn,  and  that  it  is  contrary  to  iiie  Courfe  of 
Parliament  for  any  Member  to  move  for  the  re- 
calling of  a  Vote  ;  yet  I  am  not  without  a  Precedent 
for  it,  and  that  a  very  late  one  too;  for,  Mr. 
Speaker,  you  may  remember  that  when  the  Houfe 
had  refolved,  according  to  the  King's  Duiie  by 
Letter,  that  nothing  concluded  in  part  fhould  be 
binding,  unlefs  the  whole  were  agreed  upon  by 
Treaty;  yet,  within  two  Days  after  this  Vote  was 
parTed,  you  gave  Leave  to  Mr.  Natbaniael  Stephens^ 
Mr,  Lifte^  and  others,  (though  tb/_y  were  cried 
down)  to  impugn  it ;  and  therefore  1  defire  to  take 
the  fame  Liberty  to  move,  That  this  Refolution 
for  adjourning  may  be  recalled,  it'  refte&i 
much,  in  my  Conceit,  upon  the  Honour  of  the 

Houfe, 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  69 

Houfe,  both  in  the  Manner  of  obtaining  this  Vote,  An.  24   Car.  i« 

it  being  parted   in   a  thin  Houfe,    before  we   were  ^ f 

well  come  together ;  and  alfo  in  the  Nature  of   it,       oftober. 
which  muft  needs  diftnrb  the  Treaty,   and  bring  a 
Scandal  upon  us   in  the  Opinion  of  the  People,  as 
if  we  deiired  no  good  Succefs  of  it,  when  we  thus 
endeavoured  to  hinder  its  Progrefs.' 

To  this  it  was  replied,  '  That  they  had  no  In- 
tent,  in  adjourning,  to  hinder  the  Progrefs  of  the 
Treaty,  but  only  to  fatisfy  the  Defire  of  Mr. 
Speaker,  who  had  Occafion  to  take  Phyfic  ;  and 
God  forbid  but  the  Houfe  fliould  yield  to  his  Re- 
queft  upon  fofieceiTary  an  Occafion.' 

The  Speaker,  now  finding  the  whole  Blame  of 
this  Adjournment  like  to  fall  upon  hitpfelf,  deter- 
mined to  make  a  handfome  Retreat ;  and  thereupon 
flood  up  and  faid,  '  That,  perceiving  there  were 
many  Jealoiifies  raifed  about  his  Defire  of  adjourn- 
ing the  Houfe  only  for  his  Health's  Sake,  rather 
than  give  Offence  he  was  com  en t  to  run  the  Ha-  ' 

zard  of  his  Life,    and   fpend  it   in  the   Service  of  „ 
i       n    i  f     >         TT  •  i      T>L         i      But  revoke  that 

the  Public.  —  Hereupon  it  was  agreed,   That  the  Refolution  by 

Refolution  of  Adjournment  pafs'd  in  the  Morning,  Defire  of  the 
be  revoked.  Lords- 

It  may  be  remembered  that,  under  the  Proceed-  Account  of  Ge- 
ingsofthis  Month,  we  gave  the  Copy  of  a  Letter  neraicromwell's 
from  Lieutenant-General  Cromwell  to  the  Speaker  ?f.ccPtlo?at  ' 
of  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  dated  Berwick,  Ofl.  2, 
fignifying,  inter  alia,  That  having  fome  Things 
to  deiirs  of  the  Committee  of  Eftates  of  Scotland, 
he  intended  to  fet  out  that  Day  for  Edinburgh. 
This  he  did  accordingly  in  great  Pomp,  attended 
by  the  Lord  Elchoe,  Lodowick  Lejley^  the.  late  Go- 
vernor of  Berwick,  and  three  Regiments  of  Horfe 
of  his  own  Army.  About  three  Miles  before  he 
reached  that  City  he  was  met  by  the  Earl  of  Leven, 
the  Lord  Kirkcudbright,  and  Major-General  Hoi" 
borne,  who  conducted  him  to  the  Earl  of  Murray's 
Houie  in  the  Canongate,  which  was  provided  tor 
his  Reception,  where  he  had  a  Guard  of  Soldiers 
E  3  placed 


jo  *Fbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  23  Car.  I.   placed  at  the  Gate  Night  and   Day.     He  arrived 

*-  l6!,4-.-^>  *here  on  thc  4th'  upon  Notice  wnere°f  the  Lord- 
QftobeJ.  Chancellor  Loudon,  the  Marquis  of  Argyle^  the 
Earl  of  Lfveat  the  Earl  of  Cajfils,  Lord  Burle^ 
Lord  frari/lont  and  many  other  Perfons  of  Quality, 
came  to  compliment  him.  The  next  Day  a  De- 
putation being  fent  to  him  from  the  Committee  of 
Eftates,  to  know  what  he  had  to  communicate,  he 
delivered  to  them  the  following  Paper  : 

Right  Honour  able  ^  Off.  5,  1648. 

APaperpre-       <  ir   Shau   be  eyer   read      tf)  bear   Witnefs  of   your 
fented  by  him      /-IT        in  •          r«  i       /•  i       TV-    i  i 

to  the  Commit-          Lordihips    I1  orwardnefs    to    ao  Right   to  the 
tec  of  Eftates  j   '  Kingdom  of  England,  in  reftorina;  the  Garrifons 

*  of  Berwick  and  Carlijle  ;   and  having  received  fa 
'  good  a  Pledge   of  your  Refolutions  to  maintain 
'  Amity  and  a  good  Underftanding    between  the 

*  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Scotland^   it  makes  me 

*  not    to   doubt  but  that  your  Lordfhips  will  fur- 
4  ther  grant  what,  in  Juftice  an3  Reaibn,  may  be 
'  demanded. 

*  I  can  affure  your  Lordfhips  that  the  Kingdom 
8  of  England  did  forefee  that  wfcked  Deiign  of  the 
1  Malignahts  in  Scotland,  to  break  all  Engagements 

*  of  Faith  and  Honefty  between  the  Nations,  and 
6  to  take  from  the  Kingdom  of  England  the  Towns 

*  of  Berwidi'  and  Carlijle  ;    and  altho'  they  could 
.'  have   prevented    the   Lofs  of  thcfe  confiderable 

*  Towns,  without  Breach  of  the  Treaty,  by  lay- 

*  ing  Forces  clofe  unto  them  ;   yet   fuch  was  the 

*  Tendernefs  of  the  Parliament  of  England  not  to 

*  give  the  leaft   Sufpicion  of  a    Breach   with  the 
6  Kingdom   of  Scotland,   that  they    did   forbear  to 

*  do  any  Thing  therein.     It  is  not  unknown  to 
'  your  Lordfhips,  when   the  Malignants  had  got- 
'  ten   the  Power  and   poflefied  themfelves  of  thefc 
'  Towns,    how   they  protected  and  employed    our 
6  ErgliJJ}  Malignants,    tho',  demanded  by  our  Par- 
4  liament;    and  with  what  Violence  and  unheard- 

*  of  Cruelties  they  raifed  an  Army,  began  a  War, 

*  and  invaded   the  Kingdom  of  England ;  and  en- 

'  deavoureJj 


cf   ENGLAND.  71 

*  deavoured,  to  the  utmoft  of  their  Power,  to  en-  An<  23  Car- 

*  ga^e   both    Kingdoms    in    a    perpetual  Quarrel ;     v    '-  7' 

*  and  what  Biood  they  have  fpilt  in  our  Kingdom,       odtober, 

*  and   what  great  Lofs  and  Prejudice  was   brought 
'  upon  our  Nation,  even  to  the  endangering  the 
'  total  Ruin  thereof:  And  although  God  did,  by  a 
'  moft  mighty  and  ftrong  Hand,  and  that  in  a  won- 
'  derful  Manner,    deftroy  their  Defigns,  yet   it  is 
f  clearly  apparent  that   the  fame  ill   affe&ed  Spirit 

*  ftills  remains;   and  that  there  are  divers  Perfons 
f  of  great  Quality  and  Power,  who   were  either 

*  the  Contrivers,   Actors,  or  Abettors  of  the  late 

*  unjuft  War  made  upon  the  Kingdom  of  England  ; 
'  who  now,  in  Scotland,  undoubtedly  do  wait  for  all 

*  Advantages  and  Opportunities  to  raife  Difiention 
'  and  Divifion  between  the  Nations. 

'  Now,  forafmuch  as  I  am  commanded  to  pro- 

*  fecute  the  remaining  Part  of  the  Army  that  in- 
1  vaded    the  Kingdom  of  England,    wherefoever  it 
c  (hould  go,  to  prevent  the  like  Miferies  ;  and  con- 

4  fidering  that  divers  of  that  Army  are  retired  into 

*  Scotland,   and  that  fome  of  the  Heads  of  thpfe 

*  Malignants    are  raifmg  new  Forces  in  Scotland 
'  to  carry  on  the  fame  D.efign,  and  that  they  will 
'  certainly  be  ready  to  do  the  like  upon  all  Occa- 

*  (ions  of  Advantage  :  \w\  forafmuch  as  the  King- 

*  dom  of  England,  hath  lately  received  £3  great  Da- 
«  mage  by  the  Failing  of  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland, 
i  in  not  fuppref&ng  Malignants  and  Incendiaries  as 
^  they  ought  to  have  done ;  and  by  fufFering  fuch 

*  Perfons  to  be    put  into  Places  of  Truft  in  the 
^  Kingdom,  who,  by  their  Intereft  in  the  Parlia- 
*.  ment  and  Countries,  brought  the    Kingdom  of 

*  Scotland,  fo  fcir  as   they  could,  by  an  unjuft  En- 

*  gagement,  to  invade  and  make   War  upon  their 

*  Brethren  of  England:  My  Lords,    I  hold  myfelf 
«  obliged,  in  Profecution  of  my  Duty  and  Inftruc- 
f  tions,  to  dc-mund  that  your  Lprdfhips  will  give 

*  Aifarance,    in    the    Name   of  the  Kingdom  of 

*  Scotland,  that  you  will   not   admit  or  fuffer  any 

5  who  have  been  active  in,  or  conferring  to,  the 

E  -  *  /"aid 


164.3. 

— v 

Odober. 


72  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  34  Car.  T.  e  faid  Engagement  againft  England^  or  have  lately 
'  been  in  Arms,  at  Stirling  or  elfewhere,  in  the 
'  Maintenance  of  that  Engagement,  to  be  employ- 

*  ed  in  any  public  Place  or  Truft  whatfoever;  that 

*  thereby   they  may  be  difabled   from  renewing  or 
'  reinforcing  their  former  Engagement.     And  this 
'  is  the  leaft  Security  Lean  demand. 

'  My  Lords,  I  have    received   an  Order  from 

*  both  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England,  which 
'  I  hold    fit   to  communicate  to  your  Lcrdfhips, 
'  whereby  you    will    underftand  the  Readinefs  of 

*  the  Kingdom  of  England  to  aflift  you  who  were 
'  Diflenters  from  the  Invafion  :  And  I  doubt  not  but 
4  your  Lordfhips  will  be  as  ready  to  give  fuch  fur- 
'  ther  Satisfaction,  as  they  in  their  Wifdoms  fhall 
e  find  Caufe  to  defire.' 

O.  CROMWELL. 

In  Return   to  this    Paper  the  fame  Deputation 
brought  back  the  following  Anfwer  : 

For  the  Han,   Lieutenant-General  CROMWELL. 

'  SIR,  Oa.  6.  1648. 


Jaeir  Anfwer. 


«  T  T  Aving  confidered  your  Letter,    of  the   5th 
'  £  J.   Inftant,  we  return  you  this  Anfwer  ;   That 

*  as  we  did  diffent  from,   and  proteft  againft,  the 
'taking    of  the  Towns   of  Berwick  and   CflrliJIe, 
*.  and  likewife  againft  the  late  Engagement,  againft 
'  England',   and  as  we  did  rife  in  Arms  againft  the 

*  Contrivers  and  Abetters  of  that  Engagement,  and 

*  have  been  forward  in  ufmg  our  beft  Endeavours 
'  for  reftoring  your  Garrifons  ;  fo,   before  the  Re- 
'  ceipt  of  yours,  we  had  pafled  feme  Acls  upon 

*  the  22d  of  September  laft,    and   the  4111  of  this 

*  Month ;  and  had  refolved  to  put  fortii  a  Bec'la- 
'  ration   to  the  Kingdom,  which  we  do    iikcwife 

*  communicate  unto  you,   by  which  you  will  per- 

*  ceive  that  it  hath  been  our  earneft  Care,  and  real 
'  Endeavour,   to   do  the  fame  Things  which  you 

*  demand  in  your  Letter. 

'  In  the  large  Treaty   betwixt  the  Kingdoms, 

<  Anno  1641,  "we  did  defire   that  honeft'Men  of 

•"     *  -  '••  '  known 


of    ENGLAND. 

*  known  Integrity  and  Ability  might  be  employed 

*  in  the  Places  of  greateft  Truft  and  Power  within  ^ 
4  this  Kingdom  ;  and  fad   Experience  hath  taught 

4  us  that  no  Bonds    nor   Ties  between  the  King- 

*  doms,  even  the  ftriilteft  of  Covenants  or  Treaties, 

*  can  reftrain   Men  of  corrupt  Minds    and  Judg- 

*  ments  ;   but  that,    whenever  they  find  an  Oppof- 
4  tunity,  they  will  be  ready  to  purfue  their  own  linds 
1  and  Defigns,    to  the  Hazard  of  the   Peace,  and 

*  breaking  the  Union  between  the  Kingdoms. 

*  In  the  Year  1643,  when  fome  Members  of 
4  both  Houfes,  aflembled  at  Oxford,  had  voted  both 
4  Kingdoms  Traitors,  we  did  defire  from  the  Ho- 
4  nourable  Houfes,  and  it  was  granted,  and  mu- 
'  tually  agreed  upon  in  the  Proportions  of  both 
4  Kingdoms,  presented  to  the  King's  Majefty  at 

*  Oxford,   That  the  Members  of  either  Houfe  of 

*  Parliament,  who  had  not  only  defertcd  the  Par- 
4  liair.'ent,  but  alfo  voted  both  Kingdoms  Traitors, 

*  fhould  be  removed   from  his  Majefty's  Councils, 
'  and  be  reftrained  from  coming  within  the  Verge 

*  of  the  Court ;  and  that  they  fhould  not,  without 

*  the  Advice  and  Confent  of  both  Kingdoms,  bear 

*  any  Office,  or  have  any  Employment,  concerning 

*  the  State  or  Commonwealth ;  and  we  cannot  denjr 

*  but  your  Demand  of  Aflurance  from  this  King- 

*  dom  is  reafonable,  that  thofe  who  have  been  ac- 
4  tive  in,  or  confenting  to,  the  late  unlawful  En- 

*  gagement  againft  England,    be   not  employed  in 

*  any  public  Place  or  Truft  whatfoever  ;  wherefore 
'  we  do  accept  of  this  your  Deftre  as  a  real  Tefti- 
4  mony  of  your   Refpecl  to  this  Kingdom,   and  of 
4  your  Intentions  to  preferve  the  Uriion  betwixt  the 

*  Kingdoms  :  And  we  do  hereby  engage  ourfelves, 
4  in  the  Name  of  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland,  to  erri- 

*  ploy  our  utmoft  Endeavours  that  none  who  have 
4  been  a&ive  in,  or  confenting  to,  the  faid  Engage- 
4  ment  againft  England,  or  have  lately  been  in  Arms, 
4  at  Stirling  or  elfewhere,  in  Maintenance  or  Pur- 
'  fuance  of  that  Engagement,  be  employed  in  any 

*  public  Place   or  Truft  whatfoever,  without   the 
'  *  Advice  and  Confent  of  the  Kingdom  of  England  \ 

*  that 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

c  that  thereby  they  may  be  difabled  from  renewing 

'  or  reinforcing  their  former  Engagement,  or  in- 

oaober.  *  fringing  the  Union  and  Peace  between  the  King- 
c  doms.  And  as  the  Kingdom  of  England  is  now 
'  careful  to  have  this  Aflurance  from  this  Kingdom, 
'  fo  we  do  not  doubt  but  the  Honourable  Houfes 
'  of  Parliament,  according  to  their  Offers  of  Aflift- 

*  ance  at  this  Time,  will  be  ready  to  aflift  us  upon 
'  all  other  Occafions  hereafter,  to  make  good  this 
'  our  Undertaking. 

*  And  if  it  fhall  pleafe  God  to  blefs  thefe  cove- 
f  nanted  Kingdoms  with  a  fettled  Peace,  we  truft 
'  that,  in  any  Agreement  that  fhall  be  made  with 

*  his  Majefty,    the  Kingdom  of  England  will  be 
'  careful  that   this  may  be  regarded  as  a  neceffary 

*  Condition  of  Peace ;   and  to  the  end  any  Peace, 
'  which  fhall  be  agreed    upon,  may  be  the  more 
'  durable,    we  do    alfo  earneftly  defire  that  thofe 

*  who  fhall  be  employ 'd  in  public  Place  or  Truft  in 
'  England,  may  be  fuch  as  love  to  preferve  Union 

*  and  Amity  betwixt  the  Nations. 

e  We  do  hold  ourfelves  very  much  obliged  to 
c  the  Honourable  Houfes  of  Parliament  for  their 

*  kind  Offers  of  Afliftance,  expreffed  in  their  Votes 

*  of  the  28th  of  September  laft  ;  and  fhall  commu- 
'  nicate  Counfels   with  you  concerning  the  fame, 

*  that  their  affording  Afliftance  to  this    Kingdom 

*  may  be  fo  ordered   as  may  be  moft  ufeful  to  us, 
«  and  leaft  prejudicial  to  the  Affairs   of  England: 
'  And  you  may  reft  very  well  allured,  that  we  fhalL 

*  always  be  ready  to  give  Satisfaction  to  the  Ho- 

*  nourable  Houfes,  in  every  Thing  which  maycon~ 
«  duce  to  the  ftrengthening  of  the  Union,  and  fet- 

*  tling  the  Peace  oAhefe  diftra&ed  Kingdoms  j  and 

*  to  give  real  Evidence  that  we  are 

Tvur  affettionate  Friends  and  Servants^ 

Signed  in  the  Name  and  by 
the  Warrant  of  the  Com- 
,-  mittee  of  Ejiates,  by  LOUDON,  Ctnc\ 

JPuring 

ff 


gf   ENGLAND.  75 

Daring  Cromwell's    Stay    at  Edinburgh,    feveral  An-  *}  car.  j, 

Commififoners  from   the  Kirk,    the  Lord  Provo.l,  ^ _^ 

the  Magiftrates,  and  principal  Citizens,  came -to  October, 
vifi:  him.  By  Order  of  the  Committee  of  Eftatcs, 
the  Charges  of  him  and  all  hjs  Attendants  were 
cL-fray'd  by  the  City  ;  they  were  alfo  entertained 
by  the  Marquis  of  Arg-jlc  and  the  Earl  of  Leven,  at 
aVumptuous  Banquet  at  the  Caftle ;  and,  at  their 
going  away,  they  were  faluted  by  the  Cattle  Guns 
and  Volites  of  fmall  Arms.  Several  Lords  alfo 
convoyed  them  out  of  the  City,  on  their  Way  back 
to  Carirjle. 

On  the  gth  Cromiuell  wrote  a  Letter  from  Dal- 
"houfey,  which  was  this  Day,  Oft.  17,  read  in  the 
Houfe  of  Commons,  inclofing  the  two  foregoing 
Papers  that  patted  between  the  Committee  of 
Eftates  and  himfelf,  and  alfo  a  Declaration  con- 
cerning their  Proceedings  in  Oppofition  to  the-late 
unlawful  Engagement  againft  England  (d).  The  The  Common^ 
Commons  hereupon  pafs'd  a  Vote  in  Approbationfafs  a  Vote  of 
of  General  CromwiWs  Conduftj  ordered  theThanks  ^ 
of  that  Houfe  to  be  returned  him,  as  a  Tefrimony 
of  his  good  Services ;  and  appointed  a  Committee 
to  prepare  a  Letter  for  that  Purpofe,  to  be  fjgn'd  by 
their  Speaker.  But  none  of  t^fe  Refolutioas  w.ere 
fent  to  the  Lords  for  their  Concurrence. 

Oft.  1 8.  Mr.  Serjeant  Wylde  reminded  the  Houfe  Debate  on  the 
of  Commons,   That,    on  Friday  l*ft,  AeyMwing^g^* 

rejected  the  Petition  of  Abraham  Dowcet  for  Bail, 
upon  many  weighty  Reafons  ;  as  that,  by  confpi- 
ring  with  OJborne  againft  that  gallant  Gentleman 
Major  Ralph,  he  had  not  only  wrong'd  him,  but 
endeavoured  to  take  away  the  Honour  and  the 

Lives 

(d)  All  thefe  were  ordered  by  the  Iloufc  of  Commons  to  be  print- 
ed, but  th.it  Edition  is  not  in  our  Collection  of  Pamphlets.  The 
Copies  we  l.ave  givsn  of  the  Paper  delivered  by  Cromwell  to  the 
Committee  of  Eftates,  and  their  Anfwer,  are  taken  from  a  Journal  of 
the  Times,  intituled,  The  Moderate  Intelligencer,  printed  for  R.  Ley- 
to-jrn,  and  lirenfecl  by  Gilbert  Mabbot.  Several  Extr.idls  o.f  Letters  and 
Intelligence  in  Air.  Rujtsivurtl^s  Collcftions  are  copied  from  this 
Journal,  • 


76  *Tt>e  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

.  24  Car.  .1  Lives  of  many  faithful  Perfons,  and  brought  great 
l648'      t  Scandal  upon  the  Houfes  and  the  Army  ;  and  there- 
October,      upon  ordered  a  Charge  to  be  brought  in  againft  the 
faid  Dowcet  this  Day  :  He  had,  in  Obedience  there- 
to, prepaired  a  Charge  accordingly,  and  defired  it 
might  be  put   in  a  Way  fo  as  to   bring  him  to  a 
ipeedy  Trial. 

To  this  it  was  anfwered,  *  That  the  Inftant  of 
a  Treaty  was  no  good  Time  for  letting  of  Blood, 
it  being  a  Way  rather  to  exafperate  than  compofe 
Differences  ;  and  fuch  as  would  caufe  the  World 
to  imagine,  which  they  were  apt  enough  to  do  al- 
ready, that  the  Intentions  of  the  Houfe  were  not 
for  Peace  :  That  if  Dowcet  had  offended,  by  being 
a  W^tnefs  againft  Major  Ralph,  the  Matter  con- 
cerned not  the  public  Confideration  of  the  Houfe, 
but  related  only  to  Rolph  as  a  private  Perfon  ;  and 
for  private  Injuries  the  Law  is  open  :  That  the 
Crime  alfo,  if  any,  was  bailable  by  Law ;  and 
therefore  they  mov'd  that  Dewcet  might  be  bailed, 
and  Rolpb  left  to  feek  his  Remedy  by  the  ordinary 
Courfe  of  Law.' 

This  "was  oppofed  by  the  Independent  Party, 
•who  preficd  hard  for  reading  the  Charge;  alledg- 
ing,  '  That  Dowcet  ought  to  be  brought  to  exem- 
plary Punifhment,  as.  one  that  had  confpired  againft 
the  Houfe  and  the  Army,  by  raifmg  a  Scandal  up- 
on them  ;  and  thereby  had  endeavoured,  as  much 
as  in  him  lay,  to  expofe  them  to  the  Hatred  and 
Fury  of  the  People:  Alfo,  That  both  he  and  Of- 
lorne  ought  to  be  proceeded  againft  as  Incendiaries, 
having  fet  abroach  this  Accufation,  on  Purpofe  to 
incite  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland  to  the  late  Invafion 
againft  England ;  as  appears  by  their  Declaration  (*), 
published  upon  their  coming  into  this  Kingdom.* 

To  this  it  was  replied,  '    That  neither  OJborne 
nor  Dowcet  had  charged  any  Thing  on  the  Houfe, 
or  any  parti-  ular  Man  in  it ;    and    therefore  they 
could  not    be  faid    to  have  confpired   againft   the 
Houfe,  by  accuung  Rolpb  ;  nor  had  any  particu- 
lar 
(t)  la  our  Seventeenth  Volume,  p.  314.. 


^ENGLAND.  77 

lar  Members  Reafon  to  think  themfelves  prejudiced    An  44.  car.  I. 

thereby,  fmce  they  were  not  named,  nor  any  Mtm-         l(>43- 

ber  of  the  Army,  and  none  but  Ralph  was  accufed  :       O6tober. 

And  whereas  it  wa^  faid,  This  Accufadon  was  a 

Means   to  incite  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland  to  their 

late  Invafion,  it  was  well  known  that  Engagement 

was  on  Foot  long  before  ;  and  therefore  this  Accu- 

fation  of  Major  Rolpb    could  not  exafperate  them, 

but  by  Accident :  Befides,  it  was  a  Bufinefs  hinted 

only  in  the  Scots  Declaration,  and  not  fet  down  as 

a  moving  Caufe  of  that  Engagement.' 

The  Refult  of  this  Debate  was,  That  the  Charge 
againft  Mr.  Doivcet  was  laid  afide,  but  he  ftill  con- 
tinued in  Cuitody  of  the  Serjeant  at  Arms. 

The  fame  Day,   Off.   18,  a  Letter   from    the  A  Letterfrom 
Lord  Fairfax^  dated  St.  AlbarCs  Off.  16,  was  read  t0rd  Fairfax, 
in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  fetting  forth  the  pre-  concerning  his 
fent  State  of  the  Army,  and  that  many  Petitions  Atmy* 
were  in  Agitation  amongft  the  Soldiery,  to  be  pre- 
fented  to  him  ;  reciting  the  great  Hardfhips  they 
had  fuffered  this    Summer  in  defeating  the  Parlia- 
ment's Enemies,  and  that  tho'  they  were  inform'd 
that  the  Afleflments  for  the  Support  of  the  Army 
were  generally  well    paid,    yet  they  had  received 
very  little  ;  and  therefore  defiring  that  the  Army 
might  be  divided  among  the  feveral  Counties  pro- 
portionable to  the  Share   of  Taxes  they  ftand  re- 
fpecltvely  charg'd  with,  and  "that  fpeedy  Care  be 
taken  for  Payment  of  their  Arrears. 

Hereupon  the  Commons  ordered,  That  all  Ar- 
rears of  AfT-fTments  for  the  Army  be  brought  in  by 
the  firft  of  November  next. 

Among   the  feveral  Petitions   prefented  at  this 
Time  to  the  Lord  Fairfax,  that  from  Commiflary- 
General   Ireton's  Regiment,  fuppofed  to  be  of  his  Regiment  to  hit 
own  penning,  was   the  moft   remarkable:    Thev  V°Idfhip  for - 

i   «    >i      t    -r*L        T    n-        i       i  *   Tufti.e  ;.  Jon  tht 

complain  d,  *  That  Juftice  hath  not  been  executed  King  and  hit 
upon  the  prime  Abetters  of  the  late  War ;    and  Adherents, 
therefore  fufpect  there  is  a  Party  in  the  Parliament 
abetting  and  correfponding  with,  if  not  guilty  of,  the 
fame  Defigns;  That  the  King  is  guilty  of  all  the 

Blood 


7$  4" he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  Blood  fhet]  .   anc]  fof  this  they  urg'd  his  own  Cori- 
Vt   i-^'    j    fcflion,  as  they  call'd  it,  in  his  late  agreeing  to  the 
©dober.      Preamble  of  the  Houfes  firft  Proportion  ;  and  that 
there  is  yet  a  prevalent  Party  of  his  own  Creatures, 
who  in  Parliament  and  elfewhere,   a6t  his  Defigns, 
and  endeavour  to  reinthronehim  ;  and  are,  as  they 
conceive,  the  Authors  of  the  prefent  Diftradions : 
That  by  the  aforefaid  Party,  Free  Quarter  is  con- 
tinued upon  the  People.' 

After  thefe  Complaints,  they  come  on  with  di- 
vers Defires  unto  his  Excellency,  the  Performance 
whereof  they  require  him  to  endeavour  : 

1.  '  That  Juftice  may  be  executed  fpeedily  up- 
on the  Contrivers   and    Encouragers    of  the  late 
War. 

2.  '  That  Juftice  may  be  done  impartially  upon 
all  criminal  Perfons,  efpecially  upon   fuch  as  have 
or  fhall  endeavour  to  obftrudt  the  Courfe  thereof} 
or  have  betrayed  their  Truft,   or  been  Authors  of 
fhedding  that  innocent  Blood,  which  calls  to  Hea- 
ven for  Vengeance. 

3.  *  That  the  fame  Fault  may  have  the  fame 
Punifhment  in  the  Perfon  of  a  King  or  Lord  $  as  in 
the  Perfon  of  the  pooreft  Commoner. 

4.  '  That  all  fuch  may  be  proceeded  againft  ad 
Traitors,  who  acT:  cr  fpeak  in  the  King's  Behalf, 
till  he  fhall  be  acquitted  of  the  Guilt  of  Innocent 
Blood. 

5.  *  That  the  Army    may  fpeedily  have  their 
Pay,  or  a  prefent  Courfe    be  taken  againft  thofe 
who  with-hold  it. 

6.  '  That  their  Arrears    being  paid,  and  Free 
Quarter  for  ever  avoided,  the  Money  may  return 
from  the  Soldier  to  the  Country  Man  again,' 

And,  laftly,  they  clofe  up  their  Delires  with  a- 
Declaration,  '  That  they  fhall  constantly  endea- 
vour to  defend  Magiftracy  and  Property,  with  their 
Lives  and  Fortunes.' 

Mr.  Whitlocke  (f)  ft  vies  this  a  fubtle  Petition,  and 
fays  it  was  the  Beginning  of  the  Dcfign  againft  the 
King's  Perfon,  tho'  not  difcerned  till  afterwards. 

Off, 

(f)  Memsirah,  p.  338, 


of   fe  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

Otf.  19.  The  Treaty  ftill  going  on,  more  Ac- 
counts  of  the  Proceedings  of  it,  from  the  Com- 
miflloners,  were  this  Day  read. 

For  the  Right  Honourable  the  Earl  of  MANCHESTER, 
Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tempore,  at 
Weftminfter, 

My  Lord,  Newport,  Oft;  17,  1648. 

I  N  C  E  our  laft  of  the  i4th  Inftant  we  recei-  Another  Letter 
ved  your  Lortlfhip's,  with  the  Refolutions  of  from  the  Com- 
«  the  two    Houfes  upon  the  Propofition   for  the  ffff%j£* 

*  Church,  of  the  nth,  wherewith  we  acquainted  inci0fing  the' 

«  his  Majefty  Yefterday  Morning  j  and  we  (hall  King's  Anfwer 
«  purfue  our  Direftions  therein  according  to  the  *^J^,  hi3 
'  Commands  of  both  Houfes.  Majefty's  own 

'  We  herewith  preferrt    your  Lordfhip  with  an  Proportions  to 

*  Account  cf  our  Proceedings  concerning  Delin-  the  Parhameatt 

*  quents,  and  likewife  his  Majefty's  Propofitions 

*  to  the  two  Houfes  which  we  received  from  him 
'  this  Morning  ;  the  Copies  of  all  which  we  fend 
'  you  here  inelofed. 

'  We  have,  in  purfuance  of  the  Directions  from 
4  both  Houfes,  fignified  to  us  by  your  Lordfhip's 
«  laft  Letter,  as  foon  as  we  concluded  upon  the 

*  Propofition  your  Letter  found  us  in,  put  in  a  Pa- 
'  per  to  prefs  the  King  to  a  full  Anfwer  to  the  Pro- 
'  pofition  concerning  the  Church,  of  which  we  fend 
'  your  Lordmip  a  Copy  inelofed ;    and  have  this 

*  Night  put  in  another  Paper,  expreffing  the  Par- 
'  ticulars  wherein  the  King's  Anfwer  falls  fhort  of 
6  the  Defires  of  both .  Houfes  in  that  Propofition  ; 
«  and  (hall  proceed  in  the  Treaty  vrpon  the  reft  of 

*  the  Propofitions  according  to  our  Inftruclions.' 

[Signd  by  the  Lvrds  Commijfioners.] 

COMMISSIONERS  PAPER  making  known  to  the  KINO 
the  Votes  of  both  Houfes  concerning  the  Church. 

Newport,  Ott;  1 6,  1648. 

*  \\J  E  have  tranfmitted    to    the  Houfes  your 
'    W    Majefty's  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition  con- 

*  cerning  the  Church,  dated  the  ninth  of  Ofto- 


8o  The  Parltatttenfarf  HISTORY 

2ar'1'  '  ^er  l6^'  and  are  b7  them  commanded  to  ac- 
'  quaint  your  Majefly  with  the  Votes  and  Refolu- 
*  tions  thereupon,  which  are  as  follow, : 

j.vc  That  this  Anfvver  of  the  King's  to  thePro- 
pofition  prefented  by  the  Com'mifiicners  to  him, 
concerning  the  Church,  is  hot  fatisfa&ory. 

2.  c  That  after  the  Commifiioners  fhall  have  con- 
cluded upon  the  Prqpofition  that  this  flia'l  find  them 
in,  that  then  they  do  prefs  the  King  to  a  full  Anfwer 
to  the  Propofition  prefented  by  them  to  him  con- 
cerning the  Church  ;  and  that  they  do  proceed  in 
the  Treaty  upon  the  reft  of  the  Proportions,  ac- 
cording to  their  former  Inftrudions.* 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  Commijponers.] 

The  KING'S  FINAL  ANSWER  to  the  PROPOSITION 
concerning  Delinquents. 

CHARLES  R.  Oftober  17,  1648. 

1C*  O  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you  as  to  your  Propof:- 
_  tton  of  the  I  yh  of  this  Injlant,  concerning  De- 
linquent'j,  &c.  his  Majefly  will  confent^  That  all 
Perfons  who  have  had  any  Hand  in  the  •plotting,  de- 
fign'wg,  or  ajjijlmg  the  Rebellion  in  Ireland,  /hall  ex- 
pcfl  no  Pardont  as  is  exprejfed  in  the  firjl  Branch  cf 
this  Propofition. 

As  to  all  the  reft  of  thefdid  Proportion,  his  Majefly 
cannot  consent  thereunto  as  it  is  propojedy  otherwije 
than  as  is  hereafter  sxpreffed^  viz. 

As  for  all  other  Perfons  comprifed  in  the  f aid  firjl 
"Branch^  his  Majejly^  for  Satisfaction  of  his  tws 
flonfes^  will  give  way  that  they  may  moderately  com- 
pound for  their  fejiates ;  and  defires  they  may  be  ad- 
mitted to  the  fame.  And  for  removing  Diflrufts  and 
Interruptions  of  the  public  Settlement,  his  Majejly 
will  prefent  asfciioweth : 

That  fuch  of  them  as  the  Houfes  of  Parliament 
will  infl/i  on-,  Jhall  not  be  admitted  to  his  Councils^ 
and  be  rejlruined  from  coming  to  the  Court  at  fuch 
Diftance  as  the  two  Hcufes  of  Parliament  Jhall 
think  fit ;  and  Jball  net  h.'ive  any  Office  or  Employ- 
ment in  the  Stiite  or  Commonwealth ^  without  the 

Can- 


^ENGLAND.  81 

Confent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament ;  or  Jhall  abfent  An.  24  Car,  j. 
themfclves  out  of  the  Kingdom  for  fame  Time,  if  both         l64g- 
Houfes  of  Parliament  Jhall  fe  think  fit.  odober 

That  all  other  Perjons,  comprlfed  in  this  Propofition, 
Jkall  fubmit  to  moderate  Compaction  ;  and-,  for  the  Space 
ef  three  Tears,  fiall  not  Jit  or  ferve  as  Members  or 
./fjfiftants  in  either  Honfs  of  Parliament,  without  Con- 
fent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament, 

His  MAJESTY'S  PROPOSITIONS  delivered  in  to  the 
COMMISSIONERS,  together  with  the  precedent 
Anfwer,  the  jyth  of  Ottober,  1648. 

I.  CJ^HAT his  Majejly  may  be  fettled  in  a  Condition 
•*•    of  Honour ',  freedom,  ar.d  Safety,  and  have  the 
Faith  of  his  tivo  Houfes  for  the  fame. 

II.  "That   his  Majejly  may  be  rejlored  to  the  Paf- 
f-'ffion  of  his  Lands  and  Revenues. 

III.  That  he  may  have  Compcnfation  for  thofe  Re- 
venues and  Profits   which  his  Majejly,  for   the  Satif- 
faftion  of  his  two  Houfes  in  this  Treaty,  hath  or  Jhall 
confent  to  part  withal. 

IV.  That  an  A  Si  of  Oblivion  and  Indemnity  may  be 
pajjed,  to  extend  to  all  Perfons  for  all  Matters,  with 
fuch   Limitations    and   Provijions   as  Jiiall  be   agretd 

between  bis  Majejly  and  his  two  Houfes. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPERS  prejjing  the  KIN o  for 
a  fuller  ANSWER  concerning  the  CHURCH. 

Newport,  Ocl.   1 6,  1648. 

*  ^TTHereas  we  have  delivered  a  Paper  to  your 
4     VV    Majefty  of   the    25th   of   September    laft, 
'  containing  our  Demands  concerning  th?  Church, 
'  and  received  your  Majefty 's  Anfwer  thereto  the 
'  30th  of  September  \  wherein   we  obferved   many 

*  Alterations,  Omiffions,  and  fome  Denials  ;  and 
4  therefore,  by  our  Paper  of  the  fame  3oth  of  &•/>- 

*  tcmber,  did  humbly  defire  your  full  Anfwer:  And 
'  having   received   your  M.ijefty's  final  Anfwer  to 
4  us  concerning  that  Propcfition,  we  did  tranfmit  it 
4  to  both   Fioufc<,  whofc  Votes    and  Refolutions 

VUL.  XVIH.  F  *  there- 


82  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.«  thereupon   we  made  known  to  your  Maiefty  in 

v ]D^3'   j     'our  P^per    given    in  Yefterday  :    In   puifuance 

October.       *  thereof,  we  do  again   humbly  ciefire   your  JVIa- 
4  jefty's  full  Anfwer  to  the  Propofkion  coucerning 

4  the  Church.'  r0.      j  /      /    /•>        -/r         -> 

[Signed  by  the  Co?nnnjjioners.\ 

The  Lords  p,ut  ofF  the  Confidcration  of  thcfe 
Papers  for  two  Days.     But, 

The  fame  Day,  Oft.   19,  upon  their  being  read 
Motion  for  a       in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,   a  Motion   was   mrde 
vv,e'  °t0  he °re  ^or    ta^''ng    them   into    imrrediate    Conf-oV-a  i  n. 
fenced 'to°Genefal  Hereupon   Sir  H^nry  Mildmay  flood   up  and  laid,. 
Cromwel;.          '  Tiiere  were  other  Matters  of  far  more  Conce-n- 
mcnt  to  be  confidered  :  as  the  Nereffity  and  Merits 
of  the  Soldiery,  but  cfpecially  of  Lieutenant-Ge- 
"neral  Cromwell,    whofe  eminent    and    unparal'cl'd 
Services  the  Houfe  had  not  yet  fo  far  taken  Notice 
of,  as  to  make  him  any  Return  of  fpecial  Acknow- 
ledgment for  them  ;  and  therefore  he  moved,  That 
-the  Houfe   would  order  the  making  of  a  Jewel  of 
800 /.   Price,  to  be  fent  to   him,  to  remain   as  a 
Teftimony  of  their  Gratitude  for  his  fa  .:ous  At- 
chievernents.'     To  this  unexpected  Motion  it  was 
anfwered,  4  That  though  the  Lieucenant-Gencral's 
Merits  were  great,  yet  the  Soldiers  Necfeflities  were 
much   greater  ;  efpecially    the   poor  Refcrmadoes, 
who  had  formerly  done  great  Services,  and   were 
many  of  them   ready   to  ftarve  ;  therefore  it   was 
defirod-   if  the   State  was  in  a   Condition  to   part 
v/'   i  M  ney,  the  Reformadoes  mig-t  not  be  for- 
gotten, but  that  the~Houfe  would  be  plta^bd  either 
to  debate  the  Kind's  Answer  and   Propof.tir.n,  or 
proceed  upon  the  Drdinanyi  e  for  the  Re-li  f  of   hofe 
redxiced  Officers.'     Hereupon  it  was  carried  foi  the 
latter^  and  the  BuAnrfs  of  the  Jewel  \w^  !ai  i  afide. 
But   the  'r;  .-ei!   that  neiihtT    ^nfbyi^    nor 

pu.'.ic  Fail  D-ws,  f 'sou Id  be  reckor>ed  iit  the  Num- 
ber of  the  forty  Dr^  s  Allotted  for  the  T. 

O-7.  20.     Thi :  D.iy  a  Letter  from  Scotland  was 
read,  directed  as  follows  :    . 

For 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

Far  tlie  Right  Hon..  the  Earl  ^/"MANCHESTER,     °* 
Speaker  of  the  Ho  life  of  PEERS   of  the  Parliament 
*/  England. 

Edinburgh,  Oft.  1  1,  1648. 
Honourable  ) 


c    1\7  HEN  we  look  upon  the  prefent  Condition  LfetterfromtU 
4     VV    of  the  Affairs  of  thefe  Kingdoms,  in   re-  J2^jjj°i. 

4  lation  to   the  Multitude  of  &<?fr  Prilbners  lately  f,rirg  Leave  to 

6  taken   by    the   Forces    under   the    Command    of  tran'port  aooo 

4  Lieutenant-Genera]  Cromwell;  and  have  ferioufiy  b 

4  confidcrcd  what  mia;ht  prove  the  moft  fafe   and 

4  moft   advantageous    Way   to  both  Kingdoms  to 

4  difpofe  of  the  Common  Soldiers,  fo  as  neither  the 

4  Charge  of  their  Entertainment    may   be  longer 

*  continued    upon    you,  nor  the    Secusing  of  the 
'  Public   Peace  further  endangered  by  them  ;  it  is 

*  our  Judgment  that  fome  confiderable  Number  of 

*  them  be  fent  to  foreign  Services,  under  the  Con- 
4  duel  of  fuch  Perfons  as  'merit  Coaftdence  to  be 
'  repofed  in,  and  Rewards  of  that  Kind   conferred 
4  upon  them  ;  and  for  this  EfFe6l  we  have  thought 
'  fit  earneftly  to  follicit  in  behalf  of  this  Honourable 

*  Gentleman,  Col.  Robert  Montgomery  f/J,  (whofe 
'  conftant,  faithful,    and  great    Services   performed 
'  for  the  Safety  and  Union  of  thefe  Kingdoms  de- 
4  ferve,  by  all  good  Men,  highly   to  be  efteemed 
'  and  rewarded)  that  the  Number  of  2000,  or  up- 

*  wards,  may  be  granted  to  him,  with  Liberty  to 

*  tranfpon  them  beyond  the  Seas  ;  for  which  Em- 
'  ployment,  as  it  will  no  ways  tend  to  the  Prejudice 

*  of  the  Crown  of  England,  we  will  reft  confident 
4  that  no  Man  (lull  be  n/eferred    in  a  Suit  of  this 
4  Nature  to  the  Gentleman  here  recommended,  we 
4  having  found  fuch  Acceptance  granted  to  our  for- 
4  mer  Dcfires  of  this  Sort,  that  we  hold  ourfelves 
4  ever  obliged  to  be 

Tour  Lardjhips  very  humble  Servants^ 

LOUDON. 
A  R  G  Y  L  E. 
F  2  '  This 

(I)  Son  of  the  Ewl  of  Eglirgton. 


8  4  *fhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.       This   Letter   being  alfo  communicated    to  the 

t   10*S>  _j     Commons,  both  Houfes  gave  their  Confent  to  the 

Oftcber.        Dcfires  thereof,  upon  Colonel  Montgomery's  giving 

Security    that   the    Scots  Prifoners  fhould    not   be 

traniported   to  any  Place  where  they  might  be  of 

Prejudice  to  the  Kingdom  of  England. 

The  fame  Day  a  Letter  was  read  in  the  Houfe 
of  Commons  from  Lieutenant-General  Cromwell^ 
at  Carlifle,  dated  the  I4th  of  this  Month,  advifing 
that  the  Scots  had  delivered  up  that  City  and  the 
Citadel  thereof,  into  his  Hands,  for  the  Ufe  of  the 
Parliament :  Hereupon  the  Houfe  ordered  a  Gra- 
tuity of  ioo/.  to  Captain  Woolf  for  bringing  the 
News, 

After  this  they  took  into  Confideration  the  Pa- 
pers laft  fent  from  the  Commiffioners  in  the  IJle  of 
-  Wight ;  when  a  Motion  was  made  for  a  further 
Addition  to  the  40  Days  allotted  for  the  Treaty, 
in  regard  fo  much  Time  had  been  fpent  in  tedious, 
though  neccfTary,  Debates  and  Tranfa£tions.  This 
was  warmly  oppofed  by  the  Independents ;  who 
faid,  c  That  on  Thurfday  laft  the  Houfe  had  yield- 
ed that  the  Lord's  Days  and  Fad  Days  fhould  not 
be  reckoned  into  the  Number,  whereby  the  Treaty 
was  now  lengthened  a  Week  longer  than  was  ex- 
pedled  ;  and,  if  that  would  not  fuffice,  they  dcfired 
.  .  the  Vote  which  granted  it  might  be  recalled.'  This 

was  further  urged  by  Mr.  Weaver,  who  faid,  c  He 
faw  no  Reafon  but  it  might  be  recalled,  as  well 
as  the  Tuefday's  Vote  for  an  Adjournment ;  becaufe^ 
faid  he,  the  King;  need  not  fpend  much  more  Time 
about  our  Proportions,  having  as  good  as  told  us, 
twice,  what  we  fhould  expect  from  him,  in  Pro- 
pofitions  of  his  own.  Befides,  the  Time  of  the 
Treaty  being  limited,  the  Houfe  fhould  not,  but 
upon  weighty  Confidcrations,  continue  it  longer.' 
To  this  it  was  replied,  *  That  the  Time  was  not 
fo  limited,  but  the  Hcufe  might  continue  it  at 
Plsafure;  and  for  this  there  could  be  no  Confide- 
ration more  weighty  than  that  the  Peace  of  the 
Kingdom  depended  thereupon,  which  could  not 

be 


^ENGLAND.  85 

be  fettled  in  fo  fmall  a  Time  after  fo  great  a  Rupture.  An.  2  4  Car.  j. 

Befides,   the   not  reckoning  of   Sundays  and   Faft     t  J(     ] ; 

Days,  was  no  more  than  what  was  allowed  of  at       October. 
the  Treaty  of  Uxbridge.* — So,  with  much  ado,  the 
Vote  of  the  Day  before,  for  not  reckoning  of  Faft 
Days  and  Sundays,  flood  unrepeal'd  ;  and  Colonel 
Harvey  was  ordered  to  carry  it  up  to  the  Lords  for 
their   Concurrence,  which  they   gave  accordingly. 
This  Vote  was  afterwards  fent  in  a  Letter,  figned  |^h  W™J™  "' 
by  the  two  Speakers,  to  the  Commiffioners,    who  sundm'aiid* 
were  ordered  to  communicate  it  to  the  King.  Faft  Days  out  of 

Next  the  Commons  debated  his  Maiefty's  An-  thf  J'im* allot' 

f  1  T>  T    •  •  TA     1  •  ted    f°r  the 

iwer  to  the  rropomion  concerning  Delinquents,  Treaty, 
againft  which  the  Independents  argued,  That  thefe 
Delinquents  had  occafioned  a  World  of  Bloodfhed, 
which  would  be  required  fomewhere  j  and  fo,  of 
Neceflity  upon  the  Houfe,  if  they  did  not  remove 
it  by  Execution  of  Jufticej  and  therefore  they 
moved,  That  feven  of  thofe  engaged  in  the  firft 
War,  and  feven  more  in  the  lair,  meaning  the  In- 
rafion  under  Duke  Hamilton,  (hould  be  made  Ex- 
amples. And  then  they  fell  to  naming  particular  Dcbafer  on  'Jj6 

r>     f  T     ,        «v     7-         TV /i          if  i      -r-     i      r  Propofition  tor 

rerions,  as  Judge  Jenkins,  Bilhop  Wren^  the  Earl  of  Delinquents. 
Holland,  Lord  Goring,  and  Duke  Hamilton  ;  and 
would  have  proceeded  with  more,  but  that  they  were 
interrupted  by  a  Member,  who  defired  them  to  call 
to  Mind,  That  at  firft  they  voted  27  to  be  excepted 
from  Pardon  ;  but  fince  that  Time  it  had  been,  and 
then  was,  the  Refolution  of  the  Houfe,  to  pro- 
ceed only  againft  feven  of  the  old  Delinquents  ; 
and  if  they  meant  to  have  added  fcveti  more  of  the 
new,  they  ought  to  have  done  it  before  they  fent 
their  Propofitions,  the  laft  Infurre&ions  being  on 
Foot  long  before  the  i8th  of  September,  which  w;;s 
the  Time  when  the  Propofitions  went  to  his  Ma- 
jefty  j  that  now  it  was  too  late  to  make  any  new 
Exceptions,  and  dishonourable  for  the  Houfe  fo  to 
do,  they  having  concluded  themfelves  in  the  Pro- 
pofitions already  fent.' 

Then  the  Queftion  being  put,  That  the  Perfons 

exprcflcd  and  contained  in   that  Part  of  the  fiift 

F  3  Brangi) 


'Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Branch  of  the  Propofition  concerning  Delinquents, 
to  which  the  King  has  not  declared  his  Confent, 
October,  be  proceeded  with,  and  their  Eftates  difpofed  of, 
as  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  (hall  think  fit  or  ap- 
point ;  and  that  their  Perfons  {hall  not  be  capable 
of  Pardon  by  his  Majefty,  without  Confent  of 
both  Houfes  of  Parliament;  the  Houfe  declaring 
that  they  will  not  proceed  as  to  the  taking  away 
the  Life  of  any  of  them  to  above  the  Number  of 
feven  Perfons,  it  pafs'd  in  the  Affirmative,  by  98 
Voices  againft  63.  This  Refolution  was  ordered 
«  to  be  fent  to  the  Lords  for  their  Concurrence,  and 
the  further  Confideration  of  the  Propofition  con- 
cerning Delinquents  was  put  off  to  another 
Time. 

Off-  21.  The  Lords  adjourned   themfelves   into 
a  Committee,  to  take  into  Confideration   the  Pa- 
pers, prcfcnted  to  them  on   the  igth,  concerning 
the  Treaty  ;  and  the   Houfe   beins;    refumed,    the 
The  Lords  agree  King's  Propofitions  were  read  particularly  :  After 
to  the  King's       which  it  was  refolved,  That  his  Majefty  be  fettled 
in  a  Condition  of  Honour,  Freedom,  and  Safety, 
and  have  the  Faith  of  the  two  Houfes  for  the  fame  : 
That  he  be  reftored  to  the  PofTeffion  of  his  Lands 
and  Revenues  :  That  his  Majefty  have  Ccmpen- 
iation  for  the  Revenues  and  Profits  which,  for  the 
Satisfaction  of  his    two   Houfes   in    this  Treaty, 
he  hath   or  fhall  confent  to   part  withal  :    That 
an   A6t   of  Indemnity  may   be  paffed,    to   extend 
to  all  Perfons  for  all  Matters  ;  with  fuch   Limita- 
tions  and  Provifions  as  (hall    be    agreed  between 
his  Majefty  and  his  two  Houfes  :  But,  laftly,    the 
Lords  declared,  That  thefe  Votes  were  not  to  be 
binding,  if  the  Treaty  {hould   break   off  before  a 
Conclufion. 

Debate  in  the         Moft  Part  of  this  Day  was  fpent,  by  the  Corn- 
Commons  con-    mons    |n  confidcnng  of  Ways  and  Means  for  pre- 

cerning  Free-  . '  &       ,  .        • '         ^ 

(Quarter.  venting  the  Army  :>   taking  of  i*iee-quarter.     in 

prder  to  which  Mr.  Scawen  mov'd,  That  the  Mem- 
bers 


^ENGLAND.  87 

bcrs  of  the  feveral  Counties  might  be  fent  down  to  An.  24  Car.  I* 

the  Places  for  which  they  iervctl,  tj  ;  -u..er  in  thev , 

Arrears  due  to  the  Army  :  And  this  Motion  was  oaober. 
warmly  fupported  by  many  others.'  Hereupon  forne 
Members  who  fufpc-£ed  the  Drift  of  it  to  be 
to  procure  a  thin  Houfe,  in  orct  r  to  ferve  particul  ir 
Purpofes,  argued,  That  the  Committees  of  Afleif- 
ment  in  the  feveral  Counties  were  the  fitted  to  ga- 
ther in  thofe  Arrears,  as  having  a  greater  Influence 
upon  the  Country,  and  being  better  acquainted  with 
the  proper  Ways  to  raife  Money  :  That  the  fend- 
ing away  fo  many  Members  upon  the  Clofe  of  the 
Treaty,  might  be  a  Means  of  leaving  no  ic  in  the 
Houfc  but  thofe  trut  were  Gainers  by  the  War, 
and  who  therefore  would  ufe  all  Methods  to-  hinder 
a  Peace  :  And  that  the  Members  were  chofen  to 
do  their  Country  Service  in  Parliament,  not  to 
ramble  about  the  Kingdom  to  extort  Mon;.-y  from 

the  People. Thefe  Arguments  carried  fo  great 

Weight,  that  it  was  at  laft  refolved,  'only,  That 
the  leveral  Members  fnould  ufe  their  belt  Endea- 
vours to  bring  in  the  Arrears  of  the  Aileffments  for 
the  Army,  to  the  end  that  Free-quarter  may  be 
taken  off.  And  a  Committee  was  appointed  to  go 
down  to  the  Lord  Fairfax,  at  St.  Albans,  to  con- 
fer with  him  and  his  Officers,  how  the  Arrny  r.nd 
all  other  Forces  might  be  reduced  to  the  Eflablifh- 
ment,  and  receive  Satisfaction  for  their  Arrears  ; 
alfo  how  the  Country  might  be  reimburfed  for 
Free-quarter,  and  the  Army  be  beft  quartered  fur 
the  future. 

0.57.  23.  On  the  6th  of  this  Month   the  Com-  L 
mons  having  appointed   a  Committee   ro  wri.e    '<. 
Lord  Fairfax,  for  an  Explanation  of  his  LI 

\         c      4          a    i    n  •  \       t^\- 

the   2gth  of  Augujt   lait,    conc>.-ni!v^    the  Qi 

given  by  him  to  the  Lord  Goring  ahd  Loi-I     .  Capci, 

at  the  Surrender  of  Cokkefttr  ;  the  Anfwei-  : 

was  this  Day  read,  importing,  '  That  the  C 

granted  to  thofe  two  Lords  was  not  upon  i 

lation  or   Agreement,  and   therefore-  could 

no  more  Claim  than  common  Quarter  to  a. 

¥  4  my 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

my  taken  in  any  Field-Engagement  or  other  Ac- 
tion ;  and  that  his  Meaning  in  that  Letter  did  not 
extend  to  any  other  than  the  Military  Power,  and 
therefore  thofe  Lords  were,  notwithftanding,  liable 
to  Trial  and  Judgment  by  the  Civil  ;  otherwife  any 
treacherous  Perfon,  as  a  Spy  and  the  like,  or  a  De- 
fcrter,  might  obtain  Quarter  from  a  private  Sol- 
dier, and  fo  not  be  further  queftionable  :  And  that 
he  din  not  urge  this  out  of  any  particular  Animo- 
ftty  to  thofe  Lords,  nor  as  his  own  Opinion  only  ; 
fji-  that  the  general  Senfe  and  Practice  in  all  Wars, 
and  of  both  Parties  in  this  War,  gave  that  Deter- 
mination.' 

OR.  24.  The  Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  Lords 
acquainted  them,  that  Yefterday  Sir  Peter  Killigrew 
brought  a  Packet  from  the  Commiflioners  for  the 
Treaty  with  the  King  in  the  IJle  of  IFigbt,  con- 
taining the  following  Papers  : 

Tlic  COMMISSIONERS  PA  PER  exprefjing  the  De- 
feels  of  the  KING'S  former  ANSWER  to  the  Pro- 
pofition  concerning  the  CHURCH. 

Newport,  Off.  17,   1648. 

More  Papers  f  \T7HEREAS  we  delivered  in  a  Paper  to 
fromtheCom-  <  W  your  Ma]efty  Yefterday,  whereby  we  humbly 

jrumoaers,  rela-    .  •    r  \  iv/r   •   n.       TM_  i_    j    j   i-          'j 

ting  to  the  Pro-  mrormea  your  Majefty,  I  hat  we  had  delivered 
petitions  for  the  f  you  a  Paper  of  the  25th  of  September  laft,  con- 
Cburchj  c gaining  our  Demands  concerning  the  Church, 

*  and   received  your    Majefty 's  Anfwer    thereunto 
'  the    30th    of   September^    wherein    we    obferved 
4  many  Alterations,  Omiflions,  and  fome  Denials; 
'  and    thereupon,  by  another   Paper   of  the  fame 
'  3Oth  of  September,  did  humbly  defire  your   full 
£  Anfwer  :    And   having   received   your   Majefty's 

*  final  Anfwer  to   09  concerning  that  Proportion, 

*  we    tranfmitted    it    to    both    Houfes,    and    th?i 
'  thereupon    v/e   miide    known    to    your    Majefty 

*  their  Votes    and    Refolutions  j    in    purfuance   of 
f  which?  we  did  again  humbly   defire  your  Ma- 

jeflv'i 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  89 

*  jetty's  full  Anfwer  to  the  Proportion  concerning  An-  *4  Can  j. 
'  the  Church.  . _   '  *  '      >. 

*  We  farther  humbly  crave  Leave  to  obferve  to      oftober. 
'  your  Majefty,   the  Particulars  wherein  your  Ma- 
'  'iefty's  Anfwer  to  that  Proposition  concerning  the 
'  Church,  cometh  {hort  of  the  Propofition  of  both 
'  Houfes ;   namely, 

<  Firjl)  Your  Majefty  doth  not  confent  to  the 
'  Bill  for  the  utter  abolilhing  and  taking  away  of 
'  Archbifhops,  Bifhops,  &c.  out  of  the  Churches 

*  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion  of  Wales. 

Secondly,  '  Your  Majefty  doth  not  give  your  Con- 
4  fent,  as  is  defired,  'That  the  Ordinance  of  Parlia- 
'  ment  for  the  abolijhing  of  Archbi/hops  and  Eifl)ops 
c  within  the  Kingdom  of  England  and  Dominion  of 
'  Wales  ,  and  for  fettling  their  Lands  and  PojJ'eJJions 

*  upon  T'ruflccs^  for  the  life  of  the  Commonwealth ;' 
'  and  the  other  Ordinance,  intituled,  An  Ordinance 

*  of  the  Lords  and  Commons  ajjembled  in  Parliament^ 

*  for    appointing   the  Sale  of  Bijbops  Lands  for  the 
4  Ufe  of  the  Commonwealth^  be  confirmed  by  A 61  of 
'  Parliament. 

c  Thirdly  '  Whereas  it  is  defired  your  Majefly 

*  will  confirm,  by  Adi:  of  Parliament,  the  Ordinance 
'  for  calling  and  fitting  of  the  Affembly  of  Divines, 
'  delivered  to  your  Majefty  with  our  Paper  of  the 
'  25th  of  September  laft  ;  your  Majefty  thereunto 

*  faith,    That  you  will)  by  Aff  of  Parliament,    con- 

*  firm     the  calling    and  fitting  of  the  faid  AJJembly 

*  from  the  fir/i   of  July,    1643;  and  that  they  Jhall 

*  have  fitcb  Powers    as  are  mentioned    in    the  faid 
£  Ordinance  ;    and  that  they  fiall  continue  their  Meet- 

*  ing  and  Sittingy   and  le  dijfihcd  in  fuch  Manner  aj 
'  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  Jhall  dirett  ;   which  An- 

*  fwer  is  differing  from  the  Propofition,  which  de- 

*  fires   the  Confirmation  of  that  Ordinance  by  Act 
«  of  Parliament. 

Fourthly,  *  Whereas  we  pray,  That  the  Refor- 
?  mation   of  Religion,    according  to  the  Covenant, 

*  be  fetticcl  by  Act  of  Parliament  in  Engtatuf,  Ire- 
'  land,  and  ?ral(S\  in  fuch  Manner  as  both  Houfes 

-  *  have 


90  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.    <  have  agreed,  or  fhall  agree  upon,  after  Confulta- 

t     I  48-       ^  <  tion  had  with  the  Aflembly  of  Divines,  particu- 

October.       '  k'ty  tnat   ^e  Direjftory  be  con:u-a-.ed  by  Act  of 

4  Parliament,  Together  with  the  Ordinanc  s  of  the 

*  third  of  Jpnudrfr   1644,  and  the  23d  or   Augujl, 
4  164 <;,  concerning  the  taking  a\v..   of  the  Book. 
4  of  Common-Prayer,  and  eft.iblifning  and  putting 
4  the  Directory  in  Execution  : 

*  Your  Majefry  doth  not  fay,  you  will  conf  rm 
4  thofe  Ordinances,  as  is  oefired  in  the  Proportion, 
'  but  your  Majefty  faith,  That  you  will  cor>j:-  ?n  the 
4  pkMuk  Ufe  if  the  ri:re£iory  in  all  Churches  find 
4  Qkapqts,  as  h  dfjlred  in  iJ^  Proportion;  and  ivill 
4  conjtnt  to  the  PC  pea  I  of  fo  ::i:iJ)  ef  nil  Statutes  as 
'  only  concerns  tbt  Book  of  Common-Prayer^  and  alfo 

*  to    the   taking   the  jame  away  out   of  all  Churches 
(  and  C'y«t>sl<,  p'-wided  that  the  Vfe  thereof  may   be 
'  cor.tr>  u?d    in    yo'ir    wfatefty's    Chapel  for  yourfelf 
4  nt',-1  y  >".:••    Hou/bold.     By    which    Anfwer,    your 

*  M^'e'ty    doth    n  >t    confirm    thofe    Ordinances, 

*  vyhich     contain   may    effential   Claufes   touching 
'  the-    Book    of    Common- Prayer  and  Directory; 
'  and  your  Majefty  ftiil  continueth  the  Ufe  of  the 
4  C;. union  Prayer-Hook  in  your  Chapel  for  your- 
4  felf  and  Eljufhold,  which  is  not  a  confenting  to 

*  the  Propofition  as  is  defired. 

'  And  touching  Reformation  of  Religion,  your. 
4  Majefty  faith,  That  you  will  confent,  that  the, 
4  Form  of  Church-Government,  presented  to  your 

*  Majefty^     be  confirmed  by    Act  of  Parliament  for 
'  three    Years ;    provided  only,    that  a    (Confutation 
4  in  the  mean  Time  be  had  with  the  dffimbly  of  Di- 
4  vines,   in  fuch  Manner,    and  for   the  Purpofes  as 
4  in  your  Majefty  s  Anfwer  of  the  yth  of  Septem- 
4  ber.  are  expreJJ'ed.     Which  Anfwer  of  your  Ma- 
4  jefty,  we   humbly  conceive,  comes  far  fliort   of 

*  the  Defire  in  the  Propofition,  which  defires  that 
4  Reformation  of  Religion,   according  to  the  Cove- 
4  nant,  be  lettled  by  A6t  of  Parliament  in  the  King- 
4  doms  of  England  and  Ireland,  and  Dominion   of 
4  Wales,  in  fuch  Manner  as  both  Houfes  have  a- 

4  greed, 


of    ENGLAND. 

'greed,    or  (hall  agree  upon,    after  Confultation 
4  had  with  the  Aflembly  of  Divines. 

4  And  whereas  the  Articles  of  Chriftian  Religion, 
4  prcfented  to  your  Majefty,  are  deftred  to  be  by 

*  your   Majefty  confirmed   by  Act  of  Parliament  j 

*  your  Majefty  gives  no  Anfwer  thereunto. 

<  And  we  farther  humbly  conceive,  That  your 
4  Majefty  hath  not  given  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of 
4  the  Propcfition  which  defires  your  Majefty  to 
4  confirm  the  Ordinance  for  the  better  Obfervation 
4  of  the  Lore's  Day  according  as  is  therein  defired  ; 

*  nor  to  that  Part  of  the  Proportion,  which  defires 
4  5jour  Majefty  to  give  your    Royal  AflVnt   to    the 
4  Bill    for    the  better  Advancement  of  Preaching 

*  of  God's  Holy  Word  in  all  Parts  of  this  King— 
4  dom ;    and  to  ihe  Bill  again  ft  enjoying  Pluralities 

*  of  Benefices  by  Spiritual  Perfons,  and  Non-Refi- 
4  dency,    which  have  been  formerly    prefcnted  to 
4  your  Majefty. 

*  And  uhereas  it  is  defired,  That  an  Act  or  Acts 
4  be  palled  in  Parliament  for  a  ftridter  Courfe  to  be 
4  taken  to  prevent  the  faying  or  hearing  of  Mais  in 
4  the  Court,  or  any  .other  Part  of  this  Kingdom,  or 
4  the  Kingdom  of  Ir eland  \  we  humbly  conceive 
4  your  Majefty  doth  not  give  Anfwer  thereunto  in 
4  the  Extent,  as  by  the  Proportion  is  defired,  for 
4  your  Majefty  therein  exempts  the  Queen  and  her 
4  Family. 

4  And,  Laftiy,  we  humbly  conceive,  your  Ma- 
4  jefty  hath  not  at  all  granted  the  Defires  of  the 
<  two  Houfes  touching  the  Covenant;  and  there- 
4  fore  we  ftiil  humbly  defire  your  Majefty 's  full  An- 
4  fwer  to  the  Propofition  concerning  the  Church.' 
[Sign  d  by  all  the  Comnrffior^rs.} 

His  MAJESTY'S   further  and  final  ANSWER  con- 
cerning the  CHURCH. 

CHARLES  'R.  Newport,  Oct.  21,  1648. 

T  7  I S  Majefly  conceiiics   that    his  former 
^        to    your    Propojitiont    concerning    the    C-'?fircf'.'t 
would  have  given  more  Satisfaction  to  his  i-iv.  i 


92  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  than  is  exprejjed  in  your  Papers  of  the  i6th  and 
I  Jib  of  this  In/I  ant,  as  containing  in  them  (if  con- 
fidered  in  their  full  Extent]  ConceJJions  of  the  mojt 
material  Things  defired\  and  therefore,  as  well  for 
a  Declaration  of  his  dear  Intentions  by  thofe  former 
Anfwers,  as  for  a  farther  and  final  Anfwer  to  the 
faid  Proportions  and  Paper  of  the  Ijth,  his  Majejly 
faith  as  follow eth  : 

That  albeit,  for  the  Rcafons  exprejfed  in  his  for- 
mer Paper,  he  cannot  confent  to  a  Bill  and  the  Or- 
dinance for  abolijhing  Bijhops ;  yet,  for  the  Satif- 
faflion  of  his  two  Houfes,  and  fettling  the  public 
Peace,  he  will  confent  to  a  Bill  for  the  taking  away 
ef  all  Archbijhops,  Chancellors,  and  Commijfaries, 
Deans  and  Sub-Deans,  Deans  and  Chapters,  Arch- 
deacons, Canons,  and  Prebendaries  ;  and  all  Chan- 
ters, Chancellors,  Treasurers,  Sub-Treafurers,  Sue- 
centers,  and  Sacrifts ;  and  all  Vicars  Choral,  and 
Choiriflers,  Old  Vicars  and  New  Vicars  of  any  Ca- 
thedral or  Collegiate  Church  ;  and  all  other  their 
Under -Officers,  out  of  the  Church  of  England  and 
Dominion  of  Wales,  and  out  of  the  Church  of  Ire- 
land. And  farther,  his  Majejly  will  confent  to  fuf- 
pend  the  Exercife  of  all  Epifcopal  Government  for 
the  Space  of  three  Years ;  and  hath  confented  and 
will  confent  to  confirm  the  Form  of  the  Church  Govern- 
ment, now  presented  to  him  for  the  faid  three  Years, 
and  that  no  other  Jhall  be  ufed  during  that  Time  : 
In  which  Time,  his  Majejly  continueth  his  Defire, 
That  a  Confultation  may  be  had  with  the  AJJembly 
of  Divines  at  Weftminfter,  (twenty  of  his  own  No- 
mination being  added]  to  the  end  that  his  Majejly 
and  his  two  Houfes  may  within  thofe  three  Years  in- 
form themfelves  of  the  Praclice  of  the  Primitive 
Church  in  point  of  Epifcopacy ;  and  may  accordingly 
agree  in  limiting  the  Bijhyps  to  the  Counfcl  and  Af~ 

ance  of  Prejbyters,  and  in   the  Exercife  of  their 

rifdiftion,  and  Increafmg  their  Number  if  it  be 
thought  ft. 

And  his  $4ajejiy  will  confent  that  in  cafe  no  Set- 
tlement Jhall  be  agreed  on  within  the  faid  three  Years, 
then  after  the  faid  Time  the  Power  of  Ordination 

Jhall 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  93 

/hall   not    be    exercifed  by    the    Bijhops  without    the  An.  24  Car.  I. 
Counjel  and  AJJiftance    of  Prejbyters  ;    and  that  no ,       l  *  '     t 
other    Epifcopal   jitrifdiftion  Jhall    be    exercifed   by       oftober. 
Bijhops    but  fuch,  and   in  fuch  Manner,  as  Jhall  be 
agreed  on  by  his  Majejiy  and  his  two  Houfes  of  Par- 
liament ;    and  his    Majejiy  doth   profefs,    that   if  in 
that  Time  he  be    convinced  that   the  Function  of  Bi- 
J})ops  is   net  agreeable  to  the  Word  of  God,  or  that 
Chrift    commanded    any   other  Government,    he  will 
moji  chearfully  embrace  that,  and  take  away  Epifeo- 
pacy  ;    but  until   he    be  fo   convinced  he   believes  him- 
felf  bound  in  Conference  to  uphold  that  FuncJion,  as  is 
above  exprejfid. 

For  the  Ordinances  for  fettling  the  Bijhops  Lands 
upon  TrvJIees,  and  for  the  Sale  of  thofe  Lands,  al- 
though his  Majejiy  upon  conscientious  Scruples^ 
(wherein  he  hath  the  concurrent  Opinion  of  the  Di- 
vines as  well  of  the  Reformed  as  other  Churches) 
hath  not  consented  thereunto ;  yet  he  hath  offered  Sa-  . 
tisfaftion  to  all  fuch  as  have  pur  chafed  any  of  thofa 
Lands  or  dijburfed  Money  upon  that  Security,  by 
legal  EJIates  for  Lives  or  Tears,  not  exceeding  ninety 
nine  Tearst  referving  only  the  Property  and  Inheri- 
tance of  thofe  Lands  to  the  Church  and  Churchmen* 
at  the  old  Rent,  or  other  moderate  Rent,  for  their 
Maintenance  j  and  if  that  thofe  Leafes  Jhall  not 
fuffice,  his  Majejiy  ivou'd  propound  and  confent 
to  feme  other  Way  for  their  farther  Satisfaction : 
And  therefore  other  Satisfaction  for  thofe  Debts  and 
Engagements  (which  were  the  Motives  for  the  Sale 
of  thofe  Lands)  being  propcfed,  and  his  Majejiy 
having  therein  condefeended  as  far  as  pojjibly  he  can, 
he  defer es  his  two  Houfes  would  comply  with  his  Majejiy 
•in  thofe  Particulars. 

His  Majejiy  hath  offered,  by  Aft  of  Parliament, 
to  confirm  the  calling  and  fitting  of  the  Ajjembly  of 
Divines,  as  largely  in  the  Matter  defered  as  the  Or- 
dinance itfelf  propofed  for  that  Purpofe.  He  hath 
likewife  offered  to  c  infirm  the  public  Ufe  of  the  Di- 
reftory  in  all  Churches  and  Chapels,  as  defn  cd  in 
your  Propofetion :  and  to  confent  to  the  Repeal  of  fa 
much  of  alll  Statutes  as  concern  the  Book  of  Common- 


94  ¥he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  Praytr,  and  to  take  the  fame  away  out  of  all  Churches 
and  Chapels,  except  bis  Majcjfy's  Chapel,  where  he 
intends  the  Ufe  thereof  may  be  continued  for  himfelf 
and  his  Houjhold,  until  another  public  Form  of 
Praytr  JJiould-be  agreed  on  by  his  Majejiy  and  kis  two 
JFloufes. 

His  Majejiy  hath  likewife  confented  to  the  Bill 
fou  fvpprejjing  'of  Innovations,  wherein  there  is  full 
Provision  for  the  due  Obfervation  of  the  Lord's  Day  ; 
and  offered  (if  that  were  not  Jufficient)  to  confent  to 
the  Matter  of  the  Ordinance  for  the  Obfervation 
thereof  as  fully  as  is  dejired'.  But  for  the  Ordi- 
nances prefsnted  to  his  Majejiy,  which  concern  the 
AJJembly  of  Divines,  the  Directory,  the  taking  away 
the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  and  the  Obfervation  of 
the  Lord's  Day,  many  Exprcffwns  therein  require 
neceffary  Alterations,  in  refpeff  of  fame  Things  hap- 
pened fince  their  firjl  framing  ;  others  reflect  on  for- 
mer ejlablifoed  Laivs,  and  other  Matters  not  necef- 
fary ;  and  therefore,  tho1  he  confented  to  the  Matter 
therein  de fired,  yet  he  could  not  confirm  thofe  in- 
dividual Ordinances,  in  Terminis,  as  they  were 
•penned. 

J^hereas  you  conceive  that  his  Majejiy  did  not 
give  his  SfJJ'ent  to  the  Bill  for  the  better  Advancement  of 
the  Preaching  of  God's  Holy  Word  in  all  Parts  of  this 
Kingdom  ;  his  Majejly,  by  his  former  Anjwer,  did  fuf- 
ficiently  exprefs  his  Confent  thereunto,  by  csnfenting  to 
the  Bill  for  fupprfjj ing  of  Innovation! ,,  (in  which 
that  for  the  better  Advancement  of  Preaching  is  inclu- 
ded} and  his  Majefy  doth  cgc.in  give  his  Confeni  there" 
unto  ;  as  alfo  to  the  Bill  againjl  enjoying  Pluralities  of 
Benefices  by  Spiritual  Per  Jons,  and  Non-ReJidency, 
formerly  delivered  to  his  Majejiy,  as  is  defired  '.n  your 
Proportions. 

Touching  Reformation  of  Religion  ;  whereas  you 
fay,  That  his  Majcuy's  Anfwer  comes  fur  fhort  of 
"the  Proposition,  which  defires  that  his  Majefty 
fhould  Confent  that  Reformation  of  Religion,  ac- 
cording to  the  Covenant,  be  ieule  J  n  fuch  Manner 
as  both  Houfes  have  agreed,  or  ftiaD  r.gree  uponr 
after  Confultation  had  with  the  Afl'embly  of  Di- 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  95 

vines  ;    bis  Ma je fly  faith,   That  he  hath  anfwered  all  An  24  Car.  I, 

the    Particulars  which   are  fet  down   as  Branches  of  ^ f 

that  general  Proportion,  and  cannot  think  it  will  be      October, 
cxpettcd   that    he  Jhould    oblige    himf elf  generally    to 
ivhat  his  two   Houfes  Jhall   hereafter  agree  touching 
Matters  of  Religion,  before  he  be  fatisfied  of  the  Na- 
ture thereof. 

His  Majejly  conceives  that  he  hath  given  a  full  An- 
fwer  to  your  Proportion  for  an  Acl  or  Acls  to  be  pajfed 
for  aftri£ler  Courfe  to  be  taken  to  prevent  the  faying  or 
hearing  of  Mafs  in  the  Court,  or  any  other  Part  of  this 
Kingdom,  or  the  Kingdom  0^' Ireland  ;  he  having  con- 
fented  thereunto,  with  Exemption  only  of  the  Queen 
and  her  Family,  few  whereof  are  of  her  Profefjion^ 
according  to  the  Articles  of  Marriage  agreed  on  be- 
twixt the  two  Crowns,  which  his  Majejly  conceives  his 
tiuo  Houfes  will  not  advife  him  to  break  ;  and  for  re- 
flrainingthe  Accefs  of  all  others  but  her  Family  ;  and  in 
all  Things  elfe  his  Majejly  confents  to  that  Proportion 
as  is  dejired. 

Touching  the  Covenant,  his  Majejly  anfwers  as 
formerly,  That  he  remains  yet  unsatisfied  to  take  it,  or 
impofe  it  upon  others,  and  conceives  it  not  proper  to 
be  infifled  upon  at  this  Time  j  and  that  the  Ends  there- 
of, without  taking  it,  will  be  obtained  by  this  Agreement, 
If  happily  concluded. 

For  the  Articles  of  Religion  prefented  to-  his  Ma- 
jejly, which  are  dejired  to  be  confirm  d  by  Act  of  Par- 
liament, his  Majejly  hath  already  anfwered,  That 
he  hath  not  yet  had  Time  to  perufe  them  with  that 
Deliberation  as  is  requijite  before  he  bind  up  himfelf 
and  his  Subjects  in  Matters  of  Faith  and  DoElrine  ; 
and  conceives  his  two  Hovfes  will  think  it  not  improper 
to  refpite  the  Consideration  of  them  to  a  farther.  Time, 
confedering  how  perilous  Definitions  are  i;i  Matters 
of  Religion,  how  long  Time  the  Articles  have  been 
in  framing,  and  that  fence  the  Beginning  of  • ::  Treaty, 
and  not  before,  they  came  intircly  to  his  Majsjtys 
View. 

His  Majvjly  having  fo  far  confented.  to    thefeve- 
ral  Particulars  of  this.  Proportion,  that  t!>e  remain- 
ing 


96         .       ne  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  jng  Differences  are  very  few,  doth  therefore  carne/l* 
i  <  _  ,  ly  defire   bis  two    Houfes,  that  they  may  be  no  Ub* 

Oftober.     fade  to  the  Settlement    of  the  blejjed  Peace  now  in 
Hand. 

Tlie  PROPOSITION  concerning  the  Nomination  of 
the  CHIEF  OFFICERS  in  the  Kingdom  of  Eng- 
land. 

Newport,  Qtt.  21,  1648. 

For  the  Nomina^  {  TTT  E    humbly    defire    your    Majefty    to   give 
tionof  chief  Of-  1   VV    your  Royal  Aflent  to  the  Proportion  en- 


'  Lord-Treafurer,  Commiflioners  of  the  Great  Seal 
<  or  Treafury,  Lord-Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports, 
'  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  and  Duchy,  Secre- 
'  taries  of  State,  Mafter  of  the  Rolls,  Judges  of  both 
'  Benches,  and  Barons  of  the  Exchequer  of  the  King- 
«  dom  of  England,  be  nominated  by  both  Houfes  of 

*  the  Parliament  of  England,  to  continue  quamdiu  fe 
c  bene  gejjerint  ;  and,  in  the  Intervals  of  Parliament, 
1  by  fuch  Committees  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament, 

*  as  both  Houfes  of  the  Parliament  of  England  fhall 
£  nominate   and    appoint  for  that  Purpofe,  to  be 

*  approved  or  difallowed  by  both  Houfes  at  their 

*  next  Sitting.' 

[Subfcribtd  by  all  the  Cornmijfioners.] 

CHARLES  R.  NewPort>  Oa- 
Tf  0  R  a  fnal  Anfwer  to  you  as  to  your  Paper 
•*  of  the  lift  Inftant  concerning  the  Nomination  of 
Officers,  his  Majejly  doth  confent  thereunto  as  is  de- 
Sired,  fo  as  the  Time  for  Nomination  be  limited  to  ten 
Tears. 


The  PROPOSITION  concerning  the  City  of  London. 

Newport,  Off.  21,  1648. 

<  TiTT  £  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give  your 
t   VV    Confent  to  the  Propofition  following  con- 

«  That 


For  the  city  of  < 

*  corning  the  City  of  London  : 
7 


^ENGLAND.  §7 

*  That  an  Aft  be  parted  for  the  granting  and  con--   An.  24.  C»r 
'  firming  of"  the  Charters,  Cuftoms,  Liberties,  and    t    *  *8> 
1  Franchifes  of  the  City  of  London^  notwithftanding      o<fbb<Jr« 
'  any  Nonufer^  Mifufer,  or  Ab.ufer. 

4  And  for  Prevention  of  Inconveniences  whicn 
'  may  happen  by  the  long  Intermiffiori  of  Common 
'  Councils,  it  is  defired,  That  there  may  be  an 
'  Aft  that  all  Bye-Laws  and  Ordinances  already 

*  made,  or  hereafter  to  be  made,  by  the  Lord  Mayor, 
'  Aldermen,  and  Commons  in  Common  Council 

*  aflembled,  touching  the  calling,  continuing,  di- 
'  refting  and  regulating  the  fame  Common  Coun- 
'  cils,  (hall  be  as  effeftual  in  Law,  to  all  Intents 
'  and   Purpofes,  as    if  the  fame  were  particularly1 
'  enafted    by  the  Authority   of  Parliament  j    and 
'  that  the  Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  Commons, 
'  in  Common  Council,  may  add  to,  or  repeal  the 
'  faid  Ordinances  from  Time  to  Time  as  they  (hall 

*  fee  Caufe. 

'  That  fuch  other  Propofitions  as  {hall  be  made 
c  by  the  City  for  their  farther  Safety,  Welfare,  and 
'  Government,  and  fhall  be  approved  of  by  both 

*  Houfes  of  Parliament,  may  be  granted   and  con« 

*  firmed  by  Aft  of  Parliament.' 

[Subfcribed  by  the  CommiJJiori<rs'\i 
CHARLES  R.        Newport,  Oft.  21,  1648, 

a  final  Anfwer  to  you^   as  to  your  Pmpo/itten 
concerning  the  City  of  London,  bis  Majefly  dotb 
confent  thereunto  as  is  defired. 

The  PROPOSITION  concerning  the  GREAT  SEAL. 
Newport^  Ocl.  21,   1648. 


*  VI7  E  humbly    defire    your    Majefty  t 

*  VV    your  Royal  Affent  to  the  Propofiti 


to     give  For  tnc  Crwl 


lidon  en-  s"1 » 


'  fuing, 

*  That  all  Grants,  Commiflions,  Prefentations, 
«  Writs,  Procefs,  Proceedings,  and  other  Things 
'  parted  under  the  Great  Seal  of  England,  in  the 

VOL,  XVIII,  G  *  Cuftcdy 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

'  Cuftody  of  the  Lords  and  other  Commifiionefs^ 

*  appointed  by  both  Houfes   of  Parliament  for  the 

©Sober.      '  Cuftody  thereof,  be,  and,  by  A61  of  Parliament 

*  with  the  Royal  AfTent,  (hall  be  declared  and  ena<9> 
«  ed  to  be,  of  full  Force  and  Effect  to  all  Intents  and 
'  Purpofes,  as  the  fame  or  like  Grants,  Commif- 
'  fions,    Prefentations,    Writs,    Procefs,   Proceed - 

*  ings,  and  other  Things    under   any  Great  Seal 

*  of  England^  in  any  Time  heretofore,  were  or  have 

*  been. 

4  And  that,  for  Time  to  come,  the  fafd  Great 

*  Seal  now  remaining  in  Cuftody  of  the  faid  Com- 

*  miflloners,  continue  and  be  ufed  for  the  Great 

*  Seal   of    England:   And  that  all   Grants,  Com- 

*  millions,  Prefentations,  Writs,  Procefs^  Proceed- 
'  ings,  and  other  Things  whatsoever  pafled  under, 
'  or  by  any  Authority  of,  any  other  Great  Seal  fince 
'  the  22d  of  May,  1642,  or  hereafter  to  be  pafled , 
'  be  invalid  and  of  no  Effect,  to  all  Intents  and  Pur- 
'  pofes  ;  except  fuch  Writs,  Procefs,  and  Commif- 
'  fions  as  being  pafled  under  any  other  Great   Sea], 
'  than  the  faid  GreatSeal  in  the  Cuftody  of  the  Com- 
6  miffioneiB  aforefaid,  on  or  after  the  faid  22d  Day 
'  of  May,  and  before  the  28chJ)ay   of  November^ 
e  1643,  were  afterwards  proceeded  upon,  returned 

*  into,  or  put  into  Ufe  in  any  of  the  King's  Courts 
6  at  Weftrmnfter ;  and  except  the  Grant  to  Mr.  Ju- 

*  ftice  Bacon  to  be  one  of  the  Ju.ftices  of  the  Kings 

*  Bench ;  and  except  all  A6h   and  Proceedings  by 

*  virtue  of  any  Acts  or  Commiflions  of  Goal  De- 

*  livery,  Afli^e  and  Niji  priiis,  or  Oyer  and  Term- 

*  ner  pafled  under  any  other  Great  Seal  than  the 

*  Seal  aforefaid,  in  the  Cuftody  of  the  faid  Commif- 

*  fioners,  before  the  firft  of  Ottober^  1642.' 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  CommiJJloners.'} 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Oa.  21,  1648. 

JN  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  your  Proportion  concern-- 
ing  the  Great  Seal,  delivered  in  this  Day,  his  Ma- 
jefty  doth  canfent  thereunto?  as  is  defircd. 


\ 

^ENGLAND.  99 

The  PROPOSITION  concerning  W  A  R  D  s  and  An-  24  c«r. 
LIVERIES.  l648' 

v—    '     v 

Oftober. 
Newport,  Of?.   21,    1648. 

4  TT7  E  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to 'give  your. And  for^the 
4    VV    Royal  AfTent  to  the  Propofition  enfuing, 
4  That  an  Act  or  Adts  of  Parliament  be  palled, 

*  for  the  taking  away  of  the  Court  of  Wards  and 
4  Liveries,  and  of  all  Wardfhips,  Liveries,  Primier 
4  Set/ins,  and   Oujler   les  Mains,  qnd   of  all   other 
4  Charges  incident  unto,  or  arifmg  from,  or  by  reafon 
4  of,  any  Wardfhips,  Liveries,  Primier  Scifms,  or 
4  Qujler  les   Mains ;    and  of   all  Tenures  by  Ho- 
4  mage,   Fines,  Licences,  Seifures,  and  Pardons  for 
4  Alienation,  and  of  all  other  Charges  incident  or 
4  belonging  thereunto,  or  for  or  by  reafon  thereof, 
4  from  the  24th  of  February,   1645.     And  that  all 

*  Tenures  by  Knights  Service,  Grand  Serjeanty, 
4  Petty  Serjeanty,  or  Soccage  in  Capite,  either  of 
4  his  Majefty,  or  of  any  other  Perfon  or  Perfons, 
4  may  be,    from  the  Time  aforefaid,  turned  into 
4  free  and  common  Soccage.     And  that  the  Sum  of 
4  50,000  /.  per  Annum  be  granted  to  the  King  by 

*  way  of  Recompence.' 

[Sign'dby  all  the  Commijfiwers.'] 

CHARLES  R.        NewPort>  Oa-  2I» 

R  a  Final  Anfwer  te  you,  as  to  your  Propofition 
concerning  the  Court  of  Wards,  delivered  in  this 
Day,  his  Majefly  doth  confent  thereunto  as  is  defired,fo 
as  he  may  have  in  Recompence  for  the  fame  100,000  1. 
per  Annum  ajfurcd  unto  him,  his  Heirs  and  Suc- 
cffjors. 

After  reading  all  thefe  Papers,  the  Lords  took  The  Lor<J»  name 
into  Confideration  the  Commons  Vote  of  the  2Oth,  fcven  Deiin- 
wherein  they  declared  that  they  would  not  proceed,  ^""^ 
as  to  the  taking  away  of  Life,  to  above  the  Number 
of  feven  Perfons,  in  the  firft  Branch  of  the  Propo- 
fiion  concerning  Delinquents  -t  and  refolvcd  upon 
G  2  Francis 


i  oo  ube  Parliamentary.  HISTORY 

An;  24  Car.  I.  Francis  Lord   Cottington,   George  Lord   Digby,  Sir 

t     *  ^'         Robert  Heath,   Sir   Francis  Doddington,  Sir  George 

Odtober.       RadcUff*,    Sir  Richard  Grenville,    and    Sir  Charles 

Dattifon.     The  reft  of  the  Perfons  in  the  firft  Ex- 

ception were  ordered  to  ftand. 


aeteort 

tng  p'ropofi0-1"'"  pofitions,  with  the  King's  Anfwers  to  them,  being 
tions,  &c.  being  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  Mr.  Weaver  corn- 
punted.  plained,  That  they  were  already  put  into  Print,  and 

defired  that  Enquiry  might  be  made  who  it  was  that 
gave  Order  for  the  printing  of  them  j  alledging  what 
a  Diflionourand  Prejudice  to  the  Houfe  it  muft  needs 
be,  to  have  Things  difperfed  abroad  in  Print  before 
they  had  been  debated  there  ;  faying  further,  That 
iurely  the  Blame  muft  be  laid  on  Sir  Peter  Killi- 
grew,  it  being  hardly  poflible  that  a  Copy  could 
be  obtained  fo  fuddenly  from  any  Hand  but  his/ 
Another  faid,  '  That  this  being  a  Way  to  fore- 
ftal  the  Senfe  of  the  Houfe  in  the  Opinion  of  the 
People,  it  ought  not  to  be  fuffercd  ;  and  unlefs  it 
were  prevented,  Things  would  be  fo  reprefented 
as  if  they  were  not  Well-wifhers  to  the  Treaty/ 
To  this  it  was  added  by  a  third,  '  That  he  could 
not  believe  any  Man  in  the  Houfe  was  againft  the 
,  ^  Treaty;  and,  for  his  Part,  rather  than  Things 
fhould  not  be  concluded  thereby,  and  left  Want  of 
Time  mould  be  objected  hereafter,  he  would  con- 
fen  t  that  forty  Days  longer  might  be  added  to  the 
Treaty/  This  laft  Motion  being  fupported  by 
many  of  the  Independent  Party,  gave  Occafion  to 
luipecl:  that  it  did  not  proceed  from  any  Good- 
will to  Peace  :  Whereupon  a  Member  obferved, 
4  That  the  happy  Iffue  of  the  Treaty  did  not  con- 
iift  fo  much  in  Length  of  Time,  as  in  a  Defire 
to  give  and  receive  mutual  Satisfaction,  to  and 
from,  his  Majefty,  and  a  reafonable  Compliance 
tapon  moderate,  juft,  and  equal  Grounds  ;  alledg- 
ing, That  his  Maiefty  had  condefcended  very  much 
in  the  main  Things,  and  the  Houfe,  as  yet,  in  no- 
thing at  all  to  him  :  That  his  Majefty  had  given 
Satisfaction  in  the  Militia,  and  feveral  other  Mat- 

ters 


ef    ENGLAND.  101 

ters  fufficient  for  their  Security  :    That  the  only  An.  24  OT.  r 

Thing  he  ftuck  at,    was   the  Deftruction  of  the  ^ '^        t 

Church  and  his  Friends,  and  the  taking  of  the  Co-  oaober. 
vennnt,  concerning  which  he  had  given  in  his  fi- 
nal Anfwer ;  and  therefore  it  would  be  in  vain  to 
continue  the  Treaty  any  longer  than  the  Time  li- 
mited, except  it  were  defired  by  his  Majefty  him- 
felf  and  their  Commiffioners  :  Befides,  he  urged, 
it  would  be  much  conducing  to  the  obtaining  a 
Peace  by  his  Treaty,  if  the  Debate  of  his  Maje- 
fty's  prefent  final  Anfwer  concerning  the  Church 
might  be  managed  with  Moderation  :'  And  there- 
fore he  moved  the  Houfe  might  proceed  upon  it 
prefently.  But  this  was  over-ruled :  And  the  Re- 
fult  was,  That  a  Letter  of  Thanks  fliould  be  fent 
from  both  Houfes  to  their  Commiflioners,  inclofing 
the  Refolution  of  the  igth,  to  except  Sundays  and 
public  Fafts  out  of  the  Number  of  the  forty  Days 
allotted  for  the  Treaty :  The  farther  Debate  upon 
the  Propofitions  was  alfo  put  off  to  the  26th,  and 
all  the  Members  ftri&ly  enjoin'd  to  attend  at  that 
Time. 

Qtt.  25.  No  Bufinefs  was  done  in  either  Houfe, 
only  returning  Thanks  to  the  Minifters  who  had 
preached  before  them,  it  being  the  Faft  Day  :  But, 

Oft.  26.  A  Motion  was  made  in  the  Houfe   of  Debate  on  the 
Commons,  For  taking  into  Confideration  the  Com-  Kine's  Anfwer 
miflioners    Paper   expreffing    the    Defefts  of    thertoEl' 
King's  former  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition  cpncern- 
ingthe  Church,  and  his  Majefty's  further  and  final 
Anfwer  to  that  Propofition.      In  fupport  of  this 
Motion  a  Member  alledg'd,  '  That  it  was  high 
Time  to  tranfmit  the  Senfe  of  the  Houfe  thereupon 
to  their  Commiffioners,  who   muft  needs  be  at  a 
Stand,  by  reafon  of  fo  long  a  Delay,  his  Majefty 
having  given  in  his  Anfwer  five  Days  before,  which 
had  now  been  three  Days  depending  in  the  Houfe.' 

The  Independent  Party   finding  the  Confidera- 
tion of  the  King's  Anfwer  could   not  be  decently 
avoided,    began    the    Attack    upon     Epifcopncv. 
G  3  Mr. 


102  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  z*.  Car.  I.  Mr.  Miles  Corbet  affirm'd,  «  That  Bifiiops  wertf 
-  '  ' c^earty  Anti-chriftian,  and  cry'd  out,  Down  with 
tnem  even  to  the  Ground.'  To  this  Mr.  'Blakijlcn 
added,  '  That  becaufe  Bifhops  were  Anti-chriftian, 
therefore  the  King  ftuck  fo  clofe  to  them  ;  that  his 
Majefty  gave  no  Satisfaction  at  all  concerning  Bi- 
fliops,  for  he  confented  to  the  taking  away  of  only 
Archbifhops ;  but,  for  his  own  Part,  he  thought 
they  were  both  Birds  of  a  Feather.' 

To  this  it  being  anfwer'd,  *  That  the  King,  in 
order  to  grve  Satisfaction,  had  confented  to  lay 
afide,  after  three  years  End,  the  whole  Subftance 
of  Epifccpacy,  and  abolifli  the  Jurifdiction  and 
Function  of  Bifhops,  as  appear'd  by  his  laft  Con- 
ceflions  ;  only  he  had  left  a  little  Root  in  Matter  of 
Ordination : '  Mr.  Gourdcn  replied,  *  That  both 
Kingdoms  had  covenanted  and  engaged  to  pluck 
up  Epifcopacy  Root  and  Branch  ;  and  that  if  they 
left  ever  fo  little  a  Slip  of  the  Root,  it  would  foon 
grow  up  again  ;  and  therefore  he  conceived  the 
King  could  not  give  Satisfaction  till  Bifhops  were 
taken  away,  both  Name  and  Thing,  that  there 
might  not  remain  the  leaft  Footfteps  of  that  Go- 
vernment to  be  taken  Notice  of  by  the  Prefent  Age, 
or  tranfmitted  to  Pofterity.' 

Hereupon  Mr.  Jeffon  proposed  this  Queftion, 
*  Whether  Bifhops  were  not  mention'd  in  the  Scrip- 
ture, and  far  more  vifibly  than  the  Form  now  en- 
deavoured to  be  fet  up  for  ought  that  had  been 
yet  (hewn  to  the  contrary  ?  And  whether  the  Gen- 
tlemen that  were  fo  eager  for  rooting  up  Epifco- 
pacy, had  not  bed  root  it  up  firft  out  of  the  Evi- 
dences of  the  Gofpel,  and  of  all  Antiquity?'  To 
this  no  Anfwer  was  given :  But  Alderman  Pen- 
r.ington  further  urging,  '  That  the  Houfe  was 
bound  by  the  Covenant  to  root  out  Bifhops?' 
it  was  replied,  *  That  it  was  true  they  were  bound 
by  the  Covenant  to  extirpate  fo  much  of  the  Hie- 
rarchy as  fhould  be  found  contrary  to  the  Word  of 
God,  the  Rule  by  which  they  were  to  reforn?  ; 
and  therefore  till  it  was  cleared  how  much  of  Epif- 
copacy was  contrary  to  the  Word  of  God,  it  could 

not 


cf    E  NG  L  A  N  D.  103 

not  be  fafe  to  extirpate  the  whole  Order  :  AncI  the  An.  24  Car.  I. 
only  Way  to  find  out  the  Truth   was  that  which  .      l64  '      , 
the  King   had  propounded  and  promifed,  that   be-       oftobcr. 
twixt  this  and  three  Years  End,  if  upon  a  Confe- 
rence between  the  AfTembly  of  Divines,  and  twenty 
of  his  own  Nomination,  he   mould    be  convinced 
of  the  Unlawfulnefs  of  Biftiops,  and    the  Lawful- 
nefs  of  any  other  Government,    he  would    moft 
chearfully  embrace   that,   and  take  away  Epifco- 
pacy :  But  till  then  it  could  not,  in  Reafon  and 
Confcience,  be  expected  that  his  Majefty  {hould 
abfolutely  abolifh  it,  under  Pretence  of  giving  Sa- 
tisfaction.' 

To  this  the  Independents  replied,  by  arguing 
en  Fafio  ad  Jus;  faying,  '  That  the  Conference 
prbpofed  by  the  King,  at  the  End  of  three  Years, 
would  perhaps  be  the  Way  to  undo  all  that  hitherto 
the  Parliament  had  done  ;  and  might  call  in  que- 
flion  the  Judgment  and  former  Refolutions  of  the 
Houfes,  and  the  Ordinances  concerning  Church- 
Government.'  In  Anfwer  to  which  it  was  obferv'd, 
That  it  muft  be  an  ill  Caufe  which  could  not 
endure  the  Teft  of  a  Conference. ;  that  the  avoid- 
}ng  one  would  reflect  much  upon  the  Reputation  of 
the  Aflembly  of  Divines  ;  and  argue,  in  the  Opinion 
of  moft  Men,  either  a  bad  Caufe,  or  but  weak 
Defendants:  Moreover,  that  a  Bufmefs  of  fo  high 
a  Nature  as  Church-Government  could  not  be 
debated  too  often,  and  as  yet  one  Party  only  had 
been  heard  to  fpeak  to  that  Point ;  whereas  it  was 
unjuft  to  conclude  upon  any  thing  without  know- 
ing, at  leaft,  what  the  other  had  to  offer ;  that  it 
muft  be  far  more  for  the  Honour  of  the  Houfe  to 
determine  fo  weighty  a  Matter,  after  a  full  Hear- 
ing on  both  Sides  :  And  therefore  it  was  moved, 
that  his  Majefty's  Conceflions  might  be  accepted  of 
as  to  the  Matter  of  Epifcopacy.' — But  the  Que-  which  is  voteij 
ftion  being  put  thereupon,  it  was  refolved,  T 
the  King's  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  the  Propofition 
for  the  Church,  which  concerns  a  Bill  and  Ordi- 
nances for  abolifliing  of  Bimops,  is  not  fatisfac- 
And  a  Committee  was  appointed  tv  draw 
G4  up 


3  04  3*be  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  54  Car.  I,  u?  the  Particulars  of  this  DiflatisfaCtion  againft  the 
t   l648'     j    next  Morning. 

Oftcber* 

The  fame  Day,  Oft.  26,  the  Earl  of  Manchejler 
acquainted  the  Houfe  of  Lords  that  Sir  "John  Cbiefley 
had  that  Morning  brought  him  the  following  Letter 
from  the  Committee  of  Eftates  of  Scotland,  and 
defired  that  §\r  David  Carmichael  might  have  a  Pafs 
to  go  into  the  Ifle  of  Wigbtt  to  deliver  a  Letter  alfo 
from  them  to  the  King. 

For  the  Right  Honourable  the  SPEAKER  of  the  Houfe 
of  PEERS  pro  Tempore,  to  be  communicated  to  both 
Haufes  of  Parliament. 

Edinburgh,  Oft.    17,   1648. 
Right  Honourable, 
*  ANY  have  been  the  Troubles  wherewith 


the  Committee   c  the"  Lord  hath   been    pleafed    to    exercifc 

pf  Eftates  of      *  thefe  Kingdoms,  fjnce  your  joining  with  us   in 
Scotiand,<kfmnSc  the  Sojemn  League  anj  Covenant;   but  we  may 

agoodCorrelpcn-  .      .  o  I'IA/T- 

dence  with  the  truiy  »y,  many  and  great  have  been  the  Mercies 
Parliament  of  <  of  the  Lord,  and  his  gracious  Deliverances  out 
«  of  thofe  Troubles  :  We  need  not  to  mention  the 
'  Toffings,  Shakings,  and  ftrong  Tempefts  which 
c  the  Honourable  Houfes  have  endured,  and  how 

*  the  t-ord  hath   preferved   them  in  the  Midft  of 
'  them  all  ;  thefe  Things  are  beft  known  to  your- 
'  felves  :  But  for  us,  befides  fmaller  Troubles,  this 

*  Kingdom  hath  been  twice  borne  down  and  over- 
'  run  by  the  Prevalency   of  the  malignant  Party  ; 
'  firft  by  the  Power  of  the  .Forces  under  the  Con- 
'  du6l   of  James  Graham^  late   Earl  of  Montrofs, 
'  and  lately  by  the  Power  and  Force  of  thofe  who 
'  joined  urjder  the  Corrjmand    of  James  Duke  of 
^  Hamilton.,  from  both  which  the  Lord  hath  mer- 

*  cifully  delivered  us  ;  and  now,  by  his  good  Pro- 
f  yidence,  the   Power  of  managing  the  Affairs  of 
'  the  Kingdom  is  again  inverted  in  the  Hands  of 

*  thofe  Perfcns  who  were  moft  forward  and    active 
?  in  fending  an  Army  mtoEnglandy  in  the  Year  of 

«  QoJ 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  105 

c  God  1643,  for  the  Affiftance  of  their  Brethren,  An- *4  Car.  i. 
1  and  v.'ho  protcfted  in  Parliament  againft  the  late  t  *  '  __, 
'  unlawful  Engagement  againft  your  Nation.  O&ober. 

*  For  a  long  Time  there  hath  been  a  Mixture  of 

*  Malignants  joined  with  us  in  our  Councils,  which 
'  hath  been  the  Root  of  all  our  Evils  and  Troubles, 
'  and   a  chief  Means   to  beget  a  Mifundcrftanding 

*  betwixt  the  Kingdoms;  but  we  truft  in  God  it 
'  fhall  be  fo  no  more. 

'  We  do  return  unto  you  of  this  Kingdom  our 
'.  hejrty  Thanks  for  the  willing  and  ready  Offer  of 
'  Afiiftance  you  v/ere  pleafed  to  make  unto  us,  by 
'  your  Votes  of  the  28th  cf  Septemher  laft,  com- 
'  municated  to  us  by  Lieutenant-General  Crtm- 
'  well;  and  we  do  eaincftly  defire  the  Right  Ho- 
'  nourable  the  Houfcs  of  Parliament  to  reft  aflured, 
1  that,  next  under  God,  we  place  our  greateft 
'  Strength  for  carrying  on  the  Works  cf  Reforma- 
'  tion,  ;md  fettling  the  Peace  of  this  Kingdom,  in  a 

*  firm  Conjunction  and  hearty  Correfpondency  with 
4  our  Brethren  of  England. 

'  We  are  informed  that  the  Honourable  Houfes 
£  are  treating  with  the  King  upon  the  Propofitions 
'  formerly  prefented  unto  his  Majefty,  by  Commif- 
?  fioners  of  both  Kingdoms,  at  Hampton -Court ; 
'  wherein  we  truft  they  will  not  proceed  to  a  final 
'  Agreement  without  having  Regard  to  the  Intereft 

*  of  this   Kingdom  :  But  above  all  we  hold  it  our 
'  Duty  ferioufly  to  recommend  to  both  Houfes  of 
4  Parliament,  that  as   they  defire  a  Blcffing  from 
'  Heaven  upon  their  Proceedings,  they  be  fpecially 
'  careful  that  the  Propofi  ions  concerning  the  Co- 
'  venant  and  Reformation  of  Religion  be  fettled  and 
e  agreed   on  in  the  firft  Place,  before  all  Interefts 
'  whatfoever ;   and  fo  foon   as  we  (hall  underftand 

*  that  Matters  are  in  a  hopeful  Way  of  Agreement 

*  betwixt  his  Majefty  and  his  Kingdoms,  we  (hall 
'  be  ready  to  contribute  our  utmoft  Endeavours  for 
'  that  End. 

*  The  late  Engagement  of  the  Forces  of  the 
'Duke  of  Hamilton  againft  you  having  ftopp'd  all 


io6 

An.  24  Car.  I. 
1648. 

Oftobcr. 


Their 


their  Agent  for 
tfeat  Purp  fe. 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Intercourfe  betwixt  us  for  a  long  Time,  we  know 
little  of  the  true  State  of  your  Affairs  ;  wherefore 
we  have  fent;  this  Gentleman,  Sir  John  ChieJIey  of 
Kerfwcll,  who  hath  been  a  Partaker  with  us  in  our 
Sufferings,  and  an  a&ive  Oppofer  of  the  late 
Engagements,  to  attend  the  Honourable  Houfes 
of  Parliament,  to  give  unto  them  an  Account  of 
our  late  Proceedings  and  prefent  Condition,  and  to 
prefent  our  real  Endeavours  and  fincere  Refolu- 
tions  to  preferve  inviolably  the  Union  betwixt  the 
two  Kingdoms  according  to  the  Covenant  and 
Treaties ;  for  which  End  we  do  defire  the  Hon- 
ourable Houfes  to  give  full  Credit  and  Truft  ta 
him  in  all  Things  which  he  {hall  fay  in  the  mean 
Time,  in  the  Name  of 

Tour  mojl  affured  Friends 

and  bumble  Strvants, 

Signed  in  the  Name,  and  by 
the  Warrant  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Eflatu,  by      L  o  U  D  O  N,  Cane* 

Sir  JOHM  CHIESLEY'S  LETTER  ^CREDENCE. 


;  WHereas 


Edinburgh,  Oft.  17, 
the  Committee  of  Eftates  of  this 
Kingdom,  confifting  of  fuch  Members 
6  of  Parliament  as  diflented  from,  and  protefted  ia 
(  Parliament  againft,  the  late  unlawful  Engagement 
'  againft  our  Neighbour  Nation  of  England,  with 
4  whom  we  are  joined  in  Covenant,  have  fourjd 

*  it  neceflary  that  fome  be  fpeedily  employed  from 

*  this  Kingdom  to  the  Right  Honourable  Houfes 
«  of  the  Parliament  of  England,  to  inform   them, 
'  concerning  our  late  Proceedings  and  the  prefent 

*  State  of  our  Affairs  ;  and  further,    for  preserving 
'  and  continuing  a  good  Underftand ing  betwixt  the 

*  Kingdoms :  They  do  therefore  give  full  Power, 

*  Commiffion,  and  Charge  to   Sir  John  Chiejley  of 

*  Kerf Mell 9  forthwith  to  repair  to  the  Kingdom  of 


cf   ENGLAND.  107 

*  England^  with   Power  to   him  to  endeavour  the  An-  24  Car.  I. 

*  effecting  of  the  Ends  aforefaid  ;  and  further  to  do        J  *S* 

*  all  fuch  other  Affairs  as  are  or  fhall  be,  from  Time 
4  to  Time,   committed  unto  him  by  the  faid  Com- 

*  mittee  of  Eftates,   according  to   the  Inductions 
'  now  given,  or  which  (hall  be  hereafter  given,  unto 
4  him  ;  holding  firm  and  ftable  whatfoever  he  fhall 
«  do  conform  to  the  faid  Inftru&ions. 

Signed  in  the  Name^  and  by  the  Warranty  of  the 
Committee  of  Eftates, 

LOUDON,  Cane.9 

The  Confederation  of  thefe  Papers  was  put  off 
to  the  next  Day,  when  it  was  agreed  by  both 
Houfes,  That  they  fhould  all  be  referred  to  the 
Committee  at  Derby-Hcufe,  who  were  appointed 
to  receive  what  Sir  John  Chiejley  had  to  deliver 
from  the  Committee  of  Eftates  there,  and  report 
the  fame  to  the  Houfes. 

Next  the  Lords  proceeded  to  that  Claufe  of  the 
King's  Anfwer  to  the  Proportion  concerning  the 
Church,  as  related  to  the  paffing  of  A6ts  for  the 
better  Obfervation  of  the  Lord's  Day,  and  againft 
Innovations.  The  Senfe  of  the  Houfe  on  this  was, 
That  the  Commiffioners  have  Directions  to  know 
of  the  King  what  the  particular  Expreffions  are 
which  he  excepts  againft  :  And,  concerning  the 
Claufe  about  the  Covenant,  it  being  put  to  the 
Queftion,  Whether  to  fend  to  the  Commiffioners 
to  prefs  the  King  to  pafs  an  A£r,  for  enjoining  the 
taking  of  the  Covenant  with  a  Penalty  ?  it  palled  in 
the  Negative. 

Qtt.  27.     The  Commons  refumed  the  Debate  Debate  on  th» 
upon  the  Proportion  concerning  the  Church,  andKing'i  Anfwcr* 
came   to  this    Refolution   thereupon,  *  That   the a$  to  the  Sale  of 
King's  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  the  Proportion  con-B     pl  Land 
cerning  giving  his  Confent  to  the  Ordinances  for 
fettling  the  Lands  of  the  Bifhops  upon  Truftees, 
for  the  Ufe   of  the    Commonwealth,  and  for  ap- 
pointing the  Sale  of  thofe  Lands,  is   not  fatisfac- 
torv  ;  and  that  the  Commiffioners  do  prefs  his  Ma- 

jcfty 


1 08  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

.  Car.  i.  jefty  to  give  his  full  Confent  to  thofe  Ordinances  as 

by  the  Propofition,' 

Then  Mr.  Swinfcn  reported  to  the  Houfe  the 
Particulars  of  their  DifTatisfaction  in  his  Majefty's 
Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  the  Propofition  for  the 
Church,  concerning  the  abolifhing  of  Bifhops,  to 
be  fent  by  way  of  Inftru&ion  to  the  Commiflioners 
in  the  Ifle  of  JVight^  which  were  read  and  appro- 
ved of  as  follows  : 

'  The  Houfcs  upon  ferious  Confidcration  and 
Debate  had  upon  the  King's  laft  Anfwer  to  the 
Propofition  concerning  the  taking  away  and  abo- 
lifhing  Bifhops,  and  fettling  Prefbyterian  Church- 
Government,  have  voted,  That  it  is  unfatisfac- 
tory.  And  in  regard  the  King,  in  his  faid  An- 
fwer, hat  rather  framed  a  new  Propofition  than 
confented  to  that  prefented  unto  him  by  the  Houfes, 
wherein  yet  he  grants  fome  Part  of  what  the 
Houfes  defire ;  that  the  Houfes  may  manifeft  the 
Clearnefs  of  their  Proceedings  in  this  Treaty,  and 
their  earneft  Defires  of  a  blefled  Peace,  they  do 
aflign  the  Particulars  wherein,  as  to  that  Part  of 
the  King's  Anfwer,  their  main  DifTatisfa&ion 
refteth. 

1.  '  That  the  King  doth  not  utterly  abolifti  the 
Function  and  Power  of  Bifhops  (a)  [as  they  were 
formerly  in  Ufe']  within    the  Kingdoms  of  England 
and  Ireland,   and   Dominion  of  Wales  ;   but  only 
fufpendeth  the  Exercife  of  their  Function,    as  to 
Ordination,  for  the  Term  of  three  Years,  and  no 
more  j  and  the  Exercife  of  their  Power  as  to  other 
Things,    [for  the  fold  Term  of  three  Years'],    and 
untill  fuch  Time  as  himfelf  and  the  two  Houfes  of 
Parliament  (hall  agree  upon  any  other  Settlement. 

2.  '  That,  during  the  Term  of  tnree  Years,  the 
King  may  make  Bifhops  in  the  old  Manner ;  and, 
at  the  End  of  three  Years,  the  Exercife  of  their 
Function,   as  to  the  Point  of  Ordination  in  the  old 
Manner,  is  revived  in  fuch  of  the  old  Bifhops  as 
(hall  be  then  living,  and  in  fuch  other  new  Bifhops 

as 

fa]  The  firft  Paffage  between  Crotehct*  wa»  If  ft  oyf;  an*  the  c,thei 
>dded,  by  Defive  of  the  Lords, 


of   ENGLAND.  109 

as  the  King  hath  or  {hall,  make,  it  being  only  ex-  An-  2+  Car.  I. 

prefled   that    they   (frill    not    ordain   without  the  ( l6^'     t 

Council  and  Affiftance  of  Preibyters,  which  alfo  was       oftober. 
practifed  formerly. 

3.  '  That  the  Form  of  Church-Government, 
prefentcd  to  the  King  by  the  Houfes,  is.  by  his  An- 
fwer, limited  only  to  the  Term  of  three  Years ;  and 
that,  at  the  End  thereof,  Provifion  is  only  made  for 
Ordination  in  a  \Vay  different  from  what  the  Houics 
have  propofed,  and  no  certain  Way  fettled  for  any 
other  Thing  concerning  Ecclefiaftical  Difcipline  and 
Government,  which  will  be  as  neceflary  to  be  pro- 
vided as  that  of  Ordination. 

*  And  this  the  Houfes  do  judge  at  the  End  of 
three  Years,  will  expofe  the  Kingdom  to  new  Di- 
ffractions, which  they  defire  may  be  prevented  in 
this  Peace. 

'  You  are  hereby  authorized  to  acquaint  his 
Majefty  herewith,  and  to  prefs  him  to  a  full  An- 
fwer in  pafling  the  Church-Government,  and  abo- 
liihing  of  Bifhops,  as  is  propounded  by  the  Pro- 
pofition.' 

Next  the  Houfe  proceeded  to  that  PafTage  of  the  TIie  ufe  of  t{ie 
King's  Anfwer,  wherein  his   Majefty  required  the  common  Prayer 
Ufe  of  the  Common  Prayer  in  his    own  Chapel in  his  Majefty'* 
only.     Againft  this  it  was  faid,  <  The  Common Chapel  only> 
Prayer  was  as  bad    as  the  Mafs  ;  and  that  if  it 
fhould  be  permitted  at  Court,  it  were  but  to  reject 
one  Idol,  and  fet  up  another ;'  urging  moreover, 
*  That  the  Houfe  had  entered  into  a  Covenant  for 
the  eftabliftiing  of  Uniformity,  which  there  would 
be  little  Hope  of  fettling,  when  the  King's  Cha- 
pel fhould  become  a  Pattern  for  other  Places  and 
Churches  to  follow. 

Hereupon  it  was  refolved,  *  That  the  King's 
Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  the  Proportion  touching 
the  public  Ufe  of  the  Directory,  and  the  taking 
away  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  wherein  he 
defines  to  continue  the  Ufe  thereof  for  himfelf  and 
his  Houmold,  untill  another  public  Form  of  Prayer 
ihould  be  agreed  on  by  his  Majefty  and  his  two 
Houfes,  is  unfatisfa&ory,' 

Then 


Ho  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.       Then  it  was   further  refolved,  '  That  his  Ma-» 

1648.     ^  jefty's  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  the  Proportion  as  con- 

Oftober.       cerns  his  confirming,  by  Act  of  Parliament,   the 

Articles  of  Chriftian  Religion,  is.  not  fatisfa&ory  ; 

The  Articles  of  an^  that  the  Commiffioners  do  prefs  the  King  to  give 

Religion,  his  full  Confer t  thereunto.' 

The  next  Point  that  came  upon  the  Carpet  was 

that  Claufe  of  the  King's  Anfwer,  wherein  he  pro- 

ii'iifd  to  pafs  an  A£t  for  the  preventing  the  Saying 

The  Queen's  be-  °f  Mafs  in  the  Court,  or  any  other  Part  of  this 

jag  allowed  Mafs  Kingdom,    or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland ;  only,  he 

•%*  °Wn  Fa"  excePted  the  Queen  and  her  Family,  that  thofe  few 

of  them,  which  were  of  her  Profeflion,  might  have 

the  free  Exercife  of  their  Religion,  according  to  the 

Articles  of  Marriage  agreed  on  betwixt  the  two 

Crowns  of  England  and  France. 

Againft  this  it  was  alledged,  c  That  the  Godly 
Party  of  the  Kingdom  ever  difliked  the  Marriage  it- 
felf,  when  it  was  firft  in  Agitation  ;  but  much  more 
when  they  were  informed  of  this  Article  for  bring- 
ing of  Idolaters  and  Idolatry  into  the  Court,  which 
had  been  the  Caufe  of  all  thofe  Miferies  and  Di- 
ftra&ions  ;  and  that  if  it  fhould  be  admitted  any 
more,  Superftition  and  Corruption  would  foon  re- 
ceive Countenance,  and  grow  up  again  in  Church 
and  Commonwealth  ;  to  the  great  Grief  of  the 
Godly,  the  Scandal  of  the  Reformation,  and  the 
Breach  of  the  Covenant,  by  which  the  Houfe  was 
bound  to  the  utter  Extirpation  of  Popery.' 

To  which  it  was  replied,  '  That  by  the  Extirpa- 
tion of  Popery  was  meant  the  fupprefling  it  from 
being  received  into  any  eftablilhed  Form  of  the 
Kingdoms,  or  having  any  Countenance  or  public 
Toleration  by  Authority,  to  the  Prejudice  of  the 
Reformation  j  but  not  the  excluding  of  particular 
Tolerations  upon  Confiderations  of  State  j  efpe- 
cially  fo  eminent  a  one  as  this,  in  favour  of  the 
Queen,  upon  her  Marriage.'  Befides,  it  was 
urged,  *  That  it  was  unreafonabie  to  deny  the 
Queen  the  Exercife  of  her  Religion,  unlefs  it  were 
meant  {he  {hould  never  return  into  the  Kingdom  ; 
and  fure  none  would  be  fo  harfh  and  unchriltian  as 

to 


of   ENGLAND.  in 

to  keep  her  a  banifhed  Woman  from  her  Hufband  An.  24  Car.  1. 
for  ever.' 

But  this  Argument  had  no  Weight  with  the 
Commons,  for  they  refolved,  c  That  the  Houfe, 
out  of  their  Deteftation  to  that  abominable  Idol  the 
Mafs  (b),  doth  declare,  that  they  cannot  admit  of, 
or  confent  unto,  any  fuch  Exemption  in  any  Law* 
as  isdefired  by  his  Majefty,  for  exempting  the  Queen 
and  her  Family  out  of  fuch  Act  or  Acts,  as  are  de- 
fired  by  the  Propofition  to  be  parted,  for  a  ftricter 
Courfe  to  prevent  the  hearing  or  faying  of  Mafs  in 
the  Court)  or  any  other  Part  of  this  Kingdom,  or 
the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  ;  that  his  Majefty's  An- 
fwer  thereunto  is  not  fatisfactory  ;  and  that  the 
Commiflioners  do  prefb  his  Majefty  to  give  his  full 
Confent  to  that  Part  of  the  Propofition,  as  it  is 
there  defired.' 

At  laft  they  came  to  the  Covenant,  which  occa- 
fioned  a  very  hot  Debate,  in  which  it  was  infifted 
upon,  '  The  King  ought  not  only  to  take  it  him- 
felf,  but  pafs  an  Act  for  impofmg  it  throughout  the 
Kingdom.'  Againft  this  it  was  argued,  c  As  a 
moft  urireafonable  and  unjuft  Thing  to  urge  the 
Covenant  upon  the  King,  when  many  Members 
of  both  Houfes,  and  of  the  Army,  who  had  refufed 
to  take  it,  had  been  efteemed  the  better  for  it,  and 
judged  the  fitteft  Men  for  public  Employments  5 
and  many  of  thofe  who  hud  taken  it  were  looked 
upon  with  an  evil  Eye,  and  as  Men  averfe  to  the1 
public  Interefts  :  And  that  the  Oath  and  Covenant 
was  not  made,  nor  intended,  for  the  King  to  take  ; 
but  that  it  was  a  Solemn  Stipulation  betwixt  the 
Subjects  of  both  Kingdoms  only,  as  appeared  by 
the  Preamble  of  it,  We  the  Noblemen,  Knights, 
Citizens,  Burgeffes,  &c.'  To  this  it  being  anfwer- 
ed,  «  That  the  Houfe  could  alter  that,  when  the 
King  would  confent  to  the  taking  of  it ;'  feveral 
Members  argue,  '  That  though  the  Houfe  could 

alter 

(V)  Thefc  Wordi  were  added  upon  the  Motion  of  Sir  Henry  Mild- 
may,  Mr.  Gourdon,  and  Alderman  Ptnnin^ton  i  But  were  after- 
wards altered  by  the  Lordi  thus,  tbat  abtminablt  Idolatry  uf<d  ;-. 
Che  Mafj, 


i66o. 


Oaober. 


1 1 2  The  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  6  R  ir 

An.  21  Car,  I.  alter  the  Preamble  of  the  Covenant,  yet  they  couM 
not  the  Contents  and  Subftance  of  it;  and  in  them 
were  many  Things  contained  very  improper  for 
the  King  to  fwear  to  ;  as  the  Maintenance  of  his 
own  Perfon,  Honour,  Crown,  and  Dignity  ;  which 
would  be  abfurd,  fmce  Self-Love  and  Prefervation 
is  ingrafted  in  every  Man  by  Nature:  And  that  if 
his  Majefty  was  to  take  the  Covenant,  and  fwcar 
to  maintain  his  own  juft  Rights  and  Prerogatives^ 
according  to  the  Tenor  of  it,  then  if  he  conceived 
any  of  thofe  Things  demanded  by  the  Houfes  to  be 
his  juft  Rights,  he  was  bound  to  deny  them  ;  from 
whence  it  appeared  that  the  Covenant  was  never 
intended  for  the  King  to  take  ;  and  if  he  did  take 
any  it  muft  be  a  new  one,  or  the  old  one  altered  j 
which  they  ought  to  have  done  before  they  fent  the 
Proportions,  that  his  Majefty  might  have  known 
\vhat  Part  of  the  Covenant  they  intended  to  impofe 
upon  him,  before  he  fhould  make  a  Promile  to 
take  it.'  ' 

Hereupon  Mr.  Gourdon  ftood  up,  and  dcfired 
Leave  to  fpeak  to  the  firfr  of  thofe  Arguments, 
*  How  that  there  was  not  the  fame  Reafon  for  pref- 
fmg  the  Covenant  upon  the  .Members  of  the  Houfes 
and  the  Army,  as  upon  the  King ;  and  that  was 
becaufe  the  main  Claufe  of  it  is  againft  the  introduc- 
ing of  Popery,  of  which  none  was,  or  is,  fufpe&ed 
but  the  King ;'  (and  in  this  he  was  fupported  by 
many  of  the  Prefbyterian  Party,  out  of  their  Zeal 
for  the  Covenant :)  But  to  hkn,  who  was  a  known 
Champion  for  the  Independents,  it  was  frnartly  re- 
plied, '  That,  on  the  fame  Ground,  all  the  Mem- 
bers of  both  Houfes,  and  of  the  Army,  ought  to  take 
the  Covenant,  as  well  as  the  K'ng  ;  becaufe  there 
was  a  fpecial  Claufe  in  it  for  the  fuppreffmg  of  all 
Here/ies  and  Schifms.' 

At  laft  the  Debate  ended  with  this  Refolution, 
c  That  the  King's  Anfwer  touching  the  Cove- 
nant was  not  fatisfaciory  :  And  a  Comrriittee  was 
appointed  to  confider  how,  and  in  what  Manner, 
the  Covenant  could  be  framed,  fo  as  that  it  might  be 
prefented  to  the  King,  to  be  taken  by  him.' 

From 


AH  which  the 

Commons  vote 
unfatisfa&ory. 


^/ENGLAND.  113 

From  the  Arguments  in  the  foregoing  Debate  in-  An,  44  Car.  1. 
Tiding  upon  the  King's  taking  the  Covenant,  this  l6*8' 
Obfervation  arifes  :  The  Independents,  who  were 
Enemies  to  it  themfelves,  preffed  it  upon  his  Ma- 
jefty,  hoping  thereby  to  throw  upon  him  the  Odium 
of  oppofing  a  Peace,  and  preventing  any  good  Suc- 
cefs  of  the  Treaty.  The  Prefbyterians,  though 
they  wim'd  for  an  Accommodation  with  the  King, 
yet  would  not,  even  to  obtain  that  End,  give  up  the 
Covenant,  of  which  themfelves  had  been  the  firft 
Promoters,  and  whereon  they  founded  their  Hopes 
bf  the  Continuance  and  Eftablifhment  of  their  dar- 
ling Plan  of  Church- Government.  From  this  U-> 
hion  of  fo  contradictory  Interefts  the  contemporary 
Author,  to  whom  we  are  obliged  for  the  Minutes  of 
thefe  Debates  (c],  foretold,  at  this  very  Time,  that 
the  Treaty  would  prove  fruitlefs,  and  the  King  be 
foon  after  crulh'd  between  the  two  Parties. 

Oft.  28.  The  Refolutions  of  the  Commons  ofi 
the   26  and    2yth,   being    fent  up    to  the  Lords       u 
for  Concurrence,  they  agreed  to  them  all  with  fome  themj  except  n 
little  Alterations,  (already  taken  Notice  of)  except  to  the  Sale  of 
that  concerning  the  Sale  of  Bifliops  Lands,  which  BlflloP» Landt< 
they  refpited  to  further  Confideration. 

The  fame  Day  the  Lords  fent  a  Meflage  to  the 
Commons,  fignifyingj  That  in  Confequence  of  the 
Vote  for  proceeding  againft  only  feven  Perfons  as 
to  the  taking  away  Life4  in  the  firft  Branch  of  the 
Propofition  concerning  Delinquents,  they  had 
named  the  Lord  Cottington,  Lord  Digby,  Sir  Ro- 
bert Heath,  Sir  Francis  Doddington,  Sir  Gecrge 
Radclife,  Sir  Richard  Greenville,  and  Sir  Charles 
Dallifon,  Hereupon  a  Member  faid,  «  The  Lords  Debate  «n  the 
had  acted  as  Betrayers  and  Deluders  of  the  King-  feven  Delin- 
dom,  by  naming  feven  of  the  old  Delinquents  who  JobL^ 
were,  every  Man  of  them,  out  of  their  Power ;'  the  Lords, 
and  a  Debate  arifing  whether  they  fhould  name 
feven  more  out  of  the  new  Delinquents,  the  Lord 
Goring  was  named  as  one  ;  which  being  objected 
to,  Serjeant  Nicholas  flood  up  and  faid,  «  \Vhat, 
VOL.  XVIII.  H  Mr. 

(e)  Merttritti  Prfprtaticm,  No.  31. 


1 1 4  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Aa.  14  Car.  I.  Mr;  Speaker,  fhall  we  fpare  the  Man  who  raifed  a 

t l648'        fecond  War   more   dangerous  thari   the  firft,  and 

Ottober.  cudgelled  us  into  a  Treaty  (d)  ?'  However,  a  Motion 
being  made,  That  there  be  an  Addition  of  Names 
to  the  firft  Branch  of  the  Propofition  concerning 
Delinquents,  it  pafled  in  the  Negative  without  a 
Divifion. 

Letters  relating       At  this  Time  the  Parliament  was  alarmed  with 

totheMarquisofNews  from  Ireland,   bringing  an  Account  of  the 

ingTrTireknd, "  Marquis  of  Ormondes  landing  there,  and  his  making 

to  make  Peace    Peace  with    the    Rebels  in   that  Kingdom.     His 

with  the  Rebels  Lordfhtp's  original  Letter  was  fent,  addrefled  to  one 

of  their  Chiefs,  and  inclofed  in  the  following  from 

Col.  Jones,  which  were  all  read  : 

To  the  Right  Hon.  WILLIAM  LENTHALL  Efq  ; 
Speaker  of  the  Honourable  the  COMMONS  Houfe  in 
Parliament, 

Honourable  Sir,        Dublin,  Off.    18,   1648. 

«  1  N  my  laft  of  the  4th  Inftant,  I  reprefented  the 
'  1   prefent  Wants  of  this  your  Army,    both  irt 

*  Men  and  Money  ;  wherein  now  again   I   moft 
'  earneftly  defire  we  may  be  fupplied,  and  that  with 
'  all  convenient  Speed,  [confidering  Ormond  is  now 
'  arriving  here,  and  the  Defisns  by  him  driven  ap- 
'  pearing  in  the  inclcfed  ;  which  are  intended  prin- 

*  cipally  to  the   Diftarbance  of  your  Affairs  here» 
'  His  Lordfhip  meeting  with  the  Irijh  Commilfiori- 
'  ers,  began  on  their  Treaty  on  Monday  the  i6th 

*  prefent ;  after  which  (I  have  it  on  good  Grounds) 

*  all  their  Powers  together  are  to  be  employed  againft 

*  this    your  fmull  Party  in  this   Province.]     The 

*  timely  removing  hence  thofe  of  Ormond's  Inftru- 

*  ments,  in  whom   he  moft  confided,   will   retard 
'  him  much  in  his  Defign  ;  yet  will  it  be  alike,  and 

*  no  lefs  for  his  Advantage,  if  he  has  to  work  on  a 

*  neceilitated  Party,  fuch  as  this  is,  on  whom  large 

*  Offers  of  plentiful   Subfiftance  (which  ours  have 
'  not)  may  be  much  working. 

<  There 

(<T)  Alluding  to  the  following  Paflage  !n  an  Intercepted  Letter  of 
Lord  Going's,  before  given,  Cudgel  them  inta  a  Treaty,  and  leave  us 
to  do  tbt  reft. 


^ENGLAND.  115 

'  There  are  extraordinary  and  large  Taxes  laid,  An.  24  Car.  i. 

*  by  the  Poll,  in  Irijh  Quarters,  for  making  up,  it 
'  is  faid,  the  Sum  of  60,000  /.  for  the  Prince,  who 
'  is,  by  the  Iri/b^  expe&ed  here  with  his  Fleet,  as 
'  foon  as  the  Treaty  is  made  up  between  them  and 
'  Ormond.  .  In  this  I  am  much  confirmed,  that  all 
'  herein  defigned  is  principally  for  England. 

4  It  is  therefore  nearly  concerning  you  to  pre- 
'  vent  this  growing  Evil,  and  that  rather  here, 
4  t'jan  there,  by  fending  hither^  with  all  Speed, 
4  what  is  for  the  Work ;  particularly  that  we  be 
'  fupplied  with  Horfej  (the  Life  of  this  Service) 
'  our  Troops  here  being  weakened  by  a  ft  range 
'  Difeafe,  whereby  fixty  Horfes  have  mifcarried  in 
'  fo.me  Troops  confiding  but  of  feventy-two  to  the 

*  Troop. 

'  This  of  Ormondes  Arrival,  and  the  Difcovery 
c  made  of  his  Defigns,  have,  for  the  prefent,  di- 

*  verted  niy  Intentions  for  advancing  in  Perfon  \ 
'  that  thereby  this  Place  (to  be  principally  fecured) 
'  may  be  provided  for,  and  other  Things  prepared 

*  neceflary  for  a  Meeting  with  that  Army,  or  thofe 
4  Defigns  of  the  Rebels  fo  much  fpoken  of.     In 
1  the  mean  Time  I  ftlall  vifit  their  Quarters  with 

*  ftrong  Parties,  fent  out  on  all  Hands,  for  burning 

*  and  deftroying  of  their  Corn   and  what  may  W 
'  clfe   for   their  Siibfiftance   or  Accommodation  j 

*  whereof  I  truft  ere  long,  by  God's  AfTiftancej  to 

*  give  you  fome  good  Account ;  fo  I  rett 

Your  mojl  humble  and  faithful  Servant^ 

MICHAEL  JONES. 

Lord  ORMOND'J  LETTER. 

To  our  very  loving  Friend  Sir  Richard  Blake,  Knt. 
Chairman  to  the  Ajfembly  of  the  Confederate  Ro/nan 
Catbolicks,  now  at  Kilkenny. 

'    AFTER  our  very  hearty  Commendation':, 

*  L\  b-ing   arrived   in    this    kingdom,   qiialihcd 
'  wilh  Power  to  treat  and  conclude  a  Pcucc  with 

Ha  'jhe 


1  1  6  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.*  the  Confederate  Roman  Catholicks,  or  fuch  as 
l64-S-  *  fhall  be  deputed  and  authorized  by  them  in  that 

*"T3X  '  '  Behalf,  we  have  thought  fit,  by  thefe  our  Letters, 
'  to  defire  you  to  make  the  fame  known  to  the  Af- 
4  fembly  of  the  faid  Confederate  Reman  Catholicks 
'  now  at  Kilkenny  :  As  alfo  that,  in  purfuance  of 
4  the  Paper  of  the  I3th  of  Mtiy  luft,  delivered  to 
4  their  Commiffioners  at  St.  Germain'  j,  we  expefl 
'  to  receive  from  them,  by  Perfons  fully  authorized 
4  to  treat  and  conclude,  fuch  Propofitions  as  they 

*  (hall  think  fit  at  our  Houfe  at  Carr'uk  ;  whither 

*  we  intend  to  remove  for  the  better  Accommodation 

*  and  more  fpeedy  Difpatch  of  this  Affair,  as  foon 
.  '  as  we  fhall  be  advertiied  by  you  of  the  Time  vvhert 

*  we  fhall  expect  them  there,  which  we  defire  may 

*  be  with  all  convenient  Expedition.     We  remain 

*  at  Cork  this  4th  of  Ottober^  1648, 

Your  very  loving  Friend^ 

O  R  M  O  N  D, 

A  LETTER  of  Intelligence. 

To  the  Honourable  Colonel  MICHAEL  JONES,  Chief 
*,          Commander  of  the  Forces  of  Leinften 


Oft.  10,   1648. 
Honourable  Sir^ 

*  I  Have,  given  ----  a  Meeting  at  Maynoutb^ 

*  J.   whofe  Relation  is,  That  great  Preparations  are 
4  now  in  Agitation  in  Kilkenny  againft  your  Honour 

*  and  Party  :   ^  nd  that  Preflon  and  Owen  Roe  have 
'  agreed,  and  that  their  Intent  is  to  fall  on  your 
c  Army  fo    foon  as   it  fhall   march  ,    That  2COO 
4  Horfe  and  Dragoons  are  to  be  this  next  Week  in 
'  Readinefs  to  come  into  your  Honour's  Quarters, 

*  only  to  deftroy  and  ruin  ;  and  that  the  Lord  of 
c  Inckiquin    was   on  Sunday  Lift    at   Kilkenny^    and 

*  Proportions  are  between  Ormond  and  the  Irljh 
4  Council.     But  he  doth  abfolutely  aflure  me,  that 
4  they  all  join  againft  your  Honour  and  Party,  whom 
4  God,  I  truft,  will  ever,  as  hitherto,   favour  and 

4  defend. 


^ENGLAND.  117 

*  defend.     If  it  be  your  Honour's  Pleasure  we  will  An.  24  dr.  I, 

*  go  to  Kilkenny  this  next  Week,  and  within  ten     ..  *6*8'.    , 

*  Days  give  your  Honour  an  Account  of  all  Things  ;       oaob<r. 
'  which  I  thought  fit  to  acquaint  your  Honour  with- 

*  all,  and  will  ever  reft, 

Tour  Honour's  mojl  humll:  Servant, 


P.  5.  c  They  defire  the  Original  Letter  may  be 
*  returned.* 

On  reading;  of  the  above-written  Letters,   both  „,    .,  ,. 

ri        r         i  i         r        i          /"»       •  ru  /v.        i  i   i         -*^e  "ar'!3me 

Houfes  thought  fit  that  Copies  of  them  (hould  be  defire  the  Kin 
lent  to  their  Commifiioners  in  the  Ifle  of  IVight  j  to  declare  pub- 
with  Inftruaions  to  (h,ew  them  to  the  King,  and  ^}\^ 

.         *   *  ,  i         TT        r        *       i  i   •       T»  •  i       i"«*t  J^oru  S 

acquaint  him,  that  the  Houfes  judge  this  rroceed- 
ing  fo  contrary  to  an  Adi  of  this  prefent  Parliament, 
and  fo  deftri^ive  to  a  fpeedy  and  effectual  Reduce- 
ment  of  the  Rebels  there,  that  they  defire  his 
Majefty's  public  Declaration  againft  any  fuch  Power, 
and  againit  the  Proceedings  of  the  Lord  Ormond  in 
this  Matter.  They  alfo  ordered  a  Supply  of  Money 
and  Provifions  for  Col.  Jones. 

Off.  30.  At  the  Dcfa«  of  the  Lords  a  Conference 
was  held  with  the  Commons,  concerning  their  Re-  al 
folution  of  the  2yth,  relating  to  the  Salcof  BiQiops  toon*  R^fo^tio 
Lands,  which  their  Lordfhips  faid  they  could  not"T3ucJ"1TiS  ihc 
agree  to,  for  the  following  Rcafons  : 

Fir/fj  '  Bc'caufe  they  had  not  had  Time  to  de- 
bate it,  in  regard  it  was  necefTary  to  difpatch  away 
Sir  Peter  Kiliigrew  forthwith,  to  deliver  the  Senfe 
of  the  Houfes  upon  the  other  Particulars,  that  the 
Treaty  might  not  be  at  a  Stand  now  it  was  almoft 
expired. 

Secondly,  *  Bccaufc  his  Majcfty  being  (tumbled 
moft  of  all  at  the  Alienation  of  Church  Lands,  it 
were  more  convenient  to  put  this  off  to  the  lad, 
and  to  endeavour  a  Concluiion  in  other  Things 
that  related  more  nearly  to  the  fettling  of  the 
Security  and  P.:.ice  of  the  Kingdom  ;  and  they  de- 
fired  that  thole  Con/.effions  of  the  King's  might 
H  3  not 


1 1.8  7%e  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  5.4.  Car.  I.  not  be  loft  :  Neverthelefs  they  would  ftill  keep  their 
1  ^  f  Engagements  formerly  made  in  this  Particular,  by 
O#ob?r. endeavouring  to  gain  his  Majefty's  Confent  to  an 
Act  for  the  Sale  of  Bifhops  Lands  ;  yet  think  it  not 
fit  to  prefs  it  for  the  prefent,  becaufe,  if  an  Agree- 
ment  cannot  be  had  therein,  fome  other  Ways 
may  be  thought  on  to  fatisfy  his  Majefty's  Con- 
fcience,  and  the  Expectations  of  the  Purchafers  and 
Contractors,  rather  than  the  Kingdom  mould  run 
any  furiher  Hazard  by  an  unhappy  Breach  or  the 
Treaty. 

The  Commons  returning  to  their  own  Koufe, 
and  a  Report  being  made  of  thefe  Reafons,   feveral 
Members  expredcd  great  Refentment  againft  the 
Lords.     Col.  Harvey  faid,  '  They  had   had  Time 
enough  to  debate  the  Refolution   relating   to   the 
Sale   of  Bifhops    Lands ;'    and   added,   *  That  he 
conceived  thefe  Reafons  were  hatched  under  a  ma- 
lignant   Planet/      Mr.    Edward  Ajhe   faid,    '    He 
wondered  the  Lords  fhculd  at  any  Time  delay  their 
Concurrence  to  what  the  Commons  judged  necef- 
fary  for  the  Good  of  the  Kingdom  ;   and  therefore 
propoftd  fending  up  a  Mefiage  to  defire   another 
Conference,  to  give  Reafcns  againft  thofe   of  the 
Lords  i  which  if  they  rejected,  he  hoped  the  Com- 
mons  would   fend    away   their    own    Rrfolutions 
withot't  (laying  for  their  Concurrence.'     Hereupon 
another  Ccnilrence  was  voted  and  held  the  fame 
Day,   at  which  the   Commons  urg'd,  That  their 
Lordfhips  had  concurred    formerly  with  them,   in 
an  Ordinance  foi  aboliflaingof  Biftiops  ;   that  upon 
the  Authority  of  that  Ordinance,  moft  of  the  Lands 
h_ad   been    contracted    tor  and  fold  ;    in  Pofleilion 
whereof  the  Purchafers  could  not  hope  to  reft  fecure 
fo  long  as  the  King  denied  his  Confent,  becaufe  if 
the  Purchafers  of  thefe  Lands  were  to  be  confider'd 
only  as  Leflees,    according  to  the  King's   Propofi- 
tion,  there  would  be  perpetual  Endeavours  amcng 
the  malignsnt  Party  to  reftore  Bifnops  again,  which 
£he  abfolute  Sale  of  thefe  Lands  would  effectually 
prevent.     And  moreover,  if  his  Majefty  meant  to 
confent  to  their   Defires  at  all,  in   regard   to  this 

Bufinefs, 


^ENGLAND.  119 

Bufinefs,  there  was  the  more  Reafon  to  prefs  him  An-  23  Car-  '• 
upon  it  prefently,  than  put  it  off  to  the  laft ;   con-     t   1648.    ^ 
fidering  the  Prejudices   it  might  raife  againft  the      oa»bei. 
Parliament  in  the   Opinion  of  the  People,  in  cafe 
the  Houfes  did  not  agree  with  the  King  in  the  Clofe 
of  the  Treaty ;  which  the  Commons  would  hardly 
do  without  his  Majefty's  Concurrence  in  fo  neccfTary 
and  eminent  a  Particular :  And  that  for  thefe  Rea- 
fons  they   had  refolved   to   adhere  to  their  former 
Vote,  and  to  defire  again  their  Lordftiips  Concur- 
rence therein,    that    Ib  the  whole  might   be  fent 
away  to  the  King.'- 

The  Conference  being  over,  the  Lords  fell  into  TO  which  the 
Debate  again  upon  the  Refolution,  fent  up  by  the  Lords,  at  kit 
Commons,  concerning  the  King's  Anfwer  touching  a£ree* 
the  Ordinance  for  the  Sale  of  Bifhops  Lands;  and 
the  Queftion  being  put  for  agreeing  thereto,  it 
parted  in  the  Affirmative,  the  Earl  of  Lincoln  and 
the  Lord  Maynard  only  diflenting.  After  which 
their  Lordfhips  fent  down  to  acquaint  the  other 
Houfe,  That  being  unwilling,  at  this  Conjuncture 
of  Time,  to  retard  the  Bufinefs  of  the  Treaty,  they 
had  concurred  in  that  Vote:  And  defired  that  all 
the  Re'olutions  and  Inftru&ions,  parted  on  the  27111, 
might  be  fent  away  forthwith  to  the  King,  in-, 
clofed  in  a  Letter  to  their  Commiflioners,  to  be 
figned  by  both  Speakers,  which  was  done  accord- 
ingly. 

In  the  Beginning  of  this  Month  the  Parliament 
had  refolved  to  fill  up  the  vacant  Seats  in  the  Courts 
of  Juftice  at  Wejlmiujler,  there  being  only  five  Parliament 
Judges  furyiving  who  ailed  under  their  Authority, 
viz,  Mr.  Juftice  Rolle  and  Mr.  Juftice  Bacon  of  the 
King's  Bench,  Mr.  Juftice  Pheafant  of  the  Common 
Pleas,  Baron  Trevor  and  Baron  dtkins  of  the  Exche- 
quer. In  order  thereto  a  confiderable  Number  of 
Barrifters  of  Grey's  Inn,  the  two  Temples,  and  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  were  ordered  to  be  call'd  to  the  Degree 
ef  Serjeants  at  Law.  Some  of  thefe  were  named 
\i\  the  Houfe  of  Lords,  and  others  in  that  of  the 
H  4  Common?, 


1 2Q  *fbe  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o  R  V 

*'  6*8°**'  *  Commons,  but  tney  na^  tne  Concurrence  of  both 
Houfes  previous  to  their  Admifiion  to  that  Dignity  ; 
and  were  afterwards  fworn  in  by  Mr.  Wbitlocke^  one 
of  the  Commiflioners  of  the  Great  Seal  (d). 

At  the  End  of  this  Month  an  Ordinance  pafled 
both  Houfes  for  advancing  Mr.  Juftice  Rolle,  of 
the  King's  Bench,  to  be  Chief  Juftice  in  the  room 
of  Sir  yobn  Brain/Ion  who  had  refign'd,  and  for 
appointing  Serjeant  Jermyn  and  Mr.  Samuel  Browne 
to  be  Juftices  of  that  Court ;  Mr.  Solicitor  St.  John 
was  alfo  made  Chief  Juftice  of  the  Common  Pleas, 
Serjeant  Crefwfll  and  Sir  Thomas  Beddingfield,  Ju- 
ftices thereof ;  Serjeant  Wylde,  Chief  Baron  of  the 
Exchequer,  and  'Thomas  Gates,  Efq  ;  a  Baron. 

Under  the  Proceedings  of  the  i8th  of  this  Month 
we  took  Notice  of  a  remarkable  Petition,  prefented 
to  General  Fairfax,  from  Commiflary-Gencral  Ire- 
ton's  Regiment,  particularly  aimed  againft  the  King's 
Perfon.  And  about  this  Time  the  Attack  was  fol- 
lowed by  another,  which  runs  thus  :  (>) 

To  bis  Excellency  the   Lord  F  4  I  R  A  x,  <wr  Noble 
General. 

The  HUMBLE  PETITION  of  the  Officers  of  Col.  In- 
goldfby'j  Regiment  in  behalf  of  themfelves  and 
private  Soldiers,  now  lying  in  the  Garrijon  of 
Oxford. 


A  Petition  from 
Col.  Jngold%'s 
Regiment,   to 
Lord  Fairfax,  for 
Juftico  upon  the 
King  and  his 
Party. 


Sbewethj 

THAT  your  Excellency's  Endeavours,  and 
ours,  for  common  Freedoms,  have  been 
fo  hazardous  to  us,  fo  chargeable  to  the  People^ 
and  fo  wonderfully  owned  by  God  himfelf,  that 
once  before,  and  now  again,  God  hath  given  us 
a  total  Victory  over  the  Enemies  of  our  Liber- 
ties, and  given  thofe  into  our  Hands  that  would 
have  enflaved  us  ;  fo  that  nothing  remains  to 
be  done  to  make  and  keep  us,  and  all  the  honeft 

*  People 

(d)  Memerta/s,  p.  340,  (t  fey. 

(e)  From  the  Original  Edition,  printed  for  R.  Leybourft, 


o/*   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  121 

*  People  of  the  Nation,  Freemen  ;  and  to  make  the  /n-  *.4  ^ar-  1- 
'  Hazards  of  our  Lives,  and  Lofs  of  fo  much  Blood,  v_  '-•__• 
'  to  be  effectual  to  us,  but  an  immediate  Care  that       October. 

'  Juftice  be  done  upon  the  principal  Invaders  of  our 

*  Liberties,  namely,  the  King  and  his  Party,  whom 
'  the  Parliament  hath  formerly  declared  Non-Ad- 

*  drefles  to ;  The  Army   likewife  declared    to  live 

*  and  die  with  them  in  the  Profecution  thereof. 

'  That  likewife  fufficient  Caution  and  ftrait 
'  Bonds  be  given  to  future  Kings,  for  preventing 
'  the  enflaving  of  the  People  hereafter  :  And  that 
'  Grounds  of  Encouragement  be  given  to  the  People 
'  of  fucceeding  Generations,  for  defending  them- 
'  felves  againft  the  like  Attempt;  then  might  we 

*  with  Chearfulnefs  return  to  our  feveral  Callings, 
4  hoping  to   live  in  Peace,  blefling  God   for  his 
'  Goodnefs. 

'  But 'we  are  almoft  paft  Hopes  of  obtaining  thefe 
6  Things  and  it  cannot  but  lie  heavy  upon  our 
'  Spirits,  to  apprehend  that  all  our  Harveft  (hould 

*  end  in  Chafl^    and  what  was  won  in   the   Field 

*  fhould  be  given  away  in  a   Chamber ;    for  the 
'  Treaty  now  in  Hand  is  the  Matter  of  our  prefent 

*  Doubts  ;    the  Iffue  of  it  can  neither  be  juft  nor 
4  fafe :  And  feeing  that  upon  the  well  or  ill  clcfing 

*  of  our  late  and   yet  continued  Diflraclions,   de- 

*  pends  the  outward  Weal  or  Woe  of  us  and  cur 
'  Pofterity  ;    and  that  it  is  a  Thing  which  oue;ht  to 

*  be  looked  after,  as   to  the  making  fuccefsfull  all 
*•  our  former  Victories  which  God  hath  bleiled  us 

*  with  : 

•  We  therefore  humbly  pray  your  Excellency, 

*  That  you  would  be  pleafed   to  re-eftablifh  a  ge- 

*  neral  Council  of  the  Army  under  your  Command, 

*  to  confider  of  fome  effectual  Reuicdies  hereunto  ; 
'  either  by  reprefenting  the  fame  to  the  Houfe  of 

*  Commons,  as  the  Petitioners  of  London,   and  di- 

*  vers   other  Places  have  done,   or  by   fuch  other 
<  Way  as  your  Excellency  with  your  Council  (hall 
'  think  fit,  in  a  Bufinefs  of  fo  high  Concernment 
«  to  three   Nations  j    having   expended  fuch  vaft 

*  Quan- 


122 

An.  24  Car.  I. 

fc       >648- 
November. 


^The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Quantities  of  Blood  and  Treafure,  in  hopes  of 
«  better  Things, 

And  your  Petitioners,  fnall  pray,  &c. 

The  Confequences  of  this  and  other  Petitions, 
of  the  like  Nature,  will  fully  appear  in  the  Tranf- 
aftions  of  the  next  Month,  when  they  were  all 
digefted  into  one  large  Remonftrance,  and  fent  by 
Lord  Fairfax  to  the  Houfe  of  Commons, 

November  i.  Both  Houfes  agreed  in  the  follow- 
ing Refolutions  : 

1.  '  That  the  King's  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition 
concerning  Delinquents  is  unfatisfa&ory  in  all  the 
Claufes    thereof,  except  that  Claufe  wherein   his 
Majefty  gives  his  Confent   that  all  Perfons,  who 
have  had  any  Hand  in  plotting,  defigning,  or  aflift- 
ing  the  Rebellion  in  Ireland    {hall  expect  no  Par- 
don, as  is  exprefled  jn  the  firft  Branch  of  the  faid 
Propofition, 

2.  4  That  Sir  John  Strangways  be  taken  out  of 
the  Propofition  concerning  Delinquents. 

3.  *   That  thofe    Perfons,    named   in   the  firft 
Branch  of  the  Propofition  concerning  Delinquents, 
that  are  Proteftants,    except  thofe    that  {hall  be  ex- 
cepted  from  Pardqn,  {hall  be  admitted  to  Compo- 
fition. 

4.  '  That  thofe    Perfons    named    in    the    fiHt 
Branch  of  the  Propofition  concerning  Delinquents, 
that  are  Proteftants,  except  thofe  that  {hall  be  ex- 
cepted  from  Pardon,   {hall  be  admitted   to  com- 
pound at  a  full  Moiety  of  their  Eftates  (f). 

5.  '  That  all  Papifts  and  Popifli  Recufauts,  who 
have  been,  or  now  are,  a&ually  in  Arms,  or  vo- 
luntarily affifting,  againft  the  Parliament  of  Eng-r 
\and^  except  fuch  who  have  had  any  Hand  in  the 
plotting,  defigning,    or   affifting  the  Rebellion  of 
Ireland^  and  except  fuch  as  {hall  be  excepted  from 
Pardon,  {hall  be  admitted  to  Compofition. 

6.  <  That 

(f)  When  this  Refoluticn  pafled  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  a  Mo- 
tion was  made  that  the  Terms  of  Gompofition  fhould  be  two 
Thirds  which  was  carried  in  the  Negative  by  85  Voices  on}y 
87. 


^ENGLAND.  123 

6.  c  That  all  Papifts  and  Popifli  Recufants,  who  An.  24  Car.  I. 
have  been,    or  now  are,  actually  in  Arms,  or  vo-  t     I  4  ' 
luntarily  affifting,  againft  the  Parliament  of   Eng-     NovembCT. 
land,  except  fuch  as  have  had  any  Hand  in  plotting, 
designing,  or  afiifting  the  Rebellion  of  Ireland^  and 
except  fuch  as  fn?.l!  be  excepted  from  Pardon,  fhall  . 

be  admitted  to  compound  at  a  full  two  Third-parts 
of  their  Eftates. 

7.  l  That  the  Perfons,  named   and   comprized 
•within  the    Proportion    concerning   Delinquents, 
who,  by  the  faid  Proportion,  were  to  compound  at 
two  Thirds  of  their  Eftates,    and  are  not  difchar- 
ged,  (hall  be  admitted  to  compound  at  a  full  third 
Part  of  their  Eftates. 

8.  *  That  thofe  Perfons,  who,  by  the  Propofition 
concerning  Delinquents,  were  to  pay  the  full  Moi- 
ety of  their  Eftates,  (hall  be  admitted  to  compound 
at  a  full  third  Part  of  their  Eftates. 

9.  *  That  the  Houfes  do  infift  upon  that  Part  of 
the   Propofition,  that  appoints   that  all  Lawyers, 
Clergymen,  and  Scholars,  fhall  pay  a  full  third  Part 
of  the  Value  of  their  Eftates. 

jo.  '  That  the  Houfes  do  infift,  that  the  Per- 
fons appointed,  by  the  Propofition  concerning  De- 
linquents, to  pay  a  full  fixth  Part  of  the  Value  of 
their  Eftates,  {hall  fo  continue  to  compound  at  a 
full  fixth  Part. 

11.  '  That  the  Houfes  to  infift  upon  the  reft  of 
the  Propofitions  concerning  Delinquents,  in  all  the 
Parts  wherein  the  Houfes  have  made  no  Alteration  ; 
and  that  the  Commiffioners  be  deftred  to  prefs  the 
King  to  give  his  Confent  thereunto. 

12.  *  That  the  firft  of  February,  1648,  be  now 
the  Day  limited  to  the  Perfons  to  come  in,  that  are 
admitted,    by   the   Propofition  concerning  Delin- 
quents, to  compound. 

Ordered^  by  the  Lords  and  Commons  afiembleil  . 
in  Parliament,   That  thefe   Votes  be   fent    to  the 
Commiflioners  in  the  Ifle  of  Wighty  with  Power  to 
them  to  communicate  them  to  the  King.' 

Nov.  2.  More  Refolutions  concerning  the  Trea- 
ty were  agreed  to  by  both  Houfes. 

I.  'That 


124  *Tke  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.        i.  *  That  the  Treaty  be  continued  for  fourteen 

l6**- f   Days  longer  j  and  that,  in  this  Time,  the  Houfes 

*  Nov  mber  '  w'^  conflder  of  the  Proportions  that  came  from  the 
King,  to  which  there  is  not  yet  an  Anfwer ;  and 
The  Treaty  con-  w'^  coniidcr  of  fuch  other  Propofitions  as  the  Houfes 
tinned  for  four-  {hall  think  neceflary  for  the  fettling  of  a  fafe  and 
teaiDays  longer.  Well-grounded  Peace. 

2.  '  That  the  Commiflioners  of  both  Houfesr 
now  in  the  Ifle  of  f^ight^  be  written   unto,  that 
they  may  make  their  fpeedy   Repair  to  the  Houfes 
refpe&ively,   and  demand  the  King's  final  Anfwer 
according  to  the  laft  Inftru&ions,  and  afterwards  to 
return    back  with  the   Houfes  Refolution   there- 
upom 

3.  '  That  the  Commiflioners   do  communicate 
thefe  Votes  to  the  King,  and  defire  his  Confent 
thereunto  in  point  of  Time. 

Votes  in  confe-    *    4.  «  That  his  Majcfty's  Anfwer,  contained  in 

xTn^Antwer    a  ^^  of  the  "*  of  Offober,   1648,  to  the  Pro- 

AB  to  Ireland',  '  pofition  delivered  in  by  the   Commiflioners,  in  a 

Paper  of  the  9th  of  Ofiober^  1648,  concerning  /r*- 

land)  is  fatisfa<3x>ry. 

The  Payment  of      5,  «  Tha^  the  K,ing's  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition, 
public  Debts,      concerning  the  Payment  of  the  public  Debts,  is  fa- 

tisfaclory  (^), 

Komination  of        5^  c  That 'the  King's  Anfwer  to  th<?  Propofition, 
c   cers>  concerning  the  Nomination  of  Officers,  is  not  fa- 

tisfa£lory. 

And  theCourt  of      7'  *  That  the  Houfe  do  confent  to  the  King's 
Wards.  Anfwer,    as  to  the  taking  away  of  Wards  and  Li- 

veries ;  and,  in  lieu  thereof  do  agree  that  100,000  /. 
per  Annum  be  fettled  on  the  King,  his  Heirs,  and 
Succeflbrs,  according  to  the  Anfwei'  of  the  King  to 
this  Propofition  j  the  fame  to  be  fettled  by  Act  of 
Parliament,  to  be  raifed  in  fuch  Manner  as  fliali 
be  thought  fit  by  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  "j  and 
Provifion  therein  made  that  the  fame,  nor  any' Part 
thereof,  be  alienated  from  the  Crown.' 

t  When  the  Motion  was  made  in  the  Houfe  o£ 

Commons  for  pafling  the  laft  of  thefe  Refolutions, 
Mr.  Blackifton  oppofqd  it ;  alledging,  *  That  the 

Court 
(g)  Upon  thij  Refolution  the  Commons  divided,  Yea?  8i,  Noes  3  y 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  t). 

Court  of  VVards  had  been  an  exceeding  great  Grie- 

vance to  the  Kingdom,  and   one  of  the  greateft  _ 

Tyrannies  over  the  People  ;  that,   at  firft,  it  was     November. 

intended  for  the  Good  of  Orphans,  but  had  proved 

their  Ruin  and  Deftru&ion  ;   that  when  the  Cuf- 

tom  of  Wardfhips  was  firft  fet  on  Foot,  it  was  not 

meant  that  Kings  fhould  make  a  Prey  of  them 

and  a  Benefit  to  themfelves,  but  that  they  fhould 

take  Care  of  the  Eftatcs  and  Education  of  Orphans  ; 

and  therefore  fincfe-what  was  devifed  for  a  Remedy, 

had,  by  long  Experience,  appeared  the  very  Bane 

of  the  Fatherlefs,  it  was  uhreafonable  for  the  King 

to  expect  any  Recompence  for  the  abolishing  that 

Court  ;  which  was  never  intended  to  be,  tho'  thro* 

Corruption  of  Time  it  had  been  made  a  Part  of  his 

Revenues.'  —  However,  the  Resolution  pafled  with- 

out a  Divifion. 

Nov.  3.  The  Speaker  of  the  Koufe  of  Lords  ac- 
quainted them  that  he  had  received  a  Packet  from 
the  Commifliorters  in  the  Ifle  of  Wight  ;  which 
being  opened  was  read. 

Par  the  Right  Honourallc  the  -Eflr/^MANCHESTERi 
Speaker  of  th<  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tempore. 

My  Lord,  Newport,  Nov.  2,  1648. 

*  \Xf  E  have  received  your  Lordfhip's  Difpatch 

by  Sir  Peter  Killigrew^  and  purfued  your 
«  Directions  therein  given  us,  as  your  Lordihip  will 
4  fee  by  the  feveral  Papers  herewith  fent  ;  which  will 

*  give  you  a  particular  Account  of  ourProceedings; 
'«  This  being  all  we  have  to  offer  at  this  Time,  we 
'  remain,  £sV.' 

\Sigrtd  by  all  the  Lords  Commijjiomrs.'] 

Ybi  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER  communicating  to  the 
King  the  Fetes  upsn  hit  Anfwer  to  the  Proportion 
fc>r  the  Church. 


Nsv.     I,    1648.     Papfr.  from  the 

:  t  J  A  V  I  N  G  tranfmitred  to  both  Houfes  of  c"mmifiioncrs. 

!    -         ?arl?%™  y°ur  Majefty'S  final  Anfwer»  ^SS-P*. 
tne  2  -it  of  O3  far  laft,   to  the  Proportions  con  -  Traafacliom  of 


126  *The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I. e  ceriiing  the  Church,  we  are  by  them  commanded 
l648-        <  to  acquaint  your  Majefty  with  their  Votes  and 

^TI    ^T      '  '  Refolutions  concerning  the  fame,  which   are  as 
November.  » 

4  follow  : 

Here  the    Comimffioners    recite  the  Votes  and  In- 
Jlruftions,  paj/ed  on  the  26th  and  2jth  of  Octo- 
ber, which    we   have   already  given,  and  then 
proceed  thns  : 
4  We  therefore  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give 

*  your  full  Confent  to  the  feyeml  Parts  of  the  Pro- 
4  pofition  mentioned  in  thefe  Votes  and  Refolutions 

*  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  according  to  our 
'  former  Defires  contained  in  our  Paper  of  the  2fth 
4  of  September }  concerning  the  Church/ 

*rke  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER,  defiring  the  King 
to  declare  again/I  the  Marquis  of  Ormond's  Pro- 
ceedings. 

Newport y  Nov.  i,  1648. 

*  TP  H  E  Houfes  of  Parliament  having  received 
'     A      a  Difpatch  out  of  Ireland,  importing  the 
4  Lord  Ormond's  Arrival  in  that  Kingdom,   qua- 
'  lified  with  a  Power  to  treat  and  conclude  a  Peace 

*  with  the  Rebels  there,    have  judged  it  contrary  tb 
'  an  Act  of  this   prefent  Parliament,  and  dcftruc- 
'  tive  to  a  fpeedy  Reducement  of  the  Iri/h  :  Andj 

*  according  to  Inftruclions  which  in  that  Behalf  we 
'  have  received,  we  do  humbly  defire  your  Ma- 

*  jefty's  public  Declaration  againft  any  fuch  Power^ 

*  and  againft  the  Proceedings  of  the  (aid  Lord  Or- 

*  mondy  in  Ireland. 

4  And  we  do  herewith  prefent  your  Majefty  with 

*  an  Extract  of  a  Letter  from  Col.  Jones's^  Com- 

*  mander  in  Chief  of  the  Forces  in  Leinjlcr^  di- 

*  reeled  to  the  Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  Commons  j, 
4  and  dated  from  Dublin  the  i8th  of  Oftober  laft ; 

*  and  aifo  with  Tnmfcripts  of  two  Letters  fent  in- 
'  clofed  in  the  faid  Letter  of  Col.  Jones's  ;  the  one 

*  being  of  the  Lord  Ormond's  Letter,  dated  from 
«  Cork  the  4th  of«  OSlober  laft,  and  directed   unto 

*  Sir   Richard  Blake^    Knt,    Chairman  to   the  Af- 

*  feinbly  of  the  Confederate  Roman  Catholicks  now 

4  at 


of   ENGLAND.  127 

«  at  Kilkenny ;  the  other,  of  a  Letter  from  Maynoutb,  Aa'  *4  c?ar- ! 

<  in  Ireland,  dated  the  20th  of  Oftober.  .     '  *  ' 

Thefe  Letters  are  already  given  at  large,  from  the  November. 
Lords  Journals,  at  p.  114:  But  it  is  obfervable 
that  the  CvmjniJJioners  communicated  to  the  King 
only  that  Part  of  the  firft  Paragraph  of  Colo- 
mel  Jones's  Letter  to  the  Speaker,  mark'd  be- 
tween Crotchets,  and  the  whole  of  the  fecond  \ 
all  the  reft  being  concealed  from  his  Majefty  for 
political  Reafons. 

THE  KING'S  Paper  touching  the  Expiration  of 
the  Treaty. 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Nov.  i,  1648. 

TLJ I S  Maje/ly  having  received  your  Paper  of  the 
*•*  firft  of  November,  finds  thereby  that  the  Treaty 
ends  on  Saturday  next :  And  therefore,  conftdering  the 
great  Length  and  Weight  of  your  Papers  now  deli- 
vered, and  for  that  his  Majefty  hath  had  no  Anfwsr 
to  bis  own  Proportions  fent  to  the  two  Houfes,  his 
Majefty  dejlres  to  know  whether  you  have  received 
any  Inftruftlons  concerning  the  fame,  or  for  any  En- 
largement of  the  Time  of  the  Treaty  ;  and  the  rather  y 
becaufe  his  Majefty  is  deftrous,  before  the  giving  any 
further  Anfwer  concerning  the  Buftnefs  of  the  Church, 
fo  far  prejjed  by  his  two  Houfes,  that  the  Primate  of 
Armagh, /&  Bijhop  of  Exeter,  Bijhop  of  Worcefter, 
Bijhop  of  Rochefter,  Dr.  Femes  and  Dr.  Morley, 
may  be  admitted  unto  him  with  all  convenient  Speed ; 
that  fo  his  Majefty  may  receive  all  pojjible  Information 
for  clearing  his  Judgment,  in  a  Matter  fo  nearly  touch* 
ing  him  as  that  of  his  Conference. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  Paper,  preffmg  an  Anfwer  to 
their  Propofttitn  concerning  the  Church  and  the 
Tranfaftiom  In  Ireland. 

Newport,  Nov.    I,   1648. 

'  T  N  Anfwer  to  your  Majefty 's  Paper  given  in 
'  *•  this  Day,  we  humbly  fay,  That  we  have  nut 
*  received  any  Inftrudiions  concerning  your  Propo- 


128  *fbe  Parliamentary  Hi  STORY 

An.  Z4.  Car.  I.  c  pofitions,  nor  for  the  Enlargement  of  the  Time  of 
l6**'-  .  J «  the  Treaty  :  Therefore,  fmce  the  Time  of  the 
'  Treaty  is  fo  near  expiring,  we  again  humbly  defire 
c  your  Majefty's  Anfwer  to  the  Paper,  this  Day  de- 
'  livered,  concerning  the  Church,  and  the  Tranf- 
'  actions  now  on  foot  in  Ireland* 

[Sign'd  by  all  the  Commijfioneri.] 

The  KING'S   ANSWER  to  the  COMMISSIONERS 
DESIRES  concerning  Lord  ORMOND. 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Nov.  i,  1648. 

jrN  Anfwer  to  your  Paper  Delivered  in  this  Day, 
•*  concerning  Ireland,  his  Majefty  faith.  That  it  if 
•well  known  in  what  Place  and  in  what  Condition 
he  h'ath  continued  for  many  Months  before  the  Be- 
ginning of  this  Treaty  ;  and  he  doth  declare ,  that  ftnce 
the  firfl  Votes  pajjed  fcY  the  fame ',  he  hath  not  tranf- 
ailed  any  Affairs  concerning  that  Kingdom,  but  with 
you  the  Commijjioners  in  relation  to  the  Treaty  itfelf. 
dnd  his  Majefy  hath  alrealy  confented,  if  this  Treaty 
receive  a  happy  Conclufion,  that  his  two  Hoiifes  of 
Parliament  Jhall  have  the  fole  ordering  arid  managing 
of  the  Militia  of  Ireland,  and  the  Profccutisn  of 
the  War  there  :  And  what  fo  ever  his  Majefty-  hath 
confented  unto  upon  thefe  Proportions,  he  did  it  clearly, 
and  doth  fully  refolve  to  make  the  fame  good,  if  this 
Treaty  end  in  a  Peace  ;  but,  in  the  mean  Time,  his 
Mayfly  thinks  it  not  reafonable  that  hejhould  be  prefs'd 
to  make  any  fuch  public  Declaration,  as  by  your  Paper 
is  dejired. 

COMMISSIONERS    Paper,    infifting  en    a   more  full 
Anfwer. 

Ne^vport,  Ncv.   i,   1648. 

4  T  T  AVING  thts  Day  acquainted  your  Majefty 
'  1   1  with  the  Refolutions  of  both  the  Houfes  of 

*  Parliament,    upon    Information    received    of  the 
^Lord  of  Ormondes  Arrival   in  Ireland,  and  Pro- 

*  ceedings  there,  with  Power  to  treat  and  conclude 
*. a  Peace  with  the  Rebels,  judged  by  them  to  be 

4  *  ctn- 


of   ENGLAND.  129 

f  contrary  to  an  Act  of  this  prefent  Parliament,  and  An.  24  ?**.  I. 
4  deftru&ive  to  the  fpeedy  reducing  of  that  King-  *6^'  ^ 
4  dom,  and  therefore  defiring  your  Majefty's  pub-  November. 

*  lie  Declaration  againft  any  fuch  his  Power  and 

*  Proceeding  :  To  which  your  Majefty's   Anfwer 
4  doth  give  no  Satisfaction,  faying,  It  is  not  rea- 

*  fonable  you  fhould  be  prefixed  to  it  at  this  Time ; 
4  which  we  having  endeavoured  to  make  otherwife 
4  appear  unto  your  Majefty  in  the  Debate  you  have 
4  been  pleafed  to  have  with  us  upon  that  Subject, 
4  we  do  again  humbly  pray  your  Majefty  to  give 
4  us  your  full  and  fatisfactory  Anfwer  to  it.' 

[Sign  d  by  all  the  Commijjisners.] 

The  KING'S  Final  ANSWER  to  the  COMMISSION- 
ERS PAPER  of  the  firft  of  November,  concern- 
ing Ireland. 

Newport  j  Nov.  I,  1648.. 
CHARLES  R. 

jp*O  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  yru^  as  to  your  Paper  of 
-*•  the  firft  of.  this  Month^  concerning  Ireland,  bis 
Majefty  faith)  "That  his  Majefty  having  heard  nothing 
in  Anjwer  to  his  own  rropofetions,  and  having 
an  fa  er  eel  all  the  Proportions  of  his  two  Houfes^  hath 
very  little  Encouragement  to  treat  upon  a  neiu  Pro- 
pofition,  l)elng  no  Part  of  the  Subjefl  Matter  of  this 
Treaty :  But  having  givsn  you  an  Anfwer  to  we  fcid 
Paper  concerning  Ireland,  and  beard  your  Debate 
thereupon,  he  finds  /?  fit  to  adhere  to  his  former 
Anfwer  :  For  if  .this  "Treaty  /hall  conclude  happily ,  the 
•Defer  es  of  his  two  Houfes  will  be  f  idly  fat'nfied  b)  his  > 
Cwcejftons  already  made  concerning  that  Kingdom. 

Nov.  4.  Some  more  Votes  and  Refolutions,  con- 
cerning the  Treaty  j  were  this  Day  agreed  to  by 
both  Houfes,  viz. 

4   i.  That  the  King's  Anfwer  to  the  Defire   of  Vrt(.s  tj.ew- 
both    floufes,  for  his  declaring   againft   the    Pro-uport. 
ccedings  of  the  Lord  Or'mond  in  Ireland*  is  not  fn- 
tisfadory  ;  and  the  Commiflioners  are  ii  rcby  au- 
thorized and  required  to  acquaint  the  Kir.,1  he,re- 
with,  and  to  prefs  him  to  a  tull  Conlent:  t.       to. 

VOL.  X VIII.  1  2. 'That 


1 36  5T^  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An  'Cf  Os  r. !.       2.  '  That  Dr.  VJJier,  Dr.  Brownrjgg   (i),  Dn 
Pridtaux,  Dr.  Warner,  Dr.  F*rw,  and  Dr.  Afor/^, 
have  the  Leave  of  both  Houfes  to-go  to  the 
King,  and  have  the  Speaker's  PafTes  to  that  Piir- 
pofe. 

3.  f  That  the  Commiflioners  now  in  the  IJle  of 
flight,   have   Power   to  agree   among  themfelves 
which  of   them  fhall   come  away  and  attend   the 
Houfes  ;  leaving  three  there,  whereof  one  Lord  and 
two  Commoners. 

4.  c  That  an  Inftru&ion  be  prepared,  and  fent 
to  the  Commiflioners  in  the  IJle  of  Wight,  to  au- 
thorize them  to  prefent  the  Shorter  Catechifm  to  his 
Majefty  for  his  Approbation. 

Ordered,  <  That  thefe  Votes  be  fent  to  the  Com- 
miflioners, inclofed  in  the  following  Letter  :' 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 
1  \\7  E  are  commanded,  by  the  Lords  and  Com- 

*  W    mons  aflembled  in   Parliament,  to   tranf- 

*  mit  unto  you  thefe  Votes  inclofed  ;  and  it  is  their 

*  Pleafure,  and  you  are  hereby  authorized,  to  ac- 
'  quaint  his  Majefty  with  them,  and  defire  his  Ma- 
'  jefty's  Confent  accordingly.     This  is  all  that  is 
'  at  prefent  we  have  in  Command,  who  fubfcribe 

*  ourselves 

Your  affeRionate  Friends 

And  humble  Servants, 

MANCHESTER, 

Speaker  of  the  Hbufe  of  Peers  pro 
Tempore. 

WILL.  LENTHALL, 

Speaker  of  the  Commons  Houfe 
in  Parliament. 

*  The 

ft)  The  Order  for  allowing  Dr.  Brcnvnrigg,  Bi/hop  of  Exeter,  to 
go  jo  the  King  was  afterwards  revoked,  as  being  a  Perfon  under 
Reflraint.  Dr.  U/her  was  then  Archbifhop  of  Armagh,  Dr.  Pri- 
deaux,  Bifliop  of  Worcefter,  and  Dr.  Warner,  of  Rocbcjler  j  but  the 
Parliarrfent  did  not  allow  thew  to  be  ftyled  to. 


^ 


ENGLAND. 


The  fame  Day  the  following  Letter  from  the  An.  24  Car.  I, 
Lord-Admiral  was  received  and  read.  t    '  ^'    t 

November, 

to  the  COMMITTEE  of  LORDS  and  COMMONS  at 
Derby-houfe. 

Aboard  the  St.  George  at  Helvoetfluys, 
Nov.  ii,  1648. 

My  Lords  and  Gentlemen^ 

T>  Y  my  laft  Letter  of  the  firft  of  November,  Advices  from  the 
JD  fent  by  the  Dutch  Poft,  I  gave  your  Lord-  J"^°cf0^'. 

' 


*  (hips  an  Account  of  Prince  Rupert's  undertaking  ing  the  Fleet, 

*  the  Engagement  of  the  revolted  Fleet.     His  great 
4  Confidence  to  get  out  to  Sea  was  quickly  check'd 
'  by  the  Ships  Want  of  a  full  Complement  of  Men 
'  and  Provifions,  and  by  many  of  the  Mariners  de- 

*  dining  to  go  under  his  Command  ;  which  Ob- 

*  jcrction  was  endeavoured  to  be  falved  by  engaging 

*  the  Duke  of  York  to  undertake  it  ;  but  God  hath 
'  now  broken  their  Confidence,  and  I  think  their 
«  Defign. 

'  On  Sabbath  Day  laft,  about  Eleven  at  Night, 

*  the  Conjlant  Warwick  came   in   and   fubmitted  to 

*  the  Fleet  under  my  Command,  upon  Indemnity 
'  to  them  that  effected  it  :  This  being  looked  upon 

*  as  a  very  great  Preparative  to  the  further  diftrail- 

*  ing  and  difcouraging  of  the  Revolters,  we  did, 
'  on  Monday  laft,  refolve  to  weigh  and  go  up  near 

*  to   HclvoeiJIuys,  which  on  Wednesday  we  put   in 
'  Execution  ;  and  the  fame  Night  I  anchored  by 
'  the  Admiral  of  Holland^  fome  other  of  the  Fleet 

*  thereabouts,  and  fome  took  their  Births   by  the 

*  Revolters.     That  Night  the  Hind  Frigate  came 
'  in  and  fubmitted. 

*  On  Thurfday   we  weighed  again,    and,   about 
'  the  Time   that  I    weighed,    the   Conftant  Rcfor- 

*  mat  ion  was  under  Sail,  having  flipt  her  Cable  for 

*  Hafte.     I  anchored  before  the  Sluice  as  i;  began 

*  to  be  dark,  and  the  reft  of  the  Fleet  birth*  J  them- 
4  felves  as  conveniently   as  they    could.     At    the 

*  Time  of  our  anchoring,  we  found  the  Rforma- 

J  3  *  tion 


1  3  2  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.   <  tlon  haling  into  the  Sluice,  the  Roebuck  being  irt 

t__l6^'  _  ,   e  before.     Next  Morning  we  found  haled  into  the 

November.      '  Sluice  the  Reformation,  Swallow,  Roebuck,  Romney 

«  Frigate,  and  Blackmore  Lady,  and  laft  Night  the 

'  Antelope.  • 

'  Yefterday  we  forced  to  Obedience  the  Love  : 
'  The  fame  Day  I  appointed  feveral  Veffels  to  do 
'  their  bsft  Endeavours  for  reducing  the  Satisfac- 
'  tion  ;  and  laft  Night  the  Commander  offered  to 
'  render  her,  upon  granting  to  fuch  as  fliould  be 

*  willing,  Liberty  to  go  on  Shoar  with  their  Bag 
'  and  Baggage  ;  which  I  gave  Way  to,  and  this 
'  Morning  the  Men  were  carried  on  Shoar  in  Boats 

*  of  the  Fleet,  and  PofTeffion  delivered. 

'  I  fhall  attend  here  a  few  Days  longer  to  pur- 
c  fne  fome  Opportunities  which  I  hope  may  not  be 

*  without  Fruit,  and  then  I  fhall  return  with   the 
'  Fleet,  God  willing,  into  England;  in  the  mean 
4  Time  I  have  reprefented  our  Condition  to  the 
'  Parliament's  Agents  at  the  Hague,  and   leave  it 
'  to  your  Lordftiips  Wifdoms  to  confider  what  Ad- 

*  drefles  will  be  necefiary  to  my  Lords  the  States, 

*  I  fearing  the  great  Ships  will  receive  no  fin  all 
'  Damage  if  they  He,  long  aground  j  and  fo  I  take 

*  Leave,  refting 

Your  Lordjhips 

Affectionate  and  humble  Servant, 

WARWICK. 


Debate  in  the         Nov.  4.  Great  Part  of  this  Day  was  fpent,  by 

Houfe  of  Com-  the  Commons,  in  a  Debate  concerning  the  State 

Sg^VoT""1'  and  C°ricimon  of  the  Guards  then  attending  upon 

Guard  for  the     the  Parliament.      Notice  being   taken    that  they 

Parliament  j       were  moftly  hired   Men,  and  not   Citizens,    and 

that  the  Houfes  could  not  repofe  their   Security  in 

fuch  a  Kind  of  Defence,  fome  propofed  that  every 

Member  fhould   go  arm'd  ;   others  moved  that  a 

Regiment  of  Horfe  and  another  of  Foot  might  be 

fent  for  to  attend  them.     Againft  this  it  was   ar- 

gued, 


^ENGLAND.  133 

gued,  «  That  bringing  Part  of  the  Army  thither  An.  24-  Car.  I. 
would  give  Occafion  of  Diftafte  and  Jealoufy  to  .  l6*8'  , 
the  City,  .who  had  fupplied  them  with  Guards  November. 
out  of  the  Train'd  Bands  already  ;  and  that  if 
the  ufual  Number  was  not  thought  fufllcient,  more 
might  be  added.'  Upon  this,  Mr.  Edward  djhe 
flood  up  and  faid,  '  Mr.  Speaker,  There  is  little 
Confidence  to  be  had  in  thefe  City  Guards  :  They 
are  fine  Fellows  to  truft  to  in  fuch  a  Time  as  this ; 
for  I'll  undertake  twenty  refolute  Men,  well  arm'd, 
fhall  make  them  all  fly  like  a  Flock  of  Sheep  be- 
fore a  MaflifF;  befides,  to  my  Knowledge,  moft 
of  them  are  hireling,  idle  People,  and  many  of 
them  are  afraid  even  to  {hoot  off"  a  Gun  ;  and 
therefore  I  conceive  we  fhall  have  little  Safety  till 
we  difmifs  them,  and  have  Guards  from  the  Ar- 
my, which  may  be  conveniently  quartered  again 
at  Wkiteha<l and  the  Mews'  To  this  it  was  re- 
plied, '  That  now  to  quarter  Part  of  the  Army  in 
the  King's  Houfe  and  his  Stables,  would  be  inter- 
preted an  Affront  to  the  Treaty,  and  argue  that  no 
Peace  was  intended,  or  that  the  King  fhouid  ever 
be  allowed  to  return  to  W^ejlminjltr,''  Another 
Member  urged,  '  That  it  would  be  interpreted 
likewife  as  a  Defign,  either  to  fright  away  the  more 
moderate  Members  of  the  Houfe,  and  thofe  that 
are  Well-wimers  to  Peace  -3  or  elfe  to  over-awe 
them  from  voting  according  to  their  Confcicnces, 
now  the  Treaty  was  drawing  to  an  End.'  Here- 
upon it  was  moved,  as  a  better  Way,  That  a  Com- 
mittee might  be  appointed  to  go  and  confer  with 
the  Common-Council  of  London  and  Committee 
of  the  Militia,  how  the  Parliament  may  be  better 
fecured,  their  Commands  and  Orders  put  in 
better  Execution,  aud  their  Authority  better  fup- 
ported.  And  the  Queftion  being  put  thereupon, 
it  was  agreed  to,  and  a  Committee  accordingly 
appointed  to  go  to  the  Common-Council  that 
Afternoon. 

Nov.  6.  The  Commons  proceeded  to  name  feven 

Delinquents  to  be  exccpted  from  Pardons  when 

I  3  Mr, 


1 34  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  M r>  Elackijlon  propofed  the  Marquis  of  Newcajlle 
*6    '         as  the  firft  Perfon  ;  and  in  Support  of  this  Nomi- 
nation  ajledg'-d,  *  That  his  Lordfhip  was  the  firft 
Fire-brand  in  the  North,  and  had  done  the  Parlia- 
ment more  Mifchief  there,  than  all  the' Northern 
^^q^^^b^^Si  and  that  feeing  bis  Lordmip 
nts  to  be  e*.  had  a  good  Eftate,  it  would  be  beft  to  except  fuch 
ecUrom        Delinquents  as  he  was,  that  the  Public  might  have 
°n>  the  better  Bargain   by  it.'     And   accordingly  the 

Houfe  refolved  that  the  Marquis  fhould  be  one. 

The  next  Perfon   propofed   was   "James  Earl  of 
Derby.     Upon  the  Nomination  of  this  Nobleman, 
fome  Members  faying,  *  It  would  be  unreafonable 
to  prefs  the  King  to  except  him,  and  that  his  Ma- 
jefty  would  never  confent  to  it,'.  Mr.  Thomas  Scot 
faid,  *  Mr.  Speaker,  my  Lord  of  Derby ,  'tis  con- 
.    '     ceiv'd  by  divers  Gentlemen  here,  will  not  be  yield- 
ed to  by  the  King.     And  what  fhould  the  Reafori 
be  why  the  King  will  not  yield'  to  except  him  ? 
Truly,   Mr.  Speaker,  I  cannot  conceive  *any,  un- 
lefs  it  be  becaufe  my  Lord  of  Derby  is  his  Brother-r 
King,  being  intituled  King  of  the  Ijle  of  Man  ;  but 
he  wears  a  Leaden  Crown  :  And  therefore  fmce  we 
cannot  do  Juftice  upon  the  Golden  Crown,  truly,  I 
conceive,  Mr.  Speaker,  we  ought  to  do  Juftice,  at 
leaft,  upon  the  Leaden  one  ;  and  fmce  we  can- 
not do  Juftice  upon   the  King,  I  pray  you  let  us 
do  Juftice  upon  a  Kingling.'     But  the  other  Party 
would   by  no  'means   yield,    alledging,  That  the 
Earl  of  Derby  had  no  Hand  in  promoting  the  Be^ 
ginning  of  the  War,  but  was  a&ed  by  other  Men  ; 
that  he  feemcd  not  much  difaffecled   to  the  Par- 
liament till  they  had  difcountenanced  him,  by  put- 
ting Lord  Wharton  into  the  Lieutenancy  of  Lanca- 
Jhlre^   and  Lord  Stamford  into  that  of  Leicejlerjhire 
.(rt),  which  were  both  Honours  belonging  to   his 
Lordfhip:  That  he  had  a<5led  little  himfelf,  but  left 
his  Lady  in  his  Houfe  at  Latham^  in  Lancajhire  ; 
and  retired  into  the  JJle  of   Man,  where   he  had 

not 

(a)  See  the  Lift  of  the  Lord  Lieutenants  of  the  feveral  Counties, 
appointed  by  the    Parliament  in     1641,    in  our    Tenth 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  r35 

not  offended  at  all,  but  flood   only  upon  the  De-  An-  *g  Car- 

fenfive  :  And  therefore  it  would  be  Injuftice  to  ex-  , 1  *8' 

cept  him,  unlefs  it  was  admitted  to  be  juft  to  hang    November. 
Men  merely  for  their  Eftates,'    Then  the  Queftion 
being  put,  That  the  Earl  of  Derby  be  one  of  the 
Seven  to  be  excepted  from  Pardon,  it  pafied  in  the 
Negative,  by  77  againft  53. 

Sir  Marmaduke  Langdale  and  Lord  Digby  were 
named  next.  Againft  his  Lordfliip  it  was  obje&r 
ed,  '  That  he  had  been  a  great  Promoter  of  the 
firft  War,  being  the  Man  that.advifed  the  King 
to  defert  the  Parliament,  and  retire  into  the  North, 
where  he  fet  up  his  Standard  ;  and  therefore  ought, 
above  all  others,  to  be  excepted  :'  And  accordingly 
he.  was  refolved  to  be  the  fecond.  Againft  Sir  Mar- 
maduke.  Langdale  it  was  alledg'd,  c  That,  next  to 
the  Marquis  of  Newcastle,  he  had  done  moft  Mif- 
chief  in  the  Northern  Parts  :  '  But  Alderman  Hoyle 
of  York  faid,  <  That  he  had  done  far  more  Mif- 
chief  than  the  Marquis  ot  NewcaJHe,  who  had  a 
Hand  only  in  the  firft  War  ;  whereas  Sir  Marma- 
duke was  not  only  active  in  the  firft,  but  the  Ring- 
leader of  all  the  Englifh  in  the  laft  War  :  Befides, 
the  Marquis  of  Neiycajile  and  the  Lord  Digby  were 
both  out  of  the  Kingdom,  but  Sir  Marmaduke  was 
in  their  Power ;  and  therefore  it  was  very  necef- 
fary  he  mould  become  the  Subject  of  Jufticc,  fee- 
ing the  others  could  nqt  be  made  Examples.'  Upon 
this  a  Member  informed  the.  Houfe,  That  it  was 
confidently  reported  that  Sir  Marmaduke  Langdale 
had  made  his  Efcape  out  of  Nottingham  Ca/lle. 
Notwithftanciin.g  which,  it  was  refolved  that  he 
fhould  be  the  third  excepted  Perfon  ;  the  Inde- 
pendents giving  their  Concurrence,  hoping  this 
Intelligence  might  be  falfc,  and  the  King's  Party, 
as  wiftiing  it  to  be  true. 

Nov.  7.  Sir  Richard  Greenville  was  propofed  to 
be  the  fourth  Perfon  excepted  from  Pardon  :  A- 
gainft  him  it  was  urged,  That  he  had  apoftatized 
from  the  Parliament,  carried  away  their  Money,  ' 
and  put  60  Men  to  the  Sword,  in  cold  Blood,  in 
I  4  the 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

the  Weft  of  England  (h).  The  Prefbyterian  Party 
appeared  very,  warmly  againft  Sir  Richard;  but  the 
Independents,  v\ell  knowing  there  were  greater 
Stumbling-Blccks  than  him  to  lay  in  his  Majefty's 
Way  to  an  Agreement,  faid,  Though  Sir  Richard 
Greenville  had  defcrved  an  Exception  as  well  as 
any,  yet  having  confined  themfelves  to  fo  narrow 
a  Number  as  feven,  it  fliould  be  their  Care  to  ex- 
cept only  the  greateft  and  moil  confiderable  Delin- 
quents :  That  Sir  Richard  was  a  Alan  of  imall 
Eftate,  and  fo  the  pitching  upon  him  would  prove 
but  an  ill  Bargain  to  the  Public,  when  more  confi- 
derable Perlbns  fhould  efcape  fcot-free  :  However, 
it  was  at  laft  refolved  that  Sir  Richard  Greenville 
fliould  be  one  of  the  Perfons  to  be  excepted  from 
Pardon. 

Next  the  Houfe  refolved  to  add  the  following 
Provifo  to  their  Vote,  of  the  20th  of  October  laft, 
touching  Delinquents,  viz.  '  That  the  Declaration 
for  proceeding,  as  to  the  taking  away  cf  Life  only 
of  feven  of  them,  fhould  not  extend  to  pardon  any 
Perfons  for  Life  or  Eftate,  who  have  had  any  Hand 
in  the  plotting,  defigning,  or  aflifting  the  Rebellion 
in  Ireland.'  To  this  Vote,  thus  altered,  the  Lords 
gave  their  Concurrence. 

Then  the  Commons  proceeded  to  name  a  fifth 
Perfon  to  be  excepted  from  Pardon  ;  when  David 
Jenki:s>  Efq;  one  of  the  Judges  of  Wales,  was 
propofed.  He  was  charged  with  having  condemn- 
ed divers  Perfons  merely  for  their  Affection  and 
Service  to  the  Parliament,  and  had  been  a  bitter 
Inveigher  againft,  the  Proceedings  of  both  Houfes. 
Only  one  Member  fpoke  in  this  Gentleman's 
Behalf,  who  faid,  '  He  thought  Mr.  "Jenkins  was 
able  to  juftify  what  he  had  done,  by  Law,  and  for 
his  own  Part  he  would  never  confent  to  condemn 
any  Man  for  defending  the  Law  of  the  Land.' — 
But  the  Houfe  refolved  that  Judge  Jenkins  fhqulcl 
be  excepted. 

The 

fb]  Lord  Clarendon  gives  a  very  particular  Account  of  this  Gentle- 
man's Character  and  Conduct.  Hifrory,  Vol.  IV.  p.  537. 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  137 

The  Earl   of  Glamorgan  was  propofed   next,  as  An-  *4  Car. 
having  not  only  done  much  Mifchief  in  England^  t      *_*  '    _ 
but  confederated  with  the  Ir'ijb  Rebels  ;  yet  he  was     November. 
laid   afide,  as  being  comprized  in  that  Proportion 
which  excepts  from  Mercy  all  fuch  as  had  a  Hand 
in   the  Irijh   Rebellion.      Then    the   Independent 
Party  named  Bifhop  Wren^  and  the  other  Mr.  John 
AJhburnham,  but  at  laft  it  was  voted,  by  a  Majority 
of  83  againft  62,  that  Sir  Francis  Doddington  fhould 
be  the  fixth  Perfon  excepted, 

Then  the  Marquis  of  Wincbefter  was  named, 
but  this  Motion  patted  in  the  Negative,  without  a 
Divifion. 

Next  Mr.  Henry  Jcrmyn  was  propofed  to  be  ex- 
cepted, as  having  been  amoft  intimate  Confident  of 
the  Queen  in  all  her  Projects,  and  a  great  Enemy  to 
the  Parliament :  But  the  other  Party  replied,  That 
thofe  already  named  were  all  Proteftants,  and  the 
Houfe  might  do  well  to  add  fome  Papifts  in  Arms, 
therefore  they  prcpofed  Sir  John  Wintour  ;  and  the 
Queftion  being  put  thereupon,  it  was  refolved  by  a 
Majority  of  68  againft  48,  That  Mr.  'Jermyn 
fhould  not  be  one  of  the  Perfons  excepted  from 
Pardon;  and  then  it  was  carried,  without  a  Divi- 
fion, that  Sir  y<jbn  Wintour  be  the  feventh. 

In  the  Courfe  of  this  Debate  fome  Members, 
put  of  Companion  to  thefe  Delinquents,  thus 
doom'd  to  the  Lofs  of  both  Lives  and  Eftates,  ha- 
ving exprefied  a  Concern,  That  thereby  their  Chil- 
dren were  undone  as  well  as  themfelves  ;  and  it 
was  very  hard  the  Children  fhould  fufter  for  the 
father's  Fault.  Mr.  Cornelius  Holland  anfwered, 
*  That  if  the  Scriptures  were  to  be  the  Rule  of 
their  Actions,  they  muft  do  Juftice  upon  whole 
Families  ;  and  for  this  Purpofe  he  inftanced  the 
Cafe  between  Saul  and  the  Giboniies,  how  that 
feven  of  his  Sons,  though  a  King,  were  hang'd 
up  to  fatisfy  Juftice  for  the  Sins  of  their  Father.' 
And  Sir  James  Harrington  moved,  That  additional 
Proportions  might  be  drawn  up  to  except  a  cer- 
tain Number  of  the  new  Delinquents  alfo  from 
Mercy,  and  their  Names  to  be  fcut  to  the  King.' 

*    But 


1 2  8  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  But  this  Bufinefs  was  put  off  till  the  ni'xt  Day. 
l64*-        And  accprdingly, 

November.  ^^  g^  g.f  yamgs  fjarrington  renewed  his  Mo-, 
tion,  for  making  additional  Proportions,  for  ex- 
cepting a  Number  of  the  new  Delinquents  out  of 
Mercy.  To  which  it  was  anfwered,  '  That  the 
Houfe  might  fend  additional  Propofitions,  fo  as 
they  were  not  contrary  to  thofe  already  fent;  but  to 
make  new  Exceptions  for  Life  would  contradict 
their  former  Refolutions,  whereby  the  Houfe  had 
confined  themfelves  to  feven  Perfons  only.'  To 
which  it  was  replied,  *  Though  they  had  voted 
feven  only  heretofore,  yet  being  Mafters  of  their 
own  Votes,  they  might  recall  or  alter  them  at 
Pleafure,  upon  Occafion.'  This  the  other  Party 
denied,  as  being  contrary  to  the  Honour  and  Cuf- 
tom  of  Parliament,  to  vote  and  unvote  with  every 
Wind.'  After  a  long  Debate,  it  was  refolved,  by 
a  Majority  of  100  Voices  againft  67,  That  no  more 
Perfons  Names  fhall  be  presented  to  the  King  to  be 

excepted   from  Pardon. It  is  remarkable  that 

this  is  the  third  Inftance  of  a  Motion  for  an  ad- 
ditional Number  of  Delinquents  to  be  excepted 
from  Pardon,  being  over-ruled, 

An<!  on  a  Motion  Nov.  Q.  Mr.  Holland  moved,  That  fuch  Per- 
for  bamfcing  the  fonSj  named  in  the  firft  Branch  of  the  Propofition 
concerning  Delinquents,  except  the  feven  that  are 
excepted  from  Pardon,  as  are  now  beyond  Seas, 
fhould  not  return,  but  ftand  banifhed  the  King- 
doms of  England  and  Ireland^  the  Ifles  of  Guernfey 
and  Jerfey^  and  the  Town  of  Berwick  ;  unlefs  it 
be  otherwife  ordered  by  both  Houfes  of  Parliament : 
But  this  Motion  was  carried  in  the  Negative,  by 
52  Voices  againft  49.  And  then  it  was  refolved, 
without  a  Divifion,  *  That  all  Perfons,  named 
and  comprized  in  the  firft  Branch  of  the  Propofi- 
tion concerning  Delinquents,  be  removed  from 
his  Majefty's  Councils,  and  reftrained  from  com- 
ing within  the  Verge  of  the  King's,"  Queen's,  or 
Prince's  Courts  j  and  that  they  ma^  not,  with- 
4  out 


^/ENGLAND.  139 

out  the  Advice  and  Confent  of  both  Houfes  of  the  An.  24  .Car.  I. 

Parliament  of  England,  bear   any  Office,  or  have     t    *  48> t 

any  Employment,  concerning  the  State  or  Com-  November, 
raon wealth  :  And  in  cafe  any  of  them  (hall  offend 
therein,  to  be  guiky  of  High  Treafon,  and  inca- 
pable of  any  Pardon  from  his  Majefty,  and  their 
Eftates  to  be  difpofed  of  as  both  Houfes  of  the 
Parliament  of  England  fhall  think  fit.'  This  Re- 
folution  was  fent  up  to  the  Lords,  who  gave  their 
Concurrence. 

The  fame  Day,  Nov.  9,  a  Letter  from  the  Com- 
miffioners  in  the  IJle  of  IVight,  with  the  following 
Papers  inclofed,  were  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Lords  : 

For  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  MANCHESTER, 
Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tempore. 

My  Lord,  Newport,  Nov.  6,  1648. 

'  T  PON  Receipt  of  yours  of  the  4th  Inftant,  More  Paper* 
'-    V/     we  have,  according  to  your  Directions,  ac-  from  the  Com- 

*  quaintcd  his  Majefty  with  the  Votes  and  Refolu-  Jriflione''s,  COI>- 

*  tions  then  fent  to  us,  and  have  agreed  amongft  EJX??^ 
4  ourfelves  concerning  fuch   of  our  Number  that  pofition  for  the 

'  are  to  attend  the  Houfes ;  and,  by  them,  we  fend  church  5 

f  your  Lordfliips  our  Proceedings  upon  the  Propo- 

'  fition  concerning  the  Church,  and  other  Papers, 

'  and  fliall  purfue   the  Inftruftions  we  have  lately 

'  received,  and  give  you  an  Account  therof,  from 

6  Time  to  Time,  as  there  (hall  be  Occafion  ;  anJ 

\  fo  we  reft,  &c. 

[Sigftd  by  all  the  CommiJ/ioners.] 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER,  defiring  to  know  the 
King's  particular  Exceptions  as  to  the  Church. 

Newport,  Nov.  3,  1648. 
are  commanded,  by  the  Houfes  of  Par- 
liament,  to  defire  your  Majefty  to  exprcfs 
'  your    particular   Exceptions    to    the    Ordinances 
«  mentioned   and  contained  in  the  Proportion  con- 

*  cerning  the  Church,  that  being  reduced  to  Cer- 


The  Parliamentary  Hi  s  T  o  R  v 

tainty,  and  ftated,  they  may  be  returned  to  the 
Houfes,'          r  Signal  by  all  the  Commifjionen .] 

November; 

His  MAJESTY'S  ANTSWER. 
CHARLES  R.  NcwPort»  Nov-  4,  1648. 
7"AT  Anfwer  to  your  Paper  of  the  third  of  No- 
"*•  vember,  delivered  in  late  Icift  Nighty  wherein 
you  defire  his  Majejiy  to  express  his  Exceptions  to 
feveral  Ordinances  mentioned  in  your  Proportion 
concerning  the  Church  ;  his  Majejly  faith-)  That 
thoje  Ordinances  being  many  and  large ,  and  finding 
that  after  this  Day  you  can  receive  no  more  Papers 
without  farther  InJlruFtions,  his  Majejly  conceives 
Inmfelf  fo  limited  in  Time,  that  he  cannot  fo  fuel-? 
denly  give  you  his  particular  Exceptions  to  the  faid 
Ordinances. 

The  COMMISSIONERS    REPLY. 

Newport ,  Nov.  4,  1648. 
«  XTTfHereas  we,  by  our  Paper  of  the  third  Inft. 

*  defired  your  Majefty  to  exprefs  your  par- 
'  ticular  Exceptions  to  the  Ordinances  mentioned 

*  and  contained  in  the  Proportion  concerning  the 

*  Church,    unto   which   your    Majefty,    by    your 

*  Anfwer  thereunto  this  4th  Inftant,  is  pleafed  to 
'  fay,  That  thofe  Ordinances  being  many  and  large,  and 

*  that  after  this  Day  we  can  receive  no  more  Papers 
'  without  further  Inftruftions  ;  and  therefore  conceive 
'  y our f elf  fo  limited  in  Time,  that  your  Majefty  can- 
'  not  fo  fuddenly  give  your  particular  Exceptions  to  the 
'  faid  Ordinances ;  we  humbly   conceive  thofe  Or- 
'  dinances,  having  been  many  Days  fince  the  Be-*- 

*  ginning  of  the  Treaty  in  your  Majefty's  Hands, 

*  and  under  your  Majefty's  Consideration,  the  fame 
'  cannot  be  new  unto  your  Majcfty ;  and  therefore 

*  we  again  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  exprefs 

*  your  particular  Exceptions  to  the  faid  Ordinan- 
'  ces,  as  by  our  faid  Paper  of  the  third  Inftant  we 

*  have  formerly  defired.' 

[Signed  by  all  the  Commiffionen.] 


of   ENGLAND.  141 

The  KIN  G'S  ANSWER  to  the  foregoing.         An-  24  Car.  f. 

1049. 

CHARLES*.        Newport,  Nov.  4,  1648.     ^^ 

I^  0  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  your  Paper 
•*  of  this  $th  Injlant,  whereby  you  do  again  defire 
his  Majefty  to  exprefs  bis  particular  Exceptions  to 
the  Ordinances  mentioned  in  the  Propofition  concern- 
ing the  Church^  his  Majejly  faith.  That,  by  his  An- 
wer  of  the  qth  of  October,  he  did  exprefs  the  ge- 
neral Reafons  why  he  could  not  confent  to  the  faid 
fever al  Ordinances  in  the  Form  they  are  now  penned^ 
and  that  he  heard  no  more  thereof  \  until  he  received 
your  Paper  late  in  the  Evening  lajl  Night ;  fo  that 
though  thofe  Ordinances  have  been  many  Days  in  his 
Majejlfs  Hands,  and  are  not  new  to  him,  yet  this  be- 
ing the  lajl  Day  wherein  you,  by  your  InflruSiions, 
can  receive  any  Papers  from  him,  his  Majejly  can- 
not, in  fo  Jhort  a  Time,  review  the  feveral  Ordi^ 
nances,  andjlate  the  particular  Exceptions  thereunto  ; 
and  therefore  he  adheres  to  his  former  Anfwer 
therein. 

The  KING'S  PAPER,  to  know  if  the  COMMIS- 
SIONERS had  received  any  Inductions  concern- 
his  PROPOSITIONS. 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Nov.  4,  1648. 

T7/5  Majr/Iy's  Proportions  delivered  unto  you  the'  And  the  King'* 
•*  -*    ijth   of   O&ober,   1648,  having  been  tranf-  °.un  P 
mitted  by  you  to   his   two   Houfes  ;  and  his   Majcjiy  tlons' 
having  received  no   Anfwer  thereunto,    he  defircs   to 
know  whether  you  have  yet  received  any  InJIrucJions 
concerning  the  fame. 

77)e  COMMISSIONERS  ANSWER. 

Newport,  Nov.  4,   1648. 

c  TN  Anfwer  to  your  Majcfty's  Paper  delivered  in 
'  A  to  us  this  4th  of  November  Inftant,  whereby 
'  your  Majefty  defires  to  know  whether  we  have 
*  received  an/  Inftructions  concerning  your  Ma- 


1  42  ¥he  Parliamentary  H  r  s  T  6  R  V 

An.  z4  Car.  I.  <  jefty'sPropofitions  tranfmitted  by  us  to  both  Houfes 
*648'        <  of  Parliament,  we  humbly  fay,  That  we  have  not 
November.     '  7et  ^ceive<^  any  Inftru&ions  concerning  the  fame." 
[Sirtfdby  all  the  Commijffioners.] 

The  KING'S  laft  PAPER,  in  Anfwer  to  the  Bufi- 
nefs  of  the  Church. 

CHARLES  R.        NewPort;  Nov'  *»  l648° 

77  0  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  your  Paper  of 
•*  the  firjl  of  this  In/tant,  and  the  Votes  therein 
mentioned  concerning  the  Church,  his  Majejly  faith, 
That  his  Concefftons,  intended  by  his  former  Anfwery 
were  larger  than  are  exprejjed  in  that  Paper  ,  and 
tnif  apprehended  in  thefe  Particulars  following,  viz. 
He  neither  did  nor  doth  intend  to  make  any  new 
Bijhops  during  the  Term  of  three  Tears,  nsr,  at  thf 
End  of  three  Years;  that  the  Power  of  Ordination 
Ikould  be  prattifed  in  the  old  Manner  as  formerly  ;  for 
that  heretofore  the  Bijbops  were  at  Liberty  to  call 
zvhat  Prejbyters  they  would  to  affift  in  Ordinations, 
but  were  not  bound  to  their  Council  or  Confent.  But 
his  Majejly  doth  now  intend,  and  will  c&nfent,  that 
Bijhops  Jhall  not  receive  any  into  Holy  Orders  with- 
out the  Confent  of  a  limited  Number  of  Prejbyters, 
to  be  chofen  in  fuch  Manner  as  Jhall  be  agreed  on  by 
his  Majefty  and  his  two  Houfes  for  that  Purpofe. 

Neither  did  his  Majejly  intend  that,  after  the 
End  of  three  Years,  no  certain  Way  JJwdd  be  fettled 
concerning  Ecdefiajlical  Discipline  and  Government  ; 
far  that  his  Majejly  did  propofe,  during  the  three 
Tears,  to  have  a  Confutation  with  the  AJJembly  of 
Divines,  twenty  being  added  of  his  own  Nomination  ; 
which  if  his  two  Houfes  Jhall  refolve  to  entertain, 
It  cannot  well  be  doubted  but,  upon  their  Debate, 
fuch  a  Government  will  be  agreed  upon  by  his  Ma* 
jefty  and  his  two  Houfes,  as  Jhall  be  bejl  for  the 
Peace  of  the  Church,  and  mojl  proper  to  prevent  thofe 
Di/lraftions  which  his  two  Houfes  apprehend  may 
tnfuf. 


of    ENGLAND.  143 

As  to  that  Part  of  the  Ptopcfition  concerning  the  An-  24  Car- r- 
Book  of  Common  Prayer ;  for   the  Satisfaction   of  his  ^__  **68'     , 
two  Ho 'tiff s,  his  Majejly  will  not  infi/l  upon  any  Pro-     November. 
vifion  for  the  Continuance  of  the  fame  in  his  Majejly's 
Chapel  for  himfelf  and  his  Hou/hold  ;  neverthelefs  his 
Majefty  declares  that  he  intends  to  ufe  fame  other  fet 
Form  of  Divine  Service. 

And  as  to  that  Part  of  the  Proportion,  That  an 
Aft  or  AtJs  be  paj/ed  for  ajlrifler  Courfe  to  prevent 
the  faying  or  hearing  of  Mafs  in  the  Court  or  any 
other  Part  of  this  Kingdom,  or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland  j 
his  MajeRy  will  confent  thereunto.  As  to  all  other 
Particulars  in  your  Paper  mentioned,  his  Majefty 
hairing,  in  his  former  Anfwers,  confented  fo  far  as 
pojjibly  he  can,  as  he  Jlands  at  prefent  perjuaded  in 
his  judgment,  doth  refer  himfelf  thereunto.  And 
Jince  his  Majejly,  by  his  ConceJJions,  hath  brought  all 
Differences  concerning  the  Church  into  fo  narrow  a 
Compafs,  that  the  chief  vifible  Olfruilion  is  that 
•wherein  really  in  Confcience  he  is  not  fatisfied,  he  hopes 
his  two  Honfes  will  not  put  farther  PreJJures  of  fo 
.tender  a  Nature  upon  him,  when  it  is  moft  likely  that 
Time  and  Debate  will  happily  reconcile  all  thofe  Dif- 
ferences. 

Newport,  Nov.  4,   1648. 

*  T  TfAving  received  your  Majefty's  final  Anfvvpr 

*  1  1  to  our  Paper  of  the    firft    of  this  Inftant, 
'  concerning  the  Church,  and  likewife  to  our  Pa- 

*  pers  of  the  fourth  of  this  Inftant,  touching  your 

*  Majefty's  particular  Exceptions  to  the  Ordinances 
'  concerning  the  Church,  we   (hall    communicate 

*  them  to  both  Houfes  of  Parliament.' 

[Stgn'dty  all  the  Commijfioners.] 

All  the  Parliament's    Commiffioners  were  now  Moft  of  the  P»r- 
to  London,  except  the  Earls  of  N'orthur?il>er-lnmenCs^m- 

Middkfcx,  the  Lord  Wenman,  Mr.   /M 
Mr.    Pierpoint,  and   Mr.    Crew,  who  ftaid  in   the' 
//If  of  J fright,   in  confequence  of  the  Refolution  of 
both  Houfes  of  the  4111  of  this  Month. 

When 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

I.      When  thefe  Lords  and  Gentlemen  took,  their 
Seats,    the    Speakers    of  both   Houfes   repetitively 
November.     were  ordered  to  give  them  Thanks  for  their  great 
Pains  and  Induftry,  and  faithful  Difcharge  of  the 
Truft  committed  to  them.     Upon  this  Occafion 
Their  Report  of  they  reported,  That  when  they  took  their  Leave 
whatpaffedat     o'f  the  Kins;,  on  the  4th  of  this  Month,  his  Ma- 

Jefty  faid»  ^That  he  ^°Ped  they were  now  fenfible' 

that  none  was  more  defirous  of  a  good  and  lafting 
Peace  than  himfelf  j  that  he  had  gone  very  far  to 
give  his  two  Houfes  Satisfaction  ;  that  he  thought, 
though  the  Time  for  the  Treaty  was  ended,  yet 
the  Treaty  itfelf  was  not,  for.  that  he  expected 
to  hear  from  his  two  Houfes  about  his  own  Pro- 
pofitions  ;  and  would  be  ready  to  make  his  Con- 
cefllons  binding,  by  giving  them  the  Force  of 
Laws.' 

'  That  his  Majefty  defired,  they  would  put  a 
good  Interpretation  upon  his  vehement  Expreflions 
in  fome  of  his  Debates,  there  being  nothing  in  his 
Intentions  but  Kindnefs  j  and  that  as  they  had 
taken  Abundance  of  Freedom,  and  fhewed  great 
Abilities  in  their  Debates,  which  had  taken  his 
Majefty  oft  from  fome  of  his  own  Opinions  ;  fo 
he  doubted  not,  had  they  had  Power  to  recede, 
forne  of  his  Reafons  would  have  prevailed  with 
them,  as  he  is  confident,  had  it  been  with  his  two 
Houfes,  it  would  have  done  with  them  :  And  there- 
fore befought  them  to  take  the  fame  Freedom  with 
his  two  Heufes,  to  prefs  them  with  a  Compliance 
with  him  in  thofe  Things  his  Confcience  was  not 
yet  fatisfied  in,  which  more  Time  might  do,  his 
Opinion  not  being  like  the  Laws  of  the  Medes  and 
Perfians^  unalterable  or  infallible.' 

*  That  his  Majefty  added  his  very  hearty 
Thanks  for  the  Pains  they  had  taken  to  fatisfy 
him,  profeffing  that  he  wanted  Eloquence  to  com- 
mend their  Abilities.  He  defired  them  candidly 
to  reprefent  all  the  Tranfaclions  of  this  Treaty  to 
his  two  Houfes,  that  they  might  fee  nothing  of 
his  own  Intereft,  how  near  or  dear  foever,  but 

that 


cf   ENGLAND.  145 

that  wherein  his  Confcience  was  unfatished,  could  An.  24  Car.  r. 

hinder,  on  his  Part,  a  happy  Conclufion  of  this 

Treaty.'  November. 

Nov.  10.  The  Commons  refumed  the  Debate 
touching  the  Banimment  of  fuch  Perfons,  who  had 
been  in  Arms  againft  the  Parliament  fmce  the  firft 
of  January ,  1647.  Some  Members  propofed  that 
the  Number  of  them  ftiould  be  100;  Come  60 ; 
others  40  ;  fome  30  j  others  20  ;  but  at  laft  it  was 
agreed  to  banifh  only  feven.  Then  the  Houfe  pro- 
ceeded to  name  the  Perfons,  and  agreed  upon  the 
Earl  of  Holland,  Lord  Goring  (a],  Lord  Capel, 
Henry  Ha/lings,  Efq;  (I)  and  Sir  Henry  Lingen, 
without  a  Divifion.  Sir  John  Beys  was  named,  but 
not  agreed  to  ;  next  Lord  Wlllougbby  of  Parkam 
was  propofed,  but  it  parted  in  the  Negative  by  49 
Voices  againft  33.  Then  Major- General  Laugh- 
arne  was  agreed  to  be  the  Sixth,  by  a  Majority  of 
45  againft  35  ;  and  Sir  John  Owen  was  voted  to  be 
the  Seventh,  without  any  Divifion  of  the  Houfe. 

Next  it  was  refolved,  that  no  Perfons  who  have 
been  engaged  in,  or  aiding  or  affifting  to,  the  late 
War  againft  the  Parliament,  either  by  Sea  or 
Land,  fince  the  firft  of  January  laft,  (hall  be  ad- 
mitted to  a  Competition  for  Delinquency,  but  at 
a  full  Years  Value  more  than  other  Perfons  who 
(hall  be  in  the  fame  Qualification  with  them. 
Then  the  Commons  further  refolved,  that  James 
[Duke  of  Hamilton]  Earl  of  Cambridge,  be  fined 
the  Sum  of  1 00,000 /.  and  kept  clofe  Prifoner  till 
he  pay  the  fame  :  To  the  firft  of  thcfe  Refolutions 
the  Lords  gave  their  Concurrence,  but  demurred 
to  the  other. 

When  the  Parliament  voted  an  Addition  of  four-  The  Parliament 
teen  Duys  to  the  forty,  firft  allotted  for  the  Treaty,  JjJJa^JJ  h 
they  borrowed  4000  /.  of  the  City  of  London  for  Treaty. 

VOL.  XVIII.  K  defray- 

"\  after  the  King  left  LtrJcr, 

(<0  Cteat-d  F.arl  of  Norwich,  I  and  therefore  tliefc  Titles 

(b)  Created  Baron  of  Leugbttrwgb,  J  were  not  allowed  by  thePar- 

)  liamBnt. 


1  46  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  »4  Car,  I.  defraying  the  neceflary  Expences  thereof:  And  this 

l648'   j    Day  an  Ordinance  parted  both  Houfes  for  fecuring 

November.      tne  Repayment  of  the  Money,  out  of  the    fame 

Fund  as  had  been  mortgaged  for  the  1  0,000  /.  bor- 

rowed at  the  Commencement  of  the  Treaty,  which 

was  that  of  Delinquents  Eftates* 


Nm-  **'  The  Commons,  took  intd  Confidera1- 
Anfwer  concern-  tion  the  King's  Anfwer  of  the  4th  of  this  Month, 
ing  the  church.  to  the  Exceptions  of  both  Houfes,  prefented  to 
him  by  the  Commiflioners  in  the  IJle  of  Wight,  to 
his  former  Anfwers  to  the  Propofition  concerning 
the  Church  ;  and  the  fame  being  read,  Mr.  Scot 
took  Notice  of  that  Paflage  wherein  the  King  pro- 
mi  fed  to  forbear  the  Ufe  of  the  Common  Prayer  in 
his  own  Chapel,  but  declared  he  would  ufe  fome 
ether  Form,  and  not  the  Directory  ;  and  a'Jded^ 
'  That,  in  his  Opinion,  all  Forms  were  Antichrif- 
tian/  Other  Members  allowed  of  Forms  in  ge- 
neral*  but  not  any  particular  one  ;  amongft  thefe 
the  moil  remarkable  was  Sir  Henry  Vane,  fenior, 
who  urged,  •  That  the  King  might  be  pfeffed  td 
give  an  Account  what  Form  he  intended  to  ufe,  be- 
caufe  it  might  not  only  be  contradictory  to  the  Di- 
rectory, but  even  mofe  Popifh  than  the  Common' 
Prayer  itfelf.'  Upon  the  whole  the  Houfe  came  to 
the  following  Refojutions  : 

1.  «  That  his  Majefty's  laft  Anfwer  of  the  4th 
Inftant,  as  to  that  Part  concerning  Bifhops,  Church 
Government,  and  Difcipline,  is  unfatisfadtory. 

2.  «  That  his  Majefty's-  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of 
the  Propofition  concerning  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,  wherein  he  declares,  He  will  not  infift  upon 
any  Provifion  for  the  Continuance  of  the  fame  in  his 
Majejly's  Chapel,  for  himfelf  and  his  Houjhold,  is  fa-» 
tisfa&ory. 

3.  '  That  this  Claufe  in  the  King's  Anfwer, 
touching  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  viz.   Ne- 
verthelefs  his  Majfjly  declares,  that  he  intends  to  ufe 

fome  other  fet  Form  of  Divine  Service^  is  not  fatif- 
factpryv 

4.  «  That 


of  ENGLAND.  147 

4.  «  That  his  Majefty's  Anfwer  to  that  Part  of  An.  24.  Car.  I. 
the  Propofition,  That  an  Att  or  Atts  be  pa/ed  for  .     l6*8-      t 
fijlrifler  Courfe  to  prevent  the  faying  or  hearing  of    November. 
Mafs  in  the  Court,  or  'any  other  Part  of  this  King- 
dom, or  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  wherein  he  declare.3 

fee  will  confent  thereunto,  is  fatisfaclory/ 

5.  <  That  that  Part  of  his  Majefty's  laft  An- 
fwer to  the  Propofition  and  Votes  concerning  the 
Church,  viz.    As  to  all  other  Particulars  in  your 
Paper  mentioned,  his  Majejly  having,  in  his  former 
Anfwers,  confented  fo  far  as  pojpbly  he   can,  as   he 

Jiands  at  prefent  perfuaded  in  his  Judgment,  doth 
refer  himfelf  thereunto  ;  and  fince  his  Majejly,  by 
his  ConceJJions,  'hath  brought  all  Differences  concern- 
ing the  Church  into  fo  narrow  a  Compafs,  that  the 
thief  viftble  ObftruRion  is  that  wherein  really  in  Con- 
fcience  he  is  not  fatisjied;  he  hopes  his  two  Houfes  will 
not  put  further  Preffures  of  fo  tender  a  Nature  upon 
him,  when  it  is  moft  likely  that  Time  and  Debate  will 
happily  reconcile  all  thofe  Differences,  is  not  fatisfac- 
tory ;  and  that  the  Commiflioners  be  hereby  au- 
thorized and  required  to  acquaint  his  Majefty  here- 
with ;  and  to  prefs  him  to  a  full  Confent  to  the 
Propofition  concerning  the  Church. 

In  the  Courfe  of  the  foregoing  Debates,  feveral 
Infinuations  had  been  thrown  out,  as  if  the  Earl 
of  Warwick  was  not  hearty  in  the  Iritereft  of  the 
Parliament,  in  regard  of  his  not  having  attempted 
to  fight  the  revolted  Part  of  the  Fleet  commanded 
by  the  Prince  of  Wales:  And  this  Sufpicion  was 
now  become  fo  general,  that  his  Lordfhip  thought 
it  neceflary  to  vindicate  himfelf  from  the  Charge, 
by  publifhing  the  following  Declaration : 

AboArd  the  St.  George  /;/  fJelvoet-Sluys, 
November  n,  1648. 

1  l_JAvi"g  ^is  Day  feen  a  Letter  from  London,  2£v2ET 

*  1~1  dated   the  third   of  this  Inftant  November,  tion  of  himfclf 

*  importing,  That  there  is  a  Pamphlet  printed,    in-  fl"0™  the  chlree 

*  •      1    j       ^     i~»     ;          •  t*i        r>      t      f  TIT          •    i      of  his  intending 

*  utuled,  A  Declaration  of  the  Earl  <?/ Warwick,  tojointbeplillCB 

K   2  fnewlng  of  Wales. 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

;  Jhewing  his  Refolution  to  join  with  the  Prince,  if  the 

'  Treaty  take  no  EffeH,  I  thought  myfelf  bound  to 

November.      '  ta^e  Notice  of  it,  being  fo  horrid  a  Reflection 

*  upon  my   Honour,  snd    wickedly  afperfing    me 
'  with  a  fuppofed  Refolution,  fo  repugnant  to  the 

*  Truft  which  I  hold  under  the  Parliament  :  And 

*  therefore    I   do    hereby   declare,    That   as  both 

*  Houfes  of  ParUament   have  been  pleafed  to  in- 
'  truft  me  with  the  Charge  of  the  Fleet,  fo  I  have 
'  endeavoured  to  improve  that  Authority  commit- 

*  ted  to  me,  with  a  faithful  and  inviolable  Refpect 
'  unto  my  Duty. 

«  When  I  firft  undertook  this  great  Charge,  I 
'  was  fully  fenfible  how  the  Caufe  of  Truth,  the 
'  Glory  of  God,  the  Settlement  of  my  Country's 
'  Peace,  and  the  preventing  of  the  bloody  and 

*  defperate  Defigns  of  the  Enemies   thereof,    de- 
'  pended  upon  the  Management  of  this  Expedition  \ 
'  and  how  much  I  was  obliged   in  Confcience  and 
'  Honour  to  omit  nothing  that  might  have  a  Ten- 

*  dency  to  thofe  Ends  :  That  Obligation  I  have, 
4  according    to   my  beft  Reafon  and  Judgment, 

*  faithfully  difcharged ;    and,    by   the    Blefling  of 

*  Heaven,  received  this  Fruit,  notwithftanding  the 

*  many   Obftruclions    and  Difficulties  that  inter- 

*  vened,  that  the  Honour  of  the  Parliament  by  Sea, 

*  is  cleared  ;  the  Fleet  committed  to   my   Charge 

*  preferved  in  a  Condition  of  Honour  and  Safety; 

*  the  Affections  of  the  Seamen  fettled  ;  the  Defign 

*  of  thofe  wicked  Revolters,  that  perfidioufly  be- 
«  trayed  ib  confiderable  a  Part  of  the  Kingdom's 

*  Navy,  broken  ;  and  fuch  as  affociated  with  them, 
'  either  rendered  or  reduced,  other  than  thofe  few 
'  that  for  a  while  have  bafely  flickered  themfelves 
'  within  the  Sluice  at  Helvoet,  and  one  that  was 

*  out  of  that  Harbour  when  I  came  into  it. 

'  As  to  the  pretended  Refolution  of  my  joining 
'  with  the  Prince,  in  cafe  the  Treaty  ihould  not 
'  take  Effect,  falfly  charg'd  upon  me  by  that  Pam- 
'  phlet ;  I  do  profefs  in  the  Prefence  of  God,  who 

*  knows  my  Heart  and  Ways,  that  it  never  entered 

*  into 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  149 

'  into  my  Thoughts:  and  that  my  Soul  abhors   it,  An.  24  Car. 

*  as  inconfiftent  with  my  Duty,  prejudicial  to  the    v ]     " 

1  Parliament,  deftru&ivc  to  the  Kingdom's  Peace,    November. 
c  and  unworthy  of  E  freeborn  Englijhman  j  being 

*  confident  that  the  Parliament  will  omit  nothing 
'  on  their  Part  to  make  the  Iflue  of  the  Treaty, 

*  by  God's  Blefling,   fuccefsful  and  happy  :  And 

*  therefore,  as  I  have  hitherto  been  faithful  to  the 
'  Kingdom,  and  to  the  Parliament  where  I  have 

*  the  Honour  to  fit  as  a  Peer;  fo  I  do  and  (hall 

*  fcorn  to  facrifice  my  Confcience,  and  thofe  pub- 
4  lie   and    dear    Concernments    of  my   Country, 

*  wherein  I  have  a  Portion,  to  this  mifled  Fancy 

*  of  any  Perfon,  of  what  Rank,  Quality,  or  Con- 

*  dition  foever  ;  and  while  I  have  a  Heart  and  Hand, 
4  I  (hall  not  fail,  by  God's  Afliftance,  to  have  them 
1  on  all  Occafions  lifted  up  for  the  Service  of  the 

*  Parliament,    and    common   Intereft   of  England^ 

*  with   my   utmoft  Integrity,  and  to   my  higheft 

*  Hazard ;  and  my  Actions  (hall  confute  the  Lies 
e  and  Jealoufies  as  well  of  that  falfe  Author,  as  of 
'  any  others,  who,  either  from  an  Ignorance  of  my 
'  Proceeding,  or  perhaps  from  a  Senfe  of  their  own 
'  Guilt,  dare  take  the  Freedom  in  thefe  Times, 

*  wherein  the  Tongue  and  Prefs  aflume  fo  luxuri- 
'  ous  a  Latitude,  fo  unjuftly  to  befpatter  my  Ho- 
'  nour  and  Intentions  ;  to  vindicate  the  Sincerity 
'  whereof  I  fhall  commit  myfelf  to  him  that  judgeth 
'righteoufi-y.  W  A  R  w'l  C  K. 

Nov.  14.  This  Day  the  Hotifc  of  Lords  recei- 
ved a  Letter,  dated  the  nth  Inltant,  from  the  Earl 
of  Northumberland,  one  of  the  Commiffioners  then 
attending  upon  the  King  in  the  Ijle  of  TPigbt,  fig- 
nifying  that  he  had  prefented  to  his  Majefty  the 
Reiolutions  of  both  Houfes  of  thefecond  and  fourth 
of  this  Month  (a]  (which  we  have  already  given 
K  3  under 

(a)  The  Resolutions  of  th«  firft  of  this  Month,  relating  to  Delin- 
quents, were  not  prefented  to  the  King  till  the  twenty-third,  on 
account  of  the  Uifpute  between  the  two  Houfes  concerning  the 
f«ven  Perfons  who  fliould  be  CXCtpted  from  Pardon,  which  vas  nul 
fully  agreed  till  the  airt. 


150  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I-  under  their  proper  Dates)  :  That  his  Majefty  ha4 
1648^  ^  agreed  to  the  Continuance  of  the  Treaty  for  four- 
November.     teen  Days  longer  ;  that  finding  his  Anfwer,  of  the 
2ift  of  Oftobcr,    concerning    the  Nomination   of 
The  King's  An-  Officers,  not  to  be  fatisfa&ory,  he  had  agreed  to 
RefobtionsTf     conf"ent  to  the  fame  in  the  Manner  defired  by  the 
the  Parliament    Parliament,  fo  as  that  Nomination  be  limited   to 
twenty  Years:  That  his  Majefty  had  alfo  con- 
fented  to  the   Refolution    relating   to  the    taking 
away  the  Court  of  Wards  and  Liveries  :  and  had 
given  the  following  Anfwer  concerning  th,e  Cate- 
chifm  : 


touching  the 


Votes  of  both 


Proofitions, 


CHARLES  R.  NewPort>  Nov«  I0> 
f?0  R  a  final  Anfwer  concerning  the  Caiechif?n,  pre- 
•*  fented  to  bis  Majefty  on  the  8tb  Inftant,  he  calling 
to  Mind  his  Proportion  concerning  the  Confutation  to 
be  had  with  the  Affembly  of  Divines^  ivkerein  this,  as 
lyell  as  other  Things  of  this  Nature,  may  be  confidered 
and  farther  ejlahlljhed^  giyes  his.  Approbation  t&er.e- 
unto  as  is  defired. 

Nov.  15.     The  Commons  pafled  the  following 
Refolutions,  in  Anfwer  to  the  King's  Proportions  : 

1.  «  That  from  and  immediately  after  the  King 
!M1  have  confented  unto  the  Defires  of  the  two 

Houfes  upon  the  Treaty,  and  ratified  the  fame  by- 
Adi  or  A£ts  of  Parliament,  all  his  Houfes,  Ho- 
nours, Manors,  and  Lands,  with  the  growing 
Rents  and  Profits  thereof,  and  all  other  legal  Re- 
venues of  the  Crown,  fhall  be  reftored  unto  him, 
liable  to  the  Maintenance  of  antient  Forts,  and 
all  other  public  and  legal  Charges,  which  they 
were  formerly  charged  withal  or  liable  unto1;  with 
an  Exception  of  fuch  Caftles  and  Forts,  as  are  now1 
garrifoned,  and  of  fuch  Places  for  public  Maga- 
zines and  Stores  as  are  now  made  Ufe  of,  for  fo 
long  Time  as  both  Houfes  fhall  think  fit  to  make 
ufe  of  them  for  the  necefTary  Defence  of  the  King- 
dom. 

2.  ?  That  the  King  fhall  have  Compenfation  for 
thofe  legal  growing  Revenues  and  Profits  of  the 

Crown, 


tf   ENGLAND.  I5i 

Crown,  which  he  hath  or  fhall  «onfent  to  part  An.  24  ear.  i 
withal  for  the  Satisfaction  of  both  Houfes  in  this  .    ,l6^4' 
Treaty,  in  fuch  Manner  and  Proportion  as  by  the     November. 
King  and  both  Houfes  fhall  be  agreed  upon. 

3.  «  That  the  King  fhall  be  fettled  in  a  Conr 
dition  of  Honour,  Freedom,  and  Safety,  agreeable 
to  the  Laws  of  the  Land. 

4.  '  That  an  A&  of  Oblivion  and  Indemnity  be 
pafted,  to  extend  to  all  Perfons  for  all  Matters, 
with  fuch  Limitations  and  Provifions  as  (hall  be 
agreed   upon    between   his  Majefty  and  his  two 
Houfes  of  Parliament ;  provided  that  it  be  declar- 
ed by  Act  of  Parliament,  .that   nothing  in  thefe 
four  Propofitions,  por  any  of  them  thus  confented 
unto,  is  intended  or  (hall  be  made  life  of  to  abro? 
gate,  weaken,  or  anywife  impair  any  Agreement  in 
this  Treaty,  or  any  Law,  Grant,  or  Conceflion, 
agreed  upon  by  the  King,  and  the  two  Houfes  of 
Parliament,  in  purfuance  thereof/ 

The  above  Refolutjons,  together  with  thofe 
pafs'd  on  the  1 1  th,  upon  the  King's  laft  Anfwer 
touching  the  Church,  were  carried  up  to  the  Houfe 
of  Lords,  who  gave  their  immediate  Concurrence 
to  them  all  j  and  they  were  ordered  to  be  forthwith 
fent  away  to  the  Commiffioners  in  the  Jjlt  of 
Wight)  to  be  prefented  tq  the  King, 

The  fame  Day,  Nov.  15,  th,<?  Lords  pafled  an  Or-  An  ordinance 
dinance  for  baniming  the  Earl  of  Hofanh  the  Lord  for  banishing  it- 
Goring  and  the  Lord  Capd\  and  likewife  'agreed  v 
to  a  Vote  of  the  Commons,  for  inflicting  'the  fame 
Punifhment  on  Sir  Henry  Lingen,  Henry  Ha/tings, 
Efqj  Major-General  Laugbarn,  and  Sir  John  Owen.' 
Becaufe  there  might  be  no  Obftruction  in  the  Trea- 
ty, the  Lords  faid  that  they  had  parted  this  Ordi- 
nance for  baniming  the  three  Peers ;  fmce,  being 
Members  of  their  Houfe,  it  was  fit  to  begin  there 
firft,  and   not  by  Vote  from  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
mons.  But  this  Ordinance  was  rejected  by  the 

Commons  upon  the   firft  Reading,   who  ordered 
K  4  another 


November. 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

another  to  be  brought  into  their  own  Houfe  for 
banifhing  the  three  Lords,  as  well  as  the  four 
Commoners  ;  for  which,  afterwards  at  a  Confer- 
ence, they  gave  this  Reafon,  That  their  Vote  for 
the  Bunifhment  of  thofe  {even  was  fent  to  the  Lords 
for  their  Concurrence,  only  that  they  might  be  Part 
of  the  Anfwer  to  the  Proportion  concerning  De- 
linquents j  and  no  prefent  Judgment  upon  thofe 
Perfons.  Hereupon  the  Lords  withdrew  their  own 
Ordinance,  and  gave  their  Concurrence  to  that  fent 
up  by  the  Commons,  the  Earl  of  Mulgrave  and  the 
Lord  Hunfdon  entering  their  Diffent. 


Nov.   16.     A   Letter  from   Colonel  Hammond^ 
concerning  the  King's  Parole,  was  read. 

For  the  Right  Hon.  //^COMMITTEE  at  Derby-. 
Houfe. 

Carljbwke,  Nov.  9,  1648. 
Jldy  Lords  and  Gentlemen^ 

A  Letter  from  «  f~>  I V  E  me  Leave  to  acquaint  your  Lordfhips, 
Col.  Hammond,  <  \jf  ^  ^  p  before  ^  Tjme  former]y  limi_ 
relating  to  tnc  «  -  .  ,—  »  .  -  _  f  * 

King's  Parole  ted  f°r  the  1  reaty  ended-,  and  before  it  was  known 
'here  to  be  renewed,  I  thought  it  my  Duty  (in  re- 
'  gard  of  the  great  Truft  the  Parliament  put  upon 
'  me,  in  receiving,  on  their  Behalf,  the  King's  Pa- 
e  role ;  and  becaufe  there  was  not  any  that  could 
'  pofitively  witnefs  to  the  Circumftances  of  the  En- 
'  gagement,  except  Sir  Peter  Killigrew)  to  move 
'  the  King  to  confirm  his  Parole,  and  acquaint  the 

*  Cornmiiftoners  of  Parliament  that  he  had  fo  paf- 
'  fed   his  Word,  as  defired   rnd    ordered   by  both 
'  Houfes,   which  accordingly  he  did,  as   the  faid 
'  Honourable    Commiilioners    will    better   inform 

*  your  Lordmips ;  the  next  Day,  and  at  the  Com- 

*  miflioners    taking   their   Leave   of  the   King,    I 

*  having  had  Intimation  of  a  Queftion  or  Doubt, 
'  whether  Guards  (as  was  pretended  argued  a  Di- 

*  ftruft)  being  kept  upon  the  King,  his  laid  Parole 

*  was  not  thereby  made  void,  I  prefied  the  Kino;, 
'  before    them,   to  declare  whether  he  made  any 

*  fuch 


sot  to  leave  the 
Me  of  Wight. 


of   E  N  G,L  A  N  D.  153 

*  fuch  "Queftion  j  if  fo,  that  he  would  be  pleafed  -An.  24  Car.  i. 

*  to  declare  it.     He  feeming  fomewhat  furprized,        l6*8'     M 

*  defired  Time  to  confider  it ;  profeffing  not  to    November. 

*  have  thought  on  it  before  :  But  I  perceiving  the 

*  Danger  of  fuch  a  Referve,  preffed  him  with  great- 
'  er  Earneftnefs  to  a  clear  Declaration  of  himfelf 
'  in  the   Point ;   telling  him,    that  otherwife  his 
'  Parole  fignified  nothing  ;  and  defired  his  politive 
'  Anfwer,  as  the  Cafe  now  ftood  with  him.     His 

*  Majefty  avoided  it  long.     I  then  told  him,  That 

*  if  the  Centinels  at  his  Door,  (I  having  kept  no 

*  other  fince  the  Engagement  of  his  Word)  were 
'  offenfive  to  him,  I  would   abfolutely   clear  him 
'  in  that  Queftion.     He  feemed  to  make  a  Scruple 

*  they  fliould  be  taken  off,  they  being  only  fet  to 
'  keep  People  from  preffing  into  his  Lodgings,  and 
'  placed,  at  a  further  Diftance,  with  the  Guard 

*  that  is  kept  to  preferve  his  Majefty's  Perfon  from 
4  Violence  ;  affuring  him  I  only   depended  on  his 

*  Word,  which  the  Parliament  had  pleafed  to  ac- 
'  cept,  for  his  not  removing  out  of  the  Ifland.     I 
'  told  him  it  would  be  then  more  clear,  and  that 
'  four  of  five  feveral  Times  :  At  length,  upori  my 

*  Importunity,  not  being  to  be  fatisfied  with  a  doubt- 
'  ful  Anfwer,  he  concluded  himfelf  to  be  obliged  by 

*  his  Parole  if  the  faid  Centinels  were  taken  away  ; 
'  which  I  then  promifed  him,  before  the  Commif- 
'  fioners,  fhould  be  done  j  and  accordingly  it  was 
'  immediately  obferved. 

*  My  Lords,  I  thought  it  my  Duty  to  give  your 

*  Lordfhips  an  Account  of  thefe  Paflages,  efpeci- 
'  ally  hearing  there  is  likely  to  be  a  Renewal  of  the 
'  King's  Parole  for  fome  longer  Time;  that  if  your 
'  Lordfhips  fee  Caufe  it  may  be  fo  put  to  him,  upon 
'  Renewal  of  his  faid  Parole,  as  may  take  off  all 
'  fuch  Refervations,  which  poflibly  may  otherwife 

*  tend  to  the  Difadvantage  of  the  Parliament.     I 

*  am, 

Your  Lordflrips  humble  Servant, 

ROBERT  HAMMOND. 
Upon 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Upon  reading  this  Letter,  both  Hou(es  refolved, 
That  the  King's  Parole,  given  to  the  Governor  of 
the  IJle  of  Wight,  doth  bind  him  to  a  Refidence  in 
that  Ifle  for  twenty  Days  after  the  Treaty  (hall  be 
ended  ;  notwithftanding  any  Addition  that  hath 
been,  or  fhall  be,  made  by  both  Houfes  for  con- 
tinuing the  Treaty  any  longer  than  the  forty  Day* 
firft  appointed.  They  alfo  agreed  to  the  following 
Anfwer  to  Col.  Hammond's  Letter,  which  was  or- 
dered to  be  fent  to  him  immediately. 

S/R,  London,  Nov.  16,  164?, 

4  \7  OUR  Letter  of  the  Qth  Inftant,  direfted  to 
4     Y     the  Committee  at  Derby-Houfe,    touching 

*  the  Klpg's  Parole,  being  communicated  to  both 
4  Houfes  of  Parliament,  they  have  commanded  us 
'  herein  to  convey  unto  you  their  Refolution  con- 

*  cerning  the  fame,  Which  is  here  inclofed  ;  and  to 
4  fignify  to  you,  that  their  Pleafure  is  you  fhould 

*  propofe  ip  £he  King,  that  his  Majefty  may  de- 

*  clare  the  like  j  whofe  pofitive  Anfwer  thereunto 
4  you  are  to' fend  to  the  Houfes,  on  Monday  next 
4  at  the  fartheft.'  : 

4  We  are  commanded,  by  both  Houfes  of  Par-, 
4  liament,  to  return  you  hearty  Thanks  for  all  your 
4  faithful  Services  to  the  Parliament  and  Kingdom 
4  in  relation  to  the  great  Truft  repofed  in  you  ; 
4  which  they  take  fpecial  Notice  of,  and  to  be  ma- 
4  n aged  and  carried  on  by  you  with  great  Prur- 
4  dence,  and  with  fmgular  and  conftant  V;igilancy 
«  for  the  Public  Good.  We  'are  to  allure  you  of 
4  the  Efteem  of  the  Parliament,  both  for '  you  and, 
4  them,  and  remain 

Tour  affeElionate  Friends, 

MANCHESTER, 

Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  Lords, 

WILL.    LENTHALL, 

Speaker  of  the  Commons  Houfe 
in  parliament. 

Nov. 


*f   ENGLAND.  155 

Nov.  17.  Both  Houfes  refolved,  That  the  King's  An.  24  c«.  I, 
laft  Anfwer  to  the  Propofition  for  the  Nomination  ^_         ^^ 
of  public  Officers  was  fatisfaclory.  November. 

The  fame  Day  the  following  Letter,  from  the 
Committee  of  Eftates  in  Scotland,  was  ordered  to 
be  printed  and  pablifhed. 

7i  the  Right  Hon.  the  LORDS  and  COMMONS  af- 
fembled  in  the  Parliament  0/*  England. 

Edinburgh,  Nov.  7,  1648. 
Right  Honourable, 

*  \  S  we  are  very  fenfible  of  the  Benefit   and  A  Letter  from 
'  l\  Advantage  afforded  to  this  Kingdom,  againft^^™^ 

*  the  Enemies  of  the  Peace  and  Happinefs  of  both  Scotland,  com-. 
?  Nations,  by  the  coming  hither  of  your  Forces  finding  the 

*  under'tl>e  Command  of  Lieutenant-General  Cram- 
1  well  and  Major  General  Lambert,  fo  we  hold  it 

*  §tting^  when,  the  Condition  of  our  Affairs  and 

*  Pofture  of  our  Forces  have  now  permitted  their 

*  Return.,  to  render  them  this  deferved  Teftimony^; 
f  and  to  acknowledge  that  the  Deportment  of  the 
'  General  Officers,  Under  Officers,  and  Soldiers, 
'  in  their  coming  into  this   Kingdom,  during  their 
'  Abode  amohgft  us,  and  their  Return  to  England, 

*  hath  been  fo  fair  and  civil,  and  with  fo  much 
'  Tenderriefs  to  avoid  all  Caufe  of  Offence,  arid  to 
'  preferve  a  right  Underftand ing  between  the  King- 
'  doms,  that  we  truft,  by  their  Carriage,  the  Ma- 
'  lignant  and  Difaffedled  (hall  be  convinced  and  dif- 
'  appointed,  and    the  Amity    of    both    Kingdoms 

*  ftrengthened  and  confirmed  ;  which  we  {hall  like- 
'  wife,  on  our  Part,   inviolably  ftudy  to  prcferve, 
'  and  to  witnefs  that  we  are 

Tour  very  affetllonate  Friends 

and  bumble  Servants, 

6ignd  in  the  Name,  and  by 
Command,  of  the  Com~ 
mitteejf  EJlata,  by  LOUDQN,  Cane.9 


156  *The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.       Nov.    18,      The   Commons   refolved  that   the 

*648<        Treaty  be  farther  continued  till  Saturday  the  i5th 

^November.      Inftant,  inclufive,  to  which  the  Lords  gave  their 

Concurrence  ;  and  a  Letter  was  ordered  to  be  fent 

to  their  Commiffioners  accordingly. 

Nov.  20,  The  following  Papers,  from  the  Com- 
mifiioners  in  the  JJle  of  Wight,  were  read  in  both 
Houfes. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  PAPER  defiring  his  MajeJIy'i 
fuller  Anfwer  about  the  Marquis  of  Ormond. 

Newport,  Nov.  n,  1648. 

Paperi  between  «  "IT  7  E  are  commanded,  by  both  Houfes  of  Par- 
the  King  and  the  e  yV  liament,  to  acquaint  your  Majefty,  That 
Commiffioners,  *  >T°ur  Anfwer  to  their  Defire,  expreffed  in  a  Paper 
touching  the  *  of  the  firft  of  November,  Inftant,  for  your  de- 
i  claring  againft  the  Proceeding  of  the  Lord  of 

*  Ormond  in  Ireland,  is  not  fatisfa&ory  ;  and  there- 
'  fore  we  do  again  humbly  defire  your  Majefty '% 

*  full  Confent  thereunto.' 

[Signed  by  the  Commijftoners.'} 

The  KING'S   ANSWER. 
CHARLES  R.          Newport,  Nov.  16,  1648. 

Tj*O  R  an  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  your  Paper  of  the 
•**  i\th  of  November,  concerning  Ireland,  his  Ma- 
jejiy  faith,  That  he  hath,  by  his  former  Anfwer  con- 
cerning the  Kingdom  of  Ireland,  (which  his  two 
Houfes  have  voted  to  be  fatisfattory)  declared  and 
made  void  all  Treaties  and  Conclufions  of  Peace,  or 
any  Articles  thereupon,  with  the  Rebels,  without  the 
Confent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament ;  and  to  fettle 
in  them  the  Power  of  the  Militia,  and  the  Profe- 
cution  of  the  War  there;  whereby,  upon  Conclusion 
of  this  Treaty  with  Peace,  the  Deftres  of  his  two 
Houfes  in  that  Particular  will  be  fully  obtained, 
and  his  Majejly  will  then  command  the  Marquis  of 
Ormond  to  deftft  from  any  Treaty  or  Proceedings  : 
And  in  cafe  he  jhatt  refuse,  (which  he  'a fares  him- 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  157 

felf  he  will  not)  his  Majcjty  will  make  fucb  public  An-  *4  Car.  J. 

Declaration  again/I  his  Power  and  Proceedings  as  is  v___  _, 

now  defired :  But,  until  fucb  a  Conclujion^  his  Ma-     November. 
jff.y  defires  he  may  not  be  farther  prejjed  in  that  Par~ 
ticular. 

The  COMMISSIONERS  REPLY. 

Newport ,  Nov.  16,  1648. 
4  f"TAving  received  your  Majefty's  Anfwerof  the 

*  I.  J.  1 6th  of  this  Inftant  November ^  to  our  Pa- 

*  per  of  the  i  rth  ;  wherein  your  Majefty  inferreth, 
'  That  upon  the  Conclufion  of  the  Treaty  with  Peace, 
'  the  Deftre  of  your  two  Pioufes  in  this  Particular 

*  will  be  fully  obtained :  We  humbly  conceive  the 
'  Houfes  deiire  your  Majefty's   public  Declaration 

*  againft  any  Power  in  the  Lord  of  Ormond  to  treat 
4  and  conclude  a  Peace  with  the  Rebels  in  Ireland* 

*  and  againft  his  Proceedings,  for  the  prefent  dif- 
'  avowing  and  difcountenancing  thereof  ;  and  that 
'  your  Majefty's  Anfwer  relates  only  to  the  future, 
'  and  will  be  interpreted  to  be,  in  the  mean  time, 

*  a  countenancing  and  approving  of  thofe  Proceed- 
'  ings  ;  which  we  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to 
4  take  into  your  ferious  Confideration,  with   fuch 
'  other  Reafons  as  we  have  offered  in  Debate ;  and 
'  do  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give  your  full 
'  Confent  to  our  Defires,  expreffed  in  our  Paper 

*  of  the  nth  Inftant.' 

[Sign'a1  by  the  CommiJJiwers.] 

His  MAJESTY'S  FINAL  ANSWER  concerning  the 
Marquis  of  Ormond. 

CHARLES  R.  Newport,  Nov.  17,  1648. 

T^O  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you,  at  to  your  Paper  of 
•*~  the  \\th  Inftant)  concerning  Ireland,  his  Ma- 
jefty jaith,  That  he  doth  acknowledge  that,  hf  your 
Paper  of  the  ibtb  Injlant^  the  Difference  betwixt 
the  Defire  of  his  two  Houfes  and  his  Majcjty' s  An- 

fwer, 


158  W*  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  16  Car.  I.  fiber,  concerning .- the  Proceedings  of  the  Marquis  of1 

^48. ^  Ormond,  is  .truly  Jlated  and  obferved ;  for  that   the 

November.  two  Houfo  do  defa.'e  his  Majefty  to  make  a  prefent 
Declaration .  againji  the.  Power,  and  Proceedings  of 
the  Marquis,  and  his  Majefly  doth  confent  to  make 
the  fame  at  the  Conclufton  of  this  Treaty  in  Peace ; 
which  he  believes  is  very treasonable  on  his  P&rt  to  in" 
Jijl  on,  fmce  the  making  of  fuch  Declaration  at  the 
End  bf  this  Treaty1  joins  it  with  his  own  Freedom 
and  Security  ;  and  the  publijhing  the  fame,  prefently, 
feparates  it, .from  that  Confederation.  But  his  Ma- 
jlfly  conceives  it.  ,is  not  rightly  inferred,  nor  that  his 
dnfw'ir  can  reasonably  be  interpreted  t&  be  any  Coun- 
tenance or  Approbation  of  thofe  Proceedings,  fmce  his 
Majejly  has  confent ed  to  the  Matter,  defired,  and  dif- 
fers only  in  the  Circumflance  of  Time,.,  which  he  hopes 
his  two  Houfes  will  not  make  very  flow*  The  other 
farts  of  your  Debate  his  MajeJIy  hath  well  conjidered 
of$  as  he  hopes  you  have  done  of  his  Replies  there* 
unto  ;  and  therefore  he  adheres  to  his  former  Anfwcr 
to  this,  Biijinefs,  and  dejires  hii  two  Houfes  •  to  con- 
fider  the  Largenefi.  of  his  Concejjions  in  this  Treaty  ; 
and,  upon  that  Foundation^  to  proceed  to  a  fpeedj 
Settlement  of  ft  blejjed  Peace  in  England,  which  hi  $ 
Majejly  conceives  the  mojl  probable  Means  to  reduce 
Ireland. 

His  Majefty't         ^^  reading  thef?  Papers  from  the  Commiflion- 

Anfwers  therem  _          &  r  i       i     >-T^,          ,       tr-      >      A 

voted  unfatif-  ers,  the  Commons  reiolved,  1  hat  the  King  s  An- 
fwers  to  the  Propofition  for  his  declaring  againft  the 
Proceedings  of  the  Lord  Ormond  in  Ireland,  is  not 
fatisfa£tory  ;  and  this  Refolution  was  ordered  to  be 
fent  to  the  Lordtf  for  their  Concurrence. 

The  foregoing  Vote  was  no  fooner  pafled,  than 
the  Houfe  of  Commons  was  alarmed  with  a  large 
Rcmonftrance  from  the  Army,  demanding  Juftice 
upon  the  King  as  a  capital  Delinquent,  by  being 
the  Occafion  of  all  the  Blood  (hed  during  the  War; 
The  Entry  of  this  aftoniihingly  bold  Attempt 
(whi'e  a  Treaty  was  going  on  between  the  King 
4.  and 


^ENGLAND.  159 

and  Parliament  in  the  Ijle  of  JVight}   ftands  thus  An.  24  Car.  I. 
recorded  in  their  Journals !  ^__  , 

*  The  Houfe  being  informed  that  fome  Officers  Nov«mt>er. 
of  the  Army,  from  the  General,  were  at  the  Door 
with  a  Remoftrance,  they  were  called  in ;  and  Col., 
Ewer  informed  them,  That  the  Lord  General,  and 
General  Council  of  the  Officers  of  the  Army,  had 
commanded  him,  and  thofe  Gentlemen  with  him, 
to  prefent  this  Remonftrance  to  that  Honourable 
Houfe;  arid  defired  them  to  take  it  into  fpeed^ 
and  ferious  Confideration.  The  faid  Remonftrance 
was  directed  ¥0  the  Right  Honourable  the  Commons 
cf  England  ajjembled  in  Parliament,  intituled,  tfhe 
humble  Remon/lrance  of  his  Excellency  the  Lord-Ge- 
•neral  Fairfax,  and  his  General  Council  of  Officers, 
held  at  St.  Alban's,  Thurfday  the  i6th  of  Novem- 
ber, 1648;  and  was  figned,  by  the  Appointment 
of  his  Excellency  the  Lord  General,  and  his  Ge- 
neral Council  of  Officers,  by  John  Rujhworth^  Se- 
cretary.' 

The  Contemporary  Writers  in  general  agree, 
tflat  Lord  Fairfax  was,  in  himfelf,  well  difpofed  to 
Peace,  and  that  he  had  no  perfonal  Difaffection  to 
his  Majefty  :  A  Circumftance  confirm'd  by  his  re- 
fufing  to  act,  foon  after^  as  a  Commiffioner  for 
the  Trial  of  the  King,  though  he  was  the  firft 
Perfon  named  in  the  Ordinance  for  that  Purpofe. 
It  may  therefore  very  juftly  be  enquired  what  could 
induce  his  Lordfhip  to  appear  at  the  Head  of  this 
Remonftrance  ?  In  order  to  clear  up  this  Point,  it 
is  to  be  obferved^  That  Cromwell,  in  his  trium- 
phant March  out  of  Scotland,  had  endeavoured  to 
engage  the  Gentry  in  the  North  of  England  to 
oppofe  the  Treaty's  going  forward  j  and  feveral 
Petitions  were  prefented  to  the  Commons  for  that 
End,  of  which  the  Houfe  took  no  Notice.  This 
Project  failing,  he  foimed  a  Scheme  for  the  feverat 
Regiments  to  petition  the  Lord  Fairfax,  one  after 
another,  demanding  Juftice  upon  the  King  ;  which 
was  begun  by  Ireton,  his  Son -in- Law's  Regiment, 
and  then  followed  by  Jngoldftys,  Fkeiwood's,  Wha* 
tys>  BarkfttajTs,  Overtoil's,  and  others.  The 

Cohfe* 


1*48 
"••>/— • 

November. 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  Confequence  of  this  was  the  calling  a  General 
Council  of  Officers,  and  agreeing  upon  the  Re- 
monftrance now  before  us  ;  of  which  Ireton,  who 
had  originally  been  brought  up  to  the  Law,  was 
the  principal  Penman.  Whether,  therefore,  the 
General's  giving  way  to  the  Prefentment  of  it  was 
owing  to  his  own  Inclinations,  to  his  being  over- 
reached by  Cromwell's  Diffimulation,  or  to  an  Ap- 
prehenfion  of  the  Refentment  of  the  whole  Army 
upon  his  Non-compliance,  we  pretend  not  to  de- 
termine ;  yet  certain  it  is,  that  he  wrote  the  fol- 
lowing Letter  to  the  Speaker,  to  inforce  this  Re- 
monftrance, which  is  annexed  to  the  printed  Copy 
of  it. 

For  the  Honourable  WILLIAM  LENTHALL,    Efq\ 
Speaker  of  the  Honourable  Houfe  of  COMMONS. 

Mr.  Speaker,  St>  Alban's,Nov.  16,  1648. 

<  *T*HE  General  Council  of  Officers,  at  their  late 

<  •*•    Meeting  here,  have  unanimoufly  agreed  upon 
«  a  Remonftrance  to  be  preferited  to  you,  which  is 

<  herewith  fent  by   the  Hands  of  Colonel  Ewer, 
and  oth^r  Officers  :  And  in  regard   it  concerns 
Matters  of  higheft  and    prefent    Importance    to 
yourfelf,  to  us,  and  the  whole  Kingdom,  I  do, 
at  the  Defire  of  the  Officers,  and   in  behalf  of 
them  and  myfelf,  moft  humbly  and  earneftly  in- 
treat  that  it  may  have  a  prefent  Reading,  and  the 

c  Things  propounded  therein  may  be  timely  con- 
*  fidered  ;  and  that  no  failing  in  Circumftances  or 
*.  Expreifions  may  prejudice  either  the  Reafon  or 

<  Juftice  of  what  is  tendered,  or  their  Intentions 

<  of  whofe  good  Affections  and  Conftancy  therein 

<  you  have  had  fo  long  Experience.     I  remain 

Tour  moft  humble  Servant, 

FAIRFAX. 

This  Remonftrance  was  not  offered  to  the  Houfe 
of  Lords,  nor  is  there  any  thing  more  of  it  to  be 
found  in  any  of  the  Contemporaries,  than  a  fhort 
Abftraft  of  about  a  /ingle  Page  :  We  fhall  there- 
fore 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  161 

fork  give  the  whole  at  large  from  the  Original  Edi-  An.  24  cunl. 
tion,  prefuming  that  the   Curicfity  of  the  Subject        l648- 
will  apologize  for  the  exceflive  Length  of  it  (b).       November 


St.  Albari'S)  Nov.   1  6,  1648. 

(  f~\  U  R   tender  Regard  to  the  Privileges  and  A  Remonftrance 
V_x   Freedom    of    Parliament,    on    which   our  Prefented  to  tj»e 
|  Hopes  of  common  Freedom  and  Right    do   fo  mon^rrom  ITrd 
^  much  depend,  and  our  late  Experience  what  Of-  Fairfax  and  the 
t  fence  many,  even  hoheft  Men,  feern  to  have  ta-  53^™°"^ 
c  ken,  arid  what  Advantage  evil  Men  have  made,  mandingjuftice" 
c  of  our  leaft  interpofirig  in  any  Thing  of  civil  Con-  upon  the  King, 
t  fideration  to  the  Parliament,  hath  made  us  for  a  ic* 
t  long  Time  hitherto,  as  it  (hould  always  make  us 
t  even  to  the  utmoft  Extremity,   to  attend  in  Si- 
t  lence  the  Counfels  and  Determinations  of  Parlia- 
t  ment    concerning   all    Matters   of   that   Nature 
t  whatfoever  ;  but  finding  you  to  have  been,  of  late, 
upon    thofe    Tranfa&ions   of  higheft  Moment, 
whereupon  the  Life  or  Death  of  all  our  civil  In- 
tereft  does  depend  ;  arid  that  the  public  Affairs  in 
'  your  Hands  (not  without  the  Influence  of  forcible 

*  Impulfions  from  your  Enemies,  and  fuch  as  have 

*  been  ftirred  up  by  them)  are  brought  to  the  ut- 
'  moft  Crifis  of  Danger,  which   calls   upon   every 
'  Man  to  contribute  what  Help  .he   can  :  and  fee- 
'  ing  no  effectual  Help  from  el  fe  where  to  appear, 

*  we  cannot  be   (beclaufc,  iri  Confcierlce  and  Duty 

*  to  God  and  Men,  we   hold  Curfelves  obliged  in 
4  fuch  Cafe  not  to  be)    altogether  filent,  orwant- 

*  ino;  in  ought  we  can  honeftly  fay,   or  do,  to  hold 

*  of?  impending  Ruin  from  an  honeil  People,  and  a 

*  good  Caufe. 

4  We  are  not  ignorant  that  that  Rule  of  Sa!u^ 

*  Poputi  fupretnd  Lex  is  of  all  others  moft  apt  to 

*  be  abufed  or  mifapplied,  and  yet  none  mere  furely 
"  true.     It  is  too  ordinary,  efpecially  of  late  Times, 

*  for  Men  who,  either  from  Intentions  of  Evil,  or 

VOL.  XVIII.  L  *  iriordi- 

fi>),  LonJcn,  prinrfd  for  John  PgrtriJge  aiivl  Gccrge  Jf-'nttirricr^ 
'n  Black  Tryars,  at  the  Gat?  going  into  Carter  *l*r.t,  and  at  the 
Blue  Jpctcr  in  Cbtrntill,  1648. 


1 6  2  *The.  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I. «  inordinate  Temper  of  Spirit,  would   break  thofe 

t    l6*8'   M     <  Bonds  of  Law  and  Magiftracy  which  they  find 

VJ^^)ber>      c  to  reftrain  them,  to  frame  Pretences   of  public 

'  Danger,  and  Extremity  thereof;  and  from  thence 

*  immediately  to  aflume  a  Liberty  to  break,  or  elfe 
'  neglecT:  and  fly  above,  the  due  Bounds  of  Order 
'  and  Government,  and  ftir  up  others  to  the  fame  ; 

*  pleading  Privilege  from  that  vaft  large  Rule  of 
'  Salus   Populiy    &c,    from    fuch  Mif-applications, 

*  whereof  great  Difturbances  do  oft  arife  and  Con- 
'  fufion  is  endangered  ;    and  yet  we  know  the  fame 

*  may  be  juftly  pretended  and  followed,  and  that 

*  (where  it  is  from  honeft  public  Intentions,  and 

*  upon  clear  Grounds)  with  very  happy    Effects  : 

*  We  have  feen,  in  this  our  Age  feveral  Inftances  jn 

*  both  Kinds,  and  the  Hand  of  God  bearing  Te- 
'  ftimony  and  giving  Judgment  for  fome,  and  yet 

*  againft  others,    where  the  Pretenfions  have  been 
'  the  fame,  or  fo  like   as  it  was  hard   for   human 

*  Judgment  to  diftinguifti.     And  indeed  fince  the 

*  Right  or   Wrong  of  fuch   Proceedings  depends 

*  chiefly  upon  the    good  or  ill,   public  or  felfifh, 

*  fmcere  or  corrupt,  Intentions  of  the  Parties  pre- 

*  tending,    (which  human  Judgment   cannot   or- 

*  dinarily  reach  into)  and  partly  upon  the  Juftnefs 

*  or  Caufelefnefs,  Neceffity  or  Lightnefs,    of  the 
4  Occafion  taken   from    thofe  againft   whom    the 

v      '  Pretence  is  ;    which   again  depends  partly  upon 

*  their  Carriages,  and  partly  upon  their  Intentions, 
'  the  latter  whereof  is  not  clearly  or  properly  un- 

*  der  Man's  Judgment ;   and  the  former,  without  a 
4  full  Knowledge  of  Particulars,  not  eafy  for  Man 

*  to  give  a  certain  Judgment  of ;  therefore,  as  the 
'  engaging  upon  fuch  Pretences  and  Principles  does 

*  always  imply,   and  is  for  moft  Part  exprefly  ac- 
'  companicd  with,  Appeals  to  God  for  Judgment,  fo 

*  it  is  the  proper  Work  of  God  to  bear  true  Witnek 
V  and  give  righteous  Judgment  in  fuch  Cafes  ;   and 

*  as  he  is  always   engaged  to  do  it  fooner  or  later, 
4  clearer  or  darker  ;  fo,  in  this  Age  and  Part  of  the 
c  World,  he  hath  feem'dboth  to  make  hafte  to  Judg- 

*  ment  in  fuch  Cafes,  to  give  it  quickly  and  fpeedily, 

<  and 


of   E  N  G  L  AND.  163 

and  alfo  to  make  bare  his  Arm  therein^  That  Men  An.  24  Car.  I. 

*  may   fee  it ;    and  hath   appeared  as  a  fcvere  A-         l648' 

"  venger  againft  fuch  Pretenders,  where  it  hath  been     Novemb  r  J 
1  in  talfhood,  and  with  evil  or  corrupt  Intentions  ; 
4  fo  as  alfo  a  Difcountenance,  thereof,  even  where  it 
k  hath  been  with  good  Intentions)  if  not  neceflary 

*  in   the  Grounds,  or  from  impatient  Temper  of 
4  Spirit ;   and  yet  in  other  Cafes,  (where,  as  the 
1  Ends  have  been  public  and  the  Intentions  upright, 

*  fo  the  Grounds   weighty,  the    Cafe  neceflary  in 

*  relation  to  thofe  Ends,  and  the  Proceeding  fober, 

*  temperatej   and   but  proportionable  to  the  Ends, 
k  Grounds  and  Neceffity)  a  juft  Aflertor  and  Pa- 

*  tron  of  the  Right,    and  Vindicator  of  the  hidden 

*  Truth    and  Simplicity,    of  the  Pretenders,  by  a 

*  glorious  Prefence  with  them,  and  Succefs  to  them 

*  in  fuch  Proceedings. 

*  Neither  wants  there  Ground  for  Men  to  make 

*  fome  Judgment  therein.     For   certainly  he  that 

*  engageth  upon  fuch   Pretences  really    for  public 

*  Ends,  and  but  upon  public  Neceffity  or  Extre- 

*  mity,  arfd  wi:h  a  fober  Spirit,  (all  which  muft 

*  concur    to  their   full   Juftification   therein)   will 

*  both  try  firft  all  honeft  Ways  poflible,  with  Safe- 

*  tyi  in  thofe  Ends,  whereby  he   may  p.ccomplifh 

*  them  and  avoid    the    Danger ;  if  poflible,  with 

*  due  Regard  to,  and  by  Concurrence  or  with  Pre- 
4  fervation  of,  the  Magiftracy   and    Government 
*-  under  which  God  hath  fet  him,  before  he  will 

*  fly  to  Ways  of  Extremity  :  neither  will  he,  when 

*  engaged    therein,  proceed    further  or   longer  in 
'  that  Way   againft   or  without   the   Magiftracy, 

*  than  that  firtt  Neceffity,  or  fome  other  Emer- 

*  gent  upon  the  Proceedings,  does  jnftly  lead,  and 

*  the  Security  of  the   Ends   require ;    not  driving 
4  that  Pretence  of  Neceffity  further  to  ferve  or  ad  - 

*  vantage   himfelf,    or    perpetuate  thofe   Ways  of 
4  Extremity  ;  but  when  the  Neceffity  or  Danger 

*  is  over,  and  the  public  Ends  fecured,  will  return 
4  to  Magiftracy  ?nl  Order  again  j   and  mean  while 
4  fo  adl  in  all,  as  carefully  to  avoid  both  Injury  to 

*  the  Innocent  and  Offence  to  the  Weak  ;   and  as 

L  2  fubjeiting 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

I.  *  fubjecling  or  expe&ing,  and  ready  to  fubjecft 
<  all  to  an  indifFerent  and  equal  judgment,  even  of 
'  Men,  if  and  when  it  can  be  found,  and  really  en- 

*  deavouring  to  find  it.     For  our  Parts,    both  pru- 

*  dential    Confiderations,  and  the  Experience  we 

*  have  of  the  Danger  there  is  in  the  leaft  breaking 

*  or  letting  loofe  or  entangling  the  Reins  of  Order 

*  and  Government,   upon   fuch  Pretences,  makes 

*  us  moft  tender  of  it,  as  that  which  is  never  other- 

*  wife  to  be  ufed  or  admitted  than  as  a  defperate 

*  Cure  in  a  defperate  Cafe,  and  at  the  utmoft  Peril, 
'  as  well  of  them  that  ufe  it,  as  of  thofe  for  whom  : 

*  And  the   Experiences    we   have   feen  of  God's 

*  righteous  Judgment  in  fuch  Cafes,  as  it  makes 
6  us  not  apt,  without  Trembling  and  Fear,  to  think 
'  of  fuch  Proceedings,  fo  much  the  more  ftricl  to 

*  obferve    all  the    aforefaid    Cautions    concerning 

*  them ;   and  yet*  where  juft  Occafion  and  a  real 
'  public  Neceffity  calls  thereunto,  not  to  fear  fuch 
'  Appeals  to  God  for  any  outward  Difficulties  or 

*  Dangers    appearing    to    ourfelves    therein  j    but, 
'  both  from  divine  and  human  Confiderations,  as 
'  we  do  and    ever  (hall  avoid    the   Occafions    by 
'  all  Means  poflible,  even  to  the  utmoft  Extremity, 

*  and  do  pray  and  hope  we  may  never  come  to  it  j 

*  fo,    if  ever  fuch  Extremity  do  happen  to  us,  we 

*  hope,  through  the  Grace   of  Godj  we  (hall  b» 

*  careful  and  enabled,  both   in  the  engageing  and 

*  proceeding  therein,  fo  to  a£l  as  before  the  Lord, 

*  and  to  approve  ourfelves  both  to  God  and  good 

*  Men,  and  as  fubmitting  to  the  Judgment  of  both  : 

*  'And  therefore,   though  we  are  full  of  fad  Appre- 
'  henfions  of  prefent   Dangers  to  the  public  In- 

*  tereft,  and  the  Extremity  even  at  Hand  ;  yet  we 
1  (hall   firft,  in    all  Humblenefs  and   Soberncfs  of 
'  Mind,  and  with  all  Clearnefs,  as  God  {hall  en- 
f  able  us,  remonftrate  to  you   our  Apprehenfions 

*  both  of  the  Dangers  at  Hand  and  of  the  Reme- 
'  dies,  with  our  Grounds  in  both. 

'  Firft,  therefore,  we  muft  mind  you  of  your 
'  Votes,  once  paft,  concerning  no  more  AddrefTes  to 
4  the  King,  ($V.  and  our  Engagement  to  adhere  to 


cf   ENGLAND.  165 

4  you  therein  :  Concerning  which  we  fhall  not  in-  An.  24  Car.  i. 
'  vite  you  to  look  back  to  any  Grounds  thereof,  t  I**8'  , 
'  further  than  to  what  yourfelves  declared  and  '  November. 

*  publifhed   thereupon  ;  and  what  we,    in  that  our 
4  Engagement,  did  fummarily  lay  down  as  our  Sa- 
4  tisfa£ion  therein  ;   we  fhall  only  wilh  it  may  be 
'  remembered    how    free  vou  were   therein,    and 
'  what  State  you  and  the  Kingdom  were  in  then, 

*  and  how  it  fared  with  you  thereupon,  untill  you 
'  began  to  recede  j    and  how  upon  and  fmce  your 
'  receding. 

*  For  the  firft  ;  whatever  evil  Men  may  flander- 
4  oufly  fuggeft  in  relation  to  other  Matters,  yet  in 

*  this   furely  pone  can  fay  you  were  acted  beyond 

*  your  own  free  Judgments ;  we  are  fure,   not  by 
4  any   Impulfion   from  the   Army  ;   fmce  nothing 

*  that  ever  paft  from  us   to   you  before  did  look 

*  with  any  Afpe&  that  Way  j   but  rather  to   the 

*  contrary    (we    may  fpe.ak    it  with    Sorrow   and 

*  Shame,  in,  relation  to  that  Unbelief  or  Diftruft 

*  in  Go4   and  thofe  carnal  Fears  of  public  Diftur- 

*  bance  from  which  we  had  before  been  a£led  fo 
1  much  the  other  Way)  ;    fo  that,   in  that  Parti- 
4  cular,  the  juft  Refolutions   of  this    Houfq   did 

*  not  only  lead  us,    but  help  to  reclaim  us,  from 
'  Thoughts    tqo    much    wandering   the   contrary 

*  Way. 

4  For  the  latter ;  you  may  remember,  that  when 
c  you  took  thofe  Refolutions,  Difcontent,  even  to 
c  Diftra&ion,  did  abound  all  the  Kingdom  over, 

*  in  the  People,  for  the  Burden  of  numerous  and  un- 
4  fettled  Forces,  and  the  Oppreflion  of  free  Quarter 

*  by  them  •,   and,  in  the  Soldiers,  for  Want  of  Pay 
4  and   Satisfaction  or   Security  in  Point  of  Arrear^ 

*  and  Indemnity  their  Difcontents  increafmg  with 

*  their  Arrears :  AnJ  indeed  the  Soldiery,  (in  re- 
<  gard  thereof,  and  of  fome  harfh.  Provocations  to 

*  them,  and  your  former  Uncertainty  in  any  Way 
*,  of  Settlement)    fomething  loofe  towards  your- 

*  felves  and  their  proper  Government,   and  difpo- 

*  fed  too  much  to  Difturbances  amongft  themfclves  : 
-    \  But  upon  thofe  Refolntions  of  yours  againft  any 

L  3  *  further 


Parliamentary  HISTORY 

n.  *4Car.  I.  «  further  Addrefles  to  the   King,  &c.    (which   all 

l6*g-     t  «  Men  underftood    to  imply    fome  further  Intenr 

November.     '  tiotis  of  Proceeding  in  Jnftice   againft  him,   and 

'  fettling  the  Kingdom  without  him)  immediately 

*  the  Unfettlednefs  of  Men's  Minds  and  Jealoufies 
'  of  feveral  Parties  (concerning  one's  Compliance 

*  with    and   feeking  Advantage  from   the   King's 
'  Party  againft   the  other)   were   greatly   allayed, 

*  and    (together  with    his  Opportunities  and   Ad- 
'  vantages  to  cajole,  or  infmuate  with,  one  or  other) 

*  did  feem  to  be  taken  away  ;    and  it  pleafed  God 
4  inftantly  to  lead  you  into  fuch  other  CoUnfels 
'  and  Ways,  whereby  the  Burden  and  Grievances 
'  of  free    Quarter  were    immediately    taken    off, 

*  fupernumerary    Forces    di{banded    the   reft    put 

*  into  an   eftabliftied  Way  of  Pay,  the  Arrears  in 
'  fome  Meafure  fecured,  and  further  Growth  there- 
'  of  prevented  ;  the  Diftempers  amongft  the  Sol- 

*  diery  quieted,   and  they   refettled  in   good  Order 
'  and  Difcipline  ;  and  their  Hearts,  with  all  honeft 
'  ?.nd  fober  Men?  firmly  knit   unto  you  ;   and  the 
'  whole  Affairs  of  the  Kingdom  in  an  hopeful  Po- 
'  fture  for -a  Settlement. 

'  But  when  the  Houfe  being  called,  as  it  were, 

*  on  Purpofe  for  a  Settlement,  inftead  thereof,  up- 
'  on  what  Jealoufies  of  fome  amongft  yourft;lves  % 
'  what  private  Animofities,   Envyings,    and  vin- 

*  di(Stive  Defires  of  others,    giving  up  themfelves, 

*  with  a  total  Neglect  of  the  common  and   public 
«  Intereft;  to  mind  particular  Interefts  and  Parties ; 

*  and  to  feek  and   take  Advantages   againft  their 
'  Oppofites  even  from  hoped,  if  not  formed,  Com- 

*  pliances  of  common   Enemies,   and  A  ppi:;: ranees 

*  trom  foreign  Parts  on  their  Behalf,  whereby  t<^ 

*  work  out  Revenge  againft  thofe  they  immediately 
'  maligned  ;  or  from  what   crafty  Infmuations   of 
1  corrupt  Members,   and  a! way  falfe  to  the  public 

*  Intereft,  or  upon  what  other  evil  Principles,  we 
c  are  unwilling  to  remember  or  imagine  j   when, 
4  we  fay,   upon  thofe,  inftead  of  a  Settlement  up- 

*  on  the  former  Foundation,  you  began  to  enter- 
'  tain  Motions  tending  to  the  Unfettlement  of  what 

'  yon 


^ENGLAND.  167 

'  you  had  refolved ;  and  when,  by  that  Uncertainty  An.  24  CM.  r. 

*  and    Unfettlednefs  of  Councils  appearing  within        l648' 
'  yourfelves,  and  the  anfwerable  Infinuations  and 

'  Influences   of   feveral    Members,     according    to 
'  their  feveral  Bents  and  Defires  unto  their  refpec- 

*  tive    Correfpondents    and    Friends    abroad,    the 

*  Minds  of  Men,  without  alfo,  became  proportion- 

*  ably  unfettled,  tofled  too  and  fro  with  various  Ap- 
'  prehenfions  and  Expectations  which  way  Things 
'  would  bend,  and  all  to  fee  fuch  vaft  Uncertain- 

*  ty  of  any  Settlement  or  End  of  Troubles  upon 
'  the  Parliamentary  Account  alone  ;  then,  and  not 
'  till  then,  began  the  Generality  of  the  People  to 
4  be  apt  for  any  new  Motions,  efpecially  fuch  as 
'  looked  towards  a  Settlement  any  way  ;  and  then 

*  began  your  Enemies  to  conceive  frcfh  Hopes  and 

*  Confidences,    and    beftirred    themfelves    accord- 

*  ingly,    to  work  your  Trouble   and    their    own 

*  Advantages;  The  moft  fubtle  and  foberof  them, 

*  diflembling  the  Intereft  of  their  own  Party,  and 

*  referving  that  at  the  Bottom  as  clofe  and  unfeen 

*  as  might  be;  and  taking    their  Rife  even  from 

*  that  Unfettlednefs,  and  thofe  Grounds  of  Jea- 

*  loufies  and  Divifion  they  found  amongft  your- 

*  felves,    and    the    feveral    Parties    pretending   to 
'  Parliamentary  Intereft;  and  from  that  Difpofition 

*  they  found  in  one  Party  by  any  Means  to  take 

*  Advantage  and  Revenge  a,gainft  the  other ;    they 

*  made  Pretences,  partly  of  public   Interefts  and 

*  partly  of  the  very  particular  Interefts  of  that  Party 

*  which  they  found  moft  difcontented  amongft  your- 

*  felves,  the   Foundations  whereupon  to  raife  new 
4  Difturbances,  and  therein  to  engage  a  numerous 

*  and  mixt  Party  ;  but  upon  fuch  Grounds,  and  in 

*  fuch  a  Way,  wherein  the  Intereft  of  the  King  and 
'  his  Party  were  fo  incorporated  throughout,  as  that 

*  the  Profecution  of  all  the  other  Interefts  pretended, 

*  in  the  Way  that  was   laid,  (hould  carry  on,  and 

*  at  laft  fet  up,  that  of  the  King's  and  their  own 

*  above  all  others. 

'  Thus  the  Army,  which,  after  all  poffible  Trials 

*  and  Temptations,    they  found    would  never  be 

L  4  *  won 


1 68  ¥he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An  1.^  Car.  I.  «  won  to  be  their  Friends,  fo  as  to  defcrt  the  Par- 

1648      •  *  ^amentai7   an<*    Public     Intereft   to    fcrve   their 

'^November.      '  Turns,    being  therefore  induftrioufly    by  them, 

*  with  the  Futherance  of  difcontented  Parties   a- 

*  mongft  your  Friends,,  rendered  the  only  common 

*  Enemy  ;  and  they  themfelves,  as  it  were,  Friends 

*  to  all  but  it,  and  that  fuppofed  Party  in  Parlia- 
'  ment  and  Kingdom  that  cordially  upheld  it ;  they, 

*  and  their  bufy  Promoters  of  Petitions  (ftirred  up' 

*  by  their  Emiflaries  or  Agents  in  all  Counties,  for 
'  the  engaging  and  cementing  of  this  new-formed 
*-and  intended  general  Party),  being  all  taught  the 
'  fame  Language,  at  firft  profefs  fair  for  the  Par- 

*  liament,  or  nothing  aga;nft  it ;    but  to  be  for  a 
'  full  and   free  Parliament,  and  to  deliver  it  from 

*  the  Force  of  an  Army,  pretend,  for  the  Liberty  of 

*  the  Subject:  alfo,  to  free  them  from  the  Oppref- 
'  fion  and  Tyranny  of  an  Arm,y  ^  to  be  for  t  e  Law 

*  of  the  Land  againft  the  arbitrary  Power  of  a  Fac- 
4  tion   in  Parliament,    fetting  up   and    ifupporting 
'  themfelves  above  Law  by  the  P*>wer  of  an  Army  j 
'  whereas,  in  Truth,   their  great  and  lateft  Quar- 

*  rel  againft  the  Army  was,  That  it  would  not  force 
'  the  Parliament  to  comply  with  the  Will  andlnter- 

*  eft  of  the  King,  to   the  Prejudice  of  the  King- 

*  dom's  Liberties,  and  of  the  Power  of  Law  therein, 

*  nor  defert  the  Parliament  in   their  Adheren.ce  to 
'  thefe  againft  the  King, 

'  They   pretended  likewife  to  be   much  for  the 
'  Eafe  of  the  People  ;  to  free  them  from  Taxes  and 

*  Contributions  to  an  Army  ;  to  be  for  the  Settlc- 
'  ment  of  Peace  in  the  Kingdom,  that  there  might 
'  be  no  need  of  an  Army  ;  whereas   it  was  indeed 
'  their  reftlefs  Workings,  and  watching  all  Advan- 
'  tages,  by  Parties  within  this  Kingdom  or  foreign 

*  Aids,  to  fet  up  their  own  and  the  King's  Intereft, 

*  to  the  Ruin  of  the  Parliament  and   Enflaving  of 
«  the    Kingdom,   that   did  neceffitate  the   Parlia- 
'  ment  to  continue  an  Army  and  Taxes  to  main- 
'  tain  it. 

*  They  pretended  for  Religion  too,  and  for  Re- 
1  formation,  and  the  Covenant,  againft  an  Army 

'  of 


of   ENGLAND.  169 

'  of  Slftaries  t:nd  Oppofers  thereof;    yea,  they  yet  A°-  **  Jar 

4  pretended  cvt-n  for  the  Army  itfelf,  as  to  the  Body  v 4  ' 

*•  of  it,  and  all  but  a  Faction  of  Officers  in  it,  fup-     November. 
'  porting  themfelves  in  Power  and  Dominion  by  it, 
'that   the  Army  might  be   fatisfied  their  Arrears, 
\  and  go  home.     And,    for    all    thefc    fair    Ends, 

*  presuming  upon   the   Parliament's   Unfettledncii 

*  and  Weaknefs,  as  notable,  or  not  knowing  h,ow, 

*  to  provide  for  any  of  thefe  Things  of  thcmfelve$ 

*  without  the  King,  a  perfonal  Treaty  with   the. 
'  King  miift  be    held  forth  as  the  only  ibvereign 
«  Salve. 

4  Thus  the  People  being  made  to  depend  mainly 

*  upon  the  King  for  all,  and  his  Intereft  made  ne- 

*  ceffary  to  all,  the  other  Pretences  were  but  made 

*  Ufe  of  to  jfcrVe  his  Ends,  and  an  eafy  Way  made 
f  to  fet  up  him  and  his  Intereft  above  all. 

'  As  to  the  'Hypocrify  of  thefe  Pretences  we  need 
'  fay  nothing  more;  the   Lord  himfelf  in   our  Si- 

*  lence    (even  when  by  fuch  Pretexts,    and   their 
4  quick  Proceedings    upon  them,   they  had   rhauo 
'  fuch  engageing  Work  for  us  in  all  Parts,   as  gave 

*  us  no  Leifure  to  fay  any  Thing  for  the  undecei- 

*  ving    of   Men,  or   vindicating   ourfelyes,    or   fo 

*  much  as  to  make  any  public  verbaj  Appeal  to  him 
4  for   it)  hath  yet  from  Heaven  judged  'them,  and 
^  borne  a  clear  Teftimony  againft  them  in  defcat- 
4  ing,  with  a  fmall  Handful,   the  numerous  Parties 

*  they  had  thus  engaged  within  the  Kingdom,  and 
'  drawn  from  elfewhere,  under  the  very  fame  Pre- 
4  texts,  to  invade  it ;  and  breaking  the  Force  of 
4  thofe    Defig'ns,1  fo   dunningly  and   takingly  laid, 
'  and  fo  ftrongly  back'd  with  Advantages,  as  it  was 
4  fcarce  imaginable,  in  human  Reafon,  all  Things 
4  confidered,  how  to  aVoid  them.  .• 

4  But  however,  working  upon  that  Unfettlednefs 

*  in  the  People's    Minds,   which  trie    Uncertainty 

*  and  Divifions  in  your  own  Councils   had   occa- 
4  fioned  ;  and  having  the  Advantage  of  that  gene- 
4  ral    Difpofition,    in  a    burthened    and  troubled 
'  People,  to  entertaio   any    Motions,   and   follow 

'     *  any 


1 70  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

n.  »A  Car.  1, «  any  Party,  pretending  to  end  their  Troubles  and 

j^          \ ,  '  eafe  their  Burthens  againft    the  prefent  Party  in 

November.      *  Power  from   whom  immediately  they  apprehend 

*  them,  they  made  a  Shift  to  engage  Multitudes  to 

*  petition  for  thefe  Things ;  and  thence,  under  the 

*  Pretence  of  freeing  the  Parliament  from  Force, 

*  to  raife  Arms  and  levy  War  aojainft  it,  at  beft, 
c  to  inforce  their  Petitions  ;  and,    under  the  No-? 

*  tion  of  freeing  the  People  from  Taxes  to  the  Par- 

*  liament  and  Quarter  to  the  Army,  to  make  them 
'  incur  greater  Charges  and  Burthens  for  the  King 
'  and  his  Party  ;  and,  by  with-holding  their  Taxes 

*  from  the  Parliament,  to  neceflitate  Free-Quarter 

*  again  upon  themfelves,  which  before  they  were 

*  delivered   from ;    and,  under  the  Notion  of  fet- 

*  tling  Peace  and  the  Liberties  of  the  Kingdom,  to 

*  break  that  we  had  ;  and  engage  the  People  in  an- 
'  other  War  on  the  King's  Behalf  againft  the  Par- 

*  liament  and  their  own  Liberties,  and   to  get  his 

*  Party,  with  Commiffions  derived,  from  him,  into 
«  the  Conduit  and  Management  of  it. 

*  But  whilft  therein,  with  open  Force,   they  do 
-       *  their  utmoft  to  deftroy  and  fubdue  you,  they  omit 

*  not  the  driving  on  of  that  fureft  Part  in  their  De- 

*  fign,    a  Perfonal  Treaty,  to  deceive  you,     To 

*  promote  which  they  had,   befides  numerous  and 
'  daily   Petitioners  fcom    all    Parts,   deluded    and 
4  drawn  in,  by  the  aforefaid  fpecious  Pretences,  thq 
'  deluded  Multitude  and   Rabble  about  the  City, 

*  with    the  old  Malignants,  new  Apoftates,    and 

*  late  difcontentcd  Party,  both  in  the  City  and  Par- 

*  liament  itfelf  j  the  one  at  your  Elbows,  the  other 

*  in  your  Bofoms,  prefiing  you  incefiantly.     The 

*  Lords,  in  every  Thing  relating  to  the  Treaty, 

*  clofmg  readily  with  the  Defires  of  the  City  Ma- 

*  lignants,  the  Prince,  and  all  your  Enemies  ;  and, 

*  in  their  Votes  for  the  fame,  going  before  you, 

*  and  haling  you  after ;  altho'  in  Things  concern- 

*  ing  the  Profecution  of  the  War  in  your  own  and 

*  the   Kingdom's  neceflary  Defence,  efpedally  in 

*  declaring  with  you  againft  thofe  vifible  Enemies 

4  *  and 


of 


ENGLAND,  171 


*  and  A£ors   therein,  the  Scots  Army  and   others,  An-  2*  £"' 

*  they  would  neither  lead  nor  follow.     And  when     t    *_*  '    t 

*  at  any  Thing  propounded  towards   the  Treaty,     November. 

*  wherein  you  found  the  very  Life  of  your  Caufe 

*  and  the  Kingdom's  to  be  concerned,  you  were 

*  loath  to  give  up  that  ;  and  thereupon  made  fome 

*  Stick,  then  clamorous  Petitions  for  a  Concur- 
'  rence  came  thick  from  the  City,  with  Menaces 

*  infmuated;    many    debauch'd   Reformadoes,    the 

*  defperate    Cavaliers,  and   rude   Multitude  about 

*  the  Cily,   ring  in  your  Ears  with  Railings  and 
'  Treats  ;    many   faithful    Members     particularly 

*  frighted    or    driven  out  of  Town  ;  Forces  lifted 

*  and  gathering  daily  about  you,  and  this  the  City 
4  neither  taking  Courfe  to   reftrain,  nor  fuffering 
'  their  Major-General  to  do  it  ;  but  oppofing  and 
'  incountering  his  and  your  Authority  in  what  he, 
4  by  it,  attempted  for  your  Safety  and  Freedom  ;  and 
f  thefe  Courfes  never  ceafed  until  you  had  fully  agreed 

*  to  a  Perfonal  Treaty,  on  fuch  Terms  as  his  Ma- 

*  jefty  himfelf  was  pleafed  to  entertain. 

4  By  tnefe  Means,  and   fuch   continued  Ufage 

*  from    the  City  and    thofe    in  and   about  it,  (at 
'  whofe  Mercy  you    were  while  your  Army  waj 

*  engaged  at  a  DifUnce  atrniaft  your  Enemies  in 
'  Arms)  by.  that  Time  God   had   broke  all  their 

*  Forces,  delivered  moft  of  them  into  your  Hands, 
4  and  crufti'd  all  their  Hopes  of  availing  that  Way, 

*  we  find   them  at  laft  drawn  into  this  milerable 
'  Inconvenience  of  a  Perfonal  Treaty  with  him  and 
4  his  Adherents,  who  had  fo  long  and  inceflantly 
'  tried  all  Interefts,  and  wearied  all  Friends  in  this 

*  and  many  foreign  Nations,  by  Force  to  deitroy 

*  or  fubdue  you.     In  which,  though  we  fee  more 

*  utter  andj^fs  avoidable  Danger  to  the  Kingdom's 

*  Caufe,    and  to  all  the  godly  and  hone  ft  People 

*  engaged  with  you,   than  before,  in  your  loweit 

*  or  worft  Conditions,  we  ever  yet  apprehended  ; 
'  yet  confidering,    the  Premises,    and   how   great 

*  the  Change  is  from  the  Votes  of  no  more  Ad-? 
'  drcfles,  to,  (not  your  wonted  politive  fending  of 
'  Propofitions  anew,    but)    a  Treaty,   a  Perfonal 

4  Treaty 


7 he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Treaty,  without  any  previous  Satisfaction  or  Sc~ 
curity  j  and  a  Treaty  upon  what  Propofitions  he 
November.      *  fliould  make,  as  well  as  your  own ;    all  which 
'  both  Houfes,  yea,  both  Kingdoms,  have  fo  often, 

*  and  always  before,  declined,  voted,    and  declared 
'  againft,  as   delufive  and  dangerous,    yea  deftruc- 
'  tive,    while   the  Parliament  was  unqueftionably 

*  rnoft  free. 

*  We  cannot  but  conceive  that  at  that  Time, 
<  and  in  thofe  Refolutions  for  fuch  a  Treaty,  the 

*  Judgment  of  Parliament  was  not  with  due  and 

*  former  Freedom  :  And,  therefore,  not  defpairjng 

*  but  that  as  Men  drawn  or  driven  into  dangerous 
'  Straits,  you  may  readily  entertain,  or  at  leaft  fa- 

*  vourably  refent,  any  Thing  of  Light  or  Encou- 

*  ragement  that  may  be  offered  towards  the  faving 

*  or  extricating  of  yourfelves  and  thofe  you  are  in- 

*  trufted  for ;  we  fhall,  with  all  Plainnefs  and  Faith  • 

*  fulnefs.  reprefent  to  you  our  Conceptions  where 

*  the  main  Danger  feems  to  lie,  and  where  any ' 

*  Way  to  efcape  ;  and,  we  hope,  'twill  be  thought 

*  no  Arrogance  in  us  or  Difparagement   to  your 
'  Wifdoms,    fmce  Lookers    oh    may  pofiibly   fee 

*  fomething  the  Gamefters  do  not. 

«  For  the  Evils  and  Dangers    of  this  Perfonal 

*  Treaty  :  Had  it  been  admitted  to  be  indeed  with 

*  the  King's  Perfon  in  Parliament,  efpecially  at  Lon- 
'  don^  and  in  a  full  Condition  of  Honour,  r-reedbm, 

*  and  Safety,  (which  had  implied,  that  after  all  the' 
'  Trouble,    Lofs,   Hazard,    and    the    Expence    of 
•*  Blood  and  Treafure,    he  had  put  the  Kingdom 
«  unto,   he  fhould  be  admitted  to  his  Throne  and 

*  Office,   without  any  Satisfaction  before  given  for 

*  what  was  paft,  or  Security  againft  the  like  in  fu- 

*  ture)  the  Evil  and  Danger  thereof  had  been  fo, 

*  viable,   as  nothing  had  need  to  have  been  faid  to 
'  unfold  it.     As  it  is  now  admitted   and   qualified 

*  for  Circumftances,    (the  Cafe  beina;   as   it  has 

*  pleafed  God  to  make  it,  that  the  King  has  no 
4  Power  in  the  Field,  whereby  to  take  Advantages 

*  during  the  Treaty)  we  (hall  fay  nothing  to  any 
*•  Dangers  of  that  Kind,  fuppofmg.no  Agreement, 

«  fave 


^ENGLAND.  173 

c  fave  to,wifh  you  to  confider  the  Opportunities  of An>  **  ^ 
'  laying  Defigns  for  his  Efcape,  or  otherwife,  and  of  t      '  *  ' 
'  fettling  future  Correfpondences,  which  the  Com-     November. 
'  pany  and  Confluence  of  fuch  Perfons  about  him 

*  does  afford ;    but  we  {hall  chiefly  confider   the 

*  great  Evil  or  Danger  of  feeking  to  him  by  Trea- 

*  ty,  in  your  prefent  Cafe,  arid  of  an  Agreement 

*  or   Accommodation    to    be  thereby    made   with 
4  him,  including  his  Impunity  and  Reftitution  .to 

*  his  Freedom,  Revenue,  Dignity,  Office,  or  Go- 
'  vernment. 

«  Now,  as  to  that  the  great  Queftions  will  be*       ( 
I/?,  *  Whether,    as   your  and  this    Kingdom's 
c  Cafe  (lands,  fuch  an  Accommodation  would  be, 
'  i.  Juft  or  good,  and   fo  defirablej  or,  if  not, 

*  where  the  Injuftice  or  Evil  lies  ?    2.   Whether 
'  fafe,  and  to  be  admitted  j  or,  if  not,  where  the 
'  Danger  lies  ? 

2<//y,  *  Admitting  that,  upon  fome  Suppofition$, 

'  it  might  be  good  or  fafe,  Whether  yet  it  can  be 

-  c  fo,  or  fuch  a  one  can  be  had  in  the  Way  and 

*  Conditions  of  this  Treaty,  as  the  Cafe  ftands  ? 

4  If  either  in  the  general,  or  in  refpedt  of  your 
4  and  the  Kingdom's  prefent  Cafe,  and  of  the  Way 

*  and  Conditions  of  this  Treaty  it  cannftt  be  fafe, 
'  then  it  concerns  the  Parliament  not  to  admit  fuch 

*  an  Accomodation  or  Agreement  upon  this  Treaty  ; 

*  and,  though  it  may  be  fafe,  yet,  if  it  be  otherwife 

*  evil  or  not  good,  then  you  have  no  Reafon  but  to 

*  ufe  any  Freedom  or  juft  Grounds  remaining  to 
'  decline  it. 

4  To  thefe  Queftions  therefore,  becaufe  the  Safe- 
4  ty  or  Danger,    Good   or    Evil,    in  queftion,   is 

*  chiefly  in  relation  to  the  public  Intereft  of  the 

*  Kingdom,  and  not  fo  much  to  particular  Men's, 
4  (though  even  the  particular  Safety  of  fuch  as  have 
4  engaged  for  the  Public  is  not  to  be  negle&ed)  to 
4  lead  ourfelves  and  others  to  the  clearer  Judgment 
4  in  the  Point,  we  fhail  premife  a  ftating  of  the 
c  public  Intereft  in  queftion,  in  Oppofition  to  the 
4  King's,    and  of  his  particular,  Intereft   oppofed 
«  thereto. 

4  The 


i  74  tte  Parliamentary  Pi  I  s  T 

An.  a*  Car.  I.  *  The  Sum  of  the  public  Intereft  of  a  Nati6n# 
^1648.  ^  c  jn  relation  to  common  Right  and  Freedom, 
November.  *  wn'c^  nas  been  the  chief  Subje6t  of  our  Conteft* 

*  and  in  Oppofition  to  Tyranny  and  Injuftice  of 
c  Kings  or  others,  we  take  to  lie  in  thefe  Things 

*  fdllowing  : 

i/?,  '  That  for  all  Matters  of  fupreme  Truft,  or 

*  Concernment  tb  the  Safety  and  Welfare  of  the 
c  whole,  they  have  a  common  and  fupreme  Coun- 

*  cil  or  Parliament ;  and  that  as  to  the  common 
'  Behalf,  who  cannot  all  meet  together  themfelvesj 

*  to  coniift  of  Deputies  or  Repreferiters^  freely  cho- 

*  fen  by  them,  with  as  much  Equality  as  may  be  ; 

*  and  thofe  Elections  to  be  fucceffive  and  renewed^ 

*  either  at  Times  certain  and  ftated,  or  at  the  Call 

*  of  fome  fubofdinate  (landing  Officer  or  Council 

*  intrufted  by  them  for  that  Purpofe,  in  the  Intervals 

*  of  the  Supreme,  or  elfe  at  both. 

2^/y,  '  That  the  Power  of  making  Laws,  Con- 

*  ftitutions,  and  Offices,  for  the  Prefervation   and 
'  tjovernment  of  the  whole,  and  of  altering  or  re-'' 

*  pealing  and  abolishing  the  fame,  for  the  Remo- 

*  val  of  any  public  Grievance    therein,    and   the 

*  Power  of   final    Judgment  concerning   War  or 

*  Peace,  the  Safety    and  Welfare  of  the   People, 

*  and  all  Civil  Things  whatfoever,  without  further 
c  Appeal  to  any   created  (landing  Power,  and  the 

*  fupreme    Truft  in   relation   to  all  fuch  Things, 

*  may  reft  in  that  fupreme  Council :  So  as, 

1.  *  That  the  ordinary  Ordering  and  Government 

*  of  the  People  may  be  by  fuch  Offices  and  AdmiJ- 
'  niftrations,  and  according  to  fuch  Laws  and  Rulesj 
'  as,  by  that  Council,  or  the  Reprefentative  Body 

*  of  the  People  therein,  have  been  prefcribed  or 
'  allowed,  and  not  other  wife. 

2.  *  That  none  of  thofe  extraordinary  or  arbi- 

*  trary   Powers  afore-mentioned  may  be  exercifed 

*  towards  the  People  by  any,  as   of  Right,  but  by 

*  that  Supreme  Council,  or  the  Reprefentative  Body 

*  of  the  People  therein  ;  nor  without  their  Advice 
'  and  Confent  may  ajby  Thing  be  impofed  upon, 

*  or  taken  from,  the  People  ;  or  if  it  be  otherwife 

~  '  attempted 


of   E  N  O  L  A  N  D.  175 

*  attempted  by  any,  that  the  People  be  not  bound  An;  24.  Car.  I. 

*  thereby  but    free,   and  the  Attempters    punifh-  v 

*  able. 

3.  '  That  thofe  extraordinary  Powers,   or  any 

*  of  them,  may  be  exercifed  by  that  Supreme  Coun- 

*  cil,  or  by  the  Reprefentative  Body  of  the  People 
'  therein  ;  and  where  they  fhall  fee  Caufe  to  afTume 

*  and  exercife  the  fame,  in  a  Matter  which  they 
£  find  neceffary  for  the  Safety  or  Well-being  of  the 
'  People,    their    Proceedings    and  Determinations 
'  therein  may    be    binding    and  conclufive  to  the 

*  People,  and  to  all  Officers  of  Juftice  and  Mini- 

*  fters  of  State  whatfoever  ;  and  that  it  may  not  be 
'  left  in  the  Will  of  the  King,  or  any  particular 
'  Perfons  (landing  in  their  own  Intereft,  to  oppofe, 
'  make  void,   or  render  ineffectual  fuch  their   De- 

*  terminations  or  Proceedings  ;  and  efpccially,  fmce 
'  the  having  of  good  Constitutions,  and  making  of 
'  good  Laws,    were  of  little   Security    or  Avail, 
1  without  Power  to  punifh  thofe  that  break  or  go 

*  about  to  overthrow  them  ;   and  many  fuch  Cafes 
'  may  happen,  wherein  the  former  Laws  have  not 

*  prescribed  or  provided  fufficiently  for  that  Pur- 

*  pofe,  or  the  ordinary  Officers  intruftcd  therewith 
4  may  not  be  faithful,  or  not  able,  duly  to  execute 
'  fuch    Punimments    on  many  Offenders    in  that 
1  Kind  ;  that  therefore  the  fame  Council  or  Repre- 

*  fentative  Body,  therein,  having  the  fupreme  Truft, 

*  in  all  fuch  Cafes  where  the  Offence  or  Default 

*  is    in  public  Officers,    abufing    or  failing  their 

*  Truft,  or  in  any  Perfon  whatfoever,  if  the  Of- 
'  fence  extend  to  the  Prejudice  of  the  Public,   may 

*  call  fuch  Qffen.lers  to  Account,    and  diftribute 

*  Punimments    to  them,    either   according  to  the 
'  Law,  where  it  has  provided,  or  their  own  Judg- 

*  ment  where  it  has  not  -,  and  they  find  the  Offence,' 
'  though  not  particularly  provided  againft  by  parti- 
6  cular  Laws,  yet  againft  the  general  Law  of  Rea- 

*  fon  or  Nations,  and  the  Vindication  of  the  pub- 

*  lie  Intereft,   to  require  Juftke ;  and  that,  in  fuch 

*  Cafe,  no  Perfon  tv-hatfoeverfmay  be  exempt  from 

*  fuch  Account  or  PunUhmeql,  or  have  Power  to 

I 


176  The  P'arHamtnf'ary  H  i  s  T  o  R  ir 

An.  24  Car.  I.  <  protect  others  from  their  Judgment,  or,  without 

«-    .'  *      *    '  their  Confent,  to  pardon  whom  they  have  judged. 

Korember.          *  Thcfe  Things  contain  the  Sum  or  Main  of 

4  public    Intereft  ;    and    as  they  are  the  ordinary 

*  Subject  of    Civil  Conteft    in    all    mix'd  States, 

*  where  they  happeri  betwixt  the, People  and  thofe 
4  that  have  afTurned  of  claimed  a  ftanding  Privilege 

*  or  Prerogative  over  them,   fo  they,  have  been  in 
4  this  of  ours.     And  againft  thefe  Matters  of  pub- 

*  lie  Intereft,  this  King  hath,  all  along  his  Reign, 
4  oppofed,  and  given  himfelf  up  to  uphold  and  ad- 

*  vance  the  Intereft  of  his  and  his  Pofterity's  Will 
4  and  Power;  firft$  That  .there  mightbe.no  fuch 
4  Coinmon-Councilj  no.  Parliaments  at  all  to.  re- 

*  ftrain  or  check  him;  but  that  all  .thefe  Matters 
*"  cif   fupreme    Truft,    fconcerning    Safety  and  all 
'  Things  e!fe,  might    reft  in  him  and  his  Bread 

*  alone,  without  Limit  from,  or  Account  to,  any 
'  on  Earth  ;  and  that  all  thofe  extraordinary  and 

*  arbitrary   Power    over    the  People,   their  Laws, 
4  Liberties,    Properties,    yea,    their    Perfons    and 
4  Confciences  too  might   be  exercifed  at  Pleafure 
'  by  himfelf,  and  fuch  as  he  pleafed  to  derive  the 
'  fame  unto:  And  as  they   were  aflumed,   fo  how 
'  vaftly  and  fadly  ill  they  wentf  exertifed   by  him, 
f  to  the  Prejudice  and  Oppreflion  of  the  Pe  pie  in 
'  general,  and  the  Ruin  or  Pcrfecution  of  all  the 
4  Godly  of  the  Land ;  yea,  even  of  thofe  that  were 

*  but  fober    and  honeft   to  Civil  Intereft  ;   furely 

*  (unlefs  the  greater  Preffu res  he  hath  fincc  wrought 

*  himfelf  or  brought  upon  us,  by  neceifitating  the 
4  Parliament    thereunto,    have    (wallowed  up    the 
4  farmer  in   Oblivion)  we  need  not  yet  make  any 
4  verbal  Remembrance. 

*  To  fupport  himfelf  in  that  State  or  Height  of 
'  Tyranny,  and  make  it  abfolute,  he  raifed  his  firft 
4  and  fecond  Armies  againft  his  People  in  both 
4  Kingdoms  ;  when  he  found  he  could  not  keep  up 
c  to  that  Height  to  have  all  thofe  extraordinary 

*  Powers  and  Matters  of  fupreme   abfolute  Truft 

*  in  himfelf  alone,  then  he  fell  to  play  lower ;  that 
4  at  leaft  none  of  them  might  be  exercifed  by  any 

4  'other 


^ENGLAND,  177 

*  other  without  him,  nor  not  by  all  the  Truftees  of  A"-  *4  Car.  r. 

*  the  Land,  nor  in  any  Cafe,  tho'  ever  fo  necefTary     t    ;6<^  ^ 

*  for  the  Relief  or  Saving  of  the  People ;  that  if,     November* 

*  according  to  his   former  Claim,   his  People  and 
4  Parliament  would    not    admit    him  pofitively  to 

*  opprefs  or  dcftroy  them  at  his  Will,  yet,  by  this 

*  latter,  they  fhould  have  no  Power  to   redrefs  a 
4  Grievance,    to  provide  for  the   Freedom,  Wel- 

*  fare,  or  fo  much  as  immediate  Safety,  of  them- 

*  felves  or  the  Kingdom,  but  at  and  according  to 
4  his  Pleafure  ;  and  for  this,  when  the  Parliament 
4  did  othervvife  aflame  in  point  of  immediate  Safety 

4  and  Punifhment  of  Delinquents  without  him,  he     / 

*  raifed  his  third  Army,  and  held  them  up  fo  long 

*  and  fo  much,  to  the  Spoil  and  near  Defolation  of 
4  the  Kingdom,  till  God  wholly  broke  them,   and 

*  brought  himfelf  Captive  into  yoUr  Hands.     And 

*  in  this,  though  he  raifed  them  with  the  Pretence 
4  only  of  oppofmg  the  Exercife  of  thofe  extraordi- 

*  nary  and   arbitrary  Powers  by  yourfelves,  or  any 
4  other  without  him,  which  would  not  be  allowed 

*  himfelf  to  exercife  alone;  yet,  in  the  raifmg  and 
'  having  raifed  that  Force,  he  did  by  it  aflame  and 
4  exercife    all     Kinds    of    abfolute    and    arbitrary 
4  Powers  at  his  own  Will  alone  without  Parliament ; 

*  and   how  much  further  he  would   have  gone  in 

*  Exercife  of  the  fame,  had  he  prevailed  as  you,  we 
4  may  eafily  imagine. 

4  But  as   to  that  Part  of  his  Claim  againft  the 

*  public  Intereft,  viz.     That  there   might  be   no 

*  Power    in  Parliament    to  provide  for  immediate 
4  Safety,  or  do  ought  elfe  for  the  People,  but  at 
4  and  according  to  his  Will,    how  ebftinately,  even 
4  fince   God  gave  him  and   his  Party  wholly   into 
4  your  Hands,    hath  he  maintained  and  perfifted  in 
4  it  ?  Even  fo  long  as  from  foreign  Parts  or  Alljes, 
4  from  Irijh,  Scots,  from  your  own   Divifions4  or 
4  Difcontents  of  the  People  at  the  Burthens  he  ne- 
'  cefiitated  you  to  continue  upon  them,  he  had  any 
4  Hopes,  by  Force,  to  prevail  anainft  you,  or  avoid 
4  any  Conceflion  againft  that  Claim  :   And  of   this 
4  his  fo  many  Denials  to  the  Propofitions  t>f  Peace, 

VOL.  XVIII.  M  4  which 


1 78  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

•  24.  Car.  1. <  which  both  Houfes  and  both  Kingdoms  have  (b 
1648.  «  often  tendered  and  renewed,  yea  of  thofe  four 

~0£lober  '  '  onty  Bills,  concerning  purely  that  Public  Intereft, 
«  and  but  a  fmall  Part  of  it,  together  with  effential 
«  Precautions  for  a  Treaty,  do  afford  abundant 

*  Evidence  :  As  to  which  laft  Tender,   it  is  appa- 
'  rent  he  had  no  Pretext  left  for  Refufal,   from  ei- 
4  ther  Scruple  of  Confcience,  Matter  of  Harfhnefs 
'  to  his  Party,  or  ought  elfe,  but  the  meer  Intereft 

*  of  Will  and   Power  to  himfelf  and   his,  which 

*  fome  Scott  and  other  Correfpondences,   it  Teems, 

*  then  gave  him  Hopes  yet,  by  Force,  to  uphold  ; 
'  infomuc'h  as   upon  that  Refufal,    added  to  all  the 
'  former,   you  found  it  neceflary  at  laft  to  take  up 
'  thofe  Resolutions  of  no  further  Addrefles  to  him, 
'  but  to  fettle  the  Peace  of  the  Kingdom  without 

*  him,  and  fecure  it  and  yourfelves  againft  him  ; 

*  and,   in  order  thereto,  to  keep  his  Perfon  in  fafe 
«  Cuftody  at  Cariflrcok'e  Cajlle. 

'  But  when,  his  other  Claims  fo  far  failing,  it 
^  came  to  this,  he  that  before  would  not  have  al- 
'*  lowed  the  Parliament  or  Kingdom  a  Power  for 
'  Safety  but  at  his  Will,  would,  at  leaft,  make 

*  you  know   that  neither  you   nor  the  Kingdom 
c  fhould    have   any  Peace  or  Quiet  without  him  ; 

*  and   that  neither   Parliament  nor  any  Power  on 

*  Earth,   whatever  Ills  he  had  done,  might,   for  it, 

*  attach  or  meddle  with  his  Sacred  Perfon ;   no  not 

*  fo  much  as  to  fecure  him  from  Opportunities  of 

*  doing  more  :  And  for  this  laft  Part  of  his  Intereft 

*  his  fourth  Army,  the  laft  War,  was   raifed  by 
'  Commiflions  from  himfelf  to  the  Prince,   and, 
'  from  him,  to  as  many  more  as  would  take  any ; 

*  and   for   the  fame  the   Scots  Invafion  was    pro- 

*  cured. 

'  The  Pretext  or  Quarrel  in  this  laft  Engage- 

*  ment  feemed,  as  it  were,  to  reach  no  higher  than 
'  only  to  refcue  his  privileged  Perfon,  and  force  the 

*  Parliament  yet,   in  a  Perfonal   Treaty,  to  feek 

*  Peace  at  his  Will ;  and  to  let  them  fee  they  could 

*  not  otherwife  have  it,  nor  might  do  ought  againft 

*  his  Perfon,  no  not  to  fecure  him  from  doing  fur- 

~*  they 


of   E  N  G  L  A  jST  t>.  179 

*  ther    Mifchief,  though  he  make  War  and  refufe  An.  44  Car.  I, 
1  Peace  never  fo  long.  1648. 

«  And  for  this  laft  Piece  of  his  Intereft,  as  op-s  .T   v  '.    |J 
4  pofite  and  deftruftive  to  that  of  the  public  as  any 
4  of  the  former,  though  a   Divine  Teftimony  has 

*  been  borne  againft  it,  as  full  and  more  glorious, 
4  if  poffible,  than  before  againft  any  of  the  reft ;   as 
'  if  God  would  thereby  declare  his  defigning  of  that 
4  Perfon  to  Juftice ;  yet  the  Parliament,   after  all 

*  this,  reftoring  him,  without  any  Pre-fatisfaclion 
4  or  Security,    unto  a  Kind  of  Liberty  and  State* 
4  only  that  he  might  appear  in  a  Capacity  to  treat  j 

*  and  then,  by  Treaty,   feeking  their  Peace,   and 

*  all    their  Matters,    before   contended    for,    and, 
4  through  God,  gained  againft  him,  to  come  now 
4  as  Conceffions   from    his  Will,   do  clearly  yield 

*  back  that  laft  Piece  of  his  claimed  Intereft  into 

*  his  Hands  again  ;  and  indeed  therewith,  feem  to 

*  render  a  more  real  Acknowledgement  and  yield- 
4  ing  to  him,  both  againft  Parliament  and  King- 

*  dom,  as  to  the  precedent  juft  Right  of  whateve; 

*  is  now  demanded,  or  granted,   as  from  him,  than 
'  all  his  verbal  wrefted  Conceffions  or  Confeffions 
'  will  be  underftood  to  be,  uhto  Parliament  or  King- 
'  dom,  as  to  any  future  Clearing  or   Afliirance  of 
4  thofe  Things. 

*  But,  to  return  to  our  Purpofe.    The  Matters  a- 

*  forementioned  being  the  main  Parts  of  Public  In- 
'  tereft  originally  contended  for  on  yoar  Parts,    and 

*  theirs  that  engaged  with  you,  and  thus  oppofed 
'  by  the  King  for  the    Intereft   of  his  Will  and 

*  Power,   many  other  more  particular   or   fpecial 
4  Interefts  have  occafionally  fallen  into  the  Conteft 

*  of  each  Party  ;   as  firft,  on  the  Parliament's  Part, 
c  to  protect  and   countenance  religious  Men  and 
«  Godlinefs   in  the  Power  of  it ;   to  give  Freedom 

*  and  Enlargement  to  the  Gofpel,  for  the  increa- 
4  fing  and  fpreading  of  Light  amongft  Men  ;  to  take 
4  away  thofe  corrupted  Forms  of  an  outfide  Re- 
4  ligion   and    Church-Government,    whether    im- 
'  pofed  without    Law,   or  rooted  in  the   Law   irl 

*  Times  of  Pofhip  Ignorance  or  Idolatry,  or  of  the 

M  2  '  4  Gofpel's 


1 8o  ne  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  z4Car.  I.  <  Gofpel's  dimmer  Light;  by  Means  whereof  Snares 

v  ll     ' ,    4  and  Chains  were  laid  upon  confcientious  and  zea- 

November.     *  l°us  Men,  and  the  Generality  of  People  held  in 

*  Darknefs,  Superftition,  and  a  blind  Reverence  of 
'  Perfons  and  outward  Things,  fit  for  Popery  and 
4  Slavery  ;  and  alfo  to  take  away  or  loofen  that 
'  Dependance  of  the  Clergy  and  Ecclefiaftical  Af- 
'  fairs   upon   the   King,  and  that  Intereft   of  the 

*  Clergy  in  the  Laws  and  Civil  Affairs,   which  the 
c  Craft  of  both  in  Length  of  Time  had  wrought 
'  for  each  other  ;  which  feveral  Things  were  the 

*  proper  Subject  of  the  Reformation  endeavoured  by 

*  the  Parliament. 

4  Contrary  wife,  on  the  King's  Party,  their  Intereft 

*  was  to  tlifcountenance  and  fupprefs  the  Power  of 

*  Godlinefs,  or   any  thing  of  Conference  obliging 
4  above  or  againft  human  and  outward  Conftitu- 
4  tions ;   to  reftrain  or  lefTen  the  Preaching  of  the 
'-Gofpel  and  Growth  of  Light  amongft  Men  ;  to 
4  hold  the  Community  of  Men,   as  much  as  might 
'  be,  in  a  darkfome  Ign  jrance  and  Superftition,   or 
'  Formality  in  Religion,  with  only  an  awful  Re- 
'  verence  of  Perfons,  Officers,  and  outward  Difpen- 
4  fations,  rendering  them  fit  Subjects  for  Ecclefia- 
4  ftical  and  Civil  Tyranny  ;   and,  for  thefe  Ends, 

*  to  advance  and  fet  up  further   Forms  of  Super- 
'  ftition,    or  at   leaft  hold  faft  the  old   which   had 
'.  any  Foundation  in   the  Laws,   whereby  Chains 
'  and  Fetters  might  be  held  upon,  and  Advantages 
'  taken  againft,  fuch  in  whom  a  Zeal  or  Confcience 

*  to  any  thing  above  Man  (hould  break  forth  ;  and 
4  to  uphold  and   maintain  the  Dependance   of  the 

*  Clergy  and  Church  Matters  upon  the  King,  and 
"  the  Greatnefs  of  the  Clergy  under  him  ;   and,  in 

*  all  thefe  Things,  to  oppofe  the  Reformation  en- 

*  deavoured  by  the  Parliament. 

*  Alfo,  on  the  Parliament's  Party,  their  Intereft, 

*  as  well  as  Duty,  was  to  discountenance  Irreligion, 
•  '  Profanenefs,  Debauchery,  Vanity,  Ambition,  and 

4  Time-ferving  ;   and  to  prefer  fuch   efpecially   as 
4  were  otherwife  given,  viz.  Confcientious,  ftricl 

*  in 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  181 

'  in  Manners,  fober,  ferious,  and  of  plain  and  pub-  An-  24  Car- 

*  lie  Spirits.  ,__ 

'  Contrary  to  thefe,  on  the  King's  Party,  it  was     November. 
'  to  countenance  or  connive  at  Profanenefs,  Loofe- 

*  nefs  of  Manners,   Vanity  and  Luxury  of  Life  ; 

*  and  prefer  efpecially  fuch  as  had  a  Mixture  of 
4  Ambition  and  vain  Glory  with  a  fervile  Spirit, 

*  rendering  them  fit  to  ferve  another's  Power  and 

*  Greatneis,  for  the  enjoying  of  fome  Share  therein 
'  to  themfelves  ;    in  all  or  moft  of  which  RefpecSh, 

*  it  has  been  the  great  Happinefs  and   Advantage 

*  to  Parliamentary  and  Public  Intereft,  that  it  hath 

*  been  made  one  with  the  Intereft  of  the  Godly, 

*  or,  for  the  Name  whereof  it  has  been  fo  much  de- 

*  rided,  the  Saints ;  as  on  the  ether  Side,  the  King's 
'  hath  been  made  one  with  their  greateft  Oppofites  ; 
'  by  Occafion   whereof  God  hath  been  doubly  en- 
«  gaged  in   the  Caufe,  viz.  For  that,  and  for  the 
'  Righteoufnefs  of  it.    And  to  this  indeed,  through 
'  the  Favour  and  Prefence  of  God  therewith,  the 

*  Parliament  hath  Caufe  to  own  and  refer  the  Blef- 

*  fmg  and  Succefs  that  hath  accompanied  their  Af- 

*  fairs ;    which,    accordingly    as    they   have   held 

*  fquare,  and  been  kept  clofe  to  this,  have  prof-^ 
'  pered  glorioufly  ;  and,  (wherein,  or  fo  oft  as  this 
c  hath  been  thwarted,  fwerved  from,  or  neglected 
'  in  their  Manage)  have  fuffered  miferable  Blaft- 
'  ings. 

*  Thus  have  we  endeavoured  to  give  a  juft  and 

*  plain  State  of  the  Parliamentary  or  Public  In- 

*  tereft,  and  the  feveral  Parts  of  it,  and  of  the 

*  King's  in  Oppofition  thereto,  which  have  been 

*  the  Ground  or  Subject  of  Contefts  all  along  this! 
'  King's  Reign  ;   and   efpecially  fince  this  Parlia-j 
'  ment  began,  as  may    appear  in    the  Beginnings, 

*  Progrefs  and  feveral  Steps   of  the  Conteit :  And, 
'  by  what  hath  been  occasionally  faid  herein,   fome 

*  Judgment  may  -be  made,   how  far  fafe  or  good* 
'  the  Accommodation  is  like  to  be  that  can  be  ex- 

*  pefted  by  the  prefent  Treaty.     But  the  feveral 

*  and  oppofite  Interefts  being  thus  ftatcd,  we  mail 

M  3  *  pro- 


1 82  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.  «  proceed  more  clearly  to  fpeak  a  little  to  the  Qjie- 
L     l6**'     ,  «  ftions  ftated  before  : 
November.         '  ^»A  therefore,  as  to  the  Goodnefs  (which  firft 

*  implies  the  Juftnefs)  of  fuch  an  Accommodation, 
'  we  cannot  but  fuppofe, 

i.  *  That  where  a  Perfon,  trufted  with  a  limi- 

*  ted  Power  to  rule  according  to  Laws,   and  by  his 
'  Truft,  with  exprefs  Covenant  and  Oath  alfo,  ob- 

*  liged  to  preferve  and  protect  the  Rights  and  Li- 

*  berties  of  the  People,  for  and  by  whom  he  is  iri- 

*  trufted,  (hall  not  only  pervert  that  Truft,   and 

*  abufe  that  Power   to  'the  Hurt  and  Prejudice  of 
'  the  Generality,  and  to  the  Oppre0ion,  if  not  De- 
'  ftruction,  of  many  of  them  ;  but  alfo,    by   the 

*  Advantage   of  that  Truft  and   Power  he   hath, 

*  ftiall  rife  to  the  affuming  of  hurtful  Powers  which 
f  he  neyer   had  committed   to  him  ;     and   indeed 
'  take  away  all  thofe   Foundations  of  Right  and 

*  Liberty,   and  of  Redrefs  or  Remedy  too  which 
'  the  People  had  referved  from  him  ;    and  to  fwal- 

*  low  up  all  into  his  own  abfolute  Will  and  Power  j 

*  to  impofe  or  take  away,  yea,   to  deftroy  at  Plea- 

*  fure  ;    and  declining  all  Appeal  herein  to  the  e- 

*  ftablifhed  equal    Judgment,    agreed    upon    as  it 

*  were  betwixt  him  and  his  People  in  all  emergent 
'  Matters  of  Difference  betwixt  them,  or  to  any 
'  Judgment  of  Men  at  all,    (hall  fly  to  the  Way 

*  of  Force  upon  his  trufting  People  ;   and  attempt 
4  by  it  to  uphold  and  eftablifh  himfelf  in  that  ab- 
'  folute  tyrannical  Power  fo  aflumed  over   them, 
'  and  in  the  Exercife  thereof  at  Pleafure  j  fuch  a 

*  Perfon,  in  fo  doing,  does  forfeit  all  that  Truft 

*  and  Power  he  had  ;   and,  abfolving  the  People 
'  frem  the  Bonds  of  Covenant  and  Peace  betwixt 
'  him  and  them,  does  fet  them   free  to  take  their 
^  beft  Advantage  ;  and,  if  he  fall  within  their  Power 
'  to  proceed  in  Judgment  againft  him,  even  for  that 

*  alone,  if  there  were  no  more. 

2.  That   if  after  he  is    foiled  in   fuch  an  At- 

*  tempt,  brought    to  quit    that  Claim,  to  confefs 
f  hjs  QfFence  therein,  and  give  them  forne  verbal 

'  and 


gf   ENGLAND.  183 

c  and  legal  Afiurances  of  Remedy  and  future  Se-   An-  24  Car- 
'  curity  ;  and  his  Parliament  and  People  thereupon  t       1468- 

*  remitting  or  willing    to  forbear    that  Advantage     November. 
'  againtt  him,  the  fame  Perfon,  fo  foon  as  he  finds 

'  himfelf  a  little  freed  from  the  Advantage  which 
'  drew  thofe  Confeflions  and  Conceffions  from  him, 

*  (hall  go  about  to  avoid  or  overthrow  all   again  j 

*  fhall  deny  them  neceflary  Redrefles  or  Security  ; 

*  flop  or  oppofe  them  in  going  thereabout ;  deny 

*  them  all  Power  either  of  Redrefs   or  immediate 

*  Safety,  but  at  and  according  to  his  Will ;  and  af- 

*  fume  the  Power  to  avoid  and  oppofe  any  thing 

*  they  {hould  do  without  him,  who  had   fo  lately 

*  forfeited  all  the  Power  he  had  unto  them  ;  and 
'  for  all  this  fly  to  Force  again ;  raife  it  without 
'  Limit ;    by  it  protect  Delinquents  from  judicial 

*  Proceeding ;  and  refume  and  exercife  again  alone, 

*  even  fitting  a  Parliament,    all  the  exorbitant  and 

*  unlimited  Powers  he  had  fo  lately  difclaimed  ;  pro- 

*  claim  that  Supreme  Council,  by  which  he  ought 

*  to   govern    himfelf  and   the  Kingdom,  Traitors 
c  and  Rebels,  who  had  indeed  fo  lately  indulged 

*  him  his  firft  Treafon  and   Forfeiture  -3   and,  on 

*  thefe   Terms,    maintain  a  War  many  Years  a- 
c  gainft  them,  to  the  fpilling  of  much  Blood,  and 

*  Defolation  or  Spoil  of  a  great  Part  of  the  King- 

*  dom ;  try  all  Means  and  Interefts,  by  Divifions  and 

*  Parties  ftirred  up  within,  and  Invafions  from  a- 

*  broad,    to  lengthen  it  out  longer ;   and  aft€r  he 
'  was  fubdued,  wholly  in  their  Power  and  at  their 
'  Mercy,  to  revive  and  renew  it ;  multiplying  Di- 
'  fturbances,  and  never  ceafmg  till  he  had  wearied 

*  all  Friends  in  his  own  and  neighbour  Nations,  or 

*  folong  as  any  Hopes  were  left  whereby  poffibly  to 

*  prolong  it ;  and  ail  this  meerly  to  upMold  the  In- 
'  tereft  of  his  Will  and  Power  againft  the  common 

*  Intcreft  of  his  People  j    fuch  a  Perfon  in  fo  doing 

*  (we  may  juftly  fay  is  guilty  of  the  higheft  Trea- 
c  fon  againft  the  higheit  Law   among   Men,   but 

*  however)  muft  needs  be  the  Author  of  that  un- 

*  iuft  War ;  and  therein  guilty  of  all  the  innocent 

M 


184  Vfa  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Blood  fpi'it  thereby,  and  of  all  the  Evils  confequent 

or  concomitant  thereunto. 

4  Now,  to  afiume  hereupon,  whether  the  King 
4  has  not,  in  the  fame  Cafe,  aded  all  thefe  Things 
4  and  more,  we  dare  appeal  to  the  Story  and  Evi- 

*  dericc  :  If  he  has  not,  or  can  juftly  alledge  and 
4  make  it  appear,  that  what  he  has  a£ted  thereof 

*  has  not  been  for  the  Intereft  of  his  Will  or  Power, 

*  or  not  againft  the  public    Intereft  of  his  People  ; 

*  or  that  -the  Parliament,   or  any  particular  Party 
4  in  the  Kingdom,  have  raifed  or  continued   the 

*  War  for  private  Interefts  of  their  own,  and  not 
4  for  that  public  Intereft  of  the  Kingdom,  which 
'  we  have  before  ftated;  but  that  they  might  have 

*  had  all  that  cleared  and  allured  to  the  Kingdom 
'•  with  Quietnefs,  and  would  not  accept  it ;  let  him 
4  then  be  acquitted  in  Judgment,   and    the  Guilt 

*  and  Blame  be  laid  where  elfe  it  is  due.     But  if 
'  indeed  he  hath  acted  fuch  Things,   and    in  fuch 

*  Cafe,  as  before  expreft,  and  all  for  the  particular 
4  Intereft  of  his  Will  and  Power  againft  the  Pub- 

*  lie  Intereft  of  the  Kingdom  ;  then,  (without  Men- 

*  tion  orConfideration  of  ought  he  has  done  againft 
4  God  and  Godlinefs,  or  godly  Men ;   and  tho'  we 
4  have  tquch'd  but  a  few  of  thofe  many  moral  or 

*  civil  Evils  acted  by  him,  which  have  been  judged 
4  capital  in  feveral  of  his  Predeceflors  from  whom 
4  he  claims,  yet)   from  that  alone  which  is  before 
4  fpoken  of,  we  may,  without  Need  of  his  late  im- 

*  plicit  Confeffion,    conclude  that  he  has  been  the 
f  Author  and  Continuer  of  a  moft  unjuft  War  j  and 
4  is  confequently  guilty  of  all  the  Treafon  it  contains, 
4  and  of  all  the  innocent  Blood,  Rapine,  Spoil,  and 
4  Mifchief  to    the    Kingdom  acted    or  occafioned 

*  thereby ;  and  if  fo,  how  far  the  public  Juftice  of  the 
f  Kingdom  can  be  fatisfied,  the  Blood,  Rapine,  &c. 
4  avenged  or  expiated,  and  the  Wrath  of  God  for 

*  the  fame  appeafed,  without  Judgment  executed 

*  agaiuft  him  j   and  confequently,   how  far  an  Ac- 
4  commodation  with  him,   implying  a  Reftitution 
?  pf  him,   when  God  had}  given  him  fo   clearly 

4  intq 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  1^5 

*  into  your  Power  to  do  Juftice,  can  be  juft  before  An.  *+ r*r-  T- 

*  God,  or  good  Men,  (without  fo  much  as  a  judicial 

*  Trial,  or  evident  Remorfe  appearing  in  him  pro- 
c  portionable  to  the  Offence)  we  thus  recomme*nJ  to 
'  your  faddeft  and  moft  ferious  Confideration,  wha 
'  muft  one  Day  be  accountable  for  your  Judgments 
'  here  on   Earth,  to  that  which  is  the  higheft  and 

*  moft  juft. 

c  Indeed  both  as  to  the  Juftnefs  and  public  Benefit 
'  of  fuch  an  Accommodation,  we  mail  confefs,  (if 
'  there  were  good  Evidence  of  a  proportionable  Re- 

*  morfe  in  him,   and  that  his  coming  in  again  were 
'  with  a  new  or  changed  Heart,  as  to  thefe  Things 
4  he  hath  formerly  fought  againft,  and  from  thofe  he 
e  hath  contended  for,  his  Offence  being  firft  judged 

*  according  to  Righteoufhefs)    his  Perfon  might  be 
'  capable  of  Pity,  Mercy,  and  Pardon  ;  and  an  Ac- 

*  commodation  with  him^    with    a    full   and    free 
'  yielding,  on  his  Part,  to  all  the  aforefaid  Parts  of 

*  Public  and    Religious  Intereft  in  Conteft,  might, 
'  in  charitable  Conftruction,  be  juft,   poffibly  faie 
1  and  beneficial :   Or  if  in  the  Heat  of  War,  before 

*  God   had   fo   clearly   given  his  double  Judgment 
1  r.gainft  him  in  the  Caufe,    or  delivered  him  into 

*  your  Hands  for  yours  ;   and  while  Affairs   ftood 

*  in  fome  equal  Balance,  you  then  in  Love  of  Peace, 
4  which  'tis  good  to  feek  with  all  Men,    and  for 

*  faving  a   further   Blood-fhed   and  Mifery   to  the 
'  Kingdom,  (which   in  that  Cafe  you  could    not 
'  otherwife  avoid)    had,   upon  a  full  Provifion  for 
'  the  Matters  in  Queftion,  and  good  Security  for 
'  the    future  againft   him^  made  a  Peace,  by  Ac- 

*  commodation   with  him,   as  by  your  many  Ad- 
?  dreffes    you    endeavoured,    it    might   have    been 

*  excufable    in    Point    of  Prudence  ;    though  you 

*  had  incurred  a  more  remote  future  Hazard,    be- 

*  caufe    thereby    you    had    avoided    another    more 
4  immediate  and  p relent ;   yea  the  Hazard  had  been 
1  lefs,   bccaufe    to  what   he    had  then  agreed,  ail 

*  Men  would  have  accounted    him  bound,   beini; 

*  then  unqueftionably  free  ;  and  the  Point  of  Jufticc 
f  had  not   then  been  fo  clearly  required   at  your 

«  Hands, 


1 86  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  Z4  Car.  I.*  Hands,  becaufe  not  yet  altogether  in  your  Power. 
l6^'  *  But  as  this  whole  latter  Suppofidon  is,  by  Trne 

November.  *  and  the  good  Hand  of  God  towards  you,  excluded 
'  the  Cafe,  fo  neither  is  there  any  colourable  Ground 
'  for  the  former,  but  Evidence  of  the  contrary:  For, 
f  as  to  that  only  Colour  of  any  Change  of  Heart 

*  in  him,  which  his  implicit  Confeffion  of  a  Fault, 

*  in  yielding  to  your  firft  Propofition,  does  import ; 
e  firft,   how  flight  and  (lender  that  Confeffion   is, 
'  the  Tenor  of  that  Propofition  may  fJbcw  ;    and 

*  yet,  had  he  timely,  freely  and  clearly,  confefled 

*  but  fo  much,  as  from  Conviction  or  Remorfe,  or 
'  from  a  Scnfe  of  the  Hand  of  God  againft  him, 

*  or  had  left  us  but  a  Ground  of  Charity  to  believe 

*  it  fo,  we  fhould  have  thought  ourfelves  bound  to 

*  regard  it  with  proportionable  Tendernefs  towards 
'  him  ;  or  at  leaft,  fhould  have  thought  it  not  in- 

*  genuous  nor  ChrifHan  to  take  Advantage,  from 

*  fuch  Confeffion,  the  more  to  profecute  him  for 

*  it ;  but  having  fo  long  and  obftinately,  both  in. 

*  Word  and  Practice,  till  now,  denied  it ;  and  ne- 

*  ver  confeft  it,  untill  all  his  other  Ways  of  Force, 

*  Policy,  or  Fraud,  whereby  he  hath  attempted  to 

*  juftify    himfelf,    had  failed  him ;    and  no  other 

*  Shift  left,   but  by  this  forced,  yet  feeming  yield- 
'  ing,  Acknowledgement  to  fave  himfelf  and  de- 

*  lude  the  People,   untill  he    can  find  or  work  out 
'  fome  new  Advantage ;  and  confeffing  it  now  but 

*  conditionally,  viz.  So  as  you  agree  with  and  fa- 
'  tisfy  him  in  other  Things  j  which  Kind  of  Con- 
'  feffion,  where  the  Matter    in  QuelHon  is  con- 
'^cerning  true  or  falfe,  juft  or  unjuft,  and  extend- 
c  ing  to  Innocency   or  horrid    Sin,  does   feem  to 

*  imply  fuch  Hypocrify  as,  we  think,  was  never 
'  yet  fo  proclaimed  before  God  and  the  W^orld  : 
'  And  when,    at  the  fame  Time,    while  thus   ia 
c  Words  he  confefieth  it,  yet  in  Practice  he  denies 
'  it  (till,   by  his  continuing  and  not  recalling  his 
c  Commiffions  to  the  Prince  and  other  Englljb  Re- 

*  bels   and   Revolters  ;  yea  to  Qrmond  and    his  af- 
4  fociated   Irijh  Rebels  alfo,  all  which  are  fo  con- 

*  trary  to  that  verbal  Confeffion  \  and  by  his  try- 


of    ENGLAND.  187 

e  ing  all  Interefts  ftill   to  make  a.Party  againft  it  ;   An.  24.  Ca?.  I. 
'  in  this  Cafe,  it  were  Stupidity,  rather  than  Cha-     l    1  fc4" '    j 

*  rity,  nay  indeed  we  think  a  Wrong  to  his  Inten-     November. 
'  tions,  to  undcrftand  that  Confeflion  as  from  in- 

'  ward  Remorfe  or  Conviction  :  So  that  as  the  Cafe 
4  ftands,  it  goes  only  fo  far  as  may  ferve  for  further 
'  Ground  of  Condemnation  againft  him  ;  but  not 
'  at  all  of  Satisfadlion  from  him. 

*  And  admitting  no  fuch  Change  or  Conviction, 

*  even  when  there  are  verbal  Confeflion  s  and  Con- 
'  cefnons  carrying  a  Semblance  thereof,  but   that 

*  his  Reftitution  would  be  with  the  fame  Principles 

*  and  Affections,  both  as  to  Civil  and  Religious  In- 
'  terefts,  from  which  he  hath  acted  the  paft  Evils  ; 
'  and,  after   fome  former  like  Acknowledgements 
'  and  Agreement,   hath  returned  to  the  fame  Byafs 
'  upon    his  next  Advantages  ;    then,    befides  the 
'  Unrighteoufnefs  of  the  Accommodation  and  Re- 
'  admiflion,  which   is  before  already  cleared  ;  and 
«  befides  Matter  of  Danger,  which  we  (hall  fhew 
'  in  its  Place,  we  defire  all  good  Men  to  confider 
'  it  as  to  the  other  Point,  the  public  Benefit. 

'  And  here,  what  Fruits  can  be  hoped  from  fuch 

*  a  Re-union  or  renewed  Communion  betwixt  thofe 
'  Contraries  God  hath  once  fo  feparated,  viz.  Of 
'  Principles  or  Affections  of  Liberty,  with  Prin- 
'  ciples  of  Tyranny  ;  Principles  of  public  Intereft, 

*  with  Principles  of  Prerogative  and  particular  In- 

*  tereft  ;  Principles  of  Zeal  and  the  Power  of  God- 

*  linefs,  with  Principles  of  Formality  and  Superfti-r 
'  tion  in  Religion;  we  might  fay  indeed,  of  Light 
'  with  Darknefs,  of  Good  with  Evil,  as  would  be 

*  implied  in  his  Reftitution  ;  to  be,  as  it  were,  your 
c  Head,  your  King  again,  and  to  have  that  high  Truft 

*  and  Influence  in  relation  to  our  Peace,  Rights, 

*  and  Liberties,    civil  and  religious,  with  the  fame 
'  Principles  and  Affections  from  which  he  hath  fo 

*  much  and  fo  long  oppofed  them  ?    For,    if  his 

*  Kingly  Office  be  not  of  Ufe  or  Truft  in  relation 
'  to  them,  what  needs  his  Reftitution  ?    If  it  be, 

*  then  this  Doubt  holds  juft, 

« Next 


Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o.  R  y 

«  Next,  to  the  other  Part  of  the  preceeding  Que-' 
<  ftion,  tt/z.  Concerning  the  Safety  of  an  Agree  - 
November  ment  for  his  Reftimtion,  efpecially  fuppofing  no 
'  real  Remorfe  or  Change,  but  ftill  the  lame  Piin- 
f  ciples  and  Affections  j  although  in  the  Terms  of 
'  the  Accommodation  and  Reftitution,  you  had  a 

*  more  ample  Conceffion  of  the  Public  Intereft  in 
'  Queftion  than  you  are  like  to  have  when  he  hath 
'  granted   all  you  have  demanded,   and  as  full  Se- 
'  curity  for  future  Obfervance  of  the  Agreement 

*  as  \Vords  or  Letters,  yea  Oaths,  can  give  ;  and 
'  though  we  might   fuppofe  him  as  true  and  juft 
'  in  the  Obfervance  of  fuch  an  Agreement  as  other 
'  Kings  or  Princes  (once  given  up  unto,    and  en- 
'  gaged  upon,  fuch  Principles  and  Ways  of  Tyran- 

*  ny  or  Self-intereft)  ufe  to  be  ;  yet,  firft  in  general, 
4  we  might  make  a  juft  Appeal  to  the  Experience 

*  of  Ages  and  Nations,  what  Danger  there  is  in  any 

*  fuch  Accommodations,  both  to  the  Public  Intereft 
'  in  Conteft,   and  to  the  Perfons    or  Parties  that 
'  have  engaged  for  it ;    and   we   might  challenge 

*  all  Story  for  one  Inftance  in  the  like  Cafe,,  viz. 

*  Where  any  fuch   King,   claiming   and  afluming 
4  fuch  Powers  and   Prerogatives   over  a  People  be- 

*  yond  his  Bounds  ;  and,  upon  Oppofition  from  the 

*  People  therein,    flying  to  Force  ;  and,   in  a  War 

*  upon  them,    endeavouring  to  gain   the  fame  by 

*  Conqueft  ;  but  inftead  thereof  lofmg  both  what 

*  he  fo  claimed,  and   all  he   had  before  in  a  full 
c  Conqueft,  on  their  Parts,   over  him  ;  we  fay,    in 

*  fuch  Cafe,    we   would  fain  fee  an  Inftance  where 

*  ever,  after  fo  long  a  War,   fo  much  Blood  fpilt, 

*  and  fuch   Spoil  made,  the  People  having  at  laft 
'  wholly  fubdued  him,  and  gained  their  own  Caufe 
4  in  that  Way  of  Force  and  Conqueft,  to  which 
'  he  had  fo  appealed,  and  having  him  and  his  Par-* 
'  ty  captivated  and  in  their  Power,  did  either  will- 
'  ingly  fubjedl  all  to  Qiieftion   again   in   a  Treaty 
'  with  him  of  their  own  tendering  ;   or  by  it  feek 
'  both  that  Public  Infereft,  (or  rather  but  a  flender 
*:  Portion  of  that  which"  God  had  fo  wholly  and  free- 

My, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  189 

c  ly,  by  his  righteous  Judgment,  given  unto  them)  An-  24  ^dr-  r« 

*  and  even  their  own  Safety  and  Indemnity  there- 
'  with,  to  be  all  had  as   Conceflions  or  that  their 
4  Enemy's   Hand  ;   and  deeming  him  as  a  Perfon 
4  not  punilhable   or   accountable  for  whatever  Evil 
'  he  had  endeavoured  or  done,    to  reftore  him  up- 
'  on  fuch  Conceflions  to  his  Throne  again  ;  we  fay, 

*  we  would  gladly  have  a  parallel   Inftance,  where 
'  ever  indeed  any  People,   before  this,  were  in  the 
4  like  Cafe  given  up  to  fuch  a  prepofterous  and  felf- 

<  defeating  Way  ;  or  an  Inftance  of  almoft  any  Ac- 
«  commodation  of  the  like  Kind  at  all,  with  a  Re- 

<  admiflion  of  fuch  a  Perfon  to  the  fame   Office, 
«  State,    and  Revenue,   with  the  leaft  Shadow  of 
8  the  fame  Power,  or  to  the  leaft  Footing  therein, 
«  upon  the  fame  Account  or  Claim  of  Right,  on 
«  the  Foundation  whereof  he  had    before  afl'umed 

*  fuch  Powers  ;   where  fuch  Accommodations  ever 
6  proved  fafe  either  to  the  Public  Intereft  in  Con- 

*  teft,  or  to  'the  Perfon s   engaged  therein ;  or  did 
«  not   prove  ruinous  to   the  one  and  the  other,  or 
1  at  leaft   end   in   the  Irruptions  of  new  and  more 
4  bloody  and  bitter  Contefts  about  the  fame  Things, 

<  either  in  the  fame  or  fucceeding  Age,  and   thofe 

<  with  more  Hazard  and  Difadvantage  to  the  Pub- 

*  lie  Intereft  and  Party  adhering  thereto,    than  the 
4  former  j  or  where  indeed  any  People  contending, 

*  and  once  engaging  in  War  againft  a  Tyrant  for 

<  their   Liberties,  did  ever  fully  redeem  and  hold 
«  the  fame  with  a  Re-admiflion  of  him  ;  or  with- 

*  out,  firft  or  laft,  difclaiming  and  renouncing  all 
4  Dependance  on  him,  or  Accord  with  him  for  the 
'  fame  ;    and  an   utter  Rejection,  Expulfion,  and 

*  Depofure,  either  of  his  whole  Race,  and  all  that 

*  claimed  upon  the  fame  Account  of  Right,  or,  at 
'  leaft,  of  his  particular  Perfon ;  and  Execution  of 

*  Juftice  upon  him,  if  he  fell  within  their  Power. 

'  With  this  latter  Way  of  proceeding  we  have 
c  heard  of  many  Inftances  of  People  fully  recover- 

*  ing  their  Liberties,  and  happily  retaining  the  fame; 

*  but,  without  it,  or  in  the  former  Way  of  Accom- 

*  modation  and  Reftitution,  we  have  not  heard,  or 

5  *  read, 


1 96  ¥he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.   <  read,  of  any  fo  fucceeding.     There  is  abunda/U 
,    '  Experience  to  teach   us  how  ordinary,   yea,    we 

*  may  fay  conftant,  a  Thing  it  has  been  for  Kings 

*  and  Princes  in  fuch  Cafes,  when  they  could  not 

*  prevail  in  the  Way  of  Force,  to  leave  that,  and 
'  apply  themfelves  by    Fraud  to  accomplifh  their 

*  Ends  and  Wills  upon  the  People  ;  and  when,  in 

*  fuch  Contefts  with  them  by  the  Sword,  they  have 
'  been  brought  into  Straits,  then  to  cry  up  Peace  ; 
'  and,  under  that  glorious  Golden  Bate,  which  the 

*  People,  wearied  with  War,  and   the  troublefome 

*  and  chargeable  Concomitants  thereof,    are  moft 

*  apt  to  catch  at,   having  drawn  them  into  Ways 
'  of  Accommodation,  to  make  fome  feigned  Yield- 

*  ing-tip  of  thofe  Prerogatives  and  Advantages  they 
'  find  they  cannot  hold  ;  and,    by  large  Promifes, 

*  Conceflions,  and  Aflurances  on  any  Terms,  to 

*  make  Agreements  with  them,  whereby  to  quiet 

*  the  People,  and   get  themfelves  into  the  Throne 
4  again  ;  and  yet  afterwards,  upon  their  next  Ad- 
'  vantage,   to  break  and  make  void  all  again,  and 

*  profecute  fuch  Advantages,  to  the  Overthrow^both 

*  of  the  Public  Intereft,  and  thofe  that  had  cngag'd 
'  for  it,  without  Regard  of  Faith  or  Oath,    further 
f  than  Neceflity  hath    held    them  thereto,   where 
'  any  Advantage  for    the  accompliming   of  their 
'  Ends  hath  led  them  to  a  Breach.     How  apt  firft 

*  fuch  Princes  are  to  this,  and  next  how  eafy  it  is 

*  for  them,    when  they  find  Advantages,  to  find 
4  Occafions    alfo,   and   pick  Quarrels    to    make  a 

*  Breach,  even  with  a  colourable  Saving  to  their 
'  Faith  and  Honour,  engaged  in  fuch  Agreements  ; 

*  and  laftly,   how  eafy  alfo,  after  tftey  are  fo  got 

*  into  the  Saddle  again,    and  the  People,   by  their 
'  fair   Conceflions,    Promifes,    and   Engagements, 
c  lull'd  into  a  Security,   to  find  or  work  out  fuch 
4  Advantages  to  themfelves  ;  and  profecute  them  to 

*  greater  Prejudice  both  of  the  Public  and  the  par- 
'  ticular  Perfons  engaged  for  it,  than  before  fuch 
'  Contefts  begun,  or,  without  fuch  Accord  there- 
'  upon,  they  could  have  done  ;  as  Experiences  do 

*  abound,    fo  there  wants   not  Reafon  enough  to 

*  teach  us. 

'  For 


^ENGLAND.  191 

*  For  the  firft  :   Where  a  Prince  is  once  given  An-  24  c-r- 

«  up  to  that  Self-intereft  of  his  Will  and  Power,  fo  , 5*s> 

*•  as  to  make  it  his  higheft  End,  or,  at  leaft,  to  pre-     November* 
'  fer  it  above  the  Public  Intereft  and  Welfare ;  yea 

*  above  the  Safety  and  Peace  of   his  People,  (as, 

*  Where  he  makes  War  againft  them   for  it,  it  is 
'  apparent  he  does)  and  to  prefer  it  above  Religion 
4  too,  (;'.s  is  evident,  when  he  attempts  the  mould- 
'  ing  and  forming  of  Religion  to  fubferve  that  End) 

*  fuch  a  Perfon  fare  cannot  want  any  Principles  of 
'  Falfhood,  Cruelty,  or  Revenge,  fuitable  to  fuch 

*  an  End  ;  neither  in  Reafon  is  it  like  that  he  will 

*  regard  any  Engagements  of  Faith  or  Oath,  or 

*  flop  or  boggle  at  any  thing  of  that  Kind,  further 
'  than  Neceffity  does  hold  him  thereto,  or  where 
'  a  Neceflity  or  Advantage,   for  the  accompliftiing 

*  of  that  his*  higheft  End,  does   lead  to   a  Breach. 

*  And  indeed,  when  the  Bonds  once  accepted  by 
'  him  with  unqueftionable  Freedom,  at  his  Admif- 
'  fion  to  the  Throne,   the  Bonds  of  Law,  yea  the 
'  fundamental  Bonds  of  Truft  betwixt  him  and  his 
'  People,    the   very   Covenant  of  Peace,  yea   the 
'  Oath  of  God  betwixt  them  would  not  hold  him  ; 
'  but  of  his  own  Mind,   without  Occafion  before 
'  given,  have  been  all  violated  by  him  :   And,  to 
'  juftify   himfelf,  and   protect  his   Inftruments  in 
'  that,  the  Law  of  Force,  admitting  no  Bounds 

*  but  Power,   hath  been  chofen  and  fet  up  by  him, 

*  and  profecuted  to  the  utmoft  in  a  long  and  bloody 
c  War  ;  how  can  it  be  expedled  that  the  Bonds  of 

*  new  Conceflions  and  Agreements,  with  whatever 
'  Aflurances,  that  are  but  verbal   or  literal,  being 
'  impofed  by  Force  upon  him,    or  yielded  to  from 
'  nothing  but  an   invincible  or  powerful  Neceflity, 
'  can   be  of  more  Awe  or  Rega*rd  with  him,    or 
'  Power  to  hold  him,  when  any  Advantage  to  gain 

*  what  he  fought,  or  recover  what  he  loft,  does  of- 

*  fer  itfelf  ?  And  as  for  Revenge  ;   how  natural  it 

*  is  for  a  Prince,  fo  given  up  to  that  Self-intereft 
'  of  Will  and  Power,  and  how  neceflary  to  his  In  - 

*  tereft  to  feek  and  pfofecute  Revenge  againft  all 

*  eminent  Oppofers,  and  much  more  the  Oppug- 

'  ners 


1 92  *fbe  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o  R  t 

An.  24  Car.  i.  <  ners  thereof,  we  wifh  your  own  Reafon,   and  the 

^  ,   '  Experience  of  others,  may  rather  warn  you  than 

November       c  that  you  Should  put  it  to  Trial  in  your  own 
4  Cafes. 

*  And  hath  your  and  our  Experience  of  this 
'  King,  with  whom  we  havef  to  do,  given  Caufe  to 

*  hope  better  Things  from  him,  in  thefe  Refpefts, 

*  than  other  Ages  or  Nations  ever  found  from  other 
4  Princes  in  the  like   Cafe  ?    Firfr,    for    Point  of 
4  Faith-keeping,  befides  his  firft  numerous  Breaches 
'  of  his  original  Faith  to  his  Kingdoms  in  the  whole 

*  Manage  of  his  Government  and  Truft  before  the 
'  Wars,   witnefs  his  Accords   with  the  Scots  Na- 

*  tion,  and  how  he  kept  them  ;    his  feeming  Com- 

*  pliances  inpartwith  this  Parliament,  in  the  Time 

*  of  his  Straits,  and  feigned  Acknowledgments  of 
c  part  Errors,   with  Promifes  of  Redrefs  and  future 
4  Amendment,   untill  your  Bounty,  in  paying  ofF 
'  the  Scots  and   Englijh  Armies   at  that  Time,  had 
4  delivered  him  from  thofe  Straits  ;    and   then,    fo 

*  foon   as    you  came    to    thofe   Particulars   which 
4  fhould  have  effectuated   that  Redrefs  and  aflured 

*  future  Remedy,  by  tying  his  Hands,  and  deter- 
c  ing  others   from  the  like  Exorbitances,   imme- 

*  diately  flying  out  again   to   higher  and   greater; 

*  and,  firft  by  Policy,  then  by  Force,  going  about 

*  to  overthrow  thofe  Foundations  of  Remedy  which 
'  he  had  granted  in  the  afcertaining  of  this  Parlia- 

\       *  ment,   &c.     And  let  thofe   many  Particulars  of 

*  Hypocrify,  Diflimulation,  and  Treachery,  couch- 

*  ed   under  his  faireft  Overtures,    Profeilions,   and 
'  Proteftations,  which  yourfelves  in  feveral  Decla- 

*  rations  have  obferved  and  recorded,  befpeak  what 
4  Caufe  there  is  to  confide  in  his  Promifes  or  En- 
4  gagements. 

4  As    to   his    Innocency  in  point  of  Revenge,' 

*  witnefs  thofe  petty  Revenges,  after  feveral  Par- 

*  liaments,   and   yet   fotne  of  them    extending   to 

*  Death  through  Hardfliip  of  Imprifonment,  which 
'  were  fought  and   taken  againlt  fuch  Patriots  as 

*  had,  in   them,  appeared  but  to  aflert  the  com- 
4  mon  Liberties  againft  his  Intereft.     Witnefs  his 

'•At- 


if   ENGLAND.  193, 

5  Attempts  of  higher,  in   the  Proceedings   agairift  An.  44  Car.  I. 
k  the  Members  he   impe  >ched  ;  and  let  the  feveral  t ,  ..  l6*?  •    • 

*  Defignations  of  fome   toi   the  Slaughter,  fome  to     November, 

*  Exile,  others  to  Prifons^  all  to  Mifery  of  one 

*  Sort   or  other,  which,  upon  any  Hopes   of  pre-  , 

*  vailing  in   the  former  or  latter  War,  have  been 
'  made  againft  his  eminent  Oppofers  amongft  you, 

*  fuffice   to  teach  you  and   your  Adherents,  what  » 

*  Mercies   might  be   expected   from    him   and   his 
'  Party,  if  he  ever  had,  or  yet  ftiall  gain,  the  Ad- 
4  vantage  over  you. 

'  Next,   for  the  Facility  of  a  Prince's  finding 
c  Occafion  and  Quarrel  after  fuch  art  Agreement 

*  to  make  a  Breach,  when  he  finds  his  Advantage, 
'  and  yet  with  fome  colurable  Saving  to  his  Ho- 

6  nour :    We  know,    in    all    mutual   Agreements, 

*  where  each  Party  grants  and  takes,  and  fome- 

*  thing  is  to  be  made  good   by  each  Party  towards 
e  the  other$  how  eafy  it   is  to  find<  or  pretend,  a 

*  Failure  of  full  Performance^  arid  thence  to  avoid 
4  the  Obligation  to  the  Agreement  ;  and  efpecially 
'  in  Agreements  of  StatCj  if  all  Matters  df  Power^ 
4  Truft*  and  Right*  are  not  fully  cleared  and   de- 

*  termined,  fo  as  to  ftate  the  Supreme  Truft   and 
'  conclufive  Judgment,  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes* 

*  fully   and   abfolutely  in   one  Party  or  other,  but 
'  that   fomething  be  left  divided*  or  at  leaft  fuf- 

*  pended,  betwixt  them  ;   in  fuch  Cafe,  how  eafy  is 

*  it  for  the  Party  that  is  Lofer  by  the  Agreement  to 

*  find,  or  feign,  an  Intrenchment  of  the  other   be- 
'  yond   the  itated  Bounds,  and   thr-fice  to  make  a 
'•  new  Breach  when  he  fees  his  Advantage   for  it  ? 

*  But  however,  when  any  Thing  within  the  Com- 

*  pafs  of  what  was  fo  left  fufpended  does,  in  Prac- 

*  tice,  come  to  Queftion  and  Difference, 'and  neither 
'.Party  trufted  fingly  to  conclude,  there  is  a  clear 

*  Foundation  for  a  Breach  ;  unlefs  they  either  agree 
c  to  lay  the  Matter  afide^  which  perhaps  the  gain- 
'  ing  Party  cannot  do,  and  fo,  by  the  Lofer Vmeer 
'  ftanding  ofFj  may  be   ncccflitated   to  appear  the 

*  firft  Actor  in  a  Breach,  or  elfe  come   to  a  new 

*  Agreement  upon  every  fuch  Particular. 

VOL.  XVIII.  N  « We 


tfke  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

c  We  know,  befides,  what  Court  Maxims  there 

*  are  amongft  the  King's  Party  concerning  fome 
N*»T«ubcr.      *  Fundamental  Rights  of  a  Crown,  which  the  King 

*  cannot  give    away ;  and  their  common  Scruple 

*  whether  a  King,  granting  away  fuch  or  any  other 

*  Hereditary  Crown-Rights,  can  oblige  his  Heirs 

*  or  Succeflbrs,  or  exclude  their  Claim  :  But  if  all 
4  other  Pretexts  fail,  their  Non-obligation  to  what 
4  is  wrefted  from  diem  by  Force,  in  a  powerful 

*  Rebellion,  as  they  count  it,  will    ferve   fuch   a 

*  King's  Confcience  for  a  Shift  to  make  a  Breach, 

*  where  he  finds  his  Advantage.     And  are  not  all 

*  thefe  Occafions  or  Pretexts  obvious  in  our  Cafe  ! 
'  To  fay  nothing  of  the  Matters  of  Supreme  Power 

*  and  Trufr,  which,  though  all  your  Propofitions 
,   4  be  granted,  will  yet  be  left  divided  or  fufpended, 

*  not  only  betwixt  the  feveral  Houfes,  but  betwixt 

*  them  both   and   the  King ;  nor  yet  of  the  im- 

*  perfect  bargaining  for  feveral  Parts  of  it,  which, 

*  by    the  Tenor   of  the   Proportions,    are   taken, 

*  Come,  as  it  were,  by  Leafe,  all   by  Grant,  from 

*  the  King,  fo  as  to  confirm  rather  than  weaken 

*  his  Claim  of  the  original  Right  to  be  in  him  and 

*  his  ;  from  both  which  Kinds  of  Defect  or  Uncer- 

*  tainty  in  the  Agreement  there  will  be  left  many 
'  apt   Occafions,    an<i    particular  Grounds,    for   a 

*  Breach  when  Time  fhall  ferve.     Is  it  not  appa- 
*"  rent  that,  from  that  more  general   Confideration 

*  of  the  Condition  of  the  King  in  this  Treaty,  and 

*  the  Force  or  Keceflity  lying  upon  him,  a  Ground 

*  of  Evalion  or  Exception  lies  to  the  whole  Agree  - 

*  ment,  as  not  obliging  on  the  King's  Part,  what- 
c  ever  Conceflions  or  Aflurances  are  fo  drawn  from 

*  him  ?  What  Account  the  King  and  his  Party  do 

*  upon  that  Ground  make  of  the  Treaty,  befides  the 

*  common  Voice  of  them  all  in  all  Corners,  That 
4  the  King,  good  Man,  is  meerly  forced  to  what 

*  he  grants,  we  may  fee  it  publickly  and  authen- 

*  tickly  avowed   by  the  Prince  and  his  Council,  in 
4  his  Declaration  in  Anfwer  to  the  Earl  of  War* 
1  weft  Summons  of  the  revolted  Fleet  at  Gone ; 

4  where, 


of   ENGLAND. 

*  where,  befides  other  PaiTages  hinting  the  fame  An 
4  Thing,  the  Prince  clearly  fays  (a],  The  King,  in 

'  Truth,   is  Jlill  in  Prifon,  with  fuch  Circumjlances 

*  of  Rejfraint,  as,   to  Jay  no  more,  are  net  ufual  in 
4  the  Cafe  of  the  moji  private   Pcrfon  ;   and  wkoje 
4  Delivery    and  Freedom  therefrom   all  his   Subjects 
4  are  obliged  to  endeavour,  by  tht  Laws  of  God  and 

*  Man,  to   their   utmoft   Hazard;    and    afterwards 
4  invites   the  Earl  of   Warwick   to  join   with    his 
4  Highnefs,  in  the  Refcue  of  his  Royal  Father  from 
4  his  unworthy  Imprifonment.    This  being  in  An- 

*  fwer    to   that   Summons,    wherein  the   Earl  of 
4  Warwick  invited  the  Ships  to  come  in  upon  that 
4  very  Ground,  that  the  King  and  Parliament  were 
4  in  Treaty  for  Peace,  we  can  take  to  intend  no 
4  lefs  than  a  plain  Difavower  of  this  Treaty,  and  a 
4  Difclaimer  of  whatever  (hall  be  concluded  there- 
4  upon ;    and,    coming  from   the    Prince  and    his 
4  Council,  confider  him  as  Heir  Apparent,  it  ferves 

*  at  leaft  to  acquit  himfelf  and  Pofterity  from  being 

*  concluded  by  what  his  Father  in  fuch  Cafe  (hall 
4  content   unto,  to   the  Prejudice  of  the  Crown  ; 

*  and,  confider  him    as  having,  by    his  unlimited 
4  Commiflion  as  Generaliffimo,  the  higheft  Power 
4  of  the  Kingdom  which   the  King  could  devife 

*  to  give ;  and  fo   he  and  his  Council,  while  the 
4  King  is  in  Durance,  being  the  next  vifible  Head 

*  of  the  King's  Party ;  and  having  the  higheft  Truft 

*  in  relation  to  the  Intercft  of  the  King,  his  Crown, 
4  and  Party ;   it  is  alfo,  on  the  King's  and    their 
4  Behalf,  the   moft  authentic  Declaration   of  their 
4  Senfe  of  the  Treaty,  which  could  well  be  ex- 
4  pe&ed  in  the  Cafe,  while  the  King  and  his  Coun- 
4  cil  here,    being  fuppofed  under  Force  as  to  all 

*  Things  elfe,  cannot  be  fuppofed  free  in  that  Point 
4  to  declare  his  real  Judgment ;  and"  fo  it  may  fervc 
4  in   Behalf  of  the   King,  his    Heirs,  and  whole 
4  Party,  as  a  Proteftation  againft  any   Conclufiort 
4  by    this   Treaty,    or  whatever    (hall    therein    b« 
4  drawn  from  him  to  his  own  or  their  Prejudice. 

N  2  "4  And 

(»}ln  eur  S**ente<rnth  Volume,  p.  497. 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

c  And  indeed  the  King  himfelf,  in  divers  of  hi? 
£  Papers  that  have  come  from  him  to  you  in  refa- 

*  t'on  to  tn's  Treaty,  has,  in  fuch  foft  Language 

*  as  might  befit  the  Condition  of  your  Prifoner,  in- 

*  fmuated  the  fame  Senfe  of  the  Treaty,  and  his 
'  Condition  therein,  and  of  the  Validity  or  Repute 

*  of  any  Conclusions  thereupon,  while  his  Condition 

*  fhoald  remain  the  fame,  and  cot  more  free.    And 
'  thefe  feveral  Declarations  and  Infmuations  hereof 

*  being   fen.t,    thofe  from  the    King,  immediately 

*  to  yourfelves  ;  that  from  the  Prince,  his  General, 
4  to  your  Admiral,  a&d  from   him  to  your  own 
'  Hands  j  and  both  being  fent  you  during  the  Trea- 
c  ty,  before  any  Conclufton  upon  it,  will  remain  up- 

*  on  Record  before  you  perpetual  Witnefles  againft 
e  the  Validity  thereof,  of  *any  Obligingnefs   as  to 

*  them.     Nor  is  it  his  or   their   Senfe  alone,    or 

*  .without  Grounds  to  gain  Belief,  but,  (confidering 
'  he  is  but  to  fmall  a  Step  removed  from  the  Caftle, 

*  vvheie  he  was   your  abfolute  Prifoner,  and    ftill 
'  confined  within  the  Town  or  Ifland,  which    is 
6  your  Garrifon  ;  and  fo  remaining  under  the  Power 

*  of  your  Guards,   and  even  in  that  Condition  be- 

*  ing  but  upon  his  Parole)  we  doubt  the  fame  Senfe 

*  and  Judgment  thereupon  will  be  aptly  made  and 
'  received,   by    intelligent   Spectators   both  of  this 
'  and  Neighbour  Nations,  and  by  Ages  to  come  j 
'  and  that  the  Degree  of  Enlargement  you  have  af- 
«  forded  him,  with  the   petty   State  added,  will  be 

*  underftood  but  as  a  Mock-Liberty  and  Counter- 

*  feit  of  State,  intended  only  to  fet  him  up  in  fome 

*  colourable  Pofture  and  Equipage  to  be  the  more 

*  handfomely  treated  with  ;  but  not  as  a  fetting  him 
'  free  from  your  Force,    or  leaving  him  free  in 

*  what  he  grants,  fo  as  to  render  it  obliging  when 
'  granted :  And  though,  as  to  the  Reality  of  the 

*  Cafe,  there  might  be  Freedom  enough  to  make 
<  his  Conceffions  in  Honefty  obliging,  or  his  Ab- 

*  folution  therefrom  at  leaft  difpu table,  yet  he,  and 
'  the  Prince  in  his  Behalf  having,  as  is  before  ex- 
4  preffed,  in  the  beft  Way  they  could,  declared  to 

*  you    beforehand   their    Senfe   to    the  contrary, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  197 

*  as  to  his  and   their  Part,  his   Condition  in  the  An.  24  Car.  I. 

*  Treaty  {landing  as  it  was  ;  if  you,  after  fuch  fair     .  _l64*'    ^ 

*  and  timely  Warning,  would   needs  yet  proceed     November. 

*  in  Treaty,  without   Alteration  of  his  Condition 

*  or  th£   Terms  of  it,  and  come  to  Conclufions 
'  therein  to  bind  up  yourfelves,  who  will   not  fay 

*  he  and  his  Party  had  Reafon  fo  far  to  comply 

*  with  your  Proceeding  upon  it ;  and   yet  account 
'  that,  as  to  any  obliging  on  their  Part  (whether 

*  he  were  really  under  Durefs  or  not,  yet)   their 

*  timely  Precaution  to  you  concerning  their  con- 

*  trary  Senfe  of  it,  was  a  fufficient  Acquital  of 

*  them,  not 'only  from  being  bound  by  any  Agree- 

*  ment  upon  it,  but  from  any  Imputation  of  deceit- 

*  ful  dealing  with  you,  tho'  they  obferve  not  what 

*  fhall  be  fo  agreed  upon ;  fince,  after  fuch  Pre- 

*  caution  from  them,  it  was  your  own  Fault,  and 

*  at  your  own  Peril,  if  you  proceed  with  them  up- 

*  on  fo  rotten  a  Foundation  ;  fo  ss  if  you  be  co- 
'  zened,  you  cozen  yourfelves,  and  cannot  blame 
'  them  or  any  body  elfe  for  it. 

'  And  truly  this  Confideration,  as  (when  we  firft 
c  took  Notice  of  thofe  PafTages  in  that  Declaration 
'  from  the  Prince,  and  the  King's  Papers)  it  did 
'  more  awaken  us  to  confider  your  Hazards  in  this 
'  Treaty  than  before  ;  fo  it  ferves  moft  clearly  to 

*  fet  forth  the  miferable  Straits  and  Snares  you  are 
'  thereby  intangled  in  :  To  look  no  further  into  Par- 
e  ticulars,  that  great  and  dangerous  Evil,  of  old  fo 

*  much  declined  and  abhorred  by  you  and  our  Bre- 
4  thren  of  Scotland,  and  more  lately  fo  much  ftrug- 

*  gled  againft  by  yourfelves  in  the  previous  Debates 

*  concerning  this  Treaty,  viz.  the  King's  Return 
'  to  London,  and    to   his   Parliament   and  Throne 
'  again,  without   Satisfaction  and   Security  before 

*  given,  is  thus  at  lait  like  to  come  upon  you  ;  and 
'  that  upon  worfe  Terms,  if  you   proceed    in  this 
'  Treaty  to  conclude  yourfelves  and  re-admit  him, 

*  than  if  you  had  let  him   come  without  any  fore- 

*  going  Agreement  at  all ;    for  had  you  let  him 

*  come  fo,  both  yourfelves  and  he  beln^,  ire;,  if  then 

N  3  4  he 


198  We  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

c  he  had  granted  any  thing  of  Satisfaction  or  Secu- 
4  rity,  all  Men  would  have  accounted  him  bound 

*  by  it,  and   the   Conceflion  valid  ;  ©r  if  he  had 

*  denied  you  neceflary  Things  in  that  Kind,   your 

*  further  Proceeding  in  other  Ways  to  fecure  your- 
'  felves  and  the  Kingdom  as;ainft  him,  would  have 
'  been  thought   more  necefTary,   juft,  and   clear  : 

*  And  though,  being  at  Liberty,  he  had  perfonally 
e  headed  his  Party  in  the  City  and  elfewhere,  with 

*  greater  Advantages  than  ever,  to  aflert  once  more 

*  his  old  Quarrel  in  a  new  War,  yet  you  h'ad  known 
'  the  worft  on't,  viz.  to  fight  it  over  again  only  fo 

*  much  the  fooner  ;  but  in  the  Way  you  are  now 
'  engaged  in,  the  King  has  the  Advantage  to  yield 
'  to  any  thing  at  laft  which  he  cannot  getA  you  to 

*  abate;  and  yet  when,  having  granted  all,  he  gets, 
6  upon  your  own  Terms,  to  his  beloved  Seat  and 

*  Throne    again,  behold  he  is  free,  as  if  he  had 
'  granted    nothing,    to  take   the  beft    Advantage 

*  againft  you  whrn  he  fees  his  Time  ;  and  mean 

*  while  may  reft  fecure  in  a  good  Condition  and 
'  wait    his  Advantage,    having    gof  your    Hands 

*  bound  ;  till  he,  rinding  it,  fhall   ftrike  the  firft 

*  Stroke  again,  which  'tis  like  he  will  rhake  a  fure 
'  one,  if  he  can,  to  difable  you  from  a  Return. 

«•  We  proceed  to  the  next  Confideration,  viz. 
€  How  eafy  it  is  for  a  Prince,  after  fuch  Accom- 

*  modation,  admitting  him  either  not  bound,   or 

*  not  confcientious  of  his  Bonds,  or  having  Occa- 

*  lions  or  Pretexts  for  a  Breach,  to  find   or  work 

*  out  Advantages,  whereby  to  overthrow  all  he  has 

*  granted  to  the  Public  Interefts ;  and,  in  the  Ruin 

*  of  thofe  that  engaged  againft  him  for  it,  to  fet  up 
'  his  own  above  all  ;  which,  for  Brevity,  we  fhall 
'  not  fo  much  confider  generally  'in  the  common 
'  Advantages   which  Princes   in  fuch  Cafe  ufually 

*  have,  as  particularly   in  thofe   which  this  King 

*  clearly  has,  or  is  like  to  have,  in  this  of  yours. 

4  The  King   comes   in    with  the  Reputation, 
f  among  the   People,    of   having  long   gracioufly 

*  fought  Peace,  although  indeed  ever  fmce  he  found 

*  you 


of   ENGLAND.  19^ 

*  you  in  Condition  to  oppofe  his  Force,  it  was  his  An-  24  Car.  !• 
c  Intereft  and  his   beft  Play  ;  and  especially   fmce    ,    l6*8'    , 

*  you  had  beaten  his  Force,  it  was  his  neceflary  and     November, 

*  only  Play.     He  comes  with   the   Reputation  of 
'  having  long  fought  it  by  a  Perfonal  Treaty,  which 

*  at  laft  has  proved,  as  he  prophefied,  the  only  ef- 
'  fedlual  Means  ;  and  fo  you  having  fo  long  denied 

*  that,  and  only  plied  him  with  peremptory  Propo- 
'  fitions,   and  yet  at  laft  granting  it,  are,  in  that 

*  Self-Condemnation,  rendered  by  his  Friends,  as 
'  having  deceitfully  or  unneceflarily  continued  Bur- 
'  thens,  and  refufed  Peace  fo  long,  in  refufing  that 
'  the  King's  Way,  in  which  you  might  as   well 
1  have  had  it  fooner  as  now  j  altho'  the  Truth  is, 
'  neither  the  Treaty,  nor  the  Perfonality  of  it,  have 
'  advanced  the  Bufmefs  one  Jot ;  fmce  the  King 
'  grants  now  the  fame  Things,  and  in   the  fain* 
'  Terms,  which  he  has  fo  oft  in  particular  denied, 

*  yea,  protefted  and  fworn  he  would  not  ;  and  the 

*  Alteration   is    far    enough    from  Conviction  by 
'  Treaty,    as   is  before  demonft  rated,    and  vifibly 
'  from  a  greater  Neceflity  or  Advantage  found  now 

*  to  induce  the  yielding  than  formerly.     He  comes 
'  alfo  with  the  Reputation  of  having  granted,  for 

*  Peace  Sake,  all  that  you,  as  unwilling  to  Peace, 

*  have  rigidly  ftood  upon  ;   although,  when  it  is 

*  fumm'd  up,  it  will  appear  of  very  little  advan- 

*  tage  or  Security  to  Public  Intereft  ;  and,  by  a 

*  Trick  or  Referve  that  he  has,  of  none  at  all,  as 

*  before  is  {hewed  :    However,    with  the  People, 
'  he  carries  thefe  and  the  like  Points  of  Reputation 
'  before  him,  and  wants  not  Trumpets  every  where 
'  to  blaze  them  fufficiently  to  his  Renown,  and 
'  your  own   Reproach.      Under  fuch   Banners  of 
'  Love  and  Honour,  he  comes  in  the  only  true  Fa- 

*  ther  of  his  People,  you  being  proved  their  cruel 

*  Fofter-Fathers  ;  he  the  Repairer  of  their  Breaches 
c  which  you  had  made  ;  he  the  Reftorer  of  their  be- 
'  loved  Peace,  Eafe,  and  Freedoms,  which  you,  as 

*  his  Creatures   render  it,  had  ravifhed  or  cheated 
€  them  of  thus  lanj ;  he  the  Reftorer  of  their  Trad^ 

N  4  «  ancj 


200  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

24  Car.  i. «  anc}  Plenty  too,  which  you  had  thus  long  ob* 
'  ftru&ed  ;  he,  as  a  Conqueror  in   Sufferings  and, 

*  Patience,  a  Denver  of  himfelf  for  the  Good  of 
*•  his  People,  and  what  not  that  is  glorious  and  en- 

*  dearing.     And  thus  would  the  People  be  lulled, 
'  and  indeed   cheated,  into  a  Security,  as   to  any 

*  further   Apprehenfions  of   Evil  from  him  ;  yea, 
'  poflefled  with  Acknowledgements  and   Expec-ta- 
'  tions  of  all  their  Good  from  him,  and  their  Jea- 

*  loufies   awakened    a:»ainft   you   and  your   Adhe- 
'  rents    only.       And   yet,    to    heighten    the   fame 
'  more  into  perfect  Hatred,  you   (as  wife,  yea  as 
'  honeft  Men,  for  their  Safety  and  Intereft,  though 

*  they  fee  it  not)  muft  continue  an  Army  and  Gar- 

*  rifon  ftill ;  and  that  not  the  lefs,  but  much  more 

*  for  his  coming  in  again,  than  if  you  had  taken 

*  another  Gourf^utterly  to  {hut  him  out,  as  we  {hall 
c-  {hew  anon  ;  an.J  fo  you  will  be  neceflitated,  not- 
'  withftanding  -the  Accommodation,    to  continue 

*  Taxes   and  Impofitions  for  Maintenance  of  that 

*  Force,  to  the  Burden  and  Grievance  of  the  People, 
'  and  the  greater  Increafe  of  their  Difcontents  and 

*  Hate  towards  you  :  For  if  after  this  Accommoda- 

*  tion,  to  eafe  and  fatisfy  them,you  {hall  ever  difband 
f  your  Forces,  while  the  King  is  at  his  Liberty,  and 

*  in  his  Throne  again,  you  give  him  his  End  or 

*  wifhed  Opportunity,  in  laying  yourfelves,  your 
?  Adherents,  and  the  Public  Intereft  all   level  a- 
6  gain  with  him  and  his,  as  if  you  had  never  pre- 
'  vailed,  nor  had   any  Advantage  over  them ;  and 
'  fo,  for  all  your  Satisfaction  and   Security,   you 
'  are  at  the  King's  Courtefy  ftill  ;  and  if  he   will 
'  break,  you  are  but  where  you  were  at  firft,  arid 
'  the  public  Intereft  nothing  advantaged  or  fecured 

*  by  ought  obtained  or  done  in  the  War  ;  but  the 
'  King  in  the  fame,  or  much  fairer  Poifibility  to 
4  revive  the  old    Quarrel,  renew   his  Force  with 
'  greater  Advantage,  and   put  you  to  fight  it  over 
4  again,  or  rather  may  carry  it  without  Fighting  ; 

*  fmce,  after  fo  much  Blood,  and  Coft,  and  Trouble 
f  for  nothing,  it  is  not  like  you  will  find  a  compe- 

*    '  tent 


*f   ENGLAND.  201 

9  tent  Party  for  the  oppofuig  of  him  ready  to  en-  An-  *4  Car« 
*  gage  again  on  the   fame  Terms ;  and    if  he  gain     t  '  V 
•*  any  Strength  to  appear  for  him,   which  who  can     ftg  vender, 
doubt  when  your  Forces  are  difbandeu,  confider- 
what  a  numerous  Party  he  has  engaged  to  it 
•reft  and  Neceiiicy  ;  fome  inclined  to  it  by 
s  and  •;  emper,  others  in  Humour  and 
,    a  gain  ft  the  prefent  Government ;  the 
:  uy  01  the  People  (wearied  with  the  former 
w/.ereof  'they  have  found  fo  great  Mifery, 
•    itcle  Fruit)  if  they  fee  a  Strength  on  his 
i'art  t  •  '•  :atn:n;j;  a  new  War,  and  none  ready  on 
your  I'  Tt  to  hai  .nee  ic,  which  might  hold  them 
at    le.it   in  NT  itri'uy,  will  furtly  be  more  apt 
to  join  unaninv  ufly  with  him,  or  let  him  have 
\vh-:L      e  v-  i  1,   taat  there  may  be  no  War,  than 
join   with  you  to  maintain   another  War,  to  fo 
much  Prejudice  and  fo  ILtle  Purpole  as  they  have 
found  th'-  former.     Aiu!  if,  to  appeafe  the  King 
and  his  enraged   Party,  a  Sacrifice  of  thofe  thi.t 
oppofed  him  in  the  former  will  ferve  the  Turn, 
the  People,  it  is  like,  will  be  fo  far  from  flick- 
ing at  that,  as  it  is  tome  Queftion  to  whom   it 
would  be  more  acceptable,  the  King  or  them  ; 
the  People,  by  the  Cavaliers  clamorous  and  cun- 
ning Suggeftions,  and  the  Advantages  you  have 
given  thereto,  through  the  unfettled,  endlefs,  and 
rruitlefs  Ways  of  Trouble  you  have  held  them 
in,  being   already   pretty  well    poflefled,  and  by 
that  Time   like   to  be  further  perfuaded  againft 
you,  as  if  in  all  this  War  you  had  merely  cozen- 
ed them  ;  fo  as  you  are  like  to  have  their  Hate  no 
lefs,  as  for  abufmg  ther%  than  the  King's  for 
oppofmg  him. 

4  If  to  fecure  that  little  Advantage  to  Public  In- 
tereft,  which  in  the  prefent  Way  you  will  have 
gained,  or  rather  to  prevent  a  total  Lofs  of  all 
thereupon,  you  continue  a  furKcient  Strength,  and 
therewith  Taxes  and  Impofitions  to  maintain  it ; 
thefe,  as  they  are  always  grievous  to  the  People, 
.*  fo  they  will,  after  the  Peace  fuppofed  to  be  fet- 

<  tied, 


2o2  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

AM.  14  Car.  I.  «  tied,  be  fo  much  the  more  difcontenting,  by  how 
1648.         (  mucn  they  may  be  then  deemed  unneceflary ;   for 

*  tne  King  having  in  the  Terms  of  Accommoda- 

*  tion,  granted  what  yourfelves  did  afk  ;  and  there- 
4  in  fuch  fuppofed  Security,  as  that  you  need  not 

*  fear   new  Troubles,    though   few   will  confider 
'  wherein  that  little  Security  does  lye ;  or  at  ieaft 
'  (by  his  yielding  as  it  were  for  Peace  Sake,  to  all 
c  your   Demands)  having  given,   in   the  People's 

*  Apprehenfions,  fuch  Aflurances  of  his  Love   to 
1  Peace,  as  that  no  Danger  of  new  War  or  Trouble 

*  feems  to  be  feared  from  him ;  in  this  Cafe  the 

*  Continuance  of  Forces  and  Taxes  will  furely  be 

*  thought  no  further  needful  for  any  public  End  ; 

*  for,  in  common  Judgment,  if  War  made  Sol- 

*  diers  needful,  then  furely  Peace  muft  render  them 
4  needlefs  ;  and  therefore  it  will  be  aptly  thought, 

*  if  yet  Soldiers  be  kept  up,  and  Taxes  continued, 
4  it  is  furely  either  for  the  Gain,  or  Advantage,  or 
c  fome  private  Defign  of  thofe  that  continue  them  ; 
4  and  upon  thefe  Grounds,  with  Unwillingnefs  and 

*  Backwardnefs  to  pay  Taxes,  and  Difcontents  at 
4  the  Burden  of  them,  there  muft  naturally  grow 
<  up  Jealoufies  and  Heart-burnings  againft  thofe 

*  that  require  them.     Thefe  to  foment  and  inflame 
*•  to  the  Height,  and  thereby  to  fweeten   and  en- 

*  dear  the  King  with  the  People,  will  be  his  and  the 

*  Cavaliers  fureft  Play ;  and  otherwife  to  fit  that 

*  while,  if  they  have  but  the  Patience,  as  ftill  as 

*  Lambs.      How  colourable  and   plaufible  will  it 
4  be  for  them  to  fuggeft,    and   how   apt   for  the 
•-People  to  receive,  That  the  King  is  no  way  to 

*  be  blamed  for  any  of  thofe  Burdens ;  he,  good 

*  Man,  has  yielded  to  any  Thing,  and  done  what 

*  he  could,  that  there  might  be  no  Need  of  them*- 
*•  and  now  he  gives  no  Confent  to  them  ;  but  the 
4  Parliament    does  them  without   him,    and   have 

*  bound  up  and  excluded  him  from  his  wonted  Ne- 
*,  gative  Voice  therein,  otherwifc   he  would  refufe 

*  and  hinder  them  ;  but  being  not   in  Power  to 

*  help  the  People,  he  can  only  pity  them   in  thefe 

4  Things  ; 


$f    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  203 

€  Things  ;  and  now  they  may  fee  what   they  gain    An-  24  Car.  l. 

*  by  their  Parliaments,  or  how  much  it  is  to  their        *6*8' 

4  common  Prejudice,  as  well  as  the  King's,  to  have     November 

the  King  in  any  Particular  excluded  from  his 
4  Negative  Voice,  and  the  Parliament  free  to  pro- 
4  ceed  in  ought  without  him.  And  thus  eafily 

*  may  the  People,  from  their  common  Unwilling- 

*  nefs  to  part  with  Money,  although  for  their  real 

*  Safety,  be  at  once  inflamed  into  a  Refufal  and  Op- 

*  pofition  therein  ;  and  deluded  into  a  Refentment 

*  of  that  which  is  the  King's  Intereft,  as  if  it  were 
4  their  own,  and  fo  engaged  with  and  for  him  and 

*  his  Party,    as  having  one  common  Caufe  with 

*  themfelves.    And  if  thus  they  be  once  heightened 
'  but  into  a  refolved  with-holding  of  Payments  for 

*  the  Maintenance  of  that  neceflary   Strength  you 
4  keep  for  the  common  Safety  and  Peace,  you  muft 

*  then  either  give  the  King  his  End  and  Advan- 

*  tage,  as  is  before  exprefled,    in  diflfolving  your 
'  Forces,  or  elfe  ufe  extraordinary  Ways  of  Power 
'  and  Rigour  towards  the  People,  to  inforce  fuch 
'  neceflary  Payments ;  this  will  ftill  enrage  them 
'  higher  againft  you,  and  ferve  to  endear  and  en- 
'  gage  them  more  to  the  King  and  his  Intereft, 
'  colourably  in  Point  of  their  Liberties  then,  as 
'  well  as  their  Eafe  before ;  until  at  laft  the  People, 
'  for  both,   being  raifed  againft  you,  and  therein 
'  joining  with,  and   being   headed  by,    the   King 

*  and   his  Party,  whofe  Intereft  fo  far  feems  one 

*  with    theirs,  you,  unlefs  you  will  give   up  all, 
f  muft  come  to  make  a  War  againft  the  poor  de- 
4  ceived  People  for  that  which  is  really  their  own 

*  Caufe :  And  the  King  by  the  People,  as  it  were 

*  for  their  proper  Liberties  and  Intereft,  may  make 

*  War  againft  you,  to  the  creeling  of  his  own,  and 
4  the   Overthrow   of   the   common  Intereft,  both 
'  yours  and  theirs.     For  Solution  of  which  feem- 
'  ing  Riddle,  -much  needs  not  to  be  faid,  fince  what 
'  you  j  contend    for   is  their  general,  fundamental, 
'  and    perpetunl    Liberties ;    for   the    Prefei  vation 

*  whereof  you  will  be  forced  to  prefs   upon   them 

*  in  particular  Matters,  againft  their  prefent  Eafe 

'  and 


204  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  c  ancj  free!jorns  .  anj  the  People  being  ordinarily 

t     '  *  '     _,  £  more  affected  with  the  latter,  as  more  immediate 

November.      '  a°d  ftnfible,  and  lefs  with  the  former,  which  are 

'  more  remote  and   to  them  lefs   imeliigible,  the 

'  King  clofing  with   them   under  Prettr.ce  of  the 

'latter,  which  they  can  feel,  may  eafily  engage 

'  them  to  the  Prejudice  of  the  former,  which  they 

'  hardly  difcern. 

'  By  what  we  have  here  faid,  it  may,  by  the 
'  way,  appear  how  much  it  is  for  the  King's  In- 
4  tereft  and  Advantage,  fmce  he  cannot  carry  all 
'  by  Force  or  War,  to  make  a  Peace  on  any 
'  Terms,  though  in  Words  never  fo  much  to  the 

*  Diminution  of  his  Power,  if  thereby  he  ,can  but 
'  fecure  himfelf,  and  get  into  his  Seat  again  ;  and 
'  confequently  we  may  the  better  guefs  how  far 
'  Conveifion,  or  Conviction,  hath  Place  in  his  pre- 
'  fent  yielding  to  Things  he  hath  fo  often  faid  and 
'  fworn  he  never  would  ;  and  in  his  granting  now, 

*  at    the  Motion  of  his  Englijh  Parliament,  what 
'  he  hath  fo  often  denied  at  the  preffing  Inftance  of 

*  both  Kingdoms  :  For  having-  fufficient  Proof  of 

*  your  prefent  Forces,  that   they  will  neither  be 
'  drawn  to  ferve  his  Turn  themfelves,  nor  eafily 
e  fuffer  others  that  would  j  and  having   found,   in 

*  the  laft  Summer's  Defign,  that  it  would  not  per- 

*  fc&ly  take  with  the  Body  of  the   People,  to  cry 
'  down  your  Army,  tho*  with  decrying  of  Taxes 

*  to  boot,  while  no  feeming  Peace  was  fettled  ;  no, 

*  though  with  the  Cry  for  their  Difbandirig,  they 
'  cried  up  Peace  and  a  Treaty  in  order  to  it :  He 
'  therefore  now  fees  he  muft  clap  up  a  Peace  on 
'  what  Terms  foever ;  and,  that  done,  his  Way  is 

*  clear.      The   Parliament   then    may   eafily    and 
'  foon  be  put  to  it,  to  denude  themfelves  of  their 
f  Strength  in  a  Difbanding,  and   fo  fet  him  even 
6  with   themfelves  again ;  or  elfe,    if  they  refufe, 

*  the  People  may  be  wrought  to  undo  all  for  him, 
'  whatever  he  hath  granted.,  without  his  appearing 
'  to  make  any  Breach  for  his  own  Intereft.     And 
'  as,  upon  this  fingle  Ground,  many  Nations   be- 

*  fore   us3    by  like  Accommodations  with   'their 

5  *  beaten 


of.  E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  205 

*  beaten  Tyrants,  have,  from  the  faireft  Attempts  An.  24  Car.  I. 

*  and  Hopes  of  Liberty,  fallen  to  an  utter  Lois  of  ^__         ^__^ 

*  it,  yea,  to  an  abfolute  Bondage,  and  been  made     November. 
'  the    Inftruments  thereof  themfelves  ;  fo  by   this 

*  one  Confederation,  though  there  were  no  more, 

*  it  may  appear  how  eafy  it  is  for  any  Prince,  and 

*  particularly  for  ours,    after  fuch  an  Accorrfmo- 

*  dation   made,    and   himfelf  reftored,    to  find   or 

*  work    out  Advantages,    whereby   to   overthrow 

*  what   he  hath   granted,    raife  his    own  Intereft 

*  higher,  and  deprefs  the  Public  lower  than  ever 
4  before  :    And  yet  we  have  touched  but  one  of 
c  thofe  many  Advantages  that,  in  fuch  Cafe,  lie 

*  clear  before  him.     We  might  reflect  upon  that 
'  of  his  numerous  Party,  engaged  by  Intereft,  Ne- 

*  ceffity,  and  otherwife,  to   ferve   him   fo  long   as 
4  he  remains   in   a  PoiUbility    to  head    them ;  to-- 

*  wards  whom  Proceedings  have  been  fuch,  as  have 

*  ferved  to  imbitter  and   enrage  them  unto,    and 
'  yet  not  difable  or  difcourage  them  from,  further 
c  Attempts  againft  you ;  and   towards    whom,  .by.- 
'  his  continuing  King,  you  will  be  the  more  ne-» 
'  cefiitated  to  proceed  ft  ill  upon  the  fame  Strain  in 
'  both    Refpedls.     We   might   mention  alfo   their 
c  great  Families  and  Relations,  and  their  Intereft 
'  or  Influences  within  the  Kingdom  ;  and  we  might 

*  enlarge  upon  the  Confederation  of  the  two  other 
'  Kingdoms  he  hath  to  work  by,  from  which  we 

*  have  found  fuch  powerful  Parties  ready  to  ferve 

c  his  Intereft  ;  the  one  to  make  Prize  and  Advan-  • 
c  tage  of  this  Kingdom ;  the  other  at  leaft  to  de- 
e  liver  themfelves  from  your  Yoak,  by  helping  to 

*  put  his  upon  your  and  our  Necks :  All  which, 
'  if  they  were  to  be  feared,  when  he  hath  been  in 

*  no  Capacity  to  head  them,  as  in  the   laft  Sum- 
c  mer's  War,  then  much  more  when  he  flull  fo  be  ; 
'  and  though  they  be  much  to  be  feared  in  relation 
'  to  his  Heading  of  them,  while  he,  by  his  fup- 

*  pofed  Impunity,  whatever  he  does,  huth  Encou- 

*  ragement  to  make  all  polTible  Trial  of  them  ;  and 
c  they  hope,  that  if  ever  he  prevail,  he  may  make 
*>  ther$  Amends,  or  procure  their  Impunity  at  laft  ; 


206  The  Parliamentary  H  r  s  f  o  fc  v 

An.  24  Car.  I.   «  yet,  that  being  once  confuted  by  an  Example  oi 
--*-4*'-     •/  '  Juftice  upon  him  for  fuch  Attempts,  they  would 

*  not  tnen  ^c'  *n  divi"6  Confiderations,  at  all  to 
4  be   feared,  or,  in  prudential  Confiderations,  not 

*  fo  much,  in  relation  to  his  Pofterity's  Heading  of 
'  them. 

'  Befides  thefe,    we  cannot  but  confider  much 
'  more  the  vaft  Poflibilities,  after  his  Reftitution, 

*  to1  make  Parties,  Factions,  and  Divifions  amongft 
'  yourfelves,  and  your  now  Adherents  ;  and  to  fet 
4  one  againft  another,  to  make  one  betray  another, 

*  fo  by  one  to  ruin  another ;  and,  by  making  Ufeof 
'  all  I  rite  reft  s,  to  fet  up  his  own  above  all.     Have 
'not  you  found  him   at  this  Play  all  along  ?  And 
4  do  not  all  Men  acknowledge  him  moft  exquifite 

*  at  it  ?  If  he  has  had  the  Faculty  to  avail  much 
'  in  this  Kind  when   at  a  Diftance  from  you,  will 
c  he  not  much  more  when  fo  near  you,  amongft 
c  you,  in  your  Boibms  and  Councils  ? 

c  For  Divifions,  we  fpeak  it  with  Depth  of  Sad- 

*  nefs,  he  needs   not  come  to   make  any  amongft 

*  you,  but  to  ufc  them  ;  they  abound  v.'ofully  al- 

*  ready  ;  and  tor  his   Opportunities  of  Advantage 

*  by  them,  they  are  great  beyond  Conception. 

c  Firji)  From  the  Jealoufies   which  each  Party 

*  i$  apt  to  have  of  the  others  {lengthening  them- 

*  felves,  to   the   Prejudice  of  the  other,  by  Con- 

*  jundtion  with  him  and  his ;  and  which  he  and  his 

*  Creatures  have  a  Faculty  to  feed  in  each  of  them, 
.*  it  is  more  than   probable  that  each  Party  will  be 

*  apt  to  Itnve  which   (hall  moft  and  firft  comply 

*  with  him :  Have  not  you  and  we  feen  fad  Expe- 

*  riences  of  this  already  ?  Give  us  Leave  to  be  more 

*  affectionately  fenfible  of  this,  as  having  had  fome 
1  Experience  of  Temptations  towards  it  amongft 

*  ourfelves  :  We  fay  Temptations  towards  it  from 

*  the  King  and  his  Party,  as  ftrong  and  fubtile  as 

*  are  imaginable,  though  we  blefs  God,  by  whom 
'  we  were  preferred  in  our  Integrity,  and  not  gi- 

*  ven  up  to,  but  delivered  from,  fuch  wretched  A- 
'  poftacy.     And  we  can  truly  fay,   That  although, 

*  (through  the  Example  of  others,  partly  ncc.-cfli.ta~ 

•  ting 


c/    ENGLAND.  207 

*  ting  us  for  the  prefent  Prevention  of  that  Mifchief  An.  14.  c>r.  I. 

*  to  the  Public  they  were  running  into  in  that  Kind, 

*  as  we  apprehended)  we  wera  drawn  into  fome 

*  negative  Compliances,    tending  to   Moderation, 

*  which  we  thought  to  be,  and  in  its  Place  is,  a  real 
4  Good  ',  yet  firft,  we  never  fought,  but  were  fought 

*  unto  'y    and   notwithftanding  all  Overtures   and 
'  Temptations,  we  did  abhor  the  Thought  of,  and 
'  ftill   profefledly  refufed  any   thing  of  Conjunc- 

*  tion  with  him  or  his,  in  relation  to  the  Affairs  of 
4  that  Time,  or  ought  of  private  Contract  or  Truft 
'  with  them. 

c  Secondly^  What  we  declared  of  Moderation  was 

*  but   hypothetical,  with    careful    Caution   and    a 
4  Saving  for  the  Public  Intereft  according  to  out 

*  then  Underftanding  of  it.     And, 

4  Thirdly^  We  aimed  not  at  the  (lengthening 
1  of  ourfelves  thereby,  to  the  Ruin  of  arty  Perfons 
4  or  Party  oppofed,  nor  did  drive  at  any  fuch  End  ; 
4  but  meerly  to  prevent  any  fuch  from  ftrengthen- 

*  ing  themfelves  in  that  Kind,  as  we  feared,  to  th« 
'  Prejudice  of  the  Public ;  as  may  appear  by  the 
4  Tenour  of  the  City's  Engagement,  with  the  Con- 

*  comitants  and   Confequcnts  thereof,  and  by  our 
4  Carriage  both  in  relation  thereto,  and  fince  that 

*  Danger  was  over:  And  yet,  however,  in  that  De- 

*  gree  of  Compliance  admitted  in  that  Kind,  we 

*  find    Matter    of    Acknowledgement   before    the 

*  Lord,  concerning  our  Error,  Frailty,  Unbelief, 
4  and  carnal  Councils  therein,  and  we  blefs   him 

*  that  prcferved  us  from  worfe  :  Yet,  on  the  other 

*  Side,  give  us  Leave  to  fear,    (and  we  heartily 
c  wifh,  as  to  any  honeft  Soul,  that  it  may  be  a 
4  caufelefs  and  miftaken  Fear)  that  from  fuch  pri- 

*  vate  Jealoufies,  and  the  Animoflties  or  Hate  of 
4  one  Party  againft  another,  who  once  feemed  to 
4  be  engaged  in  one  common  Caufe  agairirt  a  com- 

*  mon  Enemy,  there  have  been  on  the  Part  of  o- 
4  thers  evil   Compliances,  negative   and  pofitivc  ; 
4  yea,  we  doubt,  Contracts  and  Conjunctions  too, 
4  by  fome  fought,  by  other.-*  entertained   with  him 
4  and  his  Party,  (even  while  an  acknowledged  E- 

4  ncmy, 


¥be  Parliamentary  H  f  s  T  o  R  r 

«  nen}y)  to  the  Neglect  or  Difpending  of  the  cc-.r/- 

*  mon  Public  Intereft,  meerJy  for  the  Upholding  or 
November.      '  Strengthening  of  their  own,  and  the  Ruin  of  the. 

'  Party  particularly  oppofed. 

*  We  cannot  hut  be  fenfible  of  this,  becaufe  we 
c  have  felt  the  Efre&  of  it  in  the  Lofs  of  many  of 

*  our    dear     innocent    Friends     Lives,     with   the 

*  Hazard   of  our  own,   in  the  laft  Summer's  War  : 
c  For  even  from  this  Root,   as  we  have  more  than 
c  conje&ural   Grounds   to    underfrand,   the  Revolt 
'  in  Wales  had  its  Rife  and  Growth  ;   the  Scots  In-* 

*  vafion  had  its   Foundation   and  Invitation  ;   the- 
«  Revolt  of  the  Ships  ;  the  Rebellion  in  Kent,  Ef~ 
<fexi   &c.  and  the  feveral   Tumults,  Rifings,  and 

*  Disturbances    in    and    about    London,    and    the 
'  Southern  Parts,  had  their  Inftigation  and  Encou- 

*  ragement ;    and,    from    the  fame,  this  mifer^Wc 

e  enfnaring   Treaty,    its    Conception  and    Birth  :  ' 

*  And  if  from  the  Divifions  we  have,  fuch  deftruc- 

*  tive  Compliances    and   Conjunctions    have  been 

*  entertained  with,  and  fuch  Advantages  given  to, 

*  him  and  his  Party,  while  profefled   and  acknow- 

*  ledged  Enemies ;  what  worfe  may  we  not  expecl 

*  of  that  Kind,  when,  by  a  Peace  made,  they  fhall 

*  have  the  Reputation  of  Friends  to  give  Counte- 
4  nance  and  Confidence  thereunto  ? 

'  To  conclude  this  Point,  concerning  hi:;  Ad- 
f  vantages  after  Accommodation  and  Reftitution, 
'  to  overthrow  or  prejudice  the  Public  Intereft  : 

*  We  willconfefs  our  greateft  Fears  are,  from  the 
'  Confideration  of  the  A&    for  this   Parliament's 
'  unlimited  Continuance ;  wherein,    befides  Divi- 
'  fions   amongft  thofe  that  are,    or  profefs  to  be» 
'  for  the  Public,  if  he  fhaJl  ever  be  able,  by'parth- 
'  cular  Succefiions  of  new  Burgeffes,  according  to 

*  the  prefent  Conftitution,  or  any  other  Way*'  to 
4  form  a  prevailing  or  balancing  Party  for  his  Inte- 
c  reft  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons^  which  even  there 
'  he  feems  to  have  bid  fair  for  already,  (for  as  to 
'  the  Lords,  we  will  move  no  Queflion)   we  may 

*  then  juftly  yield  England's  Liberties  for  defunct, 
'when   that  which  ,  fhould  be   the  Confervative, 

'fhali 


*f   ENGLAND.  209 

*  fhall  be  turned  indeed  the  bane;  and   yet,  it  be- An.  24.  C«r.  I. 

4  ing  in  the  Place  and  Repute  of  the  only  Confer-     t  l648' , 

'  vative,  we  (hall,  through  that  A&,   be  debarred    November. 

*  from  Change  of  Medicine,  or  Ufe  of  other  Re- 

*  medy;  yea,  from  the  renewing  or   taking  frefli 

*  Choice  of  Medicine  in  the  fame  Kind,  but  muft 
4  keep  to  that  old  Mafs,  which  fuch  Putrefaction 
4  will  have    rendered   deadly,    and    will    probably 
4  vitiate  all  particular  Additions  of  frefh  Ingredients 

*  that  fhall  be  made,  while  the  old  Leaven  fhall 
4  remain  predominant. 

4  Neither  can  we  fee  any  poffible  Help  in  the 

*  Cafe  after  his    Reftitution,    though   you   fhould 

*  be  willing  to  lay  down  your  Power:    For,  indeed, 

*  to  fet  a  Period  to  this  Parliament,  and  not  there- 
4  with  provide  for  a  certain  Succeflion  of  Parlia- 
4  ments,  and  the  Certainty  of  their  Sitting  alfo, 
4  without  Dependence  on  the   King's  Will,  were 

*  to  leave  the  Kingdom  without  Aflurance  of  any 

*  Remedy  ;  or,  at  leaft,  of  Power  therein  to  help 
'  at   all,    and  fo  in  like  Condition  as  before  this 

*  Parliament :  And  to  make  Provifion  for  fuch   a 

*  Succeflion,    and    Certainty    of  Sitting  of  future 
4  Parliaments,  without  like   Provifion  for  a  more 

*  due  Conftitution,  by  more  equal  Elections  ;  freed 
4  from  fuch  Dependence  on    Prerogative    Grants, 
4  or  from   being    fo   fubjecl:  to  Prerogative  Com- 
4  mands,  as  now  by  the  Number  and  Nature  of 
4  Burgefs-fhips  theyftand,  were  to  render  the  Sue- 

*  ceflion  lefs  hopeful  or  fafe,  or  at  leaft  fubjecl:  to 
4  no  lefs  Corruption  in  the  fame  Kind,  than  the 

*  Conftitution    of  the  prefent  is  ;    and  you  having 
4  not  in  this  Treaty  propounded  any  Provifion  for, 
4  any  of  thefe  Things,  which  we  dare  boldly  af- 
4  firm  are  of  the  higheft  Concernment  to  the  Vin- 
4  dication  and  Prefervation  of  Public  Intereft  in  the 
4  very  Fundamentals  of  it ;  if  you  go  on  to  make 

*  a  Peace  upon  fuch  Terms,  as  if  this  Parliament 
4  were  to  continue  for  ever,   and  fet  the  reft  of  all 
4  our  Hopes   upon  that  Bafis,  we  may  juftly  pre- 
4  fume,  that,  when  a  Peace  is  made,  and  the  King 
4  icftored,  if  afterwards  you  would  come  to  Con- 

VOL.  XVIII.  O  4  fiderations 


2 1  o  *fhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  <  federations  of  laying  down  your  Power,  and  ma- 

.    _1^.'   j     '  king  fuch  Provisions  for  Succeflion,  as  is  before 

November.      *  exprefied ;   the    King,    whofe  Confent   you  ftill 

'  feem  to  make  neceflary  to   fuch    Things,    tho' 

*  it  is  like  he  would  readily  confent  to  be  rid  of 

*  this  Parliament,  fo  as  to  have  no  more  but  at 

*  his  Call  for  their  Meeting,  and  his  Will  for  their 
'  Continuance ;  or  perhaps  fo  as  to  have  no  better 

*  Provifion  for  the  one,    or  larger  for  the   other,* 

*  than  the  triennial  Bill  j  yet,  as  to  full  Certainty 
'  in  the  one,  or  fufficient  Enlargement  in  the  o- 
'  ther,  without  relation  to  his  Will  ;    and  much 

*  lefs  as  to  the  taking  away  of  Burgefs-fhips  de- 

*  pendent  on  his  Grant,    and  fubjecl   to  his  and 

*  his  great  Men's  Command;  and  the  reducing  of 
c  Elections  to  full  Equality  and  Freedom  :  We  fay, 

*  on  fuch  Terms  we  may  well  prefume,  from   the 

*  Reafon  and  Nature  of  the  King's  Intereft,  he  will 
'  not  willingly,  when  after  Peace  made  he  needs 
'  not,  give  up  his  Hopes  of  or  againft  this  Parlia- 

*  ment ;   but  rather  than  he  will  make,  or  bring 
'  upon  himfelf  and  Pofterity,  fuch  an  Entail  of  Par- 

*  liaments  as  he  can  never  hope  to  avoid,  and  thofe 

*  to  be  fo  independent  on  his  Will  for  their  Meeting 

*  or  Sitting  as    he  can  never  hope  to  avoid,  and 
'  conftituted  fo  equally  according  to  the  Intereft  of 

*  the  People,  as  he  can  never  hope,  or  cannot  de- 
'  fign  how,   to  pack  to  his  own,  he   will  prefer 
«  and  ftand  to  his  fairer  Hopes  of  making  his  Party 
'  good  with  this  Parliament  one  Way  or  other,  viz, 
c  either  in  and  by  it,  by  making   a  Party  in  it  as 

*  before  expreffed,  or  elfe  againft  it,  by    making 

*  Ufe  of  Difcontents  and  Impatience  in  the  People 
e  towards  it,  and  of  Divifions  within  itfelf,   at  laft 

*  to  deftroy  and  overthrow  it;  and  fo  to  deliver  his 

*  Crown,    once    for  all,    from  Wardfoip,    as    he 
6  counts  it,  to  Parliamentary   Power  ;  which,  by 

*  the  other  Conditions  might  have  been  perpetual  : 

*  And  if,    either  in  the  one  Kind  or  the  other,  he 
«  prevail  upon  this  Parliament,  his  Monarchy  and 
6  our  Slavery  will    be   abfolute,  and  probably  for 
e  ever ;  in  the  one,  by  feeming  Authority  of  Parlia- 

*  incut 


^ENGLAND.  2n 

*  ment  made  immortally  the  fame  j  in  the  other,  by  An.  24  Car.  r 
4  the  utter  Extinaion  of  it.  v l6^ 

*  But  to  proceed  from  Probabilities  of  Danger,     November. 

*  to  mew  the  certain  Infecurity  and  perpetual  Pre- 
4  judice  to  Public  Intereft,  that  an  Accommodation 

*  with  him,  and  Reftitution  of  him,  in  the  prefent 

*  Cafe  does  imply  :  Suppofe  the  beft  Conftitutions 

*  and  ftri&eft  Laws   imaginable  in   any  State,  yet 
f  their  infufficiency  and  Impotency,  as  to  the  pre  . 
4  ferving  of  Public  Intereft,  without  a   Power   to 
4  punim  thofe  that  violate  it  and  them  ;  or  where 

*  Perfons  in  Power  to  prejudice  the  fame,  efpecial- 

*  ly  if  in  fixt  and  lafting  Power,  fhall  {land  privi-     ' 
4  leged  from  being  punifliable,  whatever  they  do, 

*  is  obvious  to  each  confidering  Man  ;  the  Power 
4  of  Punifhment,  and  the  having  of  it  in  the  moft 

*  trufty  Hands,  and  no  particular  Perfons  to  be  ex- 
c  empt  from  their  Juftice,  being  that  effential  Part 
4  of  public  Intereft,  which  is  the  Fence  and  Guard 

*  of  all  the  reft  in  the  depraved  State  of  Mankind  : 

*  Now,  in  our  prefent  Cafe,  after  fo  many,  fo  great 
4  and  lafting  Violations  thereof,  committed  by  the 

*  King,  and  by  his  Procurement ;  and  after  his  fo 
'  long  and  obftinate  Maintenance  thereof,  and  Per- 
4  fiftence  therein,  and  fo   many  Refufals  of  that 
4  poor   Satisfaction  and  Security  you  now  defire, 

*  in    fo  much    as   you   once  refolved  againft  any 
'  more  Addrefles  ;  we  fay,  after  all  this  for  you, 

*  the  Supreme  Judicatory  of  the  Kingdom,  when 
4  he  is,  through  the  juft   Hand  of  God,   in  your 

*  Power  to  do  Juftice  upon,   yet  ftill    to  decline 

*  that  Way ;  and,  inftead  thereof,  to  feek  again  to 
4  him  your  Prifoner  in  the  way  of  Treaty,  to  re- 

*  ceive  what  Satisfaction  and  Security  you  can  get 

*  as  Conceffions  from  him ;  and  thereupon,  having 
4  only  fome  few  Inftruments  fubmitted  to  Juftice, 

*  and  that  by  his  Conceffion  too,  to  re-  admit  him- 

*  felf  to  the  Throne  with  Safety,  Freedom,  andHo- 

*  nour  ;  what  can  this  be  underrtood  to  (peak  lef^ 

*  that  that,    as  himfelf  and  his  Party  for  him  have 
4  ftill  exprefly  aflumed,  and  as  the  Pretence  and 

*  Ways  of  your  Proceedings  towards  him  hereto- 

O  2  «  fore 


2 1 2  The  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  6  R  V 

An.  24.  Car.  I. «  fore  have  too  much  implied,   he  is   indeed  above' 

l6^8-        e  any  human  Juftice,  and   not  accountable  to,  of 

November       '  punifhable  by  any  Power  on  Earth,  whatever  he 

'  does ;  And   fo,   befides  the   Bar  to  any  prefent 

*  Proceeding  of  Juftice  againft  himfelf,    whofe  one 
'  Example  in  that  Kind  made,  and  not  afterwards 

*  made  ineffectual    again,  as  others  of  that  Kind 

*  have  been,  by  the  Flattery  or  Degeneration  of 
6  fucceeding  Ages,  would  be  of  more  Terror  and 
'  Avail  than  the  Execution  of  his  whole  Party  ; 
'  yea,  than  all  the  Satisfaction  and  Security,  ver- 

*  bal  or   literal,  than  you   can  obtain  or  imagine^ 

*  without  it :  You  would  alfo,  by  fuch  Exemptiori 

*  of  him,  and  in  fuch  a  Cafe,  proclaim  the   like 
'  perpetual  Exemption  to  him  and  his    Pofterity, 
4  whatever  they    (hall  do,    or  in  whatever    Cafe, 

*  fince   none  can   be  imagined   more   pregnant  or 
'  ripe  for  Juftice  than  this  already  is  ;  and  would 
'  therein   give   the  moft  authentic  Teftimony  and 
c  Seal  that  ever  was,  to  all  thefe  deftrudlive  Court 

*  Maxims    concerning    the    abfolute    Impunity    of 
'  Kings,  their  Accountablenefs  to  none  on  Earth, 

*  and  that  they  cannot  err,  do  Wrong,   &c.  which 

*  Principles,   in  the   Senfe  to  which   they   are  ap- 

*  plied,    as  they  were  begot  by  the  blafphemous 
1  Arrogancy  of  Tyrants  upon  fervile  Parafites,  and 
'  foftered  only  by  flavifti  or  ignorant  People,  and 
'  remain  incur  Law-Books  as  Heir- Looms  only  of 

*  the  Conqueft  ;  fo  they   ferve  for  nothing  but  to 

*  eftablifh  that  which  begot  them,  Tyranny  ;  and  to 

*  give  Kings,  (who,  fo  far  as  they  claim  otherwife 

*  than  by  Conqueft,  are  but  Minifters  intruded  for 

*  Righteoufnefs  and  Peace)   the  higheft  Privilege, 
'  Encouragement,    and    Invitation  to   do  Wrong 

*  and  make  War,  even  upon   their  own   People, 

*  as    their   corrupt   Wills   or  Lufts   fhall   prompt 

*  them.     If  therefore  our  Kings  claim  by   Right 
'  of  Conqueft,   God  hath  given    you  the   fame  a- 

*  gainft  them  ;  and  more  righteous,   by  how  much 

*  that,  on  their  Parts,  was  extended  to  a  forcible 

*  Dominion  over  the  People,  which  originally  or 

*  naturally  they  had  not  5   and  ours  but  to  a  Deli- 


of   E  NG  L  AN  D.  213 

'  verance  from  that  Bondage,    into  that  State   of'  An.  24  Car.  j. 
c  Right  and  Freedom  which  was  naturally  and  mo-          J468. 

4  rally  due  to  us  before  :    If  they  claim   from  im-      „    ^      ' 
1 .         T-V    •         T-vr  •  it  i\-         •  November.  • 

*  mediate  Divine  Defignation,  let    them  mew  it : 

'  It  from  neither,  but  as  by  Confent  intruded  by 
'  and  for  the  People,  l$t  them  then  embrace  and 
'  partake  the  Conditions  of  fuch  ;  and  not,  as  if 
'  the  whole  People  were  made  only  for  them,  and 
'  to  ferve  their  Lufts  ;  or  had,  if  not  their  Being, 
'  yet,  all  their  Civil  Endowments  by  and  from 

*  them.     But  to  return  to  our  Purpofe  : 

6  If  you,  by  fuch  Proceedings  as  you  are  about 

*  towards  the  King  in  the  prefent  Cafe,  (hall  con- 
<  firm  and  harden  him  and  his   Pofterity  in  their 

*  aflumed  Privileges  of  Impunity,    &c.  whatever  is 
4  or  fhall  be  done  by  them,   what  new  Agreement, 
e  or  other  Bond  of  Man's  framing,   can  you  fup- 

*  pofe  to  hold  them,   and  efpecially  himfelf  that  has 
«  broke  the  ftrongcft  of  that  Kind  already  ;  and  we 
«  appeal  to  your  Conferences  upon  the  Reafons  be-' 

*  fore  given,  what  inward  Change  you  find  in  him, 
'  to  be  trufted,  but  that  he  and  they,  upon  the  fame 

*  Confidence  of  Impunity  to  themfelves,  whatever' 
'  they  do,   or  however  they  fucceed,  will   ftill  be 
'  ready  to  take  all  Advantages  and  try  all  Means, 
'  fo  long  as  they  can  find  any  Inftruments  that  will 

. '  ferve  them,  to  fet  up  their  own  Intereft,  to  the 

*  Prejudice  of  the  Public,  as  heretofore;  and  efpe- 
c  cially  to  avenge  or  vindicate  themfelves  and   it 
'  againft  the  fuppofed  Wrong  of  enforced  Concef- 

*  fions  ? 

'  And  why  fhall  we  not  think  they  will  find  In- 

*  ftruments  ftill  to  venture  for  them,  notwithftand- 
4  ing  your  punifhing  of  fome  in  that  Kind  ;  fince, 
'  while  your   own    Proceedings  admit   themfelves 
'  unpunilhable,  fuch  Inftruments   may  hope  that, 
«  at  the  worft  of   Succefs,   they'll  fave  all,  or  molt 

*  of  them,  as  now  ;  and,  themfelves  ftill  furviving 
4  to  renew, the  Quarrel,  it  m?.y  well  be  hoped,  that 
1  if  ever  they  prevail,   the  Inftruments   that  fhall 
'  furvive,  and    Heirs  of  the  reft,  will  be  repairc;! 

O  •?  *  with 


2 1 4  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY  * 

An.  a4  car.  I.  c  with  Honour  to  boot ;    fo  that  the  Adventure  of 

1648.         t  each  Inftrument  in   that  Kind,  being  but  as  of 

**— J       ~ — '    *  one  amongft  a  Multitude,   where   the   moft  are 

em  er*      '  fure  to  efcape,   is  of  fir  lefs  Hazard  than  a  Sol- 

*  diers  Venture  in  a  Field  Battle  ;  and  the  Hazard 
*      *  tnat   is,    efpecially    to    necefiitous  or  ambitious 

*  Men,  is  abundantly  recompenced  by  thofe  Hopes 
'  which  the    certain    Impunity,   befides    probable 
c  Advantages,  of  their  Head   does  give.     We  are 

*  fure  that,  as  to  any  Inftruments  venturing  again 
'  for  you  and  the  Public,  the  Hazard  is  infinitely 
'  greater  j  and,  in  human  Conftderations,  HO  En- 
6  couragement   comparable  to   thofe,  which,  after 

*  all   your   Propofition-Juftice  againft   his  Inftru- 

*  ments,  will  yet,    upon  this  Ground,  remain   to 
6  them   for  any  further  Engagements  in  behalf  of 
'  their  great  and  unpunifhable  Mafter,  And  there - 

*  fore,  as  in  all  Cafes  of  like  Rebellions  or  Civil 
'  Wars,  the  Prudence  of  moft  Nations  and  Ages, 

*  as  well  as  the  Juftice  of  the  Thing,  has  led  to  fix 
'  the  exemplary  Puniihment,    firft  upon  the  capital 

*  Leader,  and  upon  others  as  neareft  to  him,  and 

*  not.to  punifli  the  Inferiors  and  exempt  the  Chief; 
'  fo  in  this  your  Cafe  it  is  moft  clear,   that  to  fix 
c  your  Juftice  firft  upon  the  Head,  and  thereby  let 

*  his  Succeflbrs  fee  what  themfelves  may  expeft,  if 

*  they  attempt  the  like,   may  hopefully  difcourage 

*  them  from  heading  any  more  what  Inftruments 

*  they  might  find   in  the  like  Quarrel  ;   and  fo  is 
4  like  to  be  a  real  Security,  when  fuch  Inftruments 

*  cannot  find  an  Head  :  But  to  punifh  only  Inftru- 
'  ments  and    Jet  the  Head,  by   whofe  Power,    and 
*.in  whofe  Intereft,  all  has  been  done,  not  only  go 

*  free,  but  ftand  in  perpetual  Privilege  and  Impu- 

*  nity  to  head  fuch  Inftruments  again,  as  oft  as  he 
4  can  find  Opportunity,   and  get  any  to  ferve  him, 
c  is  a  Way  fo  far  from  Security,  as  it  leads  indeed 
'  to  endlefs   Trouble   and  Hazard,   or  the   perfect 
"•  Lofs    of  all.  And   befides,    in   point  of  Juftice, 

*  with  what  Conference  inferior  Minifters  can  be 
4  puniihed,  and    the  Principal   fet   free,  yea,   re- 

*  ftored 


^ENGLAND.  215 

c  ftored  to  Dignity  and   Honour,  for   whofe  only  An.  24  Car.  I. 
'  Intereft,  in  whofe  only  Quarrel,  and  by  whofe  v 
4  Commiffions    and  Commands,  they  have  a&ed, 

*  which  they  might    peihaps    conceive   to  oblige, 
4  or    at    leaft    co     excufe    them,    for    our    Parts, 

*  fince  we  have  ferioufly   weighed   it,    we  cannot 

*  underftand  :  We    are  fure  it  ieems  a  moft  un- 

*  equal  and    partial  Way    of  Juftice,    fuitable  to 

*  thofe  afprefaid  corrupt  or  abufed  Court  Maxims, 
4  whereon  alone  it  has  been  grounded  ;  as,  That 
4  the  King  can  do  no  Wrong,  &c.     And  indeed, 
4  whatever  Grounds  or  Reafons  Can  be  imagined 
4  to  exempt  Kings  from  human  Juftice,  or  to  ex- 

*  cufe  them  when  they  wilfully  give  Commiffions 
4  and  Commands  unto  their  inferior  Minifters   to 
4  do  Evil,   (which  we  are  fure  can  be  no  lefs  than 
4  fomething    of  Divinity,    and    abfolute  Indepen- 
4  dency,  as  to  Men,  fuppofed  to  be  in  them)  the 
4  fame  Principles,  if  admitted  and  fully  weighed, 
4  would  equally  extend  to  abfolve   and  indemnify 
4  thofe    Minifters.    for    what    they   do    in   pu.rfu- 
4  ance  of  fuch  Commiffions  and  Commands  ;  yea, 
4  and  bring  thofe  under  Condemnation    too   that 
4  {hould  forcibly  oppofe  him  or  them  therein.     We 
4  would  at  leaft  fain  hear  one  Principle  fufHcient 

*  for  the  one,  which  would  not,  by  rational  De- 
4  du&ion,  extend  to  both  the  other.     And  if  there 
4  be  none    fuch,    then  we  befeech   you  confider, 

*  whether  your  Re-admiffion  of  the  King,  in  the 
4  prefent  Cafe  and  Manner,  without  fo  much  as  his 
4  fubjecting  to  Judgment  or  Trial,  will  not  be  fo 
4  far  from  Security,    as  that  it  will  not  only  ener- 
4  vate  the  beft  Fence  of  Public  Intereft,  the  Power 
4  of  punifliing  Violators  of  it,  but,  in  cenfequence, 
4  fhake  the  Foundations  of  all  you  have  done  in  the 
4  War,  and  oveiturn  or  invalidate  all  you  feem  to 
4  obtain  in  the  Peace. 

4  Upon  this,  and  the  reft  of  the  Confiderations 

4  aforegoing,    we  crave  Leave  to   believe  that  an 

4  Accommodation  with  the  King,  in  the  Way  and 

4  Terms  you  are  upon,  or  any  at  all,  as  the  Cafe 

O  4  s  now 


2 1 6  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  £4Car.l.c  now  ftands,  that  {hall  imply  his  Reftitutron,  ot 

^48 f  c  {hall  not  provide  for  his  Subje&ion  to  Trial  and 

November.      '  Judgment,   would, 

Firft,  4   Not  be  juft  before  God  or  Man,  nor 

*  hopefully  good  ;  but  many  Ways  evil,  and  fo  not 

*  dcfirable  by  any  honeft  Heart  that  well    confi- 
'  ders  it. 

<  Secondly,  <  Would  not  be  fafe,  but  full  of  Ha- 
f  zard  and  Danger  ;  yea,  certain  Prejudice,  Dif- 
'  advantage,  and  Deftrudion,  both  to  the  Public 
6  Intereft  in  Queflion,  and  to  the  Perfons  tha,  have 
*•  engaged  for  it,  except  fuch  as,  by  bafe  Apoftacy 
4  from  it,  and  treacherous  Services  for  the  King 

*  againft  it,    have,    or  iha)l    have    emerited  their 
4  Pardons. 

And,  thirdly ^  c  If  in  another  Way   or   Cafe  it 

*  poflibly  could  be  fafe,  which  we  fee  not,  yet  in 

*  the  prelent  Treaty  and  Condition  the  King  is  in, 

*  it  cannot. 

'  Now  if  any  obferve  and  object,  That  the 
'  Grounds  aforegoing,  upon  which,  we  conclude 
4  thus,  would  extend  as  well  againft  an  Accom- 
c  modation  with  him  fince  his  Perfon  came  into 
c  the  Parliament's  Power,  or  at  leaft  againft  any 

*  Reftitution  of  him   thereupon,  without  his  firft 
'  fubmitting  to  Judgment,  and  a  Change  of  Heart 
'  and   Principles  ;    and    confequently   would   have 
'  ferved  as  well  againft  that  Accommodation  with 
'  him,  and  Reftitution  of  him,  which  the   Army 
'  feemed  once  to  plead  for  ;  we  ili^ll  confefs  it  as 
'  to  the  main,  and  we  have  only  this  to  fay, 

i/?,  c  That  your  whole  Pretence  and  Way  of 
e  proceeding  toward^  him  before,  and  at  that  Time  ; 
'  t:ie  State  you  have  kept  him  in  ;  your  particular 
f  Engagement  to  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland  for  ano- 
'  ther  Addrefs  to  him  ;  and  your  Preparation  to- 
'  wards  the  fame  at  that  Time,  had  wholly  led  us 
4  on  in  the  Suppofition  of  an  Accommodation  to 
4  be  ftill  endeavoured  with  him,  and  to  that  Sup- 
4  polition  on;  >.  our  then  Overtures  to  you  were 
e  framed  5  and  you  hi.d  not  then,  asfince,  by  your 

*  Votes 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  217 

*  Votes  of  No  farther  Addrefles,    and  your  Rea-  An.  24  Car.  I. 

4  fons  for  them,  cleared  our  Judgments  from  that  t  .'  *  '  j 
4  former  Mift,  and  lead  us  out  to  the  Thoughts  of  November. 
4  other  Ways  of  Security  againft  him  ;  nor  had 

*  pointed  towards  the  Way,  as  therc;:p<  n  you  have 
4  done,  in  taking  off  his  State,  and  clofe    impri- 

*  foning  his  Perfon. 

*  And  we  confefs  that,  fmce  our  Thoughts  have 

*  been  thus  fet  free,  and  led  out  that  Way,  befides 
4  the  good  Reafons  you   gave,  and  what   they  fur-j 

*  ther  difcovered  or  implied,  and  beficks  wh-t  other; 
'  Pens  have  enlarged  thereupon,  the  more  we  our-j 

*  felves   have  considered,  the  more  and  further   it 

*  hath  pleafed  God   to  let  us  fee  beyond   what  we 

*  did  before  :  So  that  your  bare  retracing  of  Votes, 
4  or  changing  your  Courfe,  without  better  or  any 
'  Reafons  given,  cannot  put  out  the  Light  which. 
6  your  former    Votes  with    Reafon    have    let   in, 

*  and  God  hath  given  his  Seal  and  Increafe  unto. 

2<//y,  4  Your  then   Councils,    and,  with  them, 

*  Our  Thr-ughts,  being  fc  fixed  upon  that  Way  of 
4  Addrefies  to  him,  we  thought  it  lawful  for  us  to 

*  tender  to  your  Confideratjon  fome  Things  to  be 
4  provided  for  therein,  which  were  cf  hijheft  and 
4  moft    fundamental   Concernment    to    the    public 
4  Intereft,     nd  not  thought  or  not  touch'd  oh  in 
4  your  former  Addrefles  or  then  Preparations  j  as, 
4  concerning    the     Succeffion,  Conftitution,    and 
4  clearing  the  Power  of  Parliaments  in  future,   &c. 
4  which  accordingly  we  propounded  to  be  taken  in 
4  with  moft  of  your  former  Proportions  ;  and  what- 

*  ever  we  exprefled  exciufively,  as  our  private  Opi- 
4  ntons  at  that  Time,  yet  our  whole  Overtures  be- 

*  ing  but  :us  Propofals  to  you,  and  not  immediately 
4  to  the   King,  it  was   far  from  our  Intentions,  as 
4  it  was  apparently  from  our  Practice,  to  prejudge 
4  or  preclude   your  Councils  from  any  further  or 
4  better  Provifion  for  the  Public  Intereft,  or  in  any 
4  furer  or  better  W^ay. 

3^/y,  *  Since  you  had  fo  far  engaged  in  the  Way 

*  of  AJdreiF.s,  we  had   fome  Apprchenfions  thei), 
'  as  from  the  Covenant  and  other  Confiderations, 

*  that 


2 1 8  Ybe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  <  that,  to  acquit  yourfelves  and  Adherents  before 

l64-8'        *  God  and  the  World,  in  relation  to  the  Snare  you 

November.      '  feemed  to  be  in,  'it  did  fomething  lie  upon  you  to 

*  make  one  Addrefs  for  all,  upon  Things  concern- 

*  ing  purely  the  Public  Intereft,  and  only  Eflentials 
'  thereunto,  without  Mixture  of  any  bye  Matters  ; 
4  from  which  either  you,  with  Safety  to  the  Public, 
'  could  poflibly  recede,  or  againft  which  he  might 

*  have  Colour  to  boggle,  as  it  were,  from  Con- 

*  fcience  or  other  fpecious  Pretences,  and  not  his 

*  own  Intereft  only ;  that  fo  you  might,  at  once  make 
'  a  full  and  clear  Trial  whether  you  could,  with  and 
1  by  his  Confent,  have  fuch  Security  to  the  Public 
4  Intereft,  as  that  you  might,  with  the  Prefervation 

*  and  Safety  thereof,  preferve  alfo  his   Perfon  and 

*  Honour,  as  in  your   Covenant ;  or  whether  he 
4  would    refufe    that  Security    to  Public  Intereft, 

*  meerly  for  the  upholding  of  his  own  in  Oppofi- 

*  tion  thereto,  without  other  Cavils,  Pretexts,  or 

*  Evafions :    And    accordingly    though,    we  may 

*  truly  fay,  we  never  preiled  you  fo  far  in  point 

*  of  Addrefs  to  him,  as  that  you  did  ever  actually 
c  make  any,  at  our  Inftance,  or  according  to  our 

*  Overtures  j  yet,  after  that  he  had  efcaped  from 
'  the  Army,  and  quitted  any  Pretext  of  Obligation 

*  upon  it,  in  relation  to  their  Defire  of  any  fuch 

*  Addrefs,  you  did  of  yourfelves  make  fuch  an  Ad- 
4  drefs  in  the  Tender  only  of  four  Bills,  concerning 
'*  iingly  the  Public  Intereft,  and  but  a  fmall  Part 

*  of  it,  meerly  for  neceflary  Security  to  it  and  your- 

*  felves,  in  order  to  a  Treaty  for  all  the  reft ;  in 

*  which  Tender  of  yours  we  found  clear  Satisfac- 
c  tion  in  our  Reafons  and  Confciences,  as  to  our 

*  aforefaid  fcrupulous  Apprehenfions  :  And  anfwer- 

*  ably  (when  you,  upon  his  Refufal,  refolved  againft 

*  any  more  Addreffes  to  him,  and  began  to  take 
«  another  Courfe  with  him)  we  did  upon  that  very 

*  *  Ground  declare  our  Acquiefcence  in  your  Votes, 
4  and  our  Refolutions  of  Adherence  to  you  there- 
4  in,  as  may  appear  in  the  Paper  then  prefented  to 

*  you  from  the   Army  :  And  yet  when  we  have 

*  faid  all  this,  or  whatever  might  more  be  faid  in 

*  our 


of   ENGLAND.  219 

'our  Excufe,  we  will,  upnn  the   Grounds,  here    An.  24  Car.  f, 

4  before  laid  down,  which  have  fince  been  more  t M 

4  clearly    made    out   to  us,    acknowledge    it   our     Kovcmbo. 
'  Weaknefs,  our  Error,  and  our  Fault,  both  as  to 

*  the  Matter  and   Terms  we    propounded   for  an 

*  Addrefs  to  him,  in  refpecl  of  Deficiency  or  In- 
4  fufficiency  therein  ;  and   a'fo  as  to  our  Dcfire  of 

*  any  fuch  Addrefs  at  all,  as  the  Cafe  then  ftood,  in 
4  refpecT:  of  the  Needlefsnefs  and  Infecurity  thereof, 

*  and  Want  of  Juftice  therein ;  although  we  fee 

*  and  own  the  Providence  of  God,  who  ordered  it 

*  for  the  beft,  that  you  did  make  fuch  a  one. 

*  Now,  if  yet  any  {ball  obje&  the  Covenant,  as 

*  perpetually  obliging  to  endeavour  the  Preferva- 
4  tion  of  the  King's  Perfon   and  Authority;  and 
4  confequently  not  allowing  any  fuch  \Vay  of  Se- 

*  curity  againft  him,  as  would  be  to  the  Hurt  of 
4  his  Perfon,  or  Prejudice  of  his  Authority  ;  and 

*  fo  concluding  us  under  a  Neceflity  of  perpetual 

*  Addrefles  to  him  for  Security,    untill  he  give  it, 

*  as  being  the  only  Way  confident  with  the  Pre- 
4  fervation  of  his  Perfon  and  Authority  :  To  this 
4  we  anfwer.  That  indeed  the  Covenant,  heaping 
4  together  feveral  diftinct  interefts,  which  are,   or 
4  poffibly  may  come  to  be,  inconfiftent,  or  one  de- 

*  ftructive  to  the  other,  or  at  leaft  may  be  (b  made 
4  Ufe  of;  and  yet  engaging  pofitively  for  them  all, 

*  without    expreffing   clearly    and    unqueftionably 
4  which  is  chief  and  perpetual  j  and  for  the  reft, 
4  how  far,  and  upon  what  Conditions  the  Cove- 
4  nanter  (hall  be  obliged  to  them,  and  what  (hall 

*  difoblige  him,  we  find   it  is,  as  other  promiflbry 
4  Oaths  of  that  Kind,  apt  to  be  made  a  very  Snare  -, 

*  ferving  to  draw  in  many  of  feveral  Judgments 

*  and  Affe&ions,    each  in  refpecl:  to  that  Intereft 
4  therein  engaged  for,  which  himfelf  does  moft  af- 
4  feel ;  and  fo  thofe  that  make  lead  Confcience  of 
4  the  Oath,  make  but  an  Advantage  of  it  upon  all 
4  Occafions,  to  cry  up  that  Intereft   which   them- 
'  felves  prefer,  though  to  the  Deftru&ion  and  Pre- 
4  judice  of  the  reft,  yea  of  that  which  is  really  the 
4  main    and    bcft ;    while  thofe   that    make  moft 

*  Confcience 


22O  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An  24  Car.  I.  c  Confcience  of  the  Oath,  and   affect  the  princi- 

l648'        <  pal  and  honefteft  Part  in  it,  are  often  with-held 

November.     '  from  what's  juft  and  neceflary  in  relation  there- 

'  unto,  being  ftagger'd  in  regard  to  the  Prejudice 

*  it  may  be  to  the  reft,  to  which  jointly  they  feem 
'  obliged.     But  this    Covenant,    as    it  is   drawn, 
'  though  it  have  fomething  of  that  enfnaring  Na- 

*  ture,  yet,  as  to  this  Point,  has  not  left  the  Ta- 

*  kers  without  an  honeft  Way  out ;    or  if  it  had, 

*  yet,  through  the  Providence  of  God,  the  Snare 

*  is  broken,  and  they  may  efcape.     For, 

Fir/i,  <  The  Covenant  engaging  to  the  Matters 

*  of  Religion    and  Public  Intereft,   primarily  and 

*  abfolutely,  without  any  Limitation  ;   and,    after 

*  that,  to  the  Prefervation  of  the  King's  Perfon 

*  and   Authority  ;  but  with  this  Reftri&ion,  viz. 

*  In  the  Prefervation  of  the  true  Religion  and  Li~ 

*  berttes  of  the  Kingdom.     In  this  Cafe,    though  a 

*  Cavalier  might   make    it  a  Queftion,    yet  who 

*  will  not  rationally  refolve  it,  That  the  preceding 

*  Matters  of  Religion   and  the  Public  Intereft  are 

*  to  be  underftood  as  the  principal   and  fupream 
'  Matters  engaged  for,  and  that  of  the  King's  Per- 

*  fon  and  Authority  as  inferior  and  fubordinate  to 

*  the  other  ?  And  if  fo,  then  we  appeal  to  all  rea- 
'  fonable  Men,  whether  thofe  Words,   in  the  Pre- 
'  fervation  of  the  true  Religion  and  Liberties^   can 
c  be  underftood  as  a  Reftridtion  of  our  Endeavours 

*  for  Prefervation  of  Religion  and  Liberties,  fo  as 

*  the  fame  may  not  be  endeavoured  in  any  Way 

*  that  would  be  to  the  Prejudice  of  his  Perfon  or 

*  Authority  ;  or  not,  furely,  as  a  Reftriclion  to  the 
'  Engagement  for  Prefervation  of  his   Perfon  and 
«  Authority,  fo   as  to  oblige  thereto    no  further, 
'  nor  in  any  other  Way,  than  fliall  be  confident 

*  with  the  Prefervation  and  Defence  of  the   true 

*  Religion  and   Liberties  of  the  Kingdoms  ?  Yea, 
'  might  it  not  juftly  be  fo  underftood,    that  the 

*  Obligation  to  preferve  his  Perfon  and  Authority, 

*  fhould  be  fulfilled  in  (as  well  as  not  extended 
'  further  than)  the  Prefervation  of  Religion  and 

*  Liberties  ?  In  fome  of  thefe  Senfes  thole  Words 

*  muft 


of   E<N  G  L  A  N  D.  221 

'  muft  be  underftood,  or  elfe  they  have  none  j  but  An.  34  Car.  l« 

*  are  vain  Words,  making  a  vain  Oath.     If  they         l64§' 

'  were  to  be  underftood  in  the  firft  Senfe,  then,  we     November. 
'  are  fure,  the  whole  Proceedings  of  both  King- 

*  doms,   in  making  and  maintaining  War  againft 

*  him  for  Prefervation  either  of  Religion  or  Liber- 
c  ties,  were  queftionable  for  Breach  of  the  Cove- 

*  nant ;  fmce  that  Way  of  preferving  them  did  tend 
'  probably  to  the  Deftru6tion,   and  was   without 
'  any  fafe  Provifion  for  the  Defence  either  of  his 

*  Perfon,  or  of  that  Authority  that  can  properly 
'  be  called  his,  or  underftood  in  Conjunction  with 
'  his  Perfon,  but  that   therein    his  Perfon  might 

*  probably  have   been  deftroyed  under   the   Sword, 

*  or  by  a  Bullet ;  yea,  was  ordinarily  endeavoured 
'  to  be  fo,  as  well  as  the  Perfons  of  others  in  Arms 

*  with  him  ;  and   that  Authority  of  his  was   cer- 

*  tainly  oppofed    and   endeavoured  to  be   deftroyed 

*  thereby,  inftead  of  being  defended. 

'  If  thefe  Words  be  to  be  underftood  in  either  of 

*  the  latter  Senfes,  then  it  follows, 

i.  '  That  if,    by    Reafon   or   Experience,  the 
'  ordinary  Lights  Men  are   in  human   Things  to 

*  walk  by,  we  find  that  the  making  of  Peace  with 

*  him,  and   therein   the  preferving  or   reftoring  of 
'  his  Perfon  or  Authority,  is,  as  the  Cafe  happens, 

*  either  an  unrighteous  Thing,    (in  refpeft  of  the 

*  Blood   and  Spoil  he  hath  caufed  in  oppofmg  that 

*  Covenant  ever  fince  it  was  made  and  tendered  ; 
'  and    of    his   never   coming   in    or  ceafmg   that 
'  Mifchief,    till    by   P'orce    reduced,    and   by  the 
4  Hand  of  God  delivered  into  the  Power  of  your 
'  Juftice)   and,  in   thefe  and   other  Refpects,  not 

*  confiftent  with  true  Religion;  or  elfe  that  no 
4  inward     Conviction,    Remorfe,    or    Change   of 

*  Heart  and  Principles  rationally  appearing  in  him, 

*  it  be  not  fafe,  but  full  of  vifible  Danger,  if  not 

*  certainly  dtftrudlive,  to  Religion   or  Public  In- 

*  tereft,  or   to  the  Perfons   that  have  entered  into 

*  that  Covenant,  or  encaged  in  the  common  Caufc; 

*  then  furely,  by  the  Covenant  itfelf,  the   Prder- 
'  vation  of  his   Perfon  and  Authority  is  not  to  be 

*  cndea~ 


222  ¥he  Parliamentary  M I  s  T  o  R  Y 

An.  24  Car.  i.  <  endeavoured  fo  far,  or  in  fuch  a  Way  ;  and  con- 

I64&<        <  fequently  fuch  a  Peace  with  him,  in  fuch  a  Cafe, 

November.      *  1S  not  to   ^e  f°ugnt  or  admitted,  or  at  leaft  the 

'  Covenant  obligeth  not  to  it,  but  againft  it ;  and 

'  whether  the  prefent  Cafe  and  Confequences  be 

*  not  fuch,  we  refer  to  our  feveral  Reafons  before 

*  given. 

2.  '  From  that  Senfe  it  alfo   follows,  that  if, 

*  by  the  fame  Light  we  find   that,    fuppofing  no 
'  Peace  to  be  made  with  him,  the  continued  Pre- 

*  fervation   of   his  Perfon  in  your  Hands,  though 
'  clofe  in  CariJbrooke-Ca/tle^  or  the  letting  him  go 

*  whither  he  will   to   preferve  himfelf,  and  your 

*  forbearing  to  bring  him  to  Account  or  Judgment 

*  for  ought  he  has  done,  (when  God  has  fo  given 

*  him  into  your  Power,   and   given   you  fo   clear 
'  Grounds  of  proceeding  againft  him)  would   be 

*  either  an  unrighteous  Thing,  and  fo  inconfiftent 

*  with  true  Religion;  orfo  far  inconfiftent  with  the 

*  Prefervation  and  Defence  of  Religion  and  Liber- 

*  ties,    or  with  your  covenanted  utmoft  Endeavour 
'  to  preferve  them,  as  that  it  would  vifibly  expofe 
4  them,  and  thofe  that  have  engaged   in  Covenant 

*  for  them,  to  perpetual  Danger ;    give  perpetual 
4  Occafion  and  Advantage  for  new  Wars  and  De- 

*  figns,  to  the  Deftruction  of  them,  or  to  the  mul- 

*  tiplying  of  Blood  and  Oppreflion  upon  the  King- 

*  doms ;  give  the  King  and  his  Pofterity  a  perpe- 

*  tual  Privilege  of  Impunity,  and  therein  an  Invi- 
4  tation  or  Encouragement  to  multiply  Attempts  of 

*  the  like  or  greater  Mifchiefs,  though  to  the  Over- 
'  throw  of  all  Religion  and  Liberties  ;  yea,  would 

*  give  Encouragement  alfo  to  Inftruments  to.ferve 

*  them  in  fuch  Attempts  ;  and  thus  would  harden 

*  the  Hearts  both  of  them  and  their  Inftruments  in 
'  fuch  Things,  to  the  Ruin   and  perpetual  Preju- 

*  dice  and  Danger  of  thofe  higher  Things  covenant- 

*  ed  for,    and   Perfons    covenanting  ;    and,  laftly, 

*  would  in  confequence  debar  you  from  that  which 

*  is  the  beft  Fence,   yea,  efiential  to  the  Defence 

*  of  Public  Liberties,  and  pofitively  covenanted  fo, 
'  -viz.  The  Punifhment  of  anv  the  Violaters  there- 

4  of, 


^ENGLAND.  223 

1  of,  if  his  Minifters,  and  by  his  Commiflion ;  or  An*  2t^ar*  '* 
c  would  render  your  neceflary  proceeding  againft  . 

4  fuch,  unequal  or  fcandalous ;  then  furely  to  the     November. 

*  exempting  of  him  from  Juftice,  and  a  continued 
4  Prefervation  of  his  Perfon,  fo  far,  or  in  fuch  a 

*  Way,  and  in  fuch  a  Cafe,  the  Covenant  cannot 
4  be  underftood  to  oblige,  but  rather  to  the  con- 
'  trary  :  Or,  if  it  might  be  fo  underftood,  doth  it 

*  not  call    for   Explanation  to  clear  it  from  being 

*  underftood  in  fo  wicked  a  Senfe  ?  Yea,  if  it  did, 

*  by  the  Advantage  of  Words,  extend  to  fuch  a 

*  Senfe  paft  Explanation  ;  and  if  fo,  through  Error; 
4  Inconfideration,  or  Deceit  in  the  framing  of  it ; 
'  or  through  Flattery,   evil  Cuftom,  or  Unbelief 

*  and  carnal  Policy  in  the  pafiing  of  it,  you  had  li- 
4  terally  engaged  yourfelves,  and  drawn  in  others 
8  to  be  engaged  unto  fo  wicked  and  mifchievous  a 

*  Thing,  did  it  not  call  for  Repentance  when  you 
4  find  fuch  Wickednefs  in  it  ?  And  rather  than  un- 
'  neceflarily  to  continue  yourfelves,  and  hold  others, 

*  under  but  a  Colour   of  Obligation  to  a  Thing 
4  fo  evil,    fo  full  of  Prejudice  and  Danger  unto, 

*  and  fo  inconfiftent  with,  the  Security  of  fo  many 
4  other  unqueftionably  good  Things ;  to  which  in, 

*  the   fame  Covenant,  as   well  as    by   immutable 

*  Duty,  you  ftand  obliged,  would  it  not  call  for 

*  your  utmoft  Confideradon  and  Endeavour,  fo  far 
'  as  Providence  has  left  you  any  Occafion,  without 

*  Sin  or  Wrong,  to  extricate  and  clear  yourfelves 
4  and  others  from  fuch  a  Snare  ?  In  order  to  which 
'  we  proceed  and  fay, 

Secondly,   *  That  whatever,  or  how  exprefly  fo- 

*  ever,  the  Covenant  may  feem  to  have  engaged 

*  unto,  or  poflibly  might  have  faid  or  purported  any 

*  Thing  in  the  King's  Behalf,    or  to  his  only  Be- 
4  nefit,  yet,    as  God  has  ordered  the  Bufinefs,    it 

*  does  not  now  oblige  you  at  all  before   God  or 

*  Man,  in  that  Matter.     For, 

I.  *   Confidering  it  only  as  a  Covenant  betwixt 
'  Man  and  Man,  as  for  the  Civil  Parts,  it  is,  where 

*  many  or  feveral  Perfons  joining  to  make  a  mutual 

*  Covenant  or  Agreement,  do  therein  covenant  for 

1  fume 


224  T fa  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Jar.  1.  *  f  ;me  Things  to  the  Good  and  Union  of  thertt- 

*  [elves   amongft  themfelves,  who  are  prefent  and 
'  Parties   to  it ;    and,   withall,   do   make    a   cove- 
'  nanting    Claufe    therein    for  fomething   elfe    to 
'the  Good  or  Benefit  of  another  Perfon,  not  pre- 
'  fent,  nor  Party  to  the  Agreement ;  but  whom  and 
c  whofe  Intereft,   in  regard  of  fome  Concernment 

*  of  his  in  their  Bufinefs,  or  from  good  Affection 

*  to  him  and  Dcfire  of  Peace  with  him,  they  would 

*  willingly  provide  for  as  well  as  for  their  own,  to 

*  the  end  he   might  join  with  them   in   the  Agree- 
«  ment,  and  partake  the  Benefit  thereof  as  well  as 

*  themfelves  ;   we  fay,   in  fuch  Cafe,   if  the  abfent 

*  Party,  as  he  never  required  it,  fo  when  it  is  ten- 
'  dered  to  him  for  his  Conjunction,   (hall  not  ac- 
'  cept  the  Agreement,   but  refufe  to  join  it ;    and, 

*  conceiving  his  Intereft  prejudiced  thereby,    fhall 

*  oppofe    it,   and   begin,    profecute,    and    multiply 

*  Contefts   with    all  .the    Covenanters    about    the 

*  Matters  contained  in  it ;   furely  that  Perfon  in  fo 
'  doing,    as   he    keeps    himfelf  free   and    no  way 

*  obliged  thereby,   as   to   what  concerns   the  reft, 
'  who  concluded  it  of  their  own  Heads,  fo  he  ex- 
'  eludes  himfelf  from   any  Claim  to   any  Benefit 

*  therefrom  at  their  Hands   as   to  what  concerns 

*  himfelf,  while  he  continues  fo   refufing  and  op- 

*  pofing  ;   and  by  his  once  refufing  upon  a  fair  and 
4  full  Tender,  though  he  had  done  no  worfe,  fets 

*  the  other  Covenanters  free  from  any  further  Obli- 
'  gation,    by  virtue  of  that  Covenant,   as  to  what 
'  concerns  his  Intereft  or  Benefit  therein,  although 

*  the   Covenant,  as    to  other  Matters  concerning 

*  the   Right  and   Benefit  of  the  Covenanters   one 

*  from  another,  ftands  frill  obliging  and  in  Force  j 

*  and   whatever  they  fhall  afterwards   do  to  him, 
'  tho'  indeed  contrary  to  the  Letter  or  Intention  of 
'  fuch  Claufe  in  their  Covenant  on  his  Behal'f,  yet 

*  it  cannot,  by  virtue  of  that  Covenant,  be  under- 

*  flood  as  a  Wrong  to  him  ;  and,  consequently,  not 

*  a  Wrong  to  any  othrr,  before  God  or  Man,  fince 

*  none  but  he,   tho'  it  had  been  made  or  accepted 

*  as  mutual,  could    challenge    the    Benefit  of  it. 

«  Now 


^ENGLAND.  225 

1  Now  whether  this  be  not  your  Cafe  in  relation  to  An-  24  Car.  T, 
'  the  K;ng  in  this  Covenant,  witnefs  your  making        *  *8' 

*  and  taking  of  it  without  and  againft  his  Confent; 

*  witnefs  his  oft  and  continued   Refufals  to  accept 
'  or  join   in  it ;  his  oppofmg  and  fighting  againft 
'  yourfelves  and  others,  both  in  and  for  the  taking 

*  and  profecuting  of  it  J  and  as  for  the  Intention  of 

*  putting  that  Claufe  concerning  him  into  the  Co- 

*  venant,   though  made  in  his  Abfence,  and  with- 
'  out  his  Confent,  it  cannot,  by  the  general  Na- 
'  ture  of  fuch  Covenants,   be  underftood  to  be  that 
'  by  it  yourfelves  (hould  be  obliged  to  that  of  his 

*  Intereft  abfolutely,  whether  he  would  accept  of 

*  join  in  the  Covenant,   or  refufe  and  oppofe  it  j 
'  but  only  to  exhibit  your  Care,   and   (hew  how 
e  willing  you    were,  really  to  go   as  far   as   you 

*  could  therein,  that  he  and  his  Intereft  fo  far  as 

*  juft,  might  be  provided  for  therein  as  well  as  your 
'  own  and  the  Kingdom's  j   and   that  you  had  no 
'  Defign  to  exclude  or  prejudice  his,  if  he  would 
'  accept  and  join  in  the  Agreement  as  to  the  other  ; 
'  and  even  fo  the  Words  added  to  and  clofmg  up 
'  that  Claufe  in  the  Covenant  do  import,  viz.  That 

*  the  World  may  bear  JPltnefs  with  our    Conferences 

*  of  our  Loyalty r,    and  that  we  have  no  Thoughts  or 
'  intentions    td    dlminijh   his   Majejly's  jujl    Power 
'  and  Greatnefs. 

2.  '  Confidering  it  as  an  Oath,   the  Form  of  an 
'  Oath  added  to  that  of  a  Covenant,  makes   it  no 

*  other  than  a  Covenant  ftill,  but  taken  as  in  the 
4  Prefence  of  God,    and  only  adds  the  calling  of 
'  God  to  witnefs,  as  to  the  Truth  of  your  Inten- 
'  tions  and  Faithfulnefs  of  your  Endeavours  to  per- 
'  form  what  it4  as  a  Covenant,  obligeth  unto  j  and 
'  look  how  far  it,  in  the  Nature  of  a  Covenant,  as 
c  to  any  particular  Matter,   obligeth  ;    fo  far,  and 
'  no  further  or  otherwife,  doth  that  calling  of  God 

*  to  witnefs  engage  him   the  more   to  avenge  any 

*  Falfhood  in  your  Intentions,  or  Unfaithfulncfs  in 

*  your  Endeavours  to  perform  it.     And  this  is  all 

*  the  Inforcement  which  that  Form  of  an  Oath 

*  addeth  to  that  of  a  Covenant,  without  obliging 

Vol.  XVIIL  P  '  tt 


226  fix  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  <  to  any  further  Matter,  or  for  any  longer  or  more 

>6*8>         *  abfolute  Continuance  than  it,  as  a  Covenant  doth 

November*     '  oblige :    And  therefore  wherein,  and   upon  what 

*  Suppofition    foever,   the  Obligation  ceafeth  as  a 

*  Covenant,    that  Inforcement    alfo  ceafeth  as  an 

*  Oath  ;  fo  that  if,  as  a  Covenant,  it  oblige  not  to  his 

*  Benefit,  upon  Suppofition  of  his  Refufal  or  Op- 
'  pofal,  upon  the  fame,  it  inforceth  nought  to  his 

*  Benefit  as  an  Oath. 

*  If  any  object.  That  in  what  we  have  here  faid 

*  we,  who  profefs  to  diflike  the  impofing  of  the 

*  Covenant  with  any  Penalty  or  Profecution  againft 

*  Refufers,  do  feem  to  take  Advantage  againft  his 
'  Majefty  for  Refufals;  we  anfwer^  We  fay  not< 

*  for,  but  upon  j   and  if  no  other  Penalty  be  ever 
,                   '  put  upon  Covenant-Refufers*  fave  not  to  claim 

*  Benefit  by  it,  we  {hall  ever  acknowledge  that  to 

*  be  moft  juft  and  reafonable  againft  ourfelves,  if 
4  Refufers. 

'  Having  thus  endeavoured  to  remonftrate  the 
«  Danger  and  Evil  of  the  Way  you  are  in,  and 

*  cleared  the  Way  unto  what  we  have  to  propofe, 
«  we  fhallj  with  the  fame  Plainnefs  arid  Faithful- 

*  nefs,  give  you  our  Apprehenfiotts  of  the  Reme- 

*  dies  ;  for  which  Purpofej  upon  all  the  Reafons 

*  and  Confiderations    aforegoing,   we   proceed  to 
'  offer  as  folldweth  : 

Fir/I,  *  We  conceive  and  hope  that,  from  what 

*  hath  before   been  faid,  you  may  find   abundant 

*  Caufe  to  forbear  any  further  proceeding  in  this 
'  evil  and  moft  dangerous  Treaty,  and  to  return 

*  to  your  former  Grounds  in  the  Votes  of  Noh- 

*  addrefles,  and  thereupon  proceed  to  the  fettling 
'  and  fecuring  of  the  Kingdom  without  arid  againft 

*  the  Kirigj  upon    fuch    Foundations  as  hereafter* 

*  are  tendered ;    but    if;    notwithftanding   all   the 
4  Evils  and  Dangers  remonftrated  to  lie  even  in  the 

*  Treaty  itfelf,  you  will  yet  proceed  in  fuch  an  evil 

*  Way,   we  (hall  at  leaft  defire  that  you  make  fure 

*  to  avoid  that  main  Venom  and  Mifchief  attend- 
'  ing  it,  viz.  The  King's  Reftitution  with  Impu- 

*  nity,  &V,  and  that  imperfect  Bargaining  for  par- 

•tial 


of   ENGLAND.  227 

*  tail  juftice  againft  inferior  Offenders;  and  far  the  An.  *4  Car,  I- 

*  Avoidance  of  thefe  we  propoundj  ^      164.8. 

1.  '  That  you  would  reject  thofe  Demand?  of     No\ejiber. 
s  the  Kingi  fent  to  you  on  his  and  his  Party's  Be- 

1  half,  and  efpeciaily  in  relation  to  that  concerning 

*  his  Reftitution  or  Return  to  Lmdm,   with  Free- 

*  donij  tsc.  that  it  may  be  exprefly  declared   and 

*  provided  by  you,  that,  notwithftanciing .any  Thing 

*  concluded  or  to  be  concluded  in  this  Treaty,  the 

*  Perfon  of  the  Kino;  may  and  (hall  be  proceeded 
'  againft  in  a  Way  of  Juftice,  for  the  Blood  fpiltj 

1  and  the  other  Evils  and  Mifchiefs  done  by  him,     . 
f  or  by  his  Commiflion,  Command,  or  Procurement ; 
*•  and,  in  order   thereto,  that  he  be    kept  in  fafe 

*  Cuftody  as  formerly. 

2.  *  That  for   other  Delinquents    you   would 
'•  lay  afide  that  particular  bargaining  Proportion, 

*  which,  as  we  underftand,  the  King  hath  refufed 

*  in  the  Terms  you  offered)  and  whereby  all  your 
c  Juftice   and  Mercy  too  would  be  rendered,   both 

*  for  the  Matter,  Qualifications,  and  Circumftances 

*  thereof,  to  be  dependent  upon  particular  Contract 

*  with,  and  Grant  from^  the  King,  and  not  upon, 

*  the  judicial  Power  of   the  Kingdom   in  Parlia-- 

*  ment;  and  that  inftead  thereof  it  may  be  declared 

*  and  provided  by  you,  that  all  Delinquents  (hall 

*  fubje&  and  fubmit  to  the  afurefaid  judicial  Power, 
4  to  be  thereby  proceeded  againft  according  to  Ju- 

*  fticej  or  with  Mercy,  as  Caufe  fhajl  appear  ;  and 
'  thai  none  (hall  be  exempt  or  protected  thsrefrom, 

*  nor  pardonable   by    any  other  Power  than  that 

*  of  the  Kingdom  in    Parliament,  by  which  they 

*  (hall  be  judged.     This  we  propound^  to  the  end 
"  that  Public  Juftice,  and  the  Interdt  of  the  King- 
'  dom  therein,  may  be  vindicated,  falved,  and  la- 

*  tisfied ;  and  yet)  when  that  is   fo  provided  for, 

*  and,   in  fome  fitteft  Examples  of  Juftice  upon 
«  chief  Offenders,  fhall  be  effectuated,  v/e  wife  as 

*  much  Mercy  and  Moderation  to  the  Generality, 

*  upon  their  Submiflion,  as  formerly  we  have  both 

*  defiredand  ufed5  or  as  can  confift  with  the  Public 

*  Intereft  and  Safety,    and  with  competent  Satif- 

P  a- 


*Tbe  Parliamentary 

faction  to  thofe  that  have  engaged  and  fufFere<3 
for  it§ 

November1          *  ^>  *n  re^ati°n  to  tne  former  of  thefe  Provifions, 

*  viz.   concerning  the  Perfon  of  the  King,  it  be 
c  thought  an  unreafonable  or  unbefeeming  Demand 

*  in  a  Perfonal  Treaty,  that  one  Party,  after  Con- 
'  ceffions  to  the  other  in  all  the  Matters  of  Right, 
'  and  other    Things    in  Queftion,   fhould  agree, 

*  befides,   to  be   puniihed  himfelf  for  having  mad£ 
'  the  paft  Conteft  about  them  j  we  confefs  it  might 
c  be  thought  fo  in  a  Treaty  betwixt  Parties  ftand- 
'  ing  both  free,  and  iri  ah  equal  Balance  of  Power1 

*  or  Poflibilities  to  obtain  the  Caufe ;  but  fo  far  as 
'  a   Treaty  can  rationally  or  properly  be  with  a 
'  Party  wholly  fubdued,  captivated,  and  imprifon- 

*  edi  or  in  the  Power  of  the  other,  to  fach  a  Treaty 
'  fuch  Demands,  if  otherwife  juft,  are  very  fuitable 
'  and  proportionable  j  and^  in  any  Treaty,  it  feems 

*  furely  no  lefs  fuitable  to  demand  the  Principal  to 

*  Juftice  than  the  Acceflaries,  that  were  but  his 

*  necefTary  and  proper  Agents  in  the  Conteft,  efpe- 

*  cially  where  he  is  as  much,  if  not  more,  within 
'  the  other  Party's  Power  as  they}  and  where  it  is 

*  not  fo  much  a  demanding  hfm  to  Juftice,  as  a 
c  ^rovifo  thati  being  already  in  the  Power  of  their 
'  Juftice,  they  will  not  exempt  him  from  it; 

*,Thus,  therefore,  the  Power  of  Juftice  arid 
'Mercy  being  faved  or  referved,  we  proceed  in 
c  order  to  the  actual  difpenfmg  theffcof,  in  relation 

*  to  the  late  Wars ;  and^  thereby,  to  Peace  with 
*-  God,  and  prefent  Quiet  amongft  Men,  to  pro- 

*  pound  as  folldweth  : 

I.  '  That  the  capital  and  grand  Author  of  our 

*  Troubles,  the  Perfon  of  the  King,    by  whofe 

*  Commiflioris^  Commands,  or  Procurement,  and 
'  in  whofe  Behalf,  and  for  whofe  Intereft  only,  of 
'  Will  and  Power,  all  our  Wars  and  Troubles  have 
'  been,  with  all  the  Miferies  attending  them,  may 
c  be  fpeedily  brought  to  Juftice  for  the  Treafon$ 

*  Blood,  and  Mifchief  he  is  therein  guilty  of. 

1.  *  That  a  timely  and  peremptory  Day  m:u  be 

*  fet  for  the  Prince  of  /Ftf/«  and  the  Diike  ol  >  o>  k 

fc  10 


. 


^ENGLAND, 

f  to  .come   in  and  render  them fel yes ;  by   which  An, 

*  Time,  if  they  do  not,  that  then  they  may  be  im- 
'  ^mediately  declared  incapable  of  any  Government 

C  4^       L     •  L-        V         J  u        T\          •      •  N8N«!.rl»*4. 

*  or  Truft  jn  this  Kingdom,   or  the  Dominions 
'  thereunto  belonging,  or  of  any  Kind   oi   Right 

'  within  the  famej  and  thence  to  (land  exiled  for    * 

*  ,ever,  as  Enemies  and  Traitors,  and  to  die  without 
'  Mercy,  if  ever  after  found  and  taken  therein;  or 

*  if  by  the  Time  limited,   they,  or  either  of  them, 

*  do  render  themfelves,  that  then  the  Prince  for  his 
'  capital  Delinquency,  being  in  Appearance  next 

*  unto  his  Father's,  may  either  be  proceeded  againft 
•*  in  Juftice,    or  remitted,  according  as  upon  his 

*  Appearance  he  fhall  give  Satisfaction  or  not,  con- 
•'  cerning  his  being  drawn  into  the  rebellious  En- 
'  gagements    he  -has  appeared  to  head.     And  the 

*  Duke,    as  he  (hall  give  Satisfaction  or  not  coii- 
'  cerning  his  Carriage  in  and  fince  his  going  out  of 
e  the  Kingdom,  being  without  Leave,  and  in  Op- 
'  pofition  or  Contempt  of  the  Parliament,  and  to 
'  the  Prejudice  of  the  Public  Peace,  may  accord- 
c  ingly  be  confidered  as  to  future  Truft,  or  not ; 

*  But,  however,  that  the  Eftate  and  Revenue  of 

*  the  Crown  may  be  fequeftered,  and  all  the  Mat- 

*  ter  of  coftly  Pomp  or  State  fufpended  for  a  good 

*  Number   of  Years,    while  the  Defolations  and 
?  Spoils  of  the  poor  People  made,  by  and  in  behalf 
f  of  that   Family^  and  for  that  vain  Intereft,  the 
f  State    and    Greatnefs    thereof  may  be   in  good 

*  Meafure  repaired  'or  recovered  j  and  that  the  Re- 
e  venue,  faving  neceflary  Allowances  for  the  Chil- 

*  dren's  Maintenance,  and  to  old  Servants  and  Cre- 

*  ditors  of  the  Crown,  not  Delinquents,  and  alfo 
^  the  100,000 /.  per  Annum^  voted  to  the  Crown  in 

*  lieu  of  the  Court  of  Wards,  may,  for  thofe  Years, 

*  be  difpofed  towards  public  Charges,   Debts,  and 
'  Damages,    for    the    eafing  and  leflening  of  the 

*  People's  Contributions  towards  the  fame  j  fo  as 

*  the  Eftates,   neither  of  the  Friends  to  the  Public 
6  Intereft,  nor  alone  of  the  inferior  Enemies  there- 
4  to,  may  bear  wholly  the  Burden  of  that  Lofs  and 

*  Charge,   which,    by    and    for  that  Family,    the 

P  3  '  King* 


330  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  IA  Car.  I.  c  Kingdom  or  the  good  People  thereof  have  been, 
^^         '^  f    '  or,  for  future  Security,  {hall  be  put  unto. 
November.  3-  '  That,    for  further    Satisfaction    to  Public 

'  Juftice,  capital  Puniftiment  may  be  fpeedily  ex-* 

*  ecuted  upon  a  competent  Number  of  his  chief  In- 

*  ftruments  alfo,    both    in  the    former  and   latter 
c  War  ;  and,  for  that  Purpofe,  that  fome  fuch  of 

*  both  Sorts,  may  be  pitch'd  upon  to  be  made  Ex^. 

*  amples  of  Juflice  in  that  Kind,  as  are  really  in 
'  your  Hands  or  Reach,  fo  as  their  Exception  from 

*  Pardon  may  not  be  a  Mockery  of  Juftice  in  the 
'  Face  of  God  and  Men. 

4.  *  That  exemplary  Juftice  being  done  in  ca- 
'  pital  Puniftiment  upon  the  principal  Author  and 

*  forre  prime  Inftruments  of  our  late  Wars,  and 
'  thereby  the  Blood   thereof  expiated,  and  others 

*  deterred  from  future  Attempts  of  the  like  in  either 

*  Capacity,  the   reft  of  the  Delinquents,  Englijb^ 

*  in  relation  to  the  Wars,  may,   upon  their   Sub- 

*  miflion  and  rendering  themfelves  to  Juftice,  have 

*  Mercy  extended   to    them  for  their  Lives  j  and 
c  that  only  Fines  may  be  fet  upon  them,  with  rea-r 

*  fonable  Moderation,  but  with  refpedt  to  pubKc 
'  Damages,    and    their    Perfons  further  cenfured, 

*  and    declared  to  be  incapable  of  any   Office  or 

*  Place  of  Power  or  public  Truft  in  the  Kingdom  ; 
'  or  of  having  any  Voice  in   Elections  theieto,  at 
'  leaft  for  a  competent  Number  of  Years  ;  that  alfo 

*  a  fhort  and  peremptory  Day  may  be  fet,  by  which 

*  Time  all  fuch  Delinquents  may  have  final  Warn- 

*  ing  to  cotne  in  and  render  themfelves  to  Juftice, 

*  and  to  tender  their  Submiflicns  to  fuch  Fines  and 
'<  Ccnfures  as  aforefeid  ;  and  that  fuch  of  them  as 

*  (hall  fo  do  by  the  Day  affigned,  and  (hall,  with-* 

*  all,  pay  in  or  fecure  their  Fine,  according  to  rea- 
<  fooable  Time  given,    may  have  their  Sequeftra- 

*  tions  taken  off,  and  be  reftored  to  their  Eftates ; 
'  and  that  ro  all  fuch,   as  alfo  to  all  thofe  that  have 
'  already  fubmitted  to  Fines  or  Con.poiltions,  and 

*  paid  in  or   fecured  the  fame,   a  general  Pardon 

*  may  be  granted,  made,  and  publifhed  by  Parlia- 
f  mem,  extending  to  abfolve  them  frorrt  any  fur-. 

«  thcr 


of-  ENGLAND.  231 

*  ther  Cenfure,  Damage,    Trouble,  or  Queftion,  An-  =4  Car.  t- 
4  either  in  the  Behalf  of  the  Public,  or  at  the  Suit    ,    '  **'   A 

*  of  any  private  Perfon,  for  any  Thing  faid  or  done     November. 
'  in  profecution  of,   or  in  relation  to,  the  late  War 

*  or  Troubles  ;  and  to  reftcre  them  to  all  Privileges, 

*  Benefits,    and    Immunities     equally   with   other 

*  People,  excepting  only  the   Capacity   to  Places 

*  of  Power  or  public  Truft,  or  to  Voices  in  Elcc- 
'  tion  thereunto  as  aforefaid  ;   that   fo  they  may 
'  not,  as  heretofore,  after  Fines  or  Compofitions 

*  to  the  State  for  their  Delinquency,  remain  fub- 

*  je<5t  to  any  Man's  Action  for  any  particular  Aft 
'  of  their  Delinquency,  to   their  endlefs  Trouble 

*  or  Undoing,  or  the  driving  of  them  to  defperate 

*  Ways  of  public  Difturbance  for  their  own  Pre- 
«  fervation  j  but  that  fuch  of  them  as  will,   for  fu- 
'  ture,  live  in  Peace  and  Subjection  to  the  Laws 

*  and  Government  of  the  Nation,  may  enjoy  the 

*  Benefit  thereof,  and  have  Quiet  and  Protection 

*  under  the  fame  ;    and  their  Pofterities,    yea,   or 
'  thernfelves  in  Time,   partake   fully  and  equally 
'  with  others  of  the  common  Intereft  contended 
'  for,  and  obtained.     But  as  for  fuch  Delinquents, 
'  who  having   Mercy  tendered  to  them  Jfor  Life, 
'  as  aforefaid,  (hall  not,   by  the  Pay  to  be  fet, 
'  come  in  and  render  thernfelves,  fubmit,  and  pay, 

*  or  fecure  their  P'ines  as  aforefaid,  that  it  be  de-» 

*  clared  their  Eftates  (hall  from  that  Day  be  abfo- 
'  lutely  confifcated,  and  fold  or  difpofed  of  wholly 
4  to  the  Public  Ufe  ;  and  their  Perfons  to  ftand  per- 
'  petually  exiled  as  Enemies  and  Traitors,    and  to 

*  die  without  Mercy,  if  ever  after  found  and  taken. 

*  within  the  Kingdom,  or  the  Dominions  thereto 

*  belonging ;  and  upon  their  Default  of  Appear- 

*  ance,  &c.  as  before,  or  at  the  faid  Day,  that  they 
4  be   from  thenceforth   proceeded  againft  accord- 
4  ingly. 

5.  <  That  the  Satisfaction  of  Arrears  to  the  Sol- 

*  diery,  with  other  public  Debts,  and  the  compe- 

*  tent   Reparation  of   public   Damages,   efpecially 

*  and  primarily  of  fuch  as  voluntarily  engaged  for, 

*  and  have    conftantly   adhered    to,   the   common 

P  4  *  Caufc, 


232  7&  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  i.«  Gaufe,    and  fuffered    for  the  fame,  may  be  put 

t     *  *8'      »  *  *nto  f°me  orderly  and  equal,  or   proportionable! 

November.     '  Way  >    wherein,    as    to    Debts    and   Damages, 

*  Care  may  be  taken  for  feme  Precedency  of  Satif- 
'  faction  to  fuch  whofe  Loans  or  LofTes  appear  to 
'  have   been    great,   and  Livelihoods  fmall,    fo  as 
'  they  can  worft  bear  the  Want  or  Delay.     And 

*  towards  thefe  Things,  not  impairing  any  other 
'  Security  already  given  for  Arrears  to  the  Soldiery, 
'  in  an  equal  Way,    or  for  juft  Debts   of  other 

.'  Kinds,  we  propound,  That  the  Fines  or  Com- 
'  pofitions  of  Delinquents  may  be  difpofed  of,  and 
'  employed  to  thofe  Ufes  only,  as  alfo  the  Confif- 
'  cations  and  Proceed  of  their  Eftates  who  fhall  be 
'  excluded  from  Pardon,  or  not  come  in  by  the 
'  Day  to  be  afligned,  as  in  the  laft  precedent  Ar- 
«  ti%:le. 

*  Now,  after  public  Juftice,  and  therewith  the 

*  prefent  Quieting  of  the  Kingdom  thus  far  pro- 
'  vided  for,    we  proceed  in  order  to  the  general  Sa- 
e  tisfadlion  and    Settling  of  the  Kingdom  as  fol- 

*  loweth  : 

1.  '  That  you  would  fet  fome  reafonable  and 
(  certain  Period    to   your  own  Power,    by  which 

*  Time  that  great   and  fupreme  Truft  repofed  in 
c  you    {hall  be  returned    into  the    Hands  of    the 

*  People,  for  and  from  whom  you  received  it,  that 
'  fo  you  may  give  them  Satisfaction  and  Aflurance, 
'  that  what   you  have  contended  for,  againft  the 

*  King,  for  which  you  have  been  put  to  fo  much 
c  Trouble,  Coft,    and  Lofs  of  Blood,   hath  been 
e  only  for  their  Liberties    and  common  Intereft, 
c  and  not  for  your  own  perfonal  Intereft  or  Power. 

2.  *  That,  with  a  Period  to  this  Parliament,  to 
1  be  afligned  as  fhort  as  may  be  with  Safety  to  the 
c  Kingdom  and  Public  Intereft  thereof,  there  may 

*  be  a  found  Settlement  of  the  Peace  and   future 
.  *  Government  of  the  Kingdom,  upon  Grounds  of 

'  common  Right,  Freedom,  and  Safety,  to  the 
4  Effect  here  following  : 

Firfli    '   That    from  the    End  of   this,    there 

*  may   be  a  certain    Succeflion  of  future   Parlia- 

'  ments, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  233 

c  ments,    annual  or   biennial,   with    fecure   Pro-  An.  1 4  Car.  j. 

c  viflon-  v  I6g-    . 

I/?,  '  For  the  Certainty  of  their  Meeting,  Sit-     Np»«nb«. 

*  ing,  and  Ending. 

2<#y,  *  For  the  equal  Diftribution  of  Elections 

*  thereunto,  to  render  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  as 
?  near  as  may  be,  an  equal  Reprefentative  of  the 

*  whole  People  electing. 

3<#y,  «  For  the  Certainty  of  the  People's  meet- 
?  ing,  according  to  fuch  Diftributions,  to  elect,  and 
'  for  their  full  Freedom  in  Elections  :  Provided, 

*  That  none  who  have  engaged,  or  (hall  engage, 

*  in  War,  againft  the  Ri^ht  of  the  Parliament, 

*  and   Intereft  of  the  Kingdom  therein,  or  have 
6  adhered  to  the  Enemies  thereof,  may  be  capable 

*  of  electing,  or  being  elected,  at  lead  during  a 
'  competent  Number  of  Years,  nor  any  other  who 

*  fhall  oppofe,  or  not  join  in  Agreement  to  this 

*  Settlement. 

4/My,  *  For  future  clearing  and  afcertaining  the 
'  Power  of  the  faid  Reprefentatives  ;  in  order  to 

*  which,  that  it  be  declared,  That  as  to  the  whole 
'  Intereft  of  the  People  of  England,  fuch  Repre- 
'  fentatives    have,    and    (hall   have,    the  Supreme 

*  Power  and  Truft  as  to  the  making  of  Laws,  Con- 
'  ftitutions,  and  Offices,    for  the  Ordering,  Pre- 

*  fervation?  and  Gqvernment  of  the  whole  j  and 

*  as  to  the  altering,  repealing,  or  abolifliing  of  the 

*  fame,  the  making  of  War  or  Peace ;  and  as  to 
'  the  highcft  and  final  Judgment  in  all  civil  Things, 
c  without  further  Appeal  to  any  created  (landing 

*  Power  ;  and  that  all  the  People  of  this  Nation, 
6  and  all  Officers  of  Juftice,  and  Minifters  of  State, 
«  as  fuch,  fhall  in  all  fuch  Things  be  accountable 
'  and  fubjecl  thereunto,  and  bound  and  concluded 

*  thereby  :  Provided  that, 

i.  '  They  may  not  cenfure  or  queftionany  Man 
«  after  the  End  of  this  Parliament,  for  any  Thing 
'  faid  or  done  in  reference  to  the  late  Wars,  or 
'  public  Differences,  faving  in  Execution  of  fuch 
f  Determinations  of  this  Parliament,  as  (hull  be 
'  left  jn  Force  at  the  ending  thereof,  in  relation  to 

1  fuch 


234  1%?  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

!•  *  fuch  as  have  ferved  the  King  againft  the  Parlia- 

*  ment. 

November.          2-  '  They  may  not  render  up,  or  give,  or  take 
'  away,  any  the  Foundations  of  common  Right, 

*  Liberty,  or  Safety  contained  in  this  Settlement 

*  and  Agreement ;  but  that  the  Power  of  thefe  two 

*  Things  laft  mentioned  mail  be  always  underftood 

*  to  be  referved  from,  and  not  entrufted  to,  the> 

*  faid  Reprefentatives. 

5//>/H,  '  For  Liberty  of  entering  Diflents  in  the 

*  faid  Reprefentatives  :  That,  in  cafe  of  Corruption 

*  or  Abufe  in  thefe  Matters  of  higheft  Truft,  the 

*  People  may  be  in  Capacity  to  know  who  are  free 

*  thereof,  and   who  guilty ;  to  the  end  only  they 

*  may  avoid  the  further  trufting  of  fuch ;  but  with- 

*  out  further  Penalty  to  any  for  their  free  Judg- 
'  ments  there. 

Secondly^  *  That  no  King  be  hereafter  admitted, 
'  but  upon  the  Election  of,  and  as  upon  Truft  from 

*  the  People,  by  fuch  their  Reprefentatives ;    nor 
'  without  firft  difclaiming  and  difavowing  all  Pre- 
'  tence  to  a  Negative  Voice,  againft  the  Determi- 
'  nations  of  the  faid  Reprefentatives  or  Commons 

*  in  Parliament  j  and  that  to  be  done  in  Come  cer- 
'  tain  Form,  more  clear  than  heretofore  in  the  Co- 

*  ronation  Oath,. 

*  Thefe  Matters  of  general  Settlement,  viz.  That 

*  concerning  a  Period  to  this  Parliament,  and  the 

*  other  Particulars  thence  following   hitherto,  we 

*  propound  to  be  declared  and  provided  by  this  Par- 

*  liament,  or  by  Authority  of  the  Commons  therein, 

*  and  to  be  further  eftablifhed  by  a  general  Con- 

*  tract  or  Agreement  of  the  People,  with  their  Sub- 
'  fcriptions  thereunto  ;  and  that,  withal,  it  may  be 

*  provided,  That  none  may  be  capable  of  any  Be- 
'  nefit  by  the  Agreement,  who  mall  not  con  lent 
'  and  fubfcribe  thereunto  ;  nor  any  King  be  ad- 
'  mitted  to  the  Crown,  or  other  Perfon    to   any 

*  Office  or  Place  of  public  Truft,  without  exprefs 

*  Accord  and  Subfcription  to  the  fame. 

4  We  have  thus  plainly  and  faithfully'propound- 
'  ed  our  Apprehenfions,  how  the  Evil  and  Danger 

4.  *  Of 


tf   E  N  <G  L  A  N  D.  235 

*  of  the  prefent  Treaty  may  in  good  meafure  be  An>   *+c£r'  '• 

*  avoided,  and  our  farther  Conceptions  of  a  Way,    t      V        ' 
f  wherein  hopefully,  through  the  Bleffing  of  God,       Nov«$her. 

*  if  moft  Men  be  not  given  up,  fome  to  unjuft  Do- 
1  mination  or  particular  Intereft,  the  reft  to  Ser- 
4  vitude,    the  Kingdom    may    be  quieted,    future 

*  Disturbances  prevented,  the  common  Rights  and 
'  Liberties  provided   for,  and  the  Peace  and   Go- 

*  vernment  of  the  Kingdom  fettled  to  a  juft  public 

*  Intereft ;  and  this  we  have  fet  forth  in  fuch  Heads 

*  and  Particulars,  which,  if  you  will  but  fet  afide, 
'  for  the  Time,  lefs  important  Matters,  may  moft  of 

*  them  be  brought  to  effect,  and  the  reft  affured  and 
'  put  into  a  good  Way  of  effect  within  a  fewMonths  j 

*  fo  as  you  might  then  eafe  the  Kingdom  from  the 
6  Burden  of  the  grcaceft  Part  of  that  Force,  which 

*  otherwife,  in  cafe  of   Accommodation  with   the 

*  King,  you  will  be  neceHitated  for  a  much  longer 

*  Time,  probably  for  many  Years,  to  keep  on  upon 
'  the  public  Charge,  unlefs,  upon  the  Accommo- 
'  dation,  you  would    give    up   all   to  the   King's 
'  Power  again,  and  expofe  thofe  that  have  engaged 

*  againft  him,  as  Sacrifices  to  his  and  the  Cavaliers 
c  fcevengfe  :  And,  for  our  Parts,  let  but  that  Way 

*  of  Juftice  be  effectually  profecuted,  and  the  Set- 

*  tlement  of  the  Public  Intereft,  upon  fuch  Foun- 
'  dations  as  are  afore  propounded,  be  afitrred  to  us 

*  and  the  Kingdom,  ;:nd   put  into  a  Courfe  of  ef- 

*  fevSl,  (which,  as  we  faid  before,  might  well    be 
'  in  a  few  Months)  and  we  fhall  not  only  embrace 
'  with   Chearfulnefs,    but    fhall,    with    Eager-net's, 

*  defire  a  Difcharge  from  our  prefent  Service  ;  and 

*  fhall  be  mod:  re?dy   to  difband  all,  or  Part,  as 
'  fhall  be  thought  fit,  the  Arrears  of  the   Soldiery 

*  being  fatishcci.     We  fhall  therefore  earneftly  de- 

*  fire,  that  thefe  Things  may  be  minded  and  pro- 

*  fecuted  effectually  ;  and  that  nothing  may  inter- 
'  rupt  them,  fave  what  fhall  be  for   immediate  and 

*  neccflary  Safety  :  And  that,  to  avoid  Interruptions 
f  from  fuch  things  us  are  not  neceflhry,  or  lefs  pro- 

*  per  for  Parliamentary  Confederations  or  Debates, 
4  you  will  leave  ail  private  Matters,  and  Things  of 

*  ordinary 


236  tfke  Parliamentary  H 1  s  T  o  fi  v 

n.  24  Or.  It  <•  ordinary  Juftice  and  Right,  to  the  Laws  and  pre- 

4  '      ,   '  fent  proper  Officers  and  Adminiftrations  thereof, 

November.      '  unt'l  better  can  be  provided  ;    and  commit  all 

'  ordinary  Matters  of  State  to  the  Management  of 

*  a  fit  Council  of  State,  fufficiently  empowered  for 

*  that  Purpofe,  and   aflifted  with  the  Addition  of 

*  fome  Merchants,  jn  relation  to  the  Balancing, 

*  Security,  and  Advance  of  Trade,  fo  as  you  may 
f;be  the  more  free,  for  the  prefent,  to  attend  thofc 

*  aforefaid  Confederations  of  public  Juftice,  and  the 
f  Settlement  of  the  Kingdom  upon  juft  and  fafe 

*  Foundations  of  public  Intereft;  and   that  when 
'  you  have  effectuated   them,  or  put  them   into  a 

*  Way  of  Effect,  you  may,  for  the  Aftertime  of  this 
4  Parliament's  Continuance,   more   entirely  apply 
'  your  Councils  to  fuch  other  Things  as  are   the 

'    *  moft  proper  Work  of  Parliaments,  and  by  and  for 

*  which  Parliaments  have  had  their  Efteem  in  this 

*  Nation,  and  the  Kingdom  moft  Benefit  by  them, 

*  viz.  the  Reformation  of  Evils  or  Inconveniences 

*  in  the  prefent  Laws  and  Adminiftrations  thereof  ; 
'  the  Redrefs  of  Abufes  and  fupplying  of  Defedh 

*  therein,  and  the  making  of  better  Conftitutions 
"  for  the  well  Government  and  Profperity  of  the 
'  Nation  j  as  alfo  the  due  Proportioning  of  Rates, 

*  and  providing  of  Monies,  in  the  moft  equal  and 
'  leaft  grievous  Ways,  for  all   neceflary    Ufes  of 

*  the  Public,  and  the  like  :  And,  in  order  to  fuch 

*  Things,  that  you  would,  in  due  Time  and  Place, 
'  viz,  after  public  Juftice  and  the  general  Settle- 

*  ment,  confidcr    iuch    fpecial    Overtures  of  that 

*  Kind,  as  have  been  tendered  to  you  in  the  Peti- 

*  tions  of  Well-wiihers  to  Public  Good  ;  and  parr 

*  ticularly  in  that  large  Petition  from  many  about 
4  London^  dated  the  nth  of  September  laft  (z),  and 

*  alfo  what  ftiall  be  tendered  of  the  like  Kind  from 

*  others ;  that  fo  what  is  really  for  the  Remedy  of 

*  common  Grievances,    or    the  Advancement    of 
f  common  Good,  may  not  be  flighted  or  negleft- 
u  ed  ;  but  that  Evils  in  that  Kind  being  removed, 
c  and  good  Things  ordained  and  provided  by  you, 

Vfor 
(a)  In  OUT  Seventeenth  Volume,  p.  451. 


of    £  ft  G  L  A  N  D.  437' 

*  for  the  Eafe,  Benefit,  and  Profperity  of  the  People,  An.  14.  Car.  r. 

*  in  all  Things  poflible,  you  may,  when  you  come 

*  to  lay  down  your  Truft,  leave  i.  good  Savour  be- 

*  hind  you,  both  to  the  Name  of  Parliaments,  and 
'  alfo  of  Men  profefTing  Godlmefs,  fo  much  as  this 
'  Houfe  hath  done,  and  therein  chiefly  to  the  Ho- 
'  nour  of  Almighty  God,  who  hath,  in  h?s  rich 

*  Grace  and  Mercy,  done  fuch  Wonders  for  yoii 
'  and   us.     And  for  furtherance  to  all  thefe  Ends$ 

*  fmce  the  Heart  of  Man  is  deceitful  and  Corrupt 

*  above  all  Things,   and   moft  apt  to  anfwerable 
4  Councils  and  Actings,  where  it  can  hope  to  walk 
'  in  the  Dark,  undifcerned  or  undiftinguiflied,  tho' 

*  but  to  the  Eye  of  Man,  we  muft  again  defir«, 
1  that  even  from  henceforth  the  aforefaid  Liberty 
1  of  entering  Diflents,  as  it  is  in  the  Scots  Parlia- 

*  ment,  where  lately  there  hath  appeared  a  moft 
'  ufeful  Effect  of  it,  fo  alfo  may  be  admitted  amongft 

*  you  ;  or  at  leaft  that  in  thefe  Tranfa&ions,  of 

*  fuch  high  Moment  to  the  Public  and  all  honed 
4  Interefts,  and  in  Times  fo  apt  to  Deceit,  De- 

*  fecYion,  and  Apoftacy,  that  Liberty  may  be  taken 

*  by  all  honed  faithful  Members,   that  defire  to 

*  appear,  as  their  Hearts  to  God,  fo  their  Ways  to 

*  good  Men  :  Yet  ftill  we  wifli  not,  whoever  (hould 

*  by  that  Means  be  detected  for  corrupt  Counfels, 
'  that,    for  his  judgment   there,    any  Advantage 
'  fhould  be  taken  without  Doors  ;  but  only  that 

*  Men  may  avoid  the  further  trufting  of  fuch  Per- 

*  fons,  iind  that  the  Innocent  may  not  be  unjuftly 
x  prejudiced  or  fufpe&ed. 

'  Thus,  as  the  Exigence  of  the  Cafe  and  Natur* 

*  of  the  Bufmefs  requires,  being  of  fuch  vaft  Im- 
'  portance  to  all  Public,  Religious,  and  Honeft  Inte- 
4  reft,  not  in  this  Kingdom  only,  but  in  Neighbour 
'  Nations,    we  have  dealt  with  all  Plainnefs  and 

*  Clearnefs  as  God  hath  enabled  us  j  and  now,  to 

*  conclude,  we  hope  that,  in  an  Age  of  fo  much 

*  Light,  meer  Will  or  Resolution  will  not  be  held 

*  forth  or  purfued  againft  it ;  but  that,  what  Rea- 

*  fon  or  Righteoufnefs  there  is  in  the  Things  we 

4  have 


238  ¥be  Parliamentary  tt  i  s  T  o  R  V* 

An.   24.  Car.  l.«  have  faid,   will  be  confidered  and  followed  :  Nor 

*648'        '  let  it  find  Prejudice  with  you  from  any  Difdairi 

November.      '  towards  thofe  from  whom  it  comes,  being  in  the 

*  Condition  of  an  Army,  looked  upon  as  Servants. 

*  under   you,    fince  Servants  may  fpeak    to  their 

*  Matters*  and   ought  to  be  heard  and  regarded, 
'  even  when  they  fpeak  for  their  own  Right  only, 
'  and  rather  when   they  fpeak  for  the  Good   and 

*  Safety  of  them  they  lerve  ;  but  much  more  when 
'  they  fpeak  of  that  wherein  they  have  fome  joint 
'  Intereft  with  them  ;  and  yet  more  when*  thofe 
'  their    immediate    Matters   being   themfelves    alfo 

*  Servants  and  Truftees  for  the  Benefit  of  others* 

*  they  fpeak  for  the  Intereft  of  thofe  for  whom  both, 

*  are  employed* 

By  the  Appointment  of  his  Excellency  the  Lord- 
General^  and  his  General  Council  of  Officers. 

,       JOHN  RUSHWORTH. 


ujior.  the  This  Remonftrancc  occafioned  very  high  De- 
bates-  Mr'  Witkcke  writes  (a),  <  That  fome  Mem- 
the  Army.  bers  inveighed  fharply  againft  the  Infolency  of  it  j 
others  palliated  or  excufed  the  Matters  in  it  5  and 
fome  did  not  ftick  to  juftify  it  ;  but  that  rhoft  wer«i 
filent  becaufe  it  came  from  the  Army,  who^  they 
feared,  would  do  as  they  had  done  formerly/  Ano-3 
ther  Cbntemporary  Writer  is  much  more  particu* 
lar  (b)  :  He  informs  us,  •  That  this  Remonftrance 
was  no  fooner  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  but 
the  Independents  began  to  applaud  it  highly  ;  of 
which  the  principal  were  Sir  Peter  Wentworth^  Mo 
Thomas  Scott  ±  and  Mr;  Cornelius  Holland:  The  latter 
of  whom  having  moved  j  That  the  Thanks  of  the 
tioufe  might  be  returned  to  the  Army,  for  this 
their  fo  feafonable  Remonftrance  j  Mr.  Prynn'e  an- 
fwered,  *  That  it  was  fo  far  from  being  feafonablei 
that  it  was  fubveffwe  of  the  Law  of  the  Land,  and 
the  Fundamental  Conftitutions  of  the  Kingdom  j 
and  that  the  EfFe&s  of  it  could  be  nothing  but  De- 

folation 

(a)  Mtmbnah,  p*  350* 

(b)  Mxnuriui  Pragmatical,  N&,   j|» 


of    ENGLAND.  239 

folatlon  and  Confufion.'  Mr.  Maynard  argued  as  An.  *4_C«'  !• 
if  he  had  taken  Fees  on  both  Sides  ;  one  while 
magnifying  the  gallant  Deeds  of  the  Army,  and 
obferving  that,  under  God,  they  had  faved  the 
Kingdom  ;  then  firking  them  for  their  Remon- 
ftrance, and  (hewing  how  it  tended  to  the  Deftruc- 
tion  of  the  Kingdom,  and  the  DifTolution  of  Go- 
vernment :  Yet  others  wanted  not  courage  to  lay 
the  Cafe  open  very  plainly ;  faying,  «  That  it  be- 
came not  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  who  are  a  Part  of 
the  Supreme  Council  of  the  Nation,  to  be  pre- 
icribed  to,  or  regulated  and  baffled  by,  a  Council 
of  Sectaries  in  Arms.'  A  City-Member  faid, '  That 
the  Houfe  ought  not  to  be  difcouraged,  but  proceed 
in  the  Treaty  to  an  Agreement  with  the  King,  if 
poflible ;  for  that,  upon  fo  juft  and  righteous  a 
Caufe,  they  would  not  want  the  Hands,  Hearts, 
and  Purfes,  of  many  Thoufands  to  back  them.' 

The  Independents  perceiving  by  thefe  Speeches^ 
and   the  Difcontents  and  PVowns  of  many  in  the 
Houfe,    that   the  Army   was    like  to  reap   fmaJl 
Thanks  for  their  Remonft ranee,  moved,  '  That  it 
might  be  debated  prefently,  or  put  off  no  longer 
than  the  Morrow  at  fartheft,  that  fo  the  Senfe  of 
the  Houfe  upon  it  might  be  returned  fpeedily  by 
way  of  Anfwer.'   To  which  It  was  replied,  '  That 
the  Remonftrance  in  itfelf  was  tedious ;  and  the 
Particulars  in  k  very  many,  and  of  too  great  Mo- 
ment to  be  debated,  with  fufficiejit  Caution  and 
Difcretion,  upon  fo   (hort  Warning/  and  there- 
upon a  Motion  was  made  for  putting  off  the  De- 
bate for  a  Week  j  which  we  find,  by  the  yournal^ 
was   agreed  to    without  a  Divifion.— — But  this 
Delay  gave  fo  great  Difguft  to  the  Officers  who 
had  brought  up  the  Remonftrance,  and  attended 
in   the  Lobby  in  hopes  of  a  different  Refolution 
thereupon,  that  they  followed  feveial  of  the  Mem- 
bers down  Stairs  with  menacing  Speeches  ;  faying, 
*  They  muft  and  would  have  their  Remonftrance- 
d«bajed  out  of  hand,    or  the  Honfe  might  take 
what  followed/     A  Threat  which  they  fully  made 
gcoJ,  as  will  (botfly  appear. 


role. 


tte  Parliamentary  Ji  r  s  T  o  R  Y 
An.  14c»r.  i.       tfOVt  21.  The  following  Letter  from  Col.  Ham- 
^     *  *  '.    .  rtiond)  Governor  of  the  IJle  of  Wight,,  was  read  in 
NoTMuber.      the  Houfe  of  Lords,  addrefs'd  to  the  Earl  of  Man- 
chejler  as  their  Speaker  : 

My  Lord^  Newport,  Nov.  19,  1648. 

A  Letter  from  <  |  AST  Night,  abc-ut  Twelve  of  the  Clock, 
^AnfwwTdie  '  ^-*  *  received  a  Letter  of  the  i6th  Inftant,  and 
Vote  concerning  *  in  it  a  Vote  of  both  Houfes  concerning  the  King's 
the  King's  Pa-  «  Parole  ;  and,  according  to  Command  in  the  faid 

*  Letter,  I  have  this  Morning  propofed  and  cotn- 
'  municated  the   faid  Vote   unto  him  j  whereunto 
'his  Majefty  hath  declared  his  full  Agreement,  in 

*  the  Hearing  of  many  Gentlemen  then  prefent,  as 
'  is  exprefled   in  the   faid  Vote ;  and  further   de- 

*  manded  a  Copy  of  it  J  and  afterwards  told  me, 
'  That  upon  Tuefday  next  come  three  Weeks,  upon 
'  his  Computation,  his  Parole  endeth. 

'  My  Lord,  I  muft  acknowledge  myfelf  to  be 
f  no  way  worthy  of  fuch  a  Character  of  Favour  as 

*  I  have  received,  figned  by   your  Lordfliip,    all 

*  that  I  have  or  can  do  being  but  my  Duty  ;  but, 

*  my  Lord,  before  I  conclude,  give  me  Leave  to 
'  renew  one  humble  Suit  to  your  Lordfliip,  which 

*  I  have  formerly  made,  that  you  will  pleaiie  better 
'  to  provide  for  the  Service  you  have  been  pleafed 
'  to  command  me  unto  ;  and  this  I  beg  of  your 

*  Lordfhip  with  the  greateft  Importunity,  becaufe 
'  (though  hitherto  it  hath    pleafed   God  miracu- 
4  loufly  to  guide  me  through  this  difficult  Employ- 

*  ment,  yet)  I  find  in  myfelf  an  utter  Difability  to 
'  proceed  in  it  as  Things  now  ftand,  and  are  like 
6  to  continue ;  which,  I  muft  profefs  to  your  Lord- 

*  fhip  is  an  Argument  to  me,  above  any  Eafe  or 
'  Advantage  whatfoever,  to   make  thefe  my  De- 
'  fires  ;  which  I  humbly  prefent  to  your  Lordfliip, 
'  with  this  Profeflion,  that,  wherein  I  am  capable, 

*  there  lives  not  a  more  faithful  Servant  to  the  Par- 

*  liament  of  England,  than 

Tour  Lcrd/bip's  moft  bumble  Servant, 

ROBERT   HAMMOND, 
Ths 


^ENGLAND.'  241 

The  Commons  having  fent  up  their  Vote,  of  the  An.  24  Car.  j. 
1 8th  Inftant,  «  That  the  Treaty  with  the  King  be  t      :6*8-      , 
continued  to  the  25th,  the  Lords  gave  their  Con-     November, 
currence  thereto,  as  alfo   to  another  Vote  of  the 
2oth,  declaring  his  Majefty's  laft  Anfwer  concern- 
ing the  Earl  of  Ormond  to  be  un  fat  is  factory. 

Under  the  Proceedings  of  the  24th  of  laft  Month 
we  mentioned  the  Names  of  the  feven  Delinquents 
agreed  upon,  by  the  Lords,  to  be  exempted  from 
Pardon  ;  and,  in  the  Beginning  of  this,  the  Ob- 
jections and  Debates  thereupon  in  the  Houfe  of 
Commons.  In  confequence  hereof  there  had  been 
feveral  Conferences,  wherein  the  Lords  {hewed 
themfelves  very  anxious  to  fave  the  Earl  of  New-  The  feven Delm- 
cajlle  and  Sir  John  Wintour^  inftead  of  whom  they  ?uefSuag£eVn' 

r    i   c>-       Jv  t       n  i     f      si  n      ,  T /»-      bX   both  HouCj. 

propofed  Sir  John  Byron  and    Sir  George  Raddijfe.  to  be  excepted 

And  this  Day  another  Conference  was  held  on  that from  Pardon. 

Subje&,  at  which  the  Commons  declared  their  Re- 

folution  to  adhere  to  their  Nomination  of  the  Earl 

of   Newcajlle^    becaufe  he    had   been   one  of   the 

greateft  Enemies  to   the  Parliament  in  the  North 

of  England-,  and  had  fo  great  Intereft  in  thofe  Parts 

as  to  have  that  whole  Country,  in  a  Manner,  at 

his  Command  ;  but  that  if  the  Lords  would  con- 

fent  to  this  Earl's  being  one,  the  Commons  would 

accept  of  Sir  John  Byron  inftead  of  Sir  John  JVin- 

four,  in  regard  of  the  latter's  having  been  beyond 

Sea  for  many  Years.     To  this  Propofal  the  Lords, 

at  laft,  agreed  ;  fo  that  the  feven  excepted  Perfons 

from  Pardon,  now,  were 

William    Earl    or  New-  Sir  Richard  Grecn"j'J!s, 

cajlle,  David  Jenkins y  Kfqj 

George  Lord  Dighy^  Sir  Francis  Doddir.gtm, 

^MarmadukeLangdale^   Sir  John  Byrcn, 

Nov.  22.    -The  Lords  agreed  to  the  following  An  Additional 
Additional  Propofition,  voted  by  the  Commons  the  ^ 
Day  before,  «  That  fuch  Agreements  as  mall   be  i«nd. 
*  made  by  both  Houfes  with  the  Kingdom  of  $tot- 
'  land,  for  the  Security  of  all  thofe  of  that  King- 

VOL,  XVIII.  Q.  *  dooi 


tfhe  Parliamentary  H  i  s  t  o  R  Y 

Aij.  *4  Car.  I.  t  dorn  who  nave  aflifted  or  adhered  to  the  Parlte* 

. ^J  4S*     7  c  ment  of  England;  and   for  the  fettling  and  pre- 

Novtmber.  '  ferving  an  happy  and  durable  Peace  between  the 
e  two  Nations  ;  and  for  the  mutual  Defence  of  each 
*  other,  be  confirmed  by  Act  of  Parliament.'  And 
this  Propofition  was  ordered  to  be  fent  to  the  Com- 
miflioners,  to  be  by  them  prefented  to  the  King  for 
his  Confent. 

Nov.  24.  This  Day  came  a  Letter  from  the 
Commiflioners  for  the  Treaty^  directed  to  the 
Speaker  of  each  Houfe  refpectively  ;  which  being 
opened,  appeared  to  ferve  only  as  a  Paflport  to  the 
en fuing  Account  of  their  Proceedings. 

The  firft  Paper  dated   the   iyth   of  November^ 

imported  no  more  than  that  the  Commiflioners  had 

papers  between  that  Day  prefented  to  the  King  the  Refolutions  of 

the  King  and  the  both  Houfes  of  the    nth,  in  confequcnce  of  his 

Commiflioners,    fyjaiefty's  final  Anfwer,  of  the  4th,  to  the  Propo- 

concerning  the  J       J  .  ',          t      /•  T>  r 

Votes  upon  the  fition  concerning  the  Church,  fome  Parts  of  which 
Propofition  for  had  been  voted  fatisfactory,  and  others  not.  Thefe 
they  fet  down  feriatim  (but  being  already  given 
under  their  proper  Date,  at  p.  146,  are  unneceffary 
to  be  here  repeated)  and  then  they  conclude  thus  : 
'  We  therefore  humbly  defire  your  Majefty  to  give 

*  your  full  Confent  to  the  feveral  Parts  of  the  Pro- 
'  pofition  mentioned  in  thefeVotes  and  Refolutions, 
'  according  to  our  former  Defi  res,  contained  in  our 
'  Paper  of  the  Jz^th  of  September  lafr,  concerning 

*  the  Church.'     Then  follow 

The  KING'S  ANSWER  concerning  the  Votes  of 
both  Houfes,  which  declare  Part  of  his  Ma~ 
jefty's  Anfwer  concerning  the  Church  to  be  un- 

fatisfactory. 

CHARLES  R.        NewPort>  Nov-  '8>  'M- 

jN  Anfiver  to  your  Paper  of  the  iftk  Injl.  where- 
•*•  by  you  have  acquainted  his  Majejly  with  the 
Votes  and  Refolutions  of  hot}}  Houfes  of  the  nth  of 
November  Injlant^  and  thereupon  defired  his  full 

Conffnt 


the  Churc 


tf    E  M  G  L  A  N  t>. 

Confent  to  the  feveral  Parts  of  the  Pr  opojitiori  men- 
tioned in  thofa  Votes^  according  to  your  former  De- 
fires,  contained  in  your  Paper  of  the  i^th  cf  Sep-  N»ven»b«r. 
tember,  concerning  the  Church  \  his  Majefty  faith± 
That  he  hath  well  weighed  and  examined  his  Concef* 
fans  to  that  Proportion,  and  is  very  ferry  to  find  thaty 
notwithftanding  all  his  Care  and  Endeavours  to  give 
his  two  Houfes  Satisfaction,  manifefted  in  four  Anfivers 
already  given  in  to  you  upon  that  Subjeft,  by  which  he 
hath  confented  to  whatsoever  hs  dare  with  a  good  Con- 
jciente  grant,  ytt  his  Anfwers  are  Jlill  returned  back 
unfatisfaffory. 

But  his  Majejly,  up  en  Perufal  of  your  former 
Papers,  finds  that  the  main  Dijjatisfciftion  of  his 
two  Houfes  rejls  it:  the  Matters  concerning  the  Abu- 
lition  of  Bi/hops,  Sale  'of  their  Lands,  and  his  Ma- 
je/i\'s  Intention  to  uje  a  Form  of  Divine  Service  in  his 
Ghapfl. 

As  to  thcfe  Particulars  his  Majefly  doth  again 
clearly  profefs,  That  he  cannot,  with  a  good  Confci- 
ence,  confent  to  the  total  Abolition  of  the  FuncJwn 
and  Power  of  Bijhops,  nor  to  the  entire  and  abfelute 
Alienation  of  their  Lands,  as  is  defired,  becaufe  he 
is  yet  perfuaded  in  his  "Judgment,  that  the  former  it 
of  Apojlolical  Injlitution,  and  that  to  take  away  the 
latter  is  Sacrilege.  Neither  can  his  Majefty  com- 
municate in  a  public  Form  of  Divine  Service,  and 
Adminijl ration  of  the  Sacraments*  where  it  is  wholly 
uncertain  «.'/;<?/  the  Mini  ft  er  will  offer  to  God;  and 
therefore  he  cannot  recede  from  his  former  Anfwers 
in  any  of  thofe  Particulars.  And  if  his  two  Floufes 
jb.ill  jerimijly  conjider  how  that  his  jWajeffy,  by  his 
i-rnttr  Anfiuers,  hath  totally  fufpendcd  Epifcopat 
(rovernment  for  three  Years  ;  and,  after  the  Jaid 
'I  i, in',  limited  the  fame  in  the  Powers  of  Ordination 
<f*id  'furijdiflion  j  and  that  the  primitive  Office  of 
a  Bijhop  only  is  by  him  endeavoured  to  be  preserved  ; 
and  that  the  Bijho.ps  Lands  are  heavily  charged  with 
J .fiijes  fir  ninety-nine.  Yfiirs ;  and  that  Deans  and 
Chapters,  and  other  tJmir  Dtf>t:n<-i't'nts9  are  taken 
it-way  ;  his  Maj^fly  is  confident  his  two  Mcufcs  can* 
not  think  it  /VY/Aiv.vi/,'.,  in  a  Matter  of  this  \ritture> 


£44  ^}e    t&tiGtt&ttafy  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  fg  offer  any  Violence  to  the  Conscience  of  their  Sovt* 
l648*_  _,  reign,  nor  to  fuffer  thofe  Differences*  which  reft  in 
November.  f°  narroliv  a  Compafs,  to  binder  the  Settlement  of  fa 
bleffed  a  Peace  in  this  Kingdom.  And  if  his  two 
Houfes  Jhall  not  think  fit  to  recede  from  the  Strifi-* 
nefs  of  their  Demands  in  theje  Particulars^  his  Ma- 
jejly  can  with  more  Comfort  cajl  himfelf  upon  his  Sa- 
viour's Goodnefs  to  fupport  him  in,  and  defend  him 
from,  all  Affliftions,  how  great  foever,  that  may 
befall  him,  than  for  any  politick  Confederation,  which 
may  feem  to  be  a  Means  to  re/lore  him,  deprive  him- 
felf of  the  inward  Tranquillity  of  a  quiet  Mind  c 
Wherefore,  as  to  thefe  Particulars  before-mentioned^ 
as  alfo  concerning  the  Articles  of  Religion,  and  what 
elfe  remains  in  Difference  upon  this  Proportion,  his 
Majefiy  adheres  to  his  former  Anfwers  ;  and  hopes 
that  his  two  Houfes,  upon  a  Review  and  farther  Con- 
Jideration  of  his  Reafons^  witt  therewith  rejl  fully  fa-* 
ttsfied, 

TJie  COMMISSIONERS  REPLY  to  the  foregoing. 

Newport,  Nov.  20,  1648^ 
"  T  TAving  perufcd  your  Majefty's  Papers  of  the 

*  JTi   i8th  Inft.  given  in  as  an  Anfwer  to  ours  of 

*  the  iyth,  which  contained  the  Votes  and  Refolu- 

*  tions  of  both  Houfes  upon  fome  cf  your  Majefty's 

*  Anfwers  to  our  Defires,  exprefled   in  a  Paper  of 
'  the  25th  of  September,  concerning  the  Church ;  we 

*  do  humbly  fay,  That  the  Houfes  of  Parliament 
'  did,  as  formerly,  return  thofe  Anfwers  back  as 
'  linfatisfac-tory,  becaufe  there  were  no  Cortceflions 

*  of  the  Things  defired,  which  they  had  in  their 

*  Judgments  concluded  to  be  fo  neceflary  for  the 

*  Good  of  the  whole  Kingdom,  both  in  Church  and 

*  State,  wherein   they  would  not  force  your  Ma- 

*  jefty's  Confcience,  but  defire  it  may  be  informed, 

*  that  fo  yours  agreeing  with  theirs,  who  are  your 
e  great   Council,    there  might   be    a  Compliance 
4  throughout,  and  a  Concurrence  in  thefe  and   all 
'  other  Things   for  healing  the  Breaches,  compo- 

*  fmg  the  Differences,  and  fettling  a  blefled  Peace, 


*f   ENGLAND.  245 

*  within  your  Dominions ;  and  therefore  we,  in  Ap.  a4  c«.  j 

*  purfuance  of  their  Directions,  have  made  bold  to 

*  prefs  your  Majefty  fo  often,  both  in  our  Papers 

*  and  Debates,  and  mul  ft  ill  perfift. 

*  As  for  the  Particulars  infifted  upon ;  Firft,  For 
'  the  Abolition  of  Epifcopacy,  we  take  Leave  to 
'  fay,  it  is  not  the  Apoftolical  Bifhop  which  the 
'  Bill  (defired  of  your  Majefty)  intends  to  remove; 
4  but  that  Epifcopacy  which  was  formerly  efta- 
4  blifhed  by  Law  in  this  Kingdom,  grown  up  to  a 
4  Height  of  outward  Pomp  and  Greatnefs,  and 

*  found  by  Experience  to  be  a  Grievance  to  the 
«  Subject,    a  Hindrance  of   Piety,  an  Encroach- 
4  ment  upon   the  Power  of  the  Civil  Magiftrate, 
4  and  fo  a  Burden  to  the  Perfons,  Purfes,  and  Con- 

*  fciences  of   Men :    Whereupon  the  Parliament, 
4  finding  it  to  be  for  the  Honour  of  your  Majefty, 
4  and  Profit  of  the  Subject,  to  take  it  away,  defire 
4  this  Bill  for  that  Purpofe  ;  not  meddling  with  the 

*  Apoftolical  Bifhop,   nor  determining  -what  that 

*  Bifhop  is  whom  the  Apoftles  mention  in  Scrip- 
4  ture,  but  only  to  put  him  down  by  a  Law  who 
4  was  fet  up  by  a  Law  j  nothing  being  more  pro- 

*  per  for    Parliaments,    than  to   alter,    repeal,    or 

*  make  Laws,  as  Experience  teacheth  it  to  be  for 

*  the  Good  of  the  Common-wealth.     But  admit- 
4  ting  that  Apoftolical  Bifhop  to  be  within  the  Pur- 

*  port  of  this  Bill,  we  humbly  conceive  that  it  doth 

*  not  follow,  that  therefore  in  Confcience  it  muft 
4  not  be  palled  ;  for  we  may  not  grant  that  no  Oc- 
«  cafion  can  make  that  alterable  which  is  found  to 
«  have  its  Foundation  only  in  the  Practice  of  the 
4  Apoftles,  not  in  a  Precept.     We  fuppofe  that 
4  fome  Things     have    been   altered,    which    the 
'  Apoftles    practiied  ;    that    Circumftances    many 
4  Times  change  the  Nature  of  moral  Actions ;  that 
4  for  the  attaining  of  a  great  Good,  or  the  Avoid- 
4  ance  of  a  great  Evil,  that  which,  fmgly  confidered? 
4  were  not  fit  to   be  dene,  perhaps   a  Fault  if  it 

*  were,  may  become  a  Duty,  and  a  Man  be  bound 
4  in   Confcience  to  do    it :  And  if  ever  Circum- 
4  fiances  could  have  a  more  powerful  and  confider- 

Q^  3  *  able 


•21^.6  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  a*  Car.  I.  e  able  Operation  than  in  this  Particular,  we  humbly 

t   ' ;    *  leave  to  your  Majefty's  Confideration.     But  this 

November,      *  ls   hid  only   by  the  way,  and  admitting,  for  Ar- 
'  gument's  Sake,  not  granting  the  Ground" 

*  which  your  M<>jefty  is  pleaied  to  go  in  the  refu« 

*  fing  to  pals  this  Bill. 

Secondly,  '  For  the  Sale  of  Bifliops  Lands,  which 
e  your    Majefty   apprehends    to   be    Sacrilege^    we 

*  humbly  offer,  That  Biftiopricks  being  diiTblved, 
'  their  Lands  (as  of  all  Corporations)  naturally,  by 

*  the    Law    of  the   Land,  revert   to   the    Crown  ; 
f  which  is  their  Founder  and  Patron,  and  heretofore 
'  held  it  no  Sacrilege  to  ciifpofe  of  Bifhops  Lands, 

*  to  its  own  and  others  Ufe,  by  Ail  of  Parliament, 
'  which  was  an  ordinary  Practice  in  your  Predecef- 
'  fors,  Kings  and  Queens  of  this  Nation.    Befides, 
6  we  might  fay,  that  in  all   Ages,  and  even  under 
'  the  Ceremonial    Law,  eminent  and   urgent  Ne- 
'  ceflity,  efpecially  if  public,  hath  difpenfed   with 
'i  the  otherwife  employing;  of  confecrated  Things. 

*  Then  whereas  your  Majefty  is  pleafed  to  fay, 

*  You  cannot  cammunuaie  in  a  public  Form  of  Di~ 
'  vine  Service^  where  it  is   uncertain  wkat  the  Mi- 

*  ntfter  will  offer  to  Gad;  we  humbly  befeech  your 

*  Majefty  to  be  informed,  that  the  Directory,  which 

*  your  Majefty  hath  granted  to  eftablifli  for  three 

*  Years,  doth  fet  down  the  Matter  of  the  Prayer 
'  which  the  Minifter  is    to  obferve  ;  only   Words 
c  and    Expreflions,    and   Enlargements    upon   that 
6  Subject,  are  left  to  his  Difcretion,  for  the  EJC- 
<  erciie  of  his  Gifts  ;  fo  that  the  Subftance  of  whart 

5  he  is  to  fay   will  be  manifeft  unto  your  Majefty  : 

*  Yet,  give  us  Leave  to   add  farther,  it  can  be  no 

*  Obje£tion  againft  joining  with  a  Minifter  in  Pray- 
c  er,  not  to  know  before-hand  the  very  Words  that 
"•  he  will  lay  ;  for  then  one  muft  not  hear  any  pray 

*  before  Sermon,  where  every  feveral  Minifter  hath 

6  a  feveral  Form,  and   moft  vary  (till  according  to 
6  Occafion. 

*  Upon  the  whole  Matter ;  we  hope  your  Ma- 

*  jefty,  afier  a  more  ferious  Confideratioii,  will  ea- 

*  i\ly  difcexn  the  iuft  Caufe  which  the  two  Houies 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  247 

c  of  Parliament  have  to  remain,  as  they  do,  unfa-  An-  24  Car-   * 

*  tisfied  j  feeing  your  Sufpenfion  of  Epifcopal  Go-  , 

£  vernment  for  three  Years  doth  not   meet    with     November. 
'  their  Fears,  nor  can  prevent  the  Inconveniences 
c  which  muft  neceflarily  follow  upon  the  Return  of 
'  Biftiops,  and  the  Powers  which  you  referve  unto 

*  them  after  that  Time. 

'  For,  firjly  That  a  Biftiop,  fo  qualified  as  your 

*  Majefty  exprefleth,  (hall  rife  again  then,  is  wholly 
'  in   your  Majefty's  Choice,  and  unavoidable  by 
'  the  Parliament,  with  whom  if  you  will  not  agree 

*  before  (which  depends  meerly  upon  your  Ma- 
'  jefty4s  Will)  no  other  Government  can  be  fet  up  j 

*  and    then  this  of  Epifcopacy  returns,  and    that 

*  with  fo  great  a  Power,  as  the  Biftiop  may  chufe 

*  if  any  Minifter  at  all  ftiall  be  made  in  the  Church 
'  of  England ;  and  thofe  that  (hall,  to  be  at  his 
'  Devotion,  he  having  the  Negative  Voice  in  Or- 

*  dination  ;  which  we  humbly  conceive  the  Scrip- 

*  ture  holds  not  forth  to  have  been  in  that  Biftiop, 

*  who  is  there  mentioned  in]|  the  Writings  of  the 

*  Apoftles  ;  and  confequently  that  which  your  Ma- 

*  jefty  endeavours  to  preferve,  not  to  be  the  pri- 

*  mitive  Office  of  a  Biftiop. 

'  Then   for    Lands,    which   your  Majefty    al- 

*  ledgeth  to  be  fo  heavily  charged  with  Leafes  for 

*  ninety-nine  Years  ;  we  humbly  fay,  There  is  a 
«  Rent   which  you  ftill  are  pleafed    to  referve  to 
«  him,  and  the  Reverfion  after  thofe  Years  elapfed, 

*  fo  as  the  Proprietor  and  Property  (hall  continue 

*  as  before,  and  will  be  apprehended  to  be  but  a 

*  Door  left  open  for  the  fame  Greatnefs  and  Pomp, 

*  with  the  Confequences  thereof,  to  be  re-admitted 

*  upon  the  firft  Opportunity  j  which  being,  it  will 

*  be  impoffible  to  free  Men's  Minds  from  Fears, 

*  and   the  Diftempers  which  thofe  Fears  will  oc- 

*  cafion.     Befides,  it  cannot  be  expected  the  Pref- 

*  byterian  Government  ftiould  be  complied  with, 
6  and  exercifed  either  with  Profit  or  Comfort,  to 
5  the  Church  in  general,  or  to  particular  Perfons 

*  (whether  the  Governor  or  the  Governed)  every 
c  Body  feeing  it  to  be  fo  ftiort  lived,  and  molt  Men 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

*  fo  apt  to  refift  Government,  who  will  thereby  be 
£  emboldened  againft  this ;  fo  as  it  is  much  to  be 

*  doubted  that  what  your  Majefty  hath  done,  fup- 
'  pofing  it  will  quiet  the  present  Diftra£tions,  and 
'  give  Way  for  calmer  Debates  afterwards)  may 
'  rather  be  a  Means  of  farther  and  greater  Troubles., 

*  and  put  us  at  a  larger  Diftance  from  a  Compo- 

*  fure  of  the  Bufmefs  of  the  Church  for  the  Time 

*  to  come  than  we  are   now.     And  therefore  we 
c  hope  your  Majefty  will  pardon  our  prefling  you 

*  in  this  Manner,  and  not  think   it  unreafonable 
'  that  the  Houfes  of  Parliament  do  fo  infift  upon 

*  thefe    Particulars,  which   to  them   appear  of  fo 
'  great    Confequence.     The  Intention  is  not,  as 
'  was  faid  before,  to  offer  Violence  to  your  Ma- 

*  jefty's   Confcience,  but  that  you    will  pleafe  to 
f  rectify   it,  by  being  better  informed,  that  both 

*  yourfelf  and  your  People  may  have  Caufe  of  Re- 

*  joicing. 

'  Upon  thefe  Grounds,  and  many  more  too  long 
f  to  be  here  inferted,  we  again  humbly  beleech  your 
'  Majefty  to  reyiew  our  former  Papers  ;  call  to 
'  Mind  thofe  Reafons  and  Arguments  which,  in 
f  Debate,  have  been  ufed  upon  this  Subject,  and 
'  fuch  other  as  your  Wifdom,  upon  the  Recollec- 
6  tion  of  your  Thoughts,  will  fuggeft  unto  you  j 
f  and  then,  all  confidered,  that  you  will  be  pleafed 

*  to  give  your  Royal   Confent  to  the  Particulars 
'  above  fpecified,  according  to  our  Defires  exprefied 

*  in  our  Paper  of  the  25th  of  September.' 

[Sign'd  by  the  Commiffioners.~\ 

His  MAJESTY'S  Final  ANSWER  to  the  COMMIS- 
SIONERS Papers  about  the  CHURCH. 

CHARLES  R  Newport,  Nov.  21,  1648. 

TG*O  R  a  final  Anfiver  to  you^  as  to  your  Paper  of 
•+  the  ijth  of  this  In/lent^  concerning  the  Churchy 
and  to  your  loft  Papsr  of  ths  20th  Injlunt,  his  Me- 
jefty  faith,  That  he  is  -well  pie  a  fed  with  the  Ex- 
prejfions  both  in  the  Preface  and  Condufion  of  the 
faid  loft  Papery  That  his  t<,vo  Houfes  intend  not 

4  to 


cf   ENGLAND.  249 

to  force  or  offer  Violence  to,  but  inform  and  rec-  An,  24 Car, 

tify,  his  Confcience ;  and  therefore,  notwithjlanding     ,   l6*8' , 

the  NeceJJity  which  is  urged  upon  him  through  your  Kwesdw 
whole  Paper  for  his  prefent  ConceJJtons,  (which  other- 
wife  might  feem  to  contraditt  thofe  Exprejffions  which 
fo  well  pleafed  his  Majejly,  yet  he  hopes  his  enfuing 
Anfwers  will  fatisfy  his  two  Houfes,  Jince  he  is  there- 
unto  enforced  by  his  Conjcience,  which  fully  concurs 
with  the  Senfe  of  all  other  Parliaments,  but  this,  fine* 
the  Reformation, 

Firft,  As  for  the  Abolition  of  Epifcopacy  ;  if 
what  you  defire  of  his  Majejly  would  not,  being 
granted,  abfolutely  remove^  nay  abolijh,  the  Exercife 
of  the  Apojlolical  Bijhop,  this  Point  would  be  foon 
agreed  betwixt  his  Majejly  and  his  two  Houfes  ;  for 
all  the  additional  Power  and  Jurifdiftion  which  his 
Majejly' s  PredeceJJors  have  be/lowed  upon  that  Apo- 
Jlolical  Funftion^  he  hath  consented  Jhall  be  taken 
away,  as  Archbijhops,  Deans  and  Chapters^  &c. 
leaving  nothing  but  what  (as  his  Majcjly  believes  to 
have  proved  by  his  Papers  to  your  Divines)  was 
charly  injlituted  by  the  Apoftles  themfelves  j  and  if 
he  Jhould  give  Way  to  remove  all  EccleJMftical  Func- 
tions, which  by  Laiv  are  exercifed,  by  that  Rule 
even  the  Preflyters  themfelves  might  be  taken  a^voy  ; 
for  quejiionlefs  the  Civil  Sanction  gives  the  legal  act- 
ing Power  to  all  Divine  Institutions,  otherwife  the 
Chrifiian  Clergy  would  now  be  in  little  better  Cafe 
than  they  were  before  there  were  Chrifiian  Emperon. 
As  for  thofe  Apojlolical  Practices  which  have,  or  may 
(for  the  Avoidance  of  greater  Evils]  be  altered,  his 
Majejly  denies  not  but  that  Circumjlances  may  change 
the  Nature  of  Moral  Actions  ;  and  may  perhaps  make 
that  which  is  a  Fault  at  one  Time,  fingly  conftdfrcd 
in  itfelf,  become  a  Duty  at  another  ;  yet,  if  the  Par- 
ticulars now  demanded  be  not  Jit  to  be  done,  or  per- 
haps a  Fault  if  done,  his  Majejly  conceives  (the 
good  End  being  the  fame  on  both  Sides,  to  wit,  the 
Peace  of  the  Kingdom]  that  the  Confideration  of 
extraordinary  C(rcumjlanccs  ought  rather^  in.  this 
Cafe,  to  have  a  powerful  Operation  with  his  two 
Houfes  to  recede  from  their  Demands,  (ivhich  can- 
not 


^  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

*4  CaE<  I' not  Is  thought  a  Fault  in  them)  than  to  be  made  Uft 
of  as  an  Argument  to  prefs  his  Majejly  to  do  a  'Thing 
dgainft  his  Conscience ',  which  appears  to  him  to  be  un- 
lawful ;  fince  the  fame  good  End  may  as  well  be  ob- 
tained by  relaxing  on  the  one  Side,  as  by  prejfeng  on  the 
.other.  Befedes,  his  Majejly  conceives  not  this  to  be  of 
that  Number,  it  being  not  only  a  bare  Practice,  but 
an  Inftitution  for  continual  Ufe  in  the  Church, 

Secondly,  As  for  the  Sale  of  Bijhops  Lands  ;  his 
Majejly  conceives  that  Precedents  in  Cafes  of  Con- 
fcience,  cannot  fatisfy,  they  only  proving  that  fuch 
Things  were  done,  not  the  Lawfulness  of  them.  Now, 
that  the  total  Alienation  of  Church  Lands  (zvhich  is 
the  true  State  of  the  ^uejlion]  is  Sacrilege,  Divines, 
cf  all  Sorts,  and  of  all  Times,  though  otherwife  dif- 
fering in  Opinion,  yet  herein  agree  with  his  Majcfty's 
Judgment  ;  which  being  well  weighed,  he  hopes  may 
Jathfy  as  to  this  Particular.  Nor  can  the  Practices 
under  the  Ceremonial  Law  male  any  Thing  for  this 
Cafe,  becaufe  in  thofe  Days  full  Compenfation  was  al- 
ways intended  and  ordinarily  followed,  though  abfolute 
Neceffity,  and  not  fuch  as  might  be  otherwife  avoided, 
difpenfed  fundry  Times  with  employing  of  Sacred 
Things. 

Upon  the  whole  Matter,  his  Majejly  hopes  that 
his  ttvo  Houfes,  after  a  more  ferious  Confederation 
of  thefe  and  his  former  Reafons,  will  clearly  dif- 
tern  that  they  are  not  pretended,  but  real  Points  of 
Conscience  upon  which  he  now  Jlicks  ;  and  Jince,  by- 
the  Sufpenfeon  of  Epifcopacy  for  three  Tears,  his 
Majejly  hath  fully,  for  that  Time,  granted  his  two. 
Houfes  Defires ;  fence  he  hath  reduced  the  Office  of 
a  Bijhop,  not  only  to  the  Apojlolical  Injlitution,  which 
yon  fay  is  nst  defered  to  be  removed,  but  likewife  taken 
away  all  thofe  additional  Powers  and  Junjdiflions 
•which  can  make  them  liable  to  the  Imputation  of 
thofe  Grievances  and  Inconveniences  mentioned  in 
your  Paper  ;  for  as  for  the  Negative  Voice  in  Or- 
dination, his  Majejly  much  wonders  that  any  can 
queftion  that  Power  to  have  been  in  the  Apojlallcal 
Bijhop,  it  being  evident  by  I  Tim.  v.  22.  and  Ti- 
t^is  i.  5.  that  Me  Ordination  was  praclljed  by  therii  ; 

and 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  251 

tin  i  fine e  it  is  more  than  likely  that,  upon  a  fokmn  De-  An-   24  Car.  I. 
bate  bad  with  the  Divines,   according  to  bis  Majejly's    t 
former    De fires,    bis   Majefty  and    the    two    Houfes       November, 
will  agree   upon  a  fettled  Form  of  Cburch  Govern* 
meat  long  before  the  End  of  three  Years,   whereby  all 
tbofe   Di/lraclions,  feared  after  that  Time,   will  be 
prevented.  - 

And  laftly,  as  for  Church  Lands  ;  Jince  by  the 
heavy  charging  of  them,  bis  Majefty  hath  fatisfied 
thofe  Burthens  for  which  they  were  engaged,  he  can- 
not but  hope  that  his  two  Houfes  will  reft  fatisfied 
with  thefe  and  his  former  Anjwers  ;  efpeciatly  con- 
ftdering  that  if  the  Treaty  ficuld  break  off"  upon  this, 
which  God  forbid,  the  Violence  offered  to  his  Majfjiy'f 
Confcience,  agaitift  which  you  ^protejl,  would  be  too 
apparent  to  all  the  World.  Bejides,  the  Confufon 
that  mujl  necejjlirily  follow  in  all  thefe  his  Dominions, 
which  is  no  ways  in  his  Majefty' s  Power  to  help  ; 
for  you  know  who  fays,  What  (hall  it  profit  a  Man 
to  gain  the  whole  World,  if  he  lofe  his  own  Soul  ? 
Whereas  on  the  contrary,  the  Compliance  with  his 
Majejty  in  thefe  Particulars  puts  him  in  a  right  Way 
for  the  better  Information  of  his  Conscience,  and  in 
the  mean  Time  fettles  a  happy  Peace  in  thefe  di dratted 
Kingdoms. 

Concerning  his  Majejlys  Declaration  for  a  fit 
Form  of  Divine  Service,  in  his  Anfwer  of  the 
fourth  of  this  Inflant,  his  Majefty  having  now  ob- 
ferved  the  Latitude  of  the  Directory,  is  willing  that 
that  ExpreJJion  Jhall  not  be  taken  as  any  Part  of  his 
Anfwer. 

As  to  all  other  Particulars,  his  Majefty  adheres  to 
his  former  Anfwer  s. 

The  Commiffioners  fecond  Paper  was  to  inform 
the  Parliament,  that,  on  the  2ift  Inftant,  they  had 
prefented  to  trie  King  the  Votes  and  Refolutions 
of  both  Houfes  of  the  151)1,  in  Anfwer  to  his  Ma- 
jefty's  Propofitions  of  the  iyth  of  October  laft, 
(which  they  recite,  and  are  already  given  at  p.  81 
and  150)  and  that  of  thefe  the  King  had  declared 
his  Acceptance  as  follows : 

Newport, 


¥he  Parliamentary  fit  I  s  T  o  K  v 
CHARLES  R.        Newport,  Nov.  21,  1648. 

11 v '       TJ I S  Majejly  having   received  the   Votes   of  both 

November.      J~L    ^^    ^  ^  ^    ^  November    /^^    /., 

Anfwer  to  his  own  Proportions,  formerly  fent  to   both 
HHMajefty's      #««/«,   is  well  pleafed, 

AiMwer,  touch-       j.  That,  from  ana r  after  fuch  Time  as  the  Agree- 
we  the  Votes     mentf   Of  this  Treaty  be   ratified,  by   Aft  or  Atts  of 

BDi«l    his  own        r>»-  it     7  •        IT      r  a>  r  •    » 

Parliament,  all  his  Honfes,  Manors,  Lands,  with 
the  growing  Rents  and  Profits  thereof,  and  all  other 
legal  Revenues  of  the  Crinvn,  Jliall  be  rejlored  unta 
him,  liable  to  the  Maintenance  of  antient  Forts ,  and 
all  other  public  and  legal  Charges  which  they  were  t 
formerly  charged  withal,  or  liable  unto ;  with  an 
Exception  of  fuch  Cajlles  and  Forts  as  are  now  gar- 
rifoned,  and  of  fuch  Places  for  public  Magazines  and 
Stores  as  are  now  made  Ufe  of,  for  Jo  long  Time  as 
both  Houfcs  Jhall  think  fit  to  make  Vfe  of  them  for  the 
xece/Jary  Defence  of  the  Kingdom. 

2.  His  Jwajejly  doth  likewife  accept  of  fuch   Com- 
penfation  for   thofe   legal  growing  Revenues  and  Pro- 
fits of  the   Crown   which  he  hath  or  Jhall  confent  to 
part  withM,  for  the  Satisfaction  of  both  Houfes  in 
this  Treaty,   in  fuch  Manner  and  Proportion  as  Jhall 
be   agreed   upon    between   his   Majefty   and  his    two 
Houfes. 

3.  His  Majejly  is  well  pie afed  that  he  be  fettled  in 
a  Condition  of  Honour,   Freedom,  and  Safety,  agree- 
able to  the  Laws  of  the  Land. 

4.  And  he  doth  confent  to  an  Aft  of  Oblivion  and 
Indemnity  to  be  pafs'd,  to  extend  to  all  Perfons  for  all 
Matters,  with  fuch  Limitations  and  Pravifions  as  ft) all 
be  agreed  between  him  and  his  two  Houfes  of  Parlia- 
ment, 

5.  And  his  Majejly  ivitl  farther  confent,  that  it  be 
declared  by   Acl   of  Parliament,  that  nothing  in  his 
Jl/fajp/?y's  Propojitions  Jhall  be  made  Ufe  of  to  abro- 
gate, weaken,  or  anywife  impair  any  Agreement  in  this 
Treaty,  or  any  Law,  Grant,  or  Conceffion,  agreed  upon 
by  his  Majejly  •  and  his  two  Hovfes  of  Parliament  in 
2wfuar.ce  thereof. 

After 


of    ENGLAND.  253 

-After  reading  thefe  Papers  the  Commons  pafled  An.  24.  dr.  I.' 
the  following  Votes  : 

1.  «  That  the  King's  Anfwer,  contained  in  a 
Paper  of  the  2ift  Inftant,  to  the  late  Proportion 
concerning  the  Church,    in  all  the  Parts,  except  The  K!ng.$  iaft 
wherein  he  has  declared  his  Confcnt,  is  not  fatif-  Anfwer  concern- 

fa&orv  in8  lhe  chltrcl1 

I4CLUI).  voted  unfatisfao 

2.  '  That  the  Treaty  be  continued  to  Monday torft  ana  the 
Night,  the  ayth  Inftant;  and  that  the  Commif-  Treaty  farther 
fioners  be  enjoined  to  come  away  the  next  Day,continucd' 
with  fuch  final  Anfwer  as  they  {hall  receive  from 

the  King  to  what  remains.' 

The  firft  of  thefe  Refolutions  pafs'd  without  a 
Divifion.  The  fecond  was  carried  by  a  Majority 
of  94  againft  60  ;  and  the  Lords  having  agreed  to 
them  both,  they  were  ordered  to  be  fent  away  to 
the  Commiflioners  with  all  Speed. 

The  fame  Day,  Nov.  24,  a  Letter  from  the 
Lord- Admiral  fvanutck^  dated  Nov.  15,  from 
aboard  the  St.  George,  riding  off  Hehoetjluys,  was 
read  in  the  Houfe  of  Commons ;  giving  an  Ac- 
count of  the  State  and  Condition  of  the  revolted 
Ships  ;  defiring  Pay  for  the  Mariners  that  had  fub- 
mitted,  and  alfo  a  Gratuity  of  two  Months  for 
fuch  as  had  been  inftrumental  in  procuring  that 
Submiffion.  Hereupon  the  Houfe  refolved  to  raife  The  Commoai 
20,000 /.  upon  the  Credit  of  the  Cuftoms,  for  the  OTder  *o,oooj: 
Service  of  the  Fleet.  ^r.heFle«, 

Nov.  25.  The  Commons  refolved,  That  James  And  commit  the 

[Duke  of  Hamilton]  Earl   of  Cambridge  be  remo- Dukeo^Hiimi^ 
j  r  J/T-L     j    i    r,       ,     •       r    •     r     „•        /i          ton  to  Wmdiee- 

ved  from  Ajhby  de  la  Zoitcb,  in  Leicefterjhire^  (where  Caftlc. 

he  had  been  in  Cuftody  of  the  Lord  Grey)  and  that 
he  be  committed  clofe  Prifoncr,  bv  Order  of  that 
Houfe,  to  Jf^tndfor-Caftle^  for  HighTreafon  in  bring- 
ing in  a  foreign  Army  to  invade  this  Kingdom,  and 
levying  actual  War  therein  ;  and  that  it  be  referred 
to  the  Lord-General  Fairfax^  to  take  Care  for  the 
bringing  and  delivering  him  fafely  into  the  Cuftody 
of  the  Governor  of  FrinJfir-CaJflt,  to  be  there 
4  kept 


November. 


A  Letter  from 
Col.  Hammond, 
inclofuig 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

kept  clofe  Prifoner  accordingly. —  It  may  be  re- 
membered that,  on  the  loth  of  this  Month,  ths 
Commons  had  refolved  to  inflict  a  Fine  of 
roo,ooo/.  upon  the  Duke  of  Hamilton^  to  which 
the  Lords  not  giving  their  Concurrence,  probably^ 
occafioned  this  peremptory  Vote  of  the  other 
Houfe. 

Nov.  27.  A  Letter  from  Co!.  Hammond,  Go- 
vernor of  the  IJle  of  Wight^  brought  up  by  Major 
Cromwell^  was  read. 

For  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  MA  tf  CHESTER, 
Speaker  of.  the  Houfe  of  PEERS  pro  Tempore,  at 
Wcftnimfter. 

.  JL*   j-      ,  Carhbrooke-Caflle^  Nov.  26,  1648. 

HAving  lately  received  this  inciofed  Letter 
from  his  Excellency  the  Lord  Fairfax^  I 
thought  it  my  Duty  to  acquaint  your  Lc  rdfhip 
with  it  ;  and  to  let  you  know  the  General  having 
"Authority  of  Parliament  for  the  commanding  of 
all  the  Forces  in  this  Kingdom,  and  I  having 
no  pofitive  Inftructions  from  the  Parliament  for 
my  conftant  Abode  here,  or  other  of  Force  at 
this  prefent,  fave  only  to  take  Care  that  there  be 
a  fufficient  Guard  for  the  Safety  of  the  Iflancl, 
and  to  hinder  the  taking  away  of  the  King's 
Perfon  from  hence ;  upon  moft  ferious  C.onfide- 
ration,  finding  no  Way  to  avoid  it,  J  refolved  it 
my  Duty  to  give  as  fpeedy  Obedience  to  it  as  the 
Duty  I  owe  to  your  Commands  and  Services 
would  permit. 

'  I  expected  before  this  to  have  feen  Col.  Ewer, 
by  whofe  Hands  this  inciofed  fhould  have  been 
conveyed  unto  you  ;  but  he  failing,  and  my  Let- 
ter being  pofitive  for  my  fpeedy  Repair  to  the 
General,  I  refolve,  fo  foon  as  I  can  fettle,  the  beft 
I  may,  the  Soldiers  and  Inhabitants  of  this  liland 
for  the  beft  Advantage  of  your  Service,  to  take 
my  Journey  to  the  Head  Quarters  ;  where  I  fhall 
be  ready  to  receive  your  Lordftiip's  Commands, 
5  'if 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  255 

*  if  they  come  to  me  before   my  Return,  which  I '.An.  24  Car,  I. 
'  propofe  (God  willing)    (hall  "be  the  next   Hour  t     l*&-  J 

*  after  his  Excellency  (hall   pleafe  to  difmifs  me  j     Novcmbtr. 

*  if  I  do  not  before  that  Time  receive  your  Lord- 

*  {hip's   Difcharge  of  my  unhappy   Employment, 
'  which  I  again  moft  humbly  and  heartily  beg  of 
'  you.      If  your  Lordfhip  pleafe  to  certify  your 

*  Pleafure  to  me  by  this  Bearer,  it  (hall,  to  the 

*  utmoft  of  my  Ability,  be  obferved  as  becomes  him, 

*  who  muft  ever  fubfcribe  himfelf, 

Tour  Lord/trip's  moft  faithful  Servant, 

R.  HAMMOND. 

Next  was  read  the  Letter  from  the  Lord-Ge- 
neral to  Col.  Hammond. 

SIR,  St.  Man's,  Nov.  21, 1648. 

*  T  Have  received  your  Letter  of  the  igth  of  this  Another  from 

*  •*•   Inftant,  whereby  I  apprehend  your  great  Dif-  Lord  Fairfax,  n 
«  fatisfaftion,  Trouble,  and  Burthen  in  relation  tounP*e 

*  your  prefent  Employment,  and  fome  other  Things 
'which    hath    occasioned    your   Addrefs   to    the 

*  Houfes  ;  therefore  I  defire  before  you  refolve  quit- 
6  ting  your  Truft,  even  with   all  poffible  Speed, 
'  to  repair  to  me,  becaufe  I  have  fomewhat  to  com- 

*  municate  to  you  of  a  very  public  Concern  j  and 
<  doubt  not  likewife,  upon  a  true  Underftanding  of 
'Things,  you  may  receive  that  Satisfaction  which 
'  will  encourage  you  to  continue  your  Charge.     I 
«  have  herewith  fent  Colonel  Ewer,  the  fitteft  Per- 
«  fon  I  could  think  of,  to  take  Care  of  the  Ifland 
'  till  you  return,  and  therefore  fay  the  lefs  becaufe 

*  I  expert  fo  foon  to  fee  you. 

Tour  very  affeftionate  Friend, 

FAIRFAX. 

When  thefe  Letters  were  read  in  the  Houfc  of 
Commons,  feveral  Members  took  great  Offence  at 
the  Lord -General's  Behaviour,  declaring  they 
Would  by  no  Means-.confent  that  Colonel  Hammond- 

ftould 


2  56 


Parliamentary 


Am  54  Car.  I.  fhould  leave  the  JJle  of  Wight, 


r  s  T  b  ft  V 

To  which  it  was 


6*8' 


Debate  there- 
upon, 


anfsyered  by  the  Independents,  '  That  this  was 
not  a  Time  to  give  the  Army  any  Caufe  of  Diftafte 
or  Jealoufy  :  That,  fince  the  General  had  fent  for 
Colonel  Hammond  to  confult  with  him,  it  would 
be  taken  as  an  Affront,  if  the  Houfe  fhould  lay  any 
contrary  Commands  upon  him,  and  feem  to  b« 
done  on  purpofe  to  exafperate  the  Army,  by  ob- 
ftru&ing  their  Poceedings,  and  as  it  were  to  a- 
bridge  the  General  of  exercifing  Command  over 
his  inferior  Officer.'  To  this  it  was  replied,  '  That 
the  giving  the  Charge  of  the  King,  at  this  Time^ 
to  any  new  Perfon,  would  prove  a  greater  Caufe 
of  Jealoufy  to  the  People,  concerning  his  Majefty's 
Safety  :  That  the  requiring  Colonel  Hammond  to 
continue  his  Command,  and  not  to  give  up  his 
Charge  to  another,  could  not  be  interpreted  an 
Affront  to  the  Army,  or  an  Intent  to  abridge  the 
General  in  point  of  Command,  becaufe  Colonel 
Hammond,  as  Guardian  of  the  King's  Perfon,  was 
intruded  not  only  by  the  Houfes,  and  by  Ordinance 
of  Parliament,  but  alfo  by  Patent  under  the  Great 
Seal  ;  and  therefore  he  ought  not  to  give  up  his 

Char8e  to  an7  other>   kut  ty  Confent  of  Parlia- 
rnent.'     To  this  nothing  was  anfwered  j  and  the 
•inue  his  Charge  Refult  was  fo  fend  away,  with  all  Expedition,  the 
tleifleffV/Vht  following  Anfwers   to    the  Letters  from   Colonel 
f'  Hammond,   and  the  Lord-General,   figned  by  the 
Speakers  of  both  Houfes. 
And  firft  that  to  the  Colonel  : 

S  I  R,  Wejlmmjler,  Nov.  27,  1648. 

<^yOUR  Letter  of  the   26th  Inftant,   directed 

*  -     to  the  Speaker  of  the  Houfe   of  Lords,  hath 

*  been  read   in  both  Houfes  ;   whereby  you   inti- 

*  mate  you  have  received  a  Letter  from  the  Lord- 

<  General  Fairfax,  importing  his  Defire  for  your 

*  fpeedy  Repair  unto  him,  and  that  Colonel  Ewer 
(  was  by  him  appointed  to  take  the  Charge  of  the 

*  Ifiand  in  your  Abfence  ;  the  Houfes  of  Parliament 
'  have  taken  into  ferious  Confideration  the  Matter  of 

<  the  Lord-General's  Letter,  and  your  Letter  there-' 

'  upon 


mondto  cond 


^ENGLAND.  2;7 

c  upon,  and  finding  the  Affairs  of  that  Ifland,  in  ^n.  24  Car.  j. 

*  relation  to    the  Treaty,    and    their  inftru&ions   ^      |<H8- 

'  eiven  unto  you  concerning  the  fame,  in  fuch   a  ""November  ^ 
'  Pofture  as  that  they  cannot  poflibly  difpenfe  with 
'  your  perfonal  Attendance  upon  that  Charge,  have 

*  commanded  us  to  let  you   know,  that  it  is  their 

*  Pleafure,  and   they  do  accordingly  enjoin  you  to 
'  refide  there,  and  to  demean  you rfelf  according  to 
'  the  Truft  repofed  in  you  by  the  faid  Houfes,  and 
'  their  Inftru6Hons  formerly  given  unto  you,  untill 

*  you  {hall  receive   further    Order    from  the    faid 

<  Houfes  }    and  they  have   fignified   their  Pleafure 

<  therein  to  the  General,     This  is  all  at  prefent  that 
«  is  commanded  us. 

Tour  Aft&imtate  Friends,  &c. 

The  ANSWER  of  both  Hoitfs  to  the  Lord  FAIRFAX^ 

My  Lord,  Wejlmlnjier,  Nov.  27,   1648. 

'   '  •  ^  H  E  Houfes  being  acquainted,  by  a  Letter 
'     JL      from  Col.   Hammond,    dated  the    26th   of 

*  this  Inftant,  of  your  Excellency's  Define  that  he 

*  fhould  fpeedily  repair  unto  you,  have  command- 

*  ed  us  to  let  you  know  that   they  cannot  poflibly 

*  difpence  with  his  Abfence  from  his  Charge  in  ths 

*  Ifland,  in  regard  of  the  Inftru&ions  he  hath  re- 
'  ceived  from  both  Houfes  concerning  the  Safety  of 
'  the 'Kind's  Perfon,  and  the  Security  of  that  Place; 
'  and    therefore  they  defire  you  not   to  expect  his 
'  fudden  Repair  to  you,  nor  to  appoint  Col.  EVJCT^ 

*  or  any  other,  to  take  the   Charge  of  the  Illar.d  x 

*  untill  the  Pleafure  of  both  Houfes  be  further  fij»- 

*  nined  unto  you  ;  and  fo  we  remain, 

Your  Lcrdfiip* s  affcftionate  Fi  lends,  &c. 

A  Letter  was  alfo  ordered  to  be  written  to  the 
Lord-Admiral,  requiring  him  to  fend  lome  Ships 
to  the  Ifle  of  Flight,  for  'the  Defence  i>.nd  Safety 
of  that  Place,  \vitn  D  redlions  to  obey  the  Com- 
of  Col.  Hammond. 

VOL.  XVU,  R  .V.r. 


Col 


1 5$  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

AA.  24  Car.  I.       Nov.  29.  Several  Papers  relating  to  an  intended 

, . ,  Removal  of  the  King's  Perfon  from  Newport,  were 

*  November.  tnis  Day  read  in  the  Houfe  of  Lore's,  inclofed  in  the 
following  Letter  from  Col.  Hammond,  addreis'd  to 
the  Earl  of  Mancbejltr,  their  Speaker. 

Newport,  Nov.  28,   1648. 
My  Lord, 

Letters  and  other  *  Q  Ince  my  laft  to  you,  Col.  Ewer  is  come  into 
HaSmonT  «-  '  3  this  Ifland-  At  his  Coming,  I  demanded  of 
fating  to-the  Ge- £  him  to  know  what  Inftructions  he  had,  and  from 
Bend's  Order  re-  c  whom ,  fcecaufe,  though  I  held  myfelf  obliged 

quiring  him  to      c  i.      •     t      /•»  i*      /w  j       •  • 

give  up  the  to  °bey  the  General  s    Commands   in  going  to 

charge  of  the    *  him,  yet  I  had  a  Truft  upon  me  from  the  Par- 
*'l*>ei^on  Q '  liament,    no  ways,    as  I  conceived,  relating   to 
'  the  General   or  the   Army,    which    I   muft  b« 
4  faithful  unto,  to  the  utmoft  of  my  Power,  and 
'  careful,  as  much  as   in  me  lies,  that  the  Parlia- 

*  ment  and  Kingdom's  Services  might  not  be  pre- 

*  Judiced   in  my  Abfence.     He  produced  a  Letter, 

*  figned  by  "John  Rujhworth,  in  the  Name  and  Be- 
6  half  of  the  General  Council  of  the  Army,  order- 

*  ing  him  to  come  hither;  and  if  in  cafe  I  fhould,  ac- 
4  cording  to  the  Commands  of  the  General,  repair 

*  to  the  Head  Quarters,  then  he  to  fecure  the  Per- 
'  fon  of  the  King   in   Cari/brooke-Caftle,  or  other- 
'  wife  as  he  fhould  think  fit ;,  and  in  cafe  I  fhould 
'  refufe,  then-  to  do  as  God  fhould  direct  him,  gt- 
'  ving  him  Power  to  raife  other  Forces ;  and  if  he 
1  fhould  fo  fecure  him,  if  he  found  any  Hazard  in 

*  being  here,  to  give  them  Notice,  and  to  bring 

*  ttve  King  over  the  Water.     This  was  the  Sub- 

*  ftance  (to  the  beft  of  my  Remembrance)   of  his 

*  faid  Inftruclions,    to  which  I  gave  him  Anfwer 

*  to  this  Effedl:,  That  I  knew  none  whatever  had 
'  Authority  over  me  as  a  Soldier  but  the  General, 

*  except  the  Parliament ;  neither  did  I  hold  myfelf 

*  obliged,  or  would  I  give  Obedience  to  any  other 

*  Authority  or  Perfon  whatfoever  :  But  that  to  the 

*  Matter  of  his  Directions,  as  I  conceived,  I  ought 
not  to  give  Obedience  to  any  fave  the  Parliament 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  0.  259 

*  alone,    who    had    intruded    me,    and    only  had    An.  24  c»r.  2, 

*  Power  fo  to  do  ;  but  rather  plainly  told  him,  that .        l648' 
'  if  he,  or  any  other,  fhould  fo  proceed  to  violate 

'  my  Inftrudtions  from  the    Parliament,    whilft  I 
'  continued   fo  in  Truft,  I  held  myfelf 'bound  in 

*  Confcience,   Honour,  and  Duty  to  oppofe  them 

*  to  my  utmoft ;    and    accordingly,  God   aflifting 

*  me,  I  refolved  to  do.     T*his  was  the  Subftafice 

*  of  my  Artfwer,  upon  which  he  is  refolved  forth- 

*  with  to  go  along  with  me  to  the  Head  Quarters. 
'  This  I  hold  my  Duty  to  acquaint  your  Lordmip 

<  with,  and  alfo  what  Order  I  have  taken  in  my 
«  Abfence  for  the  preventing  of  fuch  Practices  as 
'  you  will  perceive^  by  the  inclofed  Directions  and 
e  Inftructions,  (which  I  affure  your  Lordmip  is  the 

*  All  in  my  Power  to  do)  that  upon  the  Confidera- 

<  tion  of  it,  your  Lordmip  may  take  fuch  further 

*  Order  in  an  Affair  of  fuch  high  Concernment  as 

*  to  your  Wifdom  fhall  feem  beft.     Whatever  the 

*  Event  be,   I  can  fay  with  the   Teftimony  of  a 
«  good  Confcience,  that  in  this  whole  weighty  Bu- 

*  fmefs,  which  hath  now  more  than  twelve  Months 

*  lain    upon  me,    I  have,  as  in    the  Prefence  of 
'  God^  faithfully  and  honeftly  difcharged  my  Truft 
'  to  the  beft  Advantage  of  your  Service,  and  not 

*  more  in  any  Thing  than  in  this ;    and  if  for  a 

<  Reward  for  it,  and  all  other   Hazards,  Labour, 

*  and  Blood  I  have  undergone  and  fpent  in  your 
'  Service,  I  may  now   receive    a  Difcharge    from 

<  you  of  that  Burthen,  fo  much  too  heavy  for  me,1 
«  I  (hall  reft  fully   fatisned,  blefs  my  God,  thank 
4  your   Lordmip,   and    be  further  obliged   tcf  be, 

<  what  I  muft  ever  be, 

My  Lord, 

Tour  Lord/hlfs  mojf  faithful  Servant, 

R.  HAMMOND. 

P.  S.  '  Since  the  Writing  hereof  I  received  tb« 

<  Original  to  thefe  two  Copies  inclofed.' 

R  2  ft 


260  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

n.   44.  Car.  1. 71)  Colonel  ROBERT   HAMMOND,  Governor  of  the 
l6*8-     t       IJle  of  Wight,  or  to  Col  EWER,  or  to  the  Chief 

November.  Commander  of  the  Forces  there, 

'  \\7Hereas  *"s  Excellency  the  Lord-General, 
'    **     and    the    General    Council    of    Officers, 

*  have  prefcnted  a  Remonftrance  to  the  Houfe  of 
'  Commons,  fetting  forth  the  Danger  and  Evil  of 

*  the  prefent  Treaty ;  and  deiiring,  amongft  other 

*  Things,   that  the  Perfon  of  the  King  may  be 
4  proceeded  againft  in  a  due  Way  of  Juftice ;  and 

*  the  Houfe  having  as  yet  given  no  Anfwer  or  Re- 
'  folution  thereupon  ;  to  the  end  therefore  that,  by 
c  his  Efcape  in  the  mean  Time,   the  Confideration 
'  of  the  faid  Deftres,   or  any  Reafons  thereof,  may 

*  not  be  fruftrated,  you  are  hereby  defired  and  re- 
c  quired,  upon  the  Receipt  hereof,  immediately  to 

*  fecure   the  Perfon  of  the    King  in  Canjbrooke- 

*  Co/He,  in  fuch  Condition  as  before  the  Treaty  ; 
'  and  that  you  continue  him  fo  fecured  untill  fome 

*  Refolution    from    the   Parliament  in  Anfwer  to 
'  the  faid   Remonftrance,  or  otherwife  as  you  fliall 
c  receive  further  Orders  from  his  Excellency   the 
'  Lord-General. 

By  the  Appointment  of  his  Excellency  the  Lord- 
General  and  Council  of  Officers,  held  at  Wind- 
for,  Nov.  25,  1648. 

JOHN  RUSHWORTH,  Sec. 

For  Colonel  H  A  M  M  o  N  D,    Governor  of  the   Jfle 

of  Wight. 
SIR, 

rH  E  Providence  of  God,  together  with  th? 
Senfe  i'.e  hiith  been  pleafed.  to  fet  upon  our 
Hearts  concerning  the  Condition  of  Affairs  in  the 
Kingdom,  in  relation  to  the  Treaty,  hath  led  us 
to  vnr-pare  and  prefent  a  Remonftrance  to  the 
Houfe  of  Commons,  which  we  fend  herewith  to 
you  :  -We  have  found  a  general  Concurrence 
of  the  fame  Tiling,  throughout  the  Amy,  and 
feveral  Counties  t  and  we  dcfire,  as  the  Rsmon- 

«  ftrance, 


of   E  NG  LAND. 

ftrance,  and  the  Things  contained  therein,  {haft 
clofe  with  what  God  hath  fet  upon  your  Hearts, 
which  we  doubt  not  of  that  you  will,  in  a  pub- 
lic Way,  exprefs  to  the  General  you  and  your 
Forces  Approbation  thereof  and  Concurrence 
therein. 

By  the  Appointment  of  the  General  Council  of  Of- 
ficers, held  at  Windfor,  Nov.  25,   1648.' 

JOHN  RUSHWORTH,  Sec. 

Next  were  read  Copies  of  Col.  Hammond's  Or- 
ders and  Inftru&ions  to  Capt.  Bowcrman,  Major 
Rolph,  and  Capt.  Howes,  for  the  Safety  of  the  ifle 
of  Wight  and  the  Care  of  the  King's  Perfon, 
which  run  thus : 

Hereas   his  Excellency  the  Lord-General 
hath     commanded     my    fpeedy     Attend- 

*  ance  at  the  Head  Quarters,  in  order  to  which 

*  Commands  I  refolve  forthwith  to  begin  my  Jour- 

*  ney  ;  thefc  are  therefore  to  dcfire,  order,  and  ap- 

*  point  you,  the  faid  Capt.  Bowerman,  Major  Ralph, 
c  and   Capt.   Howes,  to  take  Care  of  the  Pefon  of 
'  the  King  and  this  Ifland,  according  to  the  annex - 

<  ed  Inftru&ions  from  both  Houfes,  directed  to  me, 

<  and  thefe    following  in  purfuance  of  them  ;    and 
«  you,  or  any  two  of  you,  are  hereby  authorized 
'  to  act  accordingly  untill  my  Return,  or  that  you 
'  receive    other    Directions  from  the  Parliament. 
c  I  have  alfo  cleared  and  appointed  the  two  Regi- 

<  ments  of  Train'd  Bands  of  this  Ifland  to  be  af- 
6  fitting  unto  thefe  Ends  ;  and  do  hereby  further 
'  require  all  other  Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  Ar- 
4  my  in  this  Ifland,  and  of  thofc  two  Companies 
c  raifed  in  this  Ifland  for  the  Defence  of  it ;  like- 
«  wife  all  Captains  and   Governors  of  Forts  and 

<  Caftles  in  this  Ifland  ;  as   alfo  all  Captains  and 
c  Officers  of  Ships,   appointed  for  the  Guard  of 
'  this  Ifland,  to  obferve  your  Directions  in  order 
'  to  the  Ends  aforefaid. 

R  3  I.  <  That 


26l 


November. 


'*  you 

*  Peri 


Parliamentary  H  i  ^r  p  ^  y 

,  I.  *  That  you  endeavour  to  the  utmoft,  by   all 
lawful  Ways  and  Means,  to   preferve  the  Peace 

November.          of  this  -^and- 

II.  ''  That   if  any    Perfon  whatfoever,    under 
e  what  Pretence  foevcr,  fh:-'l  endeayour  the  remoT 

*  ving  the  Perfcn  of  the  King  out  of  this  Ifland, 
'  unleft  by  direct  Order  of  the    Parliament,  that 

you  refift,  and,  to  the   utmoft,   oppofe  any  fuch 
rfons  •,   and  that  you  ufe  your  beft  Endeavours 

*  {o  fecure  the  Perfon  of  the  King  from  being  ta- 
«  ken  out  of  this  Ifland,   according  to  the  annexed 

*  Instructions  of  Parliament  directed  to  me,  untill 
5  the  Parliament  fhall  farther  order, 

III.  '  That  you  fuffer  no  Perfons  whatfoever  in 
f  this  Ifland  in  fuch  Numbers  as  may  endanger  the 

*  Peace  of  it,  or  the  Violation  of  the  annexed  Or- 
'  ders  of  Parliament. 

IV.  '  That,  if  Occafion  fhall  require,  you  give 

*  Notice  and   call  to   your  Ailiftanca  the  Train'd 
>  Bands,  or,   if  you  fee  Caufe,  all  other  the  Inha- 

*  bitants  of  this  Ifland,  who  are  inftru£ted  to  that 

*  Purpofe,  according  to  the  Ends  of  thefe  and  the 

*  annexed  Inftru6tion$  of  Parliament. 

Y.  '  That,  in  order  to  the  Ends  aforefaid,  you 
f  give  Orders  and  cammand  all  Officers  and  Sol- 

*  diers  of  the  Army,   now  in  the  Ifland,   the  two 

*  Companies  lately  raifed  in   this   Ifland,  all  Cap- 
«  tains  and  Governors  of  Forts  and  Caftles  in  this 

*  Ifland,  all  Ships  riding  before   it,   all  Boats  and 

*  Barges  belonging  to  it,  or  on  the  other  Side  the 
f  Water,   as  you  fhall  fee  Caufe. 

VI.  c  That  you  act  and  do  all  other  Things  that 
t  of  right  appertain  and  belong  to  me  as  Captain 
'  and  Governor  of  this  Ifland,  in  order  to  the  Ends 

*  aforefaid,  untill  my  Return,  or  you  receive  Or- 
1  ders  from  the  Parliament. 

G'^^n  under  iny  Hand  and  Seal  the  2jtb  Day  of 
November,  1648. 

RO.  HAMMOND. 

Annex'd  to  thefe  was  a  Copy  of  the  Ir.ftruftions 
from  both  Houfcs  to  Col.  Hammond,  dated  Au- 


*f    ENGLAND.  263 

gujl  24,    1648,  which  being  already  given  at  large  An<  *4Car.  I. 

in  our  Seventeenth  Volume,  p.  41 43  are  unnecefTary  ^__         f 

to  be  repeated.  N«v*mb«r. 

Next  follow  Col.  Hammond's  Inftru&ions  to  Sir 
Robert  Dillington?  Bart,  and  Sir  John  'Leigh?  Com- 
manders of  the  two  Regiments  of  Trajn'd  Bands  in 
the  Ifle  of  Wight?  requiring  them,  to  aflift  Capt. 
Bovoermtm\  Major  Rolph,  and  Capt.  Howes  in  pre* 
ferving  the  Peace  of  that  Ifland,  and  preventing  the 
Removal  of  the  King's  Perfon  from  thence  during 
the  Governor's  Abfence  ;  which  being  to  the  fame 
Effe&  as  thofe  given  to  the  laft-memion'd  Gen- 
tlemen, we  omit. 

The  fame  Day  all   the  foregoing  Papers  were  Which  the  Pat- 
prefented  to    the  Commons  ;    and,  after  a  Confe-  y 
rence  held    thereupon,  both   Houfes  agreed,  That 
a  Letter   be  written  to    the  General,  to  acquaint 
him,  that  his  Orders   to    Col.    Ewer  are  contra- 
ry to  the  Resolutions  of  Parliament,  and   the  In- 
ftru&ions  given  to  Col.  Hammondty  both  Houfes  ; 
and  to  require  him  to  recall  the  faid  Orders,  and  to 
command  Col.  Hammond  prefently   to  return  back 
to  his  Charge  in  the  Ifle  of  Wight. 

Nov.  30.  A  Letter  from  Major  Cromwell?  who 
had  been  lent  to  Col.  Hammond  with  the  Orders  of 
both  Houfes,  forbidding  him  to  leave  the  Ifle  of 
Wight?  inclolmg  another  from  the  Colonel  him- 
felf,  were  read  :  Both  thefe  were  addrefled  to  the 
Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of  Lords. 

My  lord?  Wind  fa  Nov.  28,   1648. 

*  f~^  Olonel  Hammond?  when  I  came  from  him, 
1  V_>  refolved  to  be  at  the  Head  Quarters  as  lafl; 

*  Night  or  this   Morning,    ami  appointed   me  to 

*  meet  him  there;    upon  which  Confideration,  ha- 

*  ving  received  your  Orders    to  be   conveyed  unto 

*  him,  I   thought   that  to  come  this  Way   by  the 
•«  Head  Quarters  was  the  fureft  Way  not  to  mifs 

*  h,im3  in  cafe  he  fliouM,  according  to  h-is  Purpofe, 

?v  4  «  he 


264  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  2.4.  Car.  I,  e  be  come  away  from  the  Ifland.     Before  I  could 

^    l  4  |     j  "*  get  hither  it  was  fomewhat  late  laft  Night ;  when 

November.     '  1  found  Col.  Hammond  not  come,  I  went  hence, 

*  intending  to  have  got  again  into  the  Poft-Road, 
'  and  fo  to  have  hafted   on  ;  but  having  forgot  to 
8  get  the  General's    Pafs,  which  I   did   not  know 

*  before-hand  to  be  fo  needful,  I  was,  for  want  of 
'.a  Pafs,  flayed   and  brought  back  by  the  Gentries 

*  about  the  Head  Quarters ;  and  the  Caftie  Gates 
'being  {hut, 'and  the  Bridge   drawn  and  lock'd, 

*  and  the  Keys  gone  up  to  the  Governor,  fo  as  I 

*  could  not  fend  unto  the  General,  was  ftay'd  here 
'  till  this  Morning.     I  am  now  going   with  what 

*  Speed  I  can,  and  hope  the  Time  for  your  Orders 

*  is  not  loft,  Col.    Hammond  being  not  yet  come 

*  hither  as  he  appointed,  fo   I  prefume  he  has  al- 
'  ready  altered   his  Purpofe  fjnce  my  coming  from 
*•  him. 

My  Lord, 

%~<wr  Lord/Jyip's  muft  humble  Servant, 
H.  CROMWELL. 

My  Lord,  Farnbam,  Nov.  29,   1648. 

*  TO  Eing  at  Farnham,    on   my  Journey  to    the 

*  .O   Head  Quarters  in  Obedience  to  the  Gene- 

*  ra|'s  Commands,    I  there  met  with  your  Lord- 

*  ibip's  Orders    brought  to  me   by   Major  Crom- 

*  w*Jl,  enjoining  me  to  rcfide  in  the  Ifle  of  Wight, 
'  which    I    {hall  yield    immediate   Obedience  to, 

*  by  making  my  prefent   Return  thither ;  though 

*  I    muft  needs  fay,    with   very  great  Sadnefe   of 

*  Heart,  becaufe  I  had  hoped  and    expected  that, 

*  accoiding  .to  my  moft  earn  eft  Defires,  you  would 
4  have  been  pleafed  to  have  freed  me  from  the  grie- 

*  vous  Burthen  I  have  been  fo  long  preffcd  under; 

*  my  Unfitnefs  for  which   is  fuch  for  many  Rea- 

*  fons,  that  I  yet  hope,  upon  your  further  Con  fid  e- 
?  ration  of  me,  you  will  pleafe  to  fet  me  at  Li- 

*  berty,  it  being   fo  much  for  the  Advantage  or" 

*  your  ,1/ordfhip's  Affairs :    This  therefore  I  muft, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  265 

*  ftill  leave  with  your  Lordftiips  as  the  moft  hearty  An  24.  Car.  i. 
e  Defire  of  ,      l64S"     . 

Your  Lord/hip's  moft  faithful  Servant*         November. 
'       R.  HAMMOND. 


to/,  Nov.  29,  1648. 
P.  S.  *  My  Lord,  this  being  written  before  my 

*  Reftraint,  {hould,    with  the  laft  Night's  Letter, 

*  have  gone  towards  you  ;    but  thofe  under  whofe 
'  Cuftody  I  now  am,  did  not,  it  feems,  think  fit  to 
'  let  it  pafs  untill  now.     I  have  given  you  an  Ac- 
'  count  of  my  Imprifonment  in  a  Letter  by  another 
'  Hand,  which  I  hope  is  before  this  Time  come 
'  unto  you.' 

The  fame  Day,  Nov.  30,  a  Letter  from  the  The  Lord  Fair- 
Lord  Fairfax,  which,  Mr.  Whitlocke  fays,  was  ^^^ 
deem'd  very  high  and  unbefeeming,  was  reported  Force*. 
to  the  Houfe  of  Commons  from  the  Committee  of 
the  Army ;  wherein  his  Lordfhip  took  Notice, 
That  they  intended  not  to  furnifli  him  with  any 
Money  for  Contingencies,  which  of  Neceffity  muft 
be  had  for  Pay  of  Meflengers,  and  other  daily  and 
incident  Charges  of  the  Army  ;  and  therefore  he 
muft  be  forced  to  take  Money  for  this  Purpofe  out 
of  the  Collectors  and  Receivers  Hands,  where  he 
could  find  it,  if  fpeedy  Courfe  were  not  taken  to 
fupply  him  :  Hereupon  it  was  ordered,  That  the 
Committee  of  the  Army  do  take  fuch  Courfe  for 
the  Pay  of  their  Arrears  as  they  (hall  think  fit,  for 
their  Satisfaction. 

Both  Houfes  of  Parliament  and  the  City  of  Lon-  The  Commons 
don  were  now  alarmed  with  the  Report  of  ano- defcr  the  tonf" 
ther  Vifit  from  the  Army  ;  notwithstanding  which  J^ 
the  Commons  were  fo  refolute  as  to  put  the  Nega-  monftrance. 
tive  upon  a  Motion  for  taking  into  Confideration 
the  late  Remonftrance  from  the  General  and  his 
Council  of  War,  by  a  Majority  of  125  Voices 
againft  58  (b). 

When 

(b)  mit'ode  and  Rufiwtrtb  fay,  That  the  Queftion  pafs'd  in  the 
Negative  by  near  90  Voices  j  but  the  Numbers  £and  as  above  in  the 
Journali. 


266  ne  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  «4  Car.  I.       When  this  laft-m£ntioned  Remonflrancewas  pre- 

t      l64-8<    /   fented  to  the  Houfe  of  Commons  on  the  2oth  of 

November.      ^ls  Month,  the  Confideration  of  it  was  appointed 

for  the  ayth,   on  which  Day  it  was  ordered  to  be 

put  off  to   the  firft  of  December.     Thefe  repeated 

Delays  gave  great  Difguft  to  the  Army,  and  occa- 

fioned  the  following  Declaration,  by  way  of  Appeal 

from  the  Houfe  of  Commons  to  the  People. 

The  DECLARATION  of  bis  Excellency  the  Lord- 
General  FAIRFAX  and  bis  General  Council  of  Of- 
ficers^ Jhetving  the  Grounds  of  tbe  /hmy's  Advance 
towards  the  City  of  London. 

Nov.  29,  1648. 

•Wfceiwpon  they  (  T>  King  full  of  fad  Apprehenfiorjs,  concerning 
J3±?3*?  '  "  t}^  Danger  and  Evil  of  the  Treaty  with  th? 
Refohition  to  '  King,  and  of  any  Accommodation  with  him,  or 
<  Reftitution  of  him  thereupon,  we  did,  by  our  late 
'  Remonftrance,  upon  the  Reafons  and  Grounds 

*  therein  exprefled,  make  our  Application  thereby 
'  unto  the  prefent  Houfe  of  Commons,   that  the 
'  dangerous  Evil  of  that  Way  might  be  avoided, 
'  and  the  Peace  of  the  Kingdom  fettled  upon  more 
'  righteous,  fafe,  and  hopeful  Grounds,  viz.  a  more 

*  equal   difpenfing  of  Juftice  and  Mercy,   in  rela- 

*  tion  to  Things  done  or  fuffered  in  the  late  Wars, 

*  and  the  eftablifhing  of  the  future  Government  of 

*  this  Kingdom  upon  a  fafe   Succeflion  and  equal 
5  Conftitution   of  Parliaments  ;    and  that   for  the 
4  ending  of  prefent,  and  avoiding  of  "future  Diffe-^ 
'  rences,  tq  be  ratified  by  an  Agreement  and  Sub- 

*  fcription  of  the  People  thereunto. 

*  This  Courfe  we  took  out  of  our  tender  Care 

*  and  earneft  Defire  that  ail  Ways  of  Extremity 

*  might  be  avoided,  and  that  thofe  Matters  of  high*- 
'  eft  Concernment  to  the  Public  Intereft  of  this  Na- 
'  tionmi2;ht  be  purfued  and  provided  for,  if  poffible, 
'  by  thofe  whofe  proper  Work  and  Truft  it  was  ; 

*  and  herein  we  are  willing  to  hope,  that  the  Per- 
*•  fons  fo  trufted,  or  the  Majority  of  them,  might 
4  poffibly  have  b«en  either  driven  into  that  deftruc-* 

*  tive  Way  by  forcrble  Impulfion?,  or  lapfed  there- 


dfENGLAND.  2.67 

*  into  through  fomc  Inconfideration,  or  Mifappre-    An.  24  Car. 

*  henfions  and  conceived   Jealoufies  ;    and   there-      ^J^*8' 

4  fore  we  did  carefully  decline    the  infilling  upon    jjovembtr. 

4  any  thing  that  might  continue  or  renew  any  for- 

4  mer  Jealoufies  or  Animofities,  and  keep  only  to 

4  fuch  Things  as  were  of  Neceffity  or  Advantage 

4  to  the  common  Caufe,  and  of  common  and  equal 

4  Concernment  to  thofe  that  have  engaged  in  it ; 

4  which  Things  we  preffed  in  the  Way  of  Reafon 

4  and   Perfuafion   only,   that  they  might   be  duly 

'  and    timely    confidered  :     But,    to    our    Grief, 

4  we  find,   inftead  of  any  Satisfaction  or  reafon- 

4  able  Anfvver  thereto,    they   are  wholly  rejected 

*  without  any    Confideration  of   them,   whatever 

*  Reafon  or  Juftice  might  be  in  the  Things  fet  forth 

*  or  propounded  therein  :   For  what  Icfs  can  be  unr 
4  derftood,    when    the    Things   propounded   were 
'  mainly  for  the  Avoidance  of  Evil  appearing  in 
4  the  Treaty  with  the  King  ?  and  yet  they  put  off 
'  the  Confideration  of  them,  till    there  fhould  be 
4  no  Place  for  any  Confideration  at  all.  Firft,  Jay-» 
'  ing  it  afide  till  Monday  laft,  by  which  Time  the 

*  Treaty,  as  then  fuppofed,  would  have  been  con- 
'  eluded  ;  but  that  failing,  and  two  Days  more  be- 
4  ing   added  to  the  Treaty,    the  Confideration  of 

*  our  Remonftrance,  on  the  Day  appointed,  was 
4  waved  and   laid  afide;   the  Treaty,  in  the  mean 
4  while,  going  on  in  the  former  Way  and  Terms, 
4  and  like  to  be  concluded  the  very  next  Day. 

4  Now,  though  we  are  f:ir  from  that  Prefump- 
?  tion,  that  the   Things   (hould  therefore  be   an- 

*  fwered  and    confidered,    becaufe   propounded   by 

*  us,  fave  for  the  Reafon,  Juftice,  or  public  Con- 
4  cernment  therein,  yet  having  no  Anfwer,  or  any 
4  Thing   fhevved  us    tQ  the  contrary,  we  cannot 

*  but,  upon  the  Grounds  remonftrated,  and  many 
4  more  which   might  be  added,  remain  confident 
4  in  our  former  Apprehenfions  concerning  them  ; 
4  and  feeing  the  prevailing  Part  of  thofe  to  whom, 
4  we  did  apply,  have,  as  it  were,  their  Eyes  wil- 
4  fully  {hut,  and  Ears  ftopt  againft  any  Thing  of 
4  Light    or  Reafon  offered    to  them,   we  find  no 

4  Place 


268  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  {  Place  left  for    our  former  charitable  or  hopeful 

^^  '  Apprehenfions    concerning   their   Error  in  fuch 

November       '  ev^  Ways  ;  but  remain  fully  aflured  of  the  Qan- 

'  ger  and  deftru&ivenefs   thereof,  as   to  all   thofe 

'  Public  Ends  for  which  they  were  entrufted,  and 

'  alfo  of  the  juft  Advantage  and  Neceflity  which 

'  lie  in  the  Things  we  have  propounded  and  in- 

*  fift  on.     We  now  fee  nothing  left  to  which  their 

*  engaging  and  perfifHng  in  fuch  Ways,  and  Re- 

*  jeftion  of  thefe  better  Things  propounded,  can 
'  rationally  be  attributed,   lefs  than   a  treacherous 

*  or  corrupt  Neglect  of,  and  Apoftacy  from,    the 

*  Public    Truft   repofed  in    them ;    although   we 

*  could  wifh  from  our  Souls  we  might  yet  find  the 
'  contrary  ;  neverthelefs  we  do  not  in  thefe  Things 
'  afTume    a  ftanding   Power   of  Judgment,    as   of 
'  Right  or  Truft,  to  conclude  others  thereby  ;   ac- 

*  knowledging  that  to  lie  moft  properly  in   thofe 
'  whom  the  People  duly  chufe  and  truft  to  judge 

*  for   them ;    but  on  the  Confideration    that  fuch 
c  Power,  where  it  is  committed,  is  but  in  Truft,  and 

*  that  neither  this  nor  any  other  People  did  ever 

*  give  up  their  natural  Capacities  of  common  Senfe, 

*  or  Reafon  as  to  the  Ends  and  Fundamentals  of 

*  that  Truft ;  and  that,   as   to  the  Breach  of  fuch 

*  Truft,  there  is  no  higher  formal  Power  of  Man  in 

*  being  to  appeal  unto  for  Judgment.    In  fuch  Cafe, 

*  as  all  others  concerned  in  fuch  Breaches  of  Truft 
'  will,    fo    we   cannot    but,    exercife    that  com- 

*  mon  Judgment  which,  in  our  natural  Capacities, 
'  is  left  to  us  :  And  though,  in  fmaller  Failures  of 
'  fuch  Truft,  which  might  be  borne  without  Ha- 
«  zard  of  Deftruftion  to    that  Intereft  and"  thofe 

*  People,  for  which    efpecially    the  Truft  is  j    or 

*  where  the  Truftees  were  of  an  indifferent  equal 

*  Conftitution  in  reference  to  the  whole;  or  where 
'  we  had  an  orderly  and  open  Way  left  for  a  juft 

*  Succeflion  of  another  formal  and  proper  Judica- 

*  ture  to  be  appealed  unto  in  due  Time,  we  fhould 
'  not  oppofe  or  hold    forth  our  private  Judgments 
«  to  the  leaft  Disturbance  of  that  orderly  and  peace  - 

*  able  Courfe  of  Judgment  fo  eftabliftied  j  yet,  in 

'  our 


of   ENGLAND.  269 

'  our  prefent  Cafe  we  are  fo  fully  convinced  of  the  An.  24  car.  I. 

*  Greatnefs  and  Deftrudlivenefs  of  thofe  Evils  we       l64*'      t 
'  have  declared  againft,    and  of  the  Neceflity  and     N«vemba-. 

*  Effentiality  of  thofe  better  Things  we  have  de- 

*  fired  and  propounded,   and  how  inconfiftent  it  is 
'  with  the  Public  Truft  and  Fundamental  Ends  of 
f  it,  ftill  to  purfue  the  one  and  reject  the  other,  as- 
4  'that  we  dare,  with  Confidence,  appeal  therein  to 
c  the  common  Judgments  of  indifferent  and  un- 

*  corrupted  Men,  and  to  the  more  righteous  Judg- 
'  ment  of  God  above  all. 

'  And  as  the  Incompetency  of  this  Parliament, 
'  in  its    prefent  Conftitution,  to  give  an  abfolute 

*  and  conclufive  Judgment  for  the  whole,  efpeci- 

*  ally  to  be  the  fole  Judges  of  their  own  Perform- 
'  ance  of  Breach  of  Truft,  doth  make  the  jufter 
e  Way  for  fuch  an  Appeal ;   fo  indeed  we  fee  no 
e  other  Way  left  for  Remedy,   in  regard  the  pre- 
'  fent  unlimited  Continuance  of  this  Parliament 
'  doth  exclude  the  orderly  Succeffion  of  any  other 
'  more  equal  formal  Judicature  of  Men,  to  which 
c  we  might  hope,  in  due  Time,  otherwife  to  ap- 

*  peal. 

'  Thus,  when   we  apprehend  ourfelves  in  the 

*  prefent  Cafe  both  neceffitated  to,  and  juftified  in, 
*an  Appeal  from  this  Parliament,  in  the  prefent 
'  Conftitution  as  it  ftands,  unto  the  extraordinary 
'  Judgment  of  God  and   good    People ;    and  yet, 

*  in   the  Profecution  of  this  Appeal,  as   we  {hall 
'  drive  it  on  but  to  the  fpeedy  obtaining  of  a  more 

*  orderly  and  equal  Judicature   of  Men  in  a  juft 

*  Rcprefentative,   according  to  our  Remonftrance; 

*  wherein  to  acquiefce  fo  in   the  prefent  procuring 

*  of  Juftice  with  the  People's  Eafe  and  Quiet,  and 

*  in  the  fettling  of  the  Kingdom  upon  a  due,  fafe, 

*  and  hopeful  Succeffion  of  Parliaments,  ic  is  our 

*  Hearts  Defire,  and  (hall  be  our  Endeavour,   that 

*  fo  much,  both  of  the  Matter  and  Form,  of  the 

*  prefent  Parliamentary   Authority  may  be  prcfcr- 

*  ved,   as   can  be  fafe,   or  will  be  ufeful  to  thofe 

*  Ends,  untill  a  juft  and  fnll  Conftitution  thereof, 

I  <  both 


'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

c  both  for  Matter  and  Form,  fuitable  to  the  Publ& 

'  Ends  it  ferves  for,  can  be  introduced. 

November.  *  And  therefore,  firjl^  it  fhculd  be  our  great  Re* 

*  joicing,   If  God  faw  it  good,  that  the  Majority 
6  of  the  prefent  Houfe  of  Commons  were  become 
c  fenfible  of  the  Evil  and  Deftructivenefs  of  their 
.'  late  Way,  and   would  refolvedly  and  vigoroufly 
1  apply    themfelves    to   the   fpeedy   Execution   of 
4  Juftice,  with  the  righting  and  eafing  of  the  op- 
c  prefs'd  People,  and  to  a  juft  and  fafe  Settlement 

*  of  the  Kingdom  upon  fuch  Foundations  as  have 
'  been  propounded  by  us  and  others  for  that  Pur- 

*  pofe  ;  and  would,  for  the  fpeedier  and  furer  Pro- 

*  fecution  of  thefe  Things,  exclude  from  Commu- 

*  nication  in  their  Councils,   all  fuch  corrupt  and 
"•  apoftatiz'd  Members  as  have  appeared  hitherto 

*  but  to  obftrucl:  and  hindei  fuch  Matter  of  Juftice, 

*  Safety,   and  Public  Intereft,  and  to  pervert  their 

*  Councils  a  contray  Way,  and  have  therein  for 
4  fhamefully  both  falilfied  and  forfeited  their  Truft, 

*  But,  however,  if  God  fliall  not  fee  it  good  to 

*  vouchfafe  that  Mercy  to  them  and  the  Kingdom, 

*  we  fhall,  fecoftdly^  defire,  That  fo  many  of  them 
'  as  God  hath  kept  upright,  and  fhall  touch  with 
'  a  juft  Senfe  of  thofe  Things,  would,  by  Protefta- 
'  tion,    acquit    themfelves    from   fuch  Breach   of 

*  Truft,  and  approve  their  Faithfulnefs,  by  with^ 
'  drawing  from  thofe  that  perfift  in  the  Guilt  there  - 
'  of;  and  would  apply  themfelves  to  fuch  a  Pofture, 
4  whereby  they  may  fpeedily  profecute  thofe  necef- 

*  fary  and  Public  Ends,  without  fuch  Interruptions, 
'  and  Depravations  of  their  Councils  from  the  reft, 

*  to  their  endlefs  Trouble,  Opprefiion,  and  Hazard 

*  of  the  Kingdom,  as  formerly  ;  and  for  fo  many 

*  of  them,  whofe  Hearts  God  fhall  flir  up  thus  to 
'  do,  we  fhall  therein,  in  this  Cafe  of  Extremity, 

*  look  upon  them  as  Perfons  having  materially  the 

*  chief  Truft  of  the  Kingdom  remaining  in  them  j 

*  and  tho'  not  a  formal  ftanding  Power  to  be  con- 

*  tinued  in  them,   or  drawn   into  ordinary  Prece- 

*  dents,  yet  the  beft  and  moft  rightful  that  can  bs 


$f   ENGLAND,  271 

*  had,  as  the  prefent  State  and  Exigence  of  Affairs  An    24  c 

*  now  ftand  ;  and  we  (hall  accordingly  own  them, 

*  adhere  to  them,  and  be  guided  by  them  in  their 

*  faithful  Profecution  of  that  Truft,  in  order  unto, 
'  and  untill  the  introducing  of,  a  more  full  and  for- 
'  mal  Power  in  a  juft  Reprefentative  to  be  fpeedily 
'  endeavouredi 

*  Now,  yet  further,  to  take  away  all  Jealoufies 
c  in  relation  to  ourfelves,  which  might  with-hold 
f>  any  honeft  Members  from  this  Courage,  as  we 
c  have  the  Witnefs  of  God  in  our  Hearts,  that,  in 

*  thefe  Proceedings,  we  do  not  feek,  but  even  re- 

*  folve  we  will  not  take,  Advantages  to  ourfelves, 

*  either  in   point  of  Profit  or  Power ;    and  that  if" 
'  God  did    open  unto  us  a  Way,  wherein,  with 

*  Honefty  and   Faithfulnefs  to  the  Public  Intereft 

*  and  good"  People  engaged  for  us,  we  might  pre- 

*  fently  be  difcharged,  fo  as  we  might  not,  in  our 

*  prefent  Employments,  look  on,  and  be  acceflary 
«  to,  yea  Supporters  of,  the  Parliament  in  the  pre- 

*  fent  corrupt,  oppreflive,  and  deftru&ive  Proceed- 
'  ings,    we  fliould,  with  Rejoicing,  and  without 
'  more  ado,  embrace  fuch  a  Difcharge,  rather  than 
4  interpofe  in  thefc  Things  to  our  own  vaft  Trouble 
'  and  Hazard  ;  fo  if  we  could  but  obtain  a  rational 

*  Affurance  for  the  effe&ual    Profecution  of  thefe 

*  Things,    we  ihall  give  you  any  proportionable 
'  Aflurance  on    our  Parts,  concerning  our  laying 

*  down  of  Arms,  when,  and  as  we  fhould  be  re- 

*  quired  :  But  for  the  prefent,  as  the  Cafe  ftands, 

*  we  apprehend  ourfelves  obliged  in  Duty  to  Qod» 

*  this  Kingdon,    and  good  Men  therein,  to  5m- 
'  prove  our  utmoft  Abilities,  in  all  honeft  Way?, 
'  for  the  avoiding  thefe  great  Evils  we  have  remon- 
'  ftrated,  and  for  Profecution  of  the  good  Things 
4  we  have  propounded ;   and  alfo  that  fuch  Perfons 
'  who  were  the  Inviteae  of  the  late  Invafion  from 

*  Scotland^  the  Inftigators  and   Encouragers  of  the 
'  latelnfurrections  within  this  Kingdom,  and,  thofer 

*  forcible  Ways  failing,  have  {till  purfued  the  fam« 

*  wicked    Defiyis,    by    treacherous    and    corrupt 

2  *  Counfel, 


272  ¥be  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.   <  Counfel,  may  be  brought  to  public  Jufticei  ao 

1648.      ^  <  cor(]jng  to  their  feveral  Demerits.     For  all  thefe 

December       *  Ends  we  are  now  drawing  up  with  the  Army  to 

<  London,  there  to  follow  Povidence  as  God   (hall 

'  clear  our  Way. 

By  the   Appointment  of  bis  Excellency  the  Lord- 
General  and  Council  of  Officers. 

].  RUSHWORTH. 

TheCommif-  December  I.  The  Commiflioners  being  now  come 
hom"  ™d™re-  back  from  thclfle  of  Wight,  this  Day  the  Earl  of 
fent  to  the  Par-  Northumberland  deliver'd  in  to  the  Houfe  of  Lord's 
liament  the  reft  (Jivers  Papers  concerning  the  Treaty. 
Jatlng  to  th™ t6'  Tne  firft  Paper  was  to  acquaint  the  Parliament 
Treaty.  that,  on  the  23d  of  November,  the  Commiflioners 

had  prefentcd  to  the  King  the  Votes  and  Refolu- 
tions  of  the  ift,  the  jth,  the  gth,  and  2ift4  in  con- 
feqiflence  of  his  Anfwer  to  the  Proportion  con- 
cerning Delinquents  ;  (which  we  have  given  under 
their  proper  Dates)  and  that  to  thefe  they  having 
ciefired  his  Majefty's  Confent,  he  gave  this  general 
Anfwer : 

.      Newport,  Nov.  24,  1648. 
CHARLES  R. 

an  dnfwer  to  you  as  to  your  Paper  of  the 
of  November,  containing  the  Votes  and 
jR.eJblutions  of  both  Hmifes  concerning  Delinquents^ 
fys  Majejiy  faith,  That  he  is  well  plcafed  to  find 
thereby  that  the  two  Houfes  have  lejfened  the  Extent 
of  their  former  Proportion  in  the  feveral  Particu- 
lars exprefs'd  in  the  f aid  Fates  ;  but  fence  his  Ma- 
jejiy and  his  two  Houfes  have  now  agreed*  that  an 
Aft  of  Oblivion  and  Indemnity  Jhall  pafs,  to  extend 
to  all  Perfons  for  all  Matters,  with  fitch  Limita- 
tions and  Provijions  as  Jhall  be  agreed  upon,  his  Ma-? 
jefly  conceives,  that  the  fubjecJ  Matter  of  thofe  Votes 
and  Refolutions  will,  upon  drawing  up  of  the  [aid 
jfcf,  mojl  properly  come  in  Debate ;  and  therefore 
deffrei  that  his  farther  Anfwer  may  be  refpited  un- 
till  that  Time. 

The 


^ENGLAND.  273 

.?&<•  COMMISIOXERS   REPLY  to    the  foregoing.      An.  »4Car.r. 

Newport,  Nov.  24,   1648.       < v ' 

*  \\1  Hereas   your   Majefty,  in  Anfwer  to  but  l  CTj 
'    VV    Paper  of  the  13d  Inftant,  containing  the 

'  Votes  and  Relblutions  of  the  Houfes   of  Parlia- 
c  meat  upon  your  Majefty's  former  Anfwer  to  their 

*  Propofition  concerning  Delinquents,  is  pleafed  to 
'  fay,  That  you  conceive   the  Jubjefl  Matter  of  thefe 
'  Votes  and  Refolutions  will  properly  come  in  Debate 

*  upon  drawing  up  the  A  ft  of  Oblivion  ;  and  there- 
'  fore  defer  e  your  farther  Anfwer  may  be  refpitcd  till 
4  that  Time  ;  we  humbly  fay,  That  this  is  no  An- 
1  fwer  to  what  is  defired,  as  Part  off  this  Treaty, 
1  but  a  putting  it  of  to  another  Time;  and,  as  we 
f  humbly  Conceive^  that  which  is  moft  proper  to 
'  be  agreed  6"n  before  the  drawing  up  of  that  Act, 

*  in  regard  the   Houfes,  in   their  Anfwer  to   your 
'  Majefty's  Propofition,  for  fuch  an  Act,   have  de- 

*  clared,  That  it  be  efpecially  provided,  that  no- 

*  thing  in  your  Majefty's   Propofitions  of  which 
'  this  Act  or  Oblivion  is  one,  (hall  any  way  weaken 

*  or  impair  any  Agreement  in  this  Treaty :  Where- 

*  fore  we  humbly   pray  your  Majefty's  Confent  to 

*  our  Paper  Yefterday  delivered,  concerning  thofe1 
k  Votes  and  Refolutions.' 

[Signed  by  the  Commijffioners.] 

His  M  A  j  E  s  T  Y'S  Final  A  N  s  \v  E  fc  concerning 
DELINQUENTS. 

Newport,  Nov.  2*,   1648. 

CHARLES  £. 

TpO  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  your  PC'.' 
•*•  of  the  lyi  of  November  Injlant^  and  the  Vcttt 
therein  mentioned  concerning  Delinquents,  his  AAV- 
jejly  faith,  That  tbcitgh  the  Matter  of  that  Pc$tr 
might  more  properly  have  came  in  Debate  npcn  drain- 
ing up  the  Aft  of  Oblivion,  and  the  Limitations  end 
Prcvifeons  therein ,  as  in  his  former  Paper  is  ex- 
prefs'd ;  yet,  to  evidence  his  Defire  cf  Corr.pliana 
ivi'h  his  two  Hoitfes,  as  well  in  Circum/lames,  a 

VOL.  XVIII.  S 


274  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  1-  in  all  other  Matters  of  this  Propofeiion,  fo  far  as 
t  I  "  with  Honour  and  Conference  he  can,  his  wlajefty 
December,  farther  faith,  T*W  he  doth  agree  that  Sir  John 
Strangways  Jhall  be  taken  out  of  the  Propofetion  con- 
cerning Delinquents :  And  that  thofe  Perfons  named 
in  the  firjl  Branch  of  the  Proportion,  which  are 
Protcjlants,  Jhall  be  admitted  to  Compojition :  And 
that  all  Papifls  and  Popijh  fcecufants,  who  haw 
been,  and  now  are  actually  in  Arms,  or  voluntarily 
ajji/iing  againjl  the  Parliament,  (except  thofe  who 
have  had  any  Hand  in  the  plotting,  defegtiing,  or  af- 
fijling  the  Rebellion  in  Ireland)  yW/  be  admitted  to 
Compojition  :  And  his  Majejly  doth  confent,  'That  the 
feveral  Perfons  comprifed  in  the  faid  Propofttion^ 
Jhall  fubmit  to  moderate  Compofetion,  according  to 
fuch  Rates  and  Proportions  as  they  and  the  two 
Houfes  Jhall  agree  upon',  the  Particulars  whereof 
his  Majejly  leaves  wholly  to  fuch  Agreement;  defiring 
only  that  the  Rates  and  Values  may  be  mitigated  and  re- 
duced to  a  more  moderate  Proportion. 

His  Majejly  will  alfo  give  ^vay  that  the  Perfons  in- 
Jifted  upsn  by  his  two  Houfes  in  the  firjl  Branch  of 
this  Proportion,  foall  be  removed  from  his  Councils^ 
and  be  retrained  from  coming  within  the  Verge  of  the 
King's,  Queen  s,  or  Prince's  Court ;  and  that  they 
may  not  hear  any  Office,  or  have  any  Employment  in  the 
State  or  Commvmvealtb,  without  Advice  and  Confent 
of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament :  But  his  Majejly  cannot 
hgree  that  thofe  who  do  the  contrary  Jhall  incur  fuch  fe- 
vere  Penalties  as  to  be  guilty  of  High  Treafon,  and  for- 
feit their  Lives  and  EJlates  without  any  Capacity  of 
Pardon,  as  in  the  faid  Propofetion  'is  contained,  there 
•being  a  Penalty  legally  implied  upon  the  Breach  oj  any 
•  Aft  of  Parliament,  which  his  Majejly  intends  not  to 
difpenfe  witbalL 

As  to  the  feven  Perfons  mentioned  in  the  faid 
Votes  to  be  excepted  from  Pardon,  his  Majejly,  for 
the  Peace  of  this  Kingdom,  will  confent  that  they  may 
a'jj'ent  themfelves  out  of  the  Kingdom  for  fuch  'Timf 
as  the  two  Houfes  Jhall  think  fit  ;  defiring  never- 
tbelejs  that  they  may  be  admitted  to  Compofetions  for 
their  EJlates ;  and  if  any  of  them  Jhall  be  proceeded 

againjl 


ef   ENGLAND. 

aga'nift  according  to  the  antient  and  ejlablijhed  Laws  of~A°-  24  Car 

this  Kingdom,  bis  Majefty  will  not  interpofe  to  hinder  v l648 

any  legal  Proceedings  thereupon  ;  but  that  his  MajeJIy 
Jhould  join  in  any  Aft  for  the  taking  away  the  Life  or 
Eftate  of  any  that  have  adhered  to  him,  or  for  the  con- 
demning any  of  his  own  Party,  bis  Majefty  cannot  in 
Jtiflice  and  Honour  agree  thereunto. 

As  to  all  other  Perfons  mentioned  in  your  Proportion, 
his  MajeJJy  will  farther  lonfent  that  theyfkall  not  fit  or 
vote  as  Members  or  AJJi/iants  in  either  Houfes  of  Par- 
Hament,  nor  continue  to  be  of  his  MajeJIy' s  Cvuncil, 
Officers  of  State,  er  Judges,  or  in  other  Office,  with- 
cut  Confent  of  both  Houfes. 

As  for  all  Clergymen,  ffgainjl  whom  fcandalous  Life 
tqn  be  prayed,  or  other  legal  Charge,  his  MajeJIy  will 
r£mit  them  to  the  Law  ;  but  for  all  others,  who  Jhall 
conform  to  what  his  MajeJJy  and  his  two  Houfes  fiall  now 
agree  upsn,  his  MajeJIy  conceives  it  fit,  where  their  Li- 
vings are  void,  they  may  be  reftoredto  them ;  and  where 
any  other  is  Incumbent  in  any  of  their  Preferments,  that 
the  Party  now  outed  of  his  Living,  may  receive  a  third 
Part  of  the  Profits  for  his  Maintenance,  untill  he  be 
ctherwife  preferred ;  that  thus  the  one  may  not  want  a 
Livelihood,  nor  the  other  be  outed  of  any  Living,  untill 
fome  fitting  Preferment  be  found  for  either. 

And  to  all  other  Particulars  his  Majejly  adheres  to  hit 
former  Anfwers  of  the  i  jth  of  O6lober, 

The  fecond  Paper,  dated  the  25th  of  November, 
imported,  that  the  Conimiffioners  having  delivered 
to  the  King  the  Vote  of  the  joth  of  that  Month, 
concerning  New  Delinquents,  his  Majefty  returned 
the  following  Anfwer  : 

Newport,  Nov.  25,   1648. 
CHARLES  £. 

J?OR  a  final  Anfwer  to  you,  as  to  ysvr  Pap.r  of 
•*•  the  2$th  of  this  Mmth,  concerning  fuch  Pct- 
fons  as  have  engaged  in  the  late  War,  face  Janu  iry 
1647,  his  Majpfty  faith,  Thai  he  will  give  way  thai 
the  Perfons  intended  in  this  Proportion  may  com- 

•S    2 


276  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  1.  pound  for  their  EJlates,  as  they   and  the  two  Houfes 
1648.       Jball  agree  ;    and  leaves    the  Rates    and  Propyrtioris 
December      for  f^e  ^°mp°fltlon  to  fuc^  Agreement,   defiring   tbay 
may  be  moderate. 

The  next  Paper  recited  the  Vote  of  the  loth  of 
November,  declaring  his  Majefty's  Anfwer  of  the 
i  ^th,  concerning  the  Marquis  of  Ormond,  unfa- 
tisfactory,  which  produced  the  two  following 
Papers : 

His  MAJESTY'S  Final  ANSWER  concerning  the 
Marquis  of  ORMOND. 

CHARLES  R.      NewPort>  Nov-  25>  'M< 

TfO  R  a  final  Anfwer  as  to  your  Paper  of  the  25/4 
•*•  Injlant,  concerning  the  Proceedings  of  the  Lord 
Ormond  in  Ireland,  his  Mnjejly  faith,  'That  he  well 
hoped  that  by  this  'Time  fuch  a  happy  Conclujion  of 
this  Treaty  would  have  been  made,  thai,  by  his  for- 
mer Anfwers,  his  two  Houfes  might  have  obtained 
•what  they  dejired  in  this  Particular  *  But  offering 
himfelf  that  his  large  ConceJJions  in  this  Treaty  will, 
ere  long,  be  the  Foundation  of  a  tleffed  Peace^  his 
Majejly,  to  manifejl  the  CleaTncfs  of  his  Intentions 
in  that  Matter,  and  to  give  his  two  ffoufes  Satif- 
faflion,  hath  written,  and  delivers  herewith  unto 
you,  his  Letter  to  the  Marquis  of  Ormond,  ac- 
quainting him  with  fuch  Informations  as  he  hath  re-* 
tei"Jed  fr'om  the  two  Houfes  concerning  his  Proceed- 
ings in  that  Kingdom,  and  requiring  him  to  defift 
from  any  farther  Profecuticn  of  the  fame  ;  and,  in 
cafe  he  Jhall  refufe,  his  Majfjly  will  then  make  fuch 
public  Declaration  aga'mjl  his  Power  and  Proceedings 
as  is  defire'd* 

His  MAJESTY'S  LETTER  to  the  Marquis  of  OR 
MOND,  requiring  him  to  defift   from  any  further 
Proceedings  in  Ireland. 
CHARLES  R. 

TTfHereas  rue  have  received  feveral  Informations 
**  fre?n  sur  two  Honfes  of  Parliament  concerning 
ycur  Proceedings  with  thz  Confederate  Roman 


^ENGLAND.         ^         277 

tholics  in  the  Kingdom  0/~  Ireland,  the  f eve ra I  Votes  and  An.  *4  car.T. 
Extracts  whereof  we  do  herewith  tranfmit  to  you  :  And  t  I468> 
forafmuch  as  we  are  now  engaged  in  a  Treaty  of  Peace 
with  our  two  Houfes,  wherein  we  have  made  fuch  large 
ConceJJions  as  we  hope  will  prove  the  Foundation  of  a 
bleffed  Peace  ;  and  having  by  one  Article^  if  the  f aid 
Treaty  take  Effett,  promifed  to  intrujl  the  Projecu- 
tion  and  Management  of  the  Irifh  War  in  Ireland  tq 
the  Guidance  and  Advice  of  our  two  Honfes,  we  have 
therefore  thought  Jit  hereby  to  require  you  to  defift  from 
any  farther  Proceedings  upon  the  Matters  contained 
in  the  faid  Papers ;  and  we  expcfl  fuch  Obedience 
unto  this  our  Command,  that  our  two  Houfes  Dejlre 
may  be  fully  fatisfied. 

Given  at  Newport  in  the  Ifle  of  JFight,  the  251!! 
of  November ,  in  the  24th  Year  of  our  Reign. 

The  fourth  Paper  informed  the  Houfe,  That  on 
the  2yth  of  November,  the  King  gave  the  following 
Anfwer  to  the  Commiffioners,  upon  their  prefenting 
to  him  the  Propofition  agreed  on  by  both^  Houfes 
on  the  22d,  concerning  Scotland ; 

Newport,  Nov.  27,  1648. 
CHARLES  R. 

R  a  final  Anfiucr  to  you  as  to  your  Paper  of 
the  zytb  of  November  Injlant,  concerning  Scot- 
land, his  MajeJIy  faith,  That  tbo'  he  finds  by  your 
CommiJJion^  and  Paper  delivered  together  with  it  at 
the  optning  of  the  Treaty^  that  you  are  confined  to 
treat  concerning  the  Kingdoms  of  England  and  Ire- 
land only  ;  fo  as  to  this  Proportion  hit  MajejJy  con- 
ceives that  ysu  have  no  Qualification  to  treat  with 
him  :  Yet  hit  AlajfJJy^  for  the  Satisfaction  of  his  two 
fJvuffSy  will  confent  to  confirm^  by  Afl  of  Parlia- 
ment',  juch  Agreement  as  Jhall  be  made  by  both  Houfes 
for  the  Security  of  all  thofe  of  the  Kingdom  of  Scot- 
land who  have  affi/fctl  or  adhered  unto  the  two  Hattfcs 
of  the  Parliament  of  England.  And  his  Alajejly 
will  be  nwjl  willing  to  join  in  any  Agreement ^  to  be 
confirmed  by  Aft  ef  Parliament,  for  the  fettling  find 
'fffferying  a  happy  and  durable  Peace  betwixt  the 
S  3  two 


278  W*  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  two    Nations,  and  for  the    mutual   Defence   each  of 
l64-S-         other  under  his   Majejiy's  Government,    as  King  of 

The  laft  Paper  contained  the  King's  Reply  to  ' 
the  Commiffioners,  when  they  laid  before  him  the 
Vote  of  the  24th  of  November,  That  his  Anfwer  of 
the  2ift,  concerning  the  Church,  was  unfatisfac- 
tory  in  all  its  Parts,  except  wherein  he  had  agreed 
with  the  Parliament  in  their  Propofition  upon  that 
Subjea. 

Newport,  Nov.  27,   1648. 

CHARLES  R. 

TfO  R  a  final  Anfwer  to  you  as  to  your  Paper  of  the 
•*•  27 th  of  November  /«/?.  concerning  the  Church, 
bis  Majejly  faith,  That  after  fuch  Condefcentions,  and 
well-weigh  d  Refolutions,  in  the  Bufmefs  of  the 
Church,  he  did  not  axpefl  to  be  farther  preffed  there- 
in :  It  is  his  "Judgment  and  Conference  that  he  can- 
not, as  he  (lands  yet  informed,  abolijh  Epifcopacy  out  of 
the  Church. 

Yet  becaufe  he  apprehends  how  fatal  new  Diflr ac- 
tions may  be  t3  this  Kingdom,  and  that  he  believes 
his  two  Houfes  will  yield  to  Truth  if  it  Jhall  be  mani- 
fefled  to  them,  as  he  hath  ajfured  them  he  will  comply 
with  them  if  convinced,  his  Majejly  doth  again  dffere 
that  there  be  a  Confultation  of  Divines  as  he  hath 
formerly  propofed :  And  his  Majejly  will  fufp end  the 
Epifcopal  Power,  as  well  in  point  of  Ordination  of 
Minijlers  as  that  of  yurifdiftion,  untill  he  and  his 
two  Houfes  agree  what  Government  Jhall  be  ejlablijhed 
in  the  future. 

As  for  the  Bijhops  Lands  ;  tho*  he  cannot  confent 
to  the  abfolute  Alienation  of  them  from  the  Church, 
yet  he  will  agree  that  the  Property  and  Inheritance  of 
them  Jhall,  by  Aft  of  Parliament,  le  fettled  in  th-e 
Crown,  to  be  declared  in  Truji  for  the  Uje  of  the 
Church  and  Churchmen,  to  be  employed  by  his  Ma- 
jefty-,  his  Heirs  and  SucceJJors,  with  the  Advice  of 
his  two  Houfes  for  jhc  Ujcs  aforefaid\  and  that 
Leafes  Jhall  be  made  for  Lives  or  Years,  not  exceed- 
ing ninety-Nine  Years,  for  tbe  Satisfaction  of  the 

Pur- 


rf    ENGLAND.  279 

Purchasers  and  Contraflors,    according  to  bis  former  An.  24  c»r.  ti 
Anfwers,   referring  the  old  Rents,  or  other  moderate 
Rents,    for  the  Maintenance   of  tkofe  to  -whom   they 
did  formerly  belong,    and  for  the  future  Benefit  of 
the  Church. 

And  in  all  Things  elfe  his  Majejly  refers  bimfelf  if 
his  former  Anfwers. 

After  reading  this  long  Report  the  Lords  ordered 
the  Thanks  of  their  Houfe  to  be  given  to  the  Gom- 
jnifiioners  for  their  great  Care  and  Pains  in  the 
Treaty  ;  that  a  Copy  be  taken  of  the  King's  Letr 
ter  to  the  Marquis  of  Ormond,  and  then  the  Origi- 
nal to  be  fent  to  the  Houfe  of  Commons. 

In  Mr.  Carte's  Hi/lory  of  the  Life  of  James 
Duke  of  Ormond,  we  find  Copies  of  the  two 
following  Letters  from  the  King  to  that  Noble- 
man (/;  : 

ORMONDE,  Newport,  O&.  10,  1648. 

T  ESTyou  might  be  mijled  by  falfe  Rumours,  /Aaz/^ 
*r*  thought  fit  by  this  to  tell  you  my  true  Condition:  /  ter?  from  the 
ant  here  in  a  Treaty,  but  fucb  a  one,  as  if  I  yield  not  <* 
all  that  is  propofed  to  me,  I  mujl  be  a  clofe  Prifoner, 
being  Jlill  under  Rejlraint :  Wherefore  I  mujl  commend 
you  two  Things -t  fir/I,  To  obey  all  my  Wifes  Commands ; 
then  not  to  obey  any  public  Command  of  mine,  until!  I 
fend  you  Word  that  J  am  free  from  Rejlraint.  La/ily, 
Be  not  jlartled  at  my  great  ConceJJions  concerning  ire- 
land,  for  that  they  will  come  to  nothing.  This  is  all  at 
this  Time  from 

Your  moft  real,  faithful,  conftantFricnd, 
CHARLES  R. 

ORMONDE,  Newport,  Oct.  28,  1648. 

I    Hope    before    this    mine    of   the    tenth    of    this 
Month  luill  have  come  to  your   Hands.     I  fent 
it  by  the  Way  of  France.      This  is  not  only  to  CON- 
S  4  firm 

(f)  Appendix  to  his  Second  Volume,  p.  17- 


2 So  ffie  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  a+Cw.l.ygrm  tjje  Contents  of  that ,  but  alfo  to  approve  of  certain 
_  t  Commands  to  you  \  likewife  to  command  you  to  profecute 

*  Decembir.  f*  'ta/»  Injlrutlions,  until!  I  Jhall^  under  my  oiun  tfand, 
glue  you  other  Commands.  And  though  you  will  hear 
that  this  Treaty  is  near,  or  at  leajl  mojl  likely^  to  be 
concluded,  yet  believe  it  not\  but  purfue  the  Way  you 
are  in  with  all  pojjible  Vigour.  Deliver  alfo  that  my 
Command  to  all  your  Friends  ;  but  not  in  a  public  Way, 
becaufe  otherwise  it  may  be  inconvenient  to  me,  and 
particularly  to  Inchequin.  Sot  being  confident  of 
your  punfiual  Obfervance  of  tbefe  my  Directions,  f 
rejl 

Your  moft  real,  faithful,  conflant  Friend, 
CHARLES  R. 

How  far  thefe  two  Letters  from  the  King  are 
reconcileable  with  his  Majefty's  Anfwer,  of  the  firft 
of  November,  to  the  CommiiTioners  Paper  of  that 
Day,  wherein  he  declared  (g),  Thatfmce  the  Votes, 
paffed  in  the  Beginning  of  Augujt,  for  opening  a 
Treaty  with  the  Parliament,  he  had  not  tranf- 

cled  any  Affairs  concerning  that  Kingdom  but 
xvith  thofe  Commiffioners ;  or  how  far  thefe  pri- 
vate Inftrudtions  are  confident  with  the  foregoing 
public  Letter  for  the  Marquis,  delivered  to  the 
Commiffioners  on  the  25th,  we  leave  to  the 
Reader's  Judgment:  And  proceed  to  obferve  that 
the  Houfe  of  Lords,  after  reading  the  laft  Report 
concerning  the  Treaty,  ordered,  That  their  Com- 
miffioners do  meet  and  perufe  all  the  Papers  rela- 
ing  thereto,  and  ftate  the  Bufmefs,  fo  as  it  may  be 
more  fit  for  the  Confederation  of  the  Houfes  ;  and 

that  the    Commons    be  defired    to    give  the  like 

Power 

fg)  In   this  Volume,  p.   126,  S  ;    alfo  p.   53,  4.    The    Reader 

•who  would  fee  this  Affair  of  the  Irijb  Treaty  thoroughly  dillufs'd, 
may  confult  a  Piece  puoliflied  in  1747,  iiritulrd,  sin  Inquiry  imo  the 
Share  which  AT/rj. Charles  I.  bad  'in  the  'Tran  faff  ions  of  the  Earl  ef 
Glamorgan,  after-wards  Maryuis  of  Woixrfier,  for  bringing  over  a 
Bod:;  oflrifh  Rebels.  ID  aflift  that  King,  in  the  Tears  1645  and  1646  ; 
in  "which  Mr.  Carte's  iwperfetl  sicccm--!  of  that  A+Jtiir,  ai,J  Us  Ufe 
of  the  MSS.  f&Ktiri  sf  tie  Pcf:';  Nu::--;s,  P.:.ii:cc.:ii,  tr:  itrt'itnij'.y 


^ENGLAND.  281 

Power  to  their  Members,  that  were  Commiifioners,  An.  24  Car.  I. 
U>  meet  with  the  Lords  for  that  Purpofe.  *642'     M 

December* 

In  Romans  Edition  of  the  King's  Works  we 
meet  with  the  following  Speech  made  by  hu  Ma- 
jefty,  at  taking  Leave  of  the  Commiilioners. 

My  Lords, 

y*O  U  are  come  to  take  your  Leave  of  me,  and  I  ^js  \jaiefly'» 
^  believe  we  Jhall  fcarce  ever  fee  each  other  drain  ;  Speech  to  the 
but  God's  Will  be  done.  1  thank  GW,  /  have  made  ^J^JJJ 
iny  Peace  with  him,  and  Jhall y  without  Fear,  under-  Leave  cf  him. 
go  what  he  Jhall  be  pleaded  to  fiffir  Men  to  do  unto 
me, 

My  Lords,  you  cannot  but  know  that,  in  my  Fall 
and  Ruin,  you  fee  your  own,  and  that  alfo  near  to 
you.  I  pray  God  fend  you  better  Friends  than  I  have 


I  am  fully  informed/  of  the  whole  Carriage  of-  tie 
Plat  agalnjl  me  and  mine  ;  and  nothing  fo  much  af- 
ftifts  me,  as  the  Scnfe  and  Feeling  I  have  of  the 
Sufferings  of  my  Subjects  and  the  'Adiferies  that 
hang  over  my  three  Kingdoms,  drawn  upon  them  by 
thofe  who,  upon  Pretences  of  Public  Goody  violently 
p'irfue  their  nvn  Intercjls  and  Ends. 

The  fame  Authority  informs  us,  That  when  the 
Army's  Remonftrance,  of  the  2oth  of  laft  Month, 
was  read  to  the  King,  his  Majeity  thereupon  put 
the  following  Queries. 

I.    TT/'Hdher  this   Remonflrance  be  agreeable  to  the  Hj,  g^a^ on 
'        former  Declarations  of  the   Army  ;    and,    //"Occafion  of  th« 
not,   whether  the  Parliament  would  make  good  their  Army's  Iar6': 
Votes,  that,  after  he  had  consented  to  ivhat  they  defereel,  Rc  ""'' 

he  Jh'juld  hi  in  a  Capacity  of  Honour,  Freedom^  and 
Safety  ? 

2.  Whether  his  Acknowledgement  of  the  Blood  that 
hath  beenfpilt  in  the  late  IVar  (nothing  being  as  yet  ab~ 
Jolutely  concluded  or  binding}  could  be  urged  fo  far  as 
to  be  made  Ufe  of  by  icay  of  Evidence  ayainji  him  or 
any  of  his  Party  % 

3.  Itltthr 


282  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.        3.  Whether  the  Arguments  that  he^  hath  ufed  in  a. 
>">4i-        free  and  per fonal  Treaty,  to  leffen  or  extenuate,    and 

*  December  ovoid  the  Exaftnefs  of  any  of  the  Conditions,  tho'  in 
Manner  and  Form  only,  might  be  charged  againji  him 
as  an  Aft  of  Qbftinacy  or  wilful  Perjiftence  in  what  if 
alledged  againji  him,  or  that  he  goes  on  in  a  dejlruflivt 
Courfe  of  Enmity  againji  the  People  and  the  Laws  of 
the  Land,  when  he  hath  declared  that  his  Confcience 
was  unfatisfied  concerning  divers  Particulars  in  the 
Proportions  ? 

4.  JVnereas,  by  the  Letter  of  the  Law,  all  Perfons 
charged  to  offend  againji  the  Law  ought  to  be  tried 
by  their  Peers  or  Equals ;  what  the  Law  is,  if  the 
Perfon  queftioued  is  without  a  Peer  ?  And  if  the 
Law  (which  of  it  f  elf  is  but  a  dead  Letter)  feems  ta 
condem  him,  by  what  Power  foall  Judgment  be 
given,  and  who  Jhall  give  it  ?  Or  from  whence  Jhall 
the  Adminijirators  of  fuch  Judgment  derive  their 
Power,  which  may,  by  the  fame  Law,  be  deeme 
the  fupreme  Power  or  Authority  of  the  M.agiftracy  in 
the  Kingdom? 

Lord  Clarendon^  after  giving  an  Abftra&  of  the 
Proceedings  upon  the  Treaty,  writes  (b),  *  That  the 
King  had  begun  a  Letter  to  the  Prince  his  Son, 
before  the  firft  forty  Days  appointed  for  that  Pur- 
pofe  were  expired  ;  and  continued  it,  as  the  Term 
thereof  was  lengthened,  even  to  the  Hour  it  was 
concluded  ;  and  that  his  Majefty  nnifhed  this  Let- 
ter the  29th  of  November,  after  the  Commiflioners 
were  departed  9  that  with  this  he  fent  a  very  exact 
Copy  of  all  the  Papers  which  had  pafled  in  the 
Treaty,  in  the  Order  in  which  they  were  pafled, 
fairly  engrofled  by  one  of  the  Clerks  who  attended; 
but  the  Letter  itfelf  was  all  in  his  own  Hand,  and 
contained  above  fix  Sheets  of  Paper  ;  in  which  he 
made  a  very  particular  Relation  of  all  the  Motives 
pnd  Reafuns  which  had  prevailed  with  him,  or  over 
him,  to  make  thofe  Conceffions  ;  out  of  which 
molt  of  hi^i  Lordfhip's  Relation  was  extracted.'  He 

<  then 

(b)  Hijlory,  Vol.  V.  p.  «8. 


of   E  N  G  L  AN  D.  283 

then  proceeds  to  inform  us,  '  That  the  major  Part  An.  24  Car.  I, 

of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament  was,  at  that  Time,     t__1.<     '_ r 

fo  far  from  defiring  the  Execution  of  all  thofe  Con-  December, 
ceffions,  that,  if  they  had  been  able  to  have  reiift- 
ed  the  wild  Fury  of  the  Army,  they  would  have, 
themfelves,  been  Suitors  to  have  declined  the  great- 
eft  Part  of  them.  But  that  which  feem'd  to  af- 
flict the  King  moft,  next  to  what  referred  to  the 
Church  and  Religion,  and  which,  he  fatd,  had  a 
large  Share  in  his  confcientious  Confiderations,  was 
the  hard  Meafure  his  Friends  were  fubjected  to; 
for  whofe  Intereft,  he  did  verily  believe,  he  fhould 
better  provide  in  the  Execution  of  the  Treaty, 
than  he  had  been  able  to  do  in  the  Preliminaries  ; 

*  For,  he  faid,  he  could  not  but  think  that  all  who 

*  were  willing  he  fhould  continue  their  King,  and 
'  to  live  under  his  Government,  would  be  far  from 
'  defiring,    in  the  Conclufion,  to  leave  fo   foul  a 

*  Brand  upon  his  Party,  of  which  they  would  all 
'  defire  to  be  accounted  for  the   Time  to  come. 
'  However,   he  hoped  that  all  his  Friends  would 

*  confidcr,  not  what  he  had  fubmitted  to,   but  how 
e  much  he  had  endeavoured  to  relieve  them  from  ;' 
and  conjured  the  Prince  his  Son,  *  that  the  lefs  he  had 
1  been  able  himfclf  to  do  for  them,  the  more,  if  God 
r  blefTcd  him,  he  fhould  acknowledge  and  fupply.' 
He  faid,  l  He  would  willingly  forget  in  how  high 
'  a  Degree  fome  Subjects  had   been  difloyal,    but 
«  never  had  Prince  a  Tcftimony  in  others  of  more 
'  Loyalty  than  he  had  had  ;  and  however  that  God, 
'  for  their  and  his  Punifhment,  had  not  blefs'd  fome 

*  of  their  Endeavours,  yet,  he  faid,  more  mifguid- 

*  ed  Perfons  were  at  laft  reduced  to  their  Loyalty, 
'  than  could  in  any  Story  be  exampled  ;  and  that, 
'  by  that,  Subjects  might  learn  how  dangerous  the 
'  Neglect  of   fea  fon  able  Duty   is  ;    and  that  Men 

*  cannot  eafily    Ex,  when  they  pleafe,  what  they 

*  have  unnecellarily  fhaken.'      His  Lordfhip  adds, 

*  That  the  Conclufion  of  this  Letter,   as  it  was 
dated  the  25th   of  November  (what  was   added  to 
it  after,  till  the  29th,  being  but  the  additional  Paf- 
foges  upon  the  Enlargement  of  Time)  dcfcrves  to 

be 


284  *fbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  3.4.  Car.  I.  be  preferv'd  in  Letters  of  Gold,  and  gives  thQ  be$ 
'648t    ,  Character  of  that  excellent  Prince  j  which  was  in. 
December,       thefc  Words  (h}. 

SON,  Newport,  Nov.  29,  1648. 

And  his  Letter  73  Y  what  hath  been  f aid,  you  may  fee  how  long  we 
to  the  Prince  of  D  }javs  laboured  in  the  Search  of  Peace :  Do  net 
Se  TiSJ! ,y°u  be  difoeartened  to  tread  In  the  fame  Steps.  Ufe  all 
worthy  Means  to  re/tore  yourfelf  to  your  Right ,  but 
prefer  the  Way  of  Peace.  Shew  the  Greatnefs  of  your 
Mind,  [if  God  blefs  you,  and  let  us  comfort  you 
with  that  which  is  our  own  Comfort,  that  tho'  Afflic- 
tion may  make  us  pafs  under  the  Cenfures  of  Men, 
yet  we  look  upon  it  fo,  as  if  it  procure  not,  by  God's 
Mercy,  to  us  a  Deliverance,  it  will  to  you  a  Blefling] 
rather  to  conquer  your  Enemies  by  pardoning,  than 
by  punifoing  them.  If  you  faw  how  unmanly  and 
unchriftian  this  implacable  Difpofition  is  in  our 
Ill-wijhers,  you  would  avoid  that  Spirit.  Cenfure 
us  not  for  having  parted  with  fo  much  of  our  own 
Right j  the  Price  was  great,  the  Commodity  was  Se- 
curity to  us,  Peace  to  our  People  ;  And  we  were  con- 
fident another  Parliament  would  remember  how  ufeful 
a  Kings  Power  is  to  a  People's  Liberty,  and  of  how 
much  thereof  we  divejled  ourfelf,  that  we  and  they 
might  meet  again  in  a  Parliamentary  way,  to  agree 
the  Bounds  of  Prince  and  People.  And  in  this  give 
Belief  to  cur  Experience,  never  to  affetl  more  Great" 
nefs  or  Prerogative  than  what  is  really  and  intrin- 
jically  for  the  Good  of  your  Subjects,  not  the  Satisfac- 
tion of  Favourites.  And  if  you  thus  ufe  it,  you  will 
never  want  Means  to  be  a  Father  to  all,  and  a  bounti" 
ful  Prince  to  any  you  would  be  extraordinarily  graci- 
ous unto.  Ton  may  perceive  all  Men  irujl  their  Trea- 
fure  where  it  returns  them  Inter  eft :  And  if  Princes, 
like  the  Sea,  receive  and  repay  all  the  frejh  Streams, 
the  Rivers  intru/l  tbem  with,  they  will  not  grudge, 

but 

(b)  The  Conclufion  of  this  Letter,  but  nothing  more,  is  printed  in 
Royftont  Edition  cf  the  Kir.g"i  Wtrh,  p.  351,  in  which  the  Paf- 
fage  in  the  Reman  Character  is  omitted  :  But.th  eript  here  five 
is  taken  from  thence,  it  not  being  in  Lord  Clarendon.  There  are  alfft 
fome  fmall  Variations,  not  worth  particularizing,  which  will  appear 
f )  the  more  critical  Reader  upon  Companion, 


of   ENGLAND.  28; 

lut  pride  themfehes,  to  make  them  up  an  Ocean.  An.  24  Car.  I- 
Thefe  Confederations  may  make  ysu  as  great  a  Prince,  t  *64  t 
as  your  Father  is  now  a  low  one  ;  and  your  State  December. 
may  be  fo  much  the  more  eftablijhed,  as  mine  hath 
teen  ftaken.  For  our  Subjects  have  learned,  we  dare 
fay,  that  Victories  over  their  Princes  are  but  Tri- 
umphs over  themselves,  and  fo  will  be  more  unwil- 
ling to  hearken  to  Changes  hereafter.  The  Englifh 
Nation  are  a  fober  People,  however  at  prefent  un-> 
der  feme  Infatuation.  We  know  not  but  this  may 
be  the  laft  Time  we  may  fpeak  to  you  or  the  World 
publickly  :  We  are  fenjlble  into  what  Hands  we  are 
fallen  ;  and  yet  we  blefs  God  we  have  thofe  inward 
Refre/hments  that  the  Malice  of  our  Enemies  cannot 
perturb.  We  have  learned  to  know  ourfclf  by  reti~ 
ring  into  ourfelf,  and  therefore  can  the  better  digejl 
what  befalls  us,  not  doubting  but  God  can  reflrain 
our  Enemies  Malice,  and  turn  their  Fiercenefs  untf 
bis  Praife.  • 

To  conclude :  If  God  give  you  Succefs,  ufe  it  humbly 
end  far  from  Revenge:  If  be  rejlore  you  to  your 
Right  upon  hard  Conditions,  whatever  you  promife, 
keep.  Thofe  Men  which  have  forced  Laws  which 
they  wer*  bound  to  preferve,  will  find  their  Triumphs 
full  of  Troubles.  Do  not  think  any  Thing  in  this 
World  worth  obtaining  by  foul  and  unjujl  Means. 
You  are  'the  Son  of  our  Love ;  and  as  we  direct  you 
to  weigh  what  we  have  recommended  to  you,  fo  we  af- 
fure  you,  we  do  not  more  affectionately  pray  for  you, 
i^to  whom  we  are  a  natural  Parent)  than  we  do  that 
the  anticnt  Glory  and  Renown  of  this  Nation  be  not 
buried  in  Irreligion  and  fanatick  Humour  ;  and  that 
all  our  Subjefts  (to  whom  we  are  a  politick  Parent) 
may  have  fuch  fober  Thoughts,  as  to  feek  their  Peace 
in  the  orthedox  Profrffton  of  the  Chrijlian  Religion, 
as  it  was  ejiablijhed  fence  the  Reformation  in  this 
Kingdom,  and  not  in  new  Revelations ;  and  that  tbf 
anticnt  Laws,  with  the  Interpretation  according  te 
ihe  known  Practice,  may  once  again  be  an  Hedge  abrut 
them,  that  you  may  in  due  Time  govern,  and  they  be 
as  in  th:  Fear  of  God*  p  n 


286  The  Parliamentary  H I  s  t  o  R  Y 

An.  24.  Car.  I.       P.  S.  "The  Commijfioners  are  gone,  the  Corn  is  notJD 

.  l6**'     t  in  the  Ground,    We  expett  the  Harwtfl  ;    if  the  Fruit 

Dminber      ^e  P£ace->  w*  b°Pe  the  God  of  Peace  will  in  Time  re  duct 

all  to  Truth  and  Order  again ,  which  that  he  may  do, 

it  the  Prayer  of  C    R 

Thus  much  by  way  of  Illuftration.— — Return 
we  now  to  fee  the  Refult  of  this  tedious  Treaty  iri 
the  Houe  of  Commons,  the  Report  of  which  was 
made  there  the  fame  Day  by  Mr.  Denzil  Holies, 
as  in  the  Houfe  of  Lords  by  the  Earl  of  Northum- 
berland. 

Debate  in  the  The  firft  Step  was,  that  the  Commons  ordered 
Houfe  of  Com.  their  Speaker  to  return  their  Thanks  to  Lord  Wen- 
mons,  ™jje^er  man,  Mr.  Holies,  Mr.  Pierepoint^  and  Mr.  Crew* 
Anfwer* were  tnen  prefent,  for  their  great,  good,  and  very  faith- 
ful  Services  to  the  Parliament  and  Kingdom  in  that 
Employment.  After  which  the  Houfe  proceeded 
to  take  into  Confideration  the  King's  Anfwers, 
which  being  exclaimed  againft  by  fome  Members 
as  unfatisfa&ory,  Mr.  Nathaniel  Fiennes  argued, 
4  That  the  King  had  done  enough  to  fecure  Reli- 
gion, Laws,  and  Liberties,  in  granting  the  Mi- 
litia, refigning  up  himfelf  and  all  Affairs  of  State! 
to  the  Diicretion  of  both  Houfes,  and  yielding  to 
abolifti  whatfoever  was  offenfive  in  the  Govern- 
ment of  the  Church  ;  and  that  thefe  Things  being 
provided  for,  which  were  the  only  Things  which 
the  Parliament  had  fo  often  declared  to  be  the 
Ground  of  their  Quarrel,  his  Majefty  muft  needs 
have  given  fufficient  Satisfaction.  As  for  Delin- 
quents, he  faid,  his  Majefty  had  offered  reafon- 
ably,  that  they  might  be  left  to  the  Law ;  and  hot 
himfelf  prefled  to  fuch  a  difhonourable  Inconve-* 
nience  as  to  condemn  them  by  his  Confent  in  an 
illegal,  extraordinary,  arbitrary  Way;  forafmuch, 
as  in  ordinary  Conftruclion,  it  muft  be  prefumed, 
that  when  the  Houfes  engaged  to  bring  Delin- 
quents to  Punifhment,  it  was  not  meant  in  an  ar- 
bitrary Way,  but  according  to  the  Laws  of  the 
Land,  againft  which  they  had  offended.  As  con- 
cerning 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  287 

cerning  the  BUhops,  hefaid,  the  King  had  granted  An.  a4.Car.  i. 

all  in  effect  that  was  defired,  and  intended  not  to 

fet  up  Biihops  again,  except  his   Hoafes,   at  the 

three  Years  End,  did  agree  to  it,  which  amounted 

to  as  much  as  putting;  them  down  for  ever }   and  to 

refufe  fo  fair   an  Offer,  were  to  betray  the  Weak- 

nefs  of  the  Prejfoyterian  Caufe,   in  the  Opinion  of 

the  World,  'as  if  it  would  not  endure  the  Teft  of  a 

Three  Years  Trial.' 

Mr.  Fiennes  being  about  to  proceed  to  other 
Particulars,  Mr.  Harvey  interrupted  him,  faying, 
*  That  the  Purchafers  and  Contractors  would  not 
be  contented  with  Leafes  for  ninety-nine  Years, 
and  therefore  the  King  had  not  given  Satisfaction 
about  Bifhops  Lands.'  To  which  another  Msm- 
ber  immediately  replied,  '  That  he  hoped  Mr. 
Harvey 's  Intereft  in  Fulbam  (d),  and  that  of  fuch 
others  as  himfelf  fhould  not  be  refpected  before  the 
Public  Peace  and  Welfare  of  the  Kingdom,  which 
could  not  be  effected  but  by  an  Accord  with  his 
Majefty.' 

After  this  it  was  refolved,  by  a  Majority  of  133  The  Confutrst- 
fcgainft    102,    upon  the  previous  Queftion,  to  ad-  tion  of  which  i* 
journ  the  Confideration,  «  How  far  the  King's  An-  a<*journ'd. 
fwers  to  the  Proportions  of  Peace  were  fatisfactory 
or  not,'  till  the  next  Morning. 

The  firft  of  this  Month  was  a  very  long  Day  in  The  Sheriffs  of 
Parliament;    for,    befides    reading  all  the  Report Lwidon  c°m?tt- 

f  i       s~\  tff  r         i      -V*  i       01        mcate  to  thei  M- 

From  tns  Lommimoners  for  the  1  reaty,  the  bhe^  ijainent. 
rifTs  of  the  City  of  London  attended  both  Houfes  to 
inform  them,  That  the  Lord  Mayor,  having  call'd 
a  Common  Council  that  Morning,  did  communi- 
cate a  Letter  to  them,  which  he  received  from  the 
Lord  -General  the  Night  before,  by  a  Trumpeter, 
as  he  was  going  about  the  City,  according  to  ufunl 
Courfe,  to  view  the  Watches,  which  they  thought 
of  fo  great  Concernment  as  to  have  both  Houfes  of 
Parliament  acquainted  therewith  j  and  to  receive 

their 

(d)  Alluding  to  Mr.  Harvey's  having  pnrchafed  the  Biffiopof  Li*~ 
Jtn'i  Palace  at  b'uli>jmt  of  wh.eh  he  %NJ:-  ihca  ia  I'oilclliju. 

4 


288  tf 'be  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

A«i.  H  Car.  I.  their   Dire&ions  touching  the   fame,    before  they 

^       gave  any  Anfwer ;    and  that  the  Common  Council 

December      ^ad  refolved  to  fit  again  at  Two  that  Afternoon,  to' 

receive  the  Refolutions  of  both  Houfes  thereupon. 

The  Letter  read  was  as  follows  : 

To  the  Right  Honourable  the  LOR  O  MAYOR, 
ALDERMEN,  and  COMMON  C  o  u  N  c  i  L  of 
the  City  of  London. 

Windfor,  N<?u.  30,  1648. 
My  Lord  and  Gentlemen? 

A  LeHer  from  *  F)EING  upon  ah  immediate  Advance  with 
Lord  Fairfax,  gi- c  |)  t^e  Army  towards  London*  we  thought  eood 

vine  Notice  of      ...  /  -  T      .          '  r        S-  i 

the  Army's  Ad-  hereby  to  give  you  Notice  thereof.  For  the 
vance  towards  c  Ground  and  Neceffity  leading  us  hereunto,  we 
thcC!t>''andde.'e  refer  you  to  our  late  Rerrionftrance,  and  to  our 

mandmg  40000!.      .  J  _^     ,  .  7f  T 

immediately.         »ater    Declaration,   concerning  the  fame.      We 

*  have  only  this  further  to  add,  that  as  we  are  far 
c  from   the  lead  Thoughts  of  Plunder,   or  other 
'  Wrong,  to  your  City,  or  any  other  Places  ad- 
'  joining,  which  we  hope  your  former  Experience  of 

*  us  will  give  you  Caufe  enough  to  credit  us  in  ;  fo$ 
'  for  the  better  Prevention  of  any  Diforder  in  the 

*  Soldiery,    or  of  any  Abufe  or  Inconvenience  to 
1  the  Inhabitants  in  quartering  of  the  Soldiery  at 
'  private  Houfes,  we  earneftly  defire  that  you  would 

*  take  a  prefent  Courfe  for  the  Supply  of  Money  to 

*  pay  thofe  Forces  while  we  (hall  be  neceffitated 
'  to  flay  there  ;   upon  which,   we   a  flu  re  you,   we 

*  fhall  fo  difpofe  of  them  into  great  and  void  Houfes 

*  about  the  City,   as   much  as  may  be  poflible,  as 

*  that  few  or  none  of  the  Inhabitants  fhall  be  trou- 

*  bled  with  quartering  of  any  Soldiers  at  all ;   and 

*  for  this  Purpofe  we  defire  that  40,0007.   may  be 

*  forthwith  provided  upon  the  Security  of  our  Ar- 
'  rears,  to  be  ready  to   be  paid  out  to  the  Forces 

*  To-morrow  Night,    if  poflible  ;    and  we  (hall  be 
'  ready  to  receive  from  you  any  Intimation  for  the 

*  further  Prevention  of  Hurt  or  Inconvenience  to 

*  the  City  in  this  Bufmefs.     I  remain 

Tmr  nwjl  offured  Friend  and  Servant, 

FAIP.FAX. 

The 


*f   ENGLAND.  2fy 

The  following  Anfwer  was  given  by  the  Lords  An.  24  Car.  i. 
to  the  Sheriffs  :  '  The  Lords  return  Thanks  to  the        l648< 
Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  Common  Council,  '  December. 
for  their  Refpedr.  (hewed  to  that  Houfe  ;  and  as  to 
the  40,000  /.  mentioned  to  be  fecured  upon  Ar-  The  Anfwer  of 
rears  to  the  Army  from  the  City,  the  Lords  leave  both  Houfcsw 
it  to  themfelves  to  do   therein  as  they  {hall  think  the  Citizeni. 
moft  fit  for  preventing  of  Inconveniences.' 

But  that  of  the  Commons  was  much  more  ex- 
plicit : 

Mr.    Sheriff^  and  the  reft  of  you  Gentlemen  of  the 

City, 

«  The  Houfe  has  taken  your  Bufinefs  into  feri- 
ous  Confideration,  and  'have  had  long  Debate 
thereupon  ;  and  have  refolved  to  fend  a  Letter 
to  the  General  from  this  Houfe  :  And  that  you 
forthwith  provide  40,000  /.  of  the  Arrears,  dire 
by  the  City  to  the  Army,  upon  Security  of  the 
faid  Arrears,  and  the  Refulue  with  all  the  Speed 
you  can  :  And  the  Houfe  doth  give  you  Leave  to 
addrefs  yourfelves  to  the  General,  by  Committee, 
Letter,  or  otherwife,  as  you  (hall  think  fit.' 

In  confequence  of  thefe  Anfwers  from  the  Parlia- 
ment, the  City  ordered  a  Committee  from  the  Com- 
jjion  Council  to  wait  upon  the  Lord-General  with  a 
Letter,  pomifmg  Payment  of  the  Sum  demanded^ 
or  the  moft  Part  of  it,  the  next  Day  ;  and  defiring 
that,  in  the  mean  Time,  no  Violence  or  Injury 
might  be  done  to  the  Citizens. 

The  Houfe  of  Commons  alfo  or  lered  a  Letter  to  T{ie  common, 
be  written  to  the  General  on  this  Occafion,  which  Wrhe  to  the  Ge- 
ls not  entered  in  the  Journals  ;  yet,  by  the  Coritem-  neral  to  ftop  his 
porary  Writers,  it  appears   that  the  Purport  of  il 
was   to  forbid  his  Lordfhip's  nearer  Approach  to- 
wards   London:    But  while    the    Committee   were 
preparing  this  Letter,  the  Houfe  was  informed  that 
the  Army  were  advanced  (ac:ording  totheThrc 
of  their    lad  Remonftrance,  Numbers,  of   printed 
Copies  whereof  they  difperfcd  upon  their  Mjrch) 
within  a  Mile  of    IVeftminfte r ;    that     they     had 

VOL.  XVIII.  T  planted 


296  'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  a4  Car.  I.  planted  Guards  at  Hide-Park  Corner,  cut  down 
v I  jfl__/  Trees,  levelled  the  Inclofure,  and  laid  it  in  corn- 
December  rnon.  Hereupon  a  Motion  was  made  for  adding 
a  Claufe  to  the  Letter,  That  the  Army's  Approach 
was  derogatory  to  the  Freedom  of  Parliament ; 
but  it  paffed  in  the  Negative  by  44  againft  33. 
This  very  extraordinary  Refolution  is  imputed  to 
the  Cowardice  of  fome  Members,  and  the  felf- 
Jnterefted  Views  of  others,  who  fided  with  the 
Army  in  hopes  of  fecuring  themfelves  from  giving 
an  Account  of  the  Public  Money,  which  had 
pafTed  through  their  Hands. 

Dec.  2.  The  Commons  refolved  that  the  Horfe- 
Gunrds  attending  both  Houfes,  do  remove  their 
Quarters :  But  at  the  fame  Time  voted  them 
Thanks  for  their  faithful  Services,  and  ordered  the 
Payment  of  their  Arrears. 
Tfie  Commons  Then,  according  to  the  Order  of  the  Day  be- 

?derTd«ofS*  iorCy  the  Houfe  refumed  the  Confutation  of  the 
King's  Anfwers.  Queftian,  How  far  the  King's  Anfwers  to  the  Pro- 
pohtions  were  or  were  not,  fatisfactory.  The 
Debate  hereon  was  opened  by  Sir  Henry  Vane^  jun. 
who  faid,  6  Mr.  Speaker,  We  may  do  well  now  to 
confuler  the  King's  laft  Anfwer  upon  the  Treaty  j 
for,  by  the  Debate,  we  (hall  foon  guefs  who  are 
our  Friends,  and  who  our  Enemies  ;  or,  to 
(peak  more  plainly,  we  {hall  underftand  by  the 
Carnage  of  this  Bufmefs,  who  are  the  King's  Party 
in  the  Houfe,  and  who  for  the  People.'  He  then 
pioceeded  to  put  them  In  Mind,  4  That  they  had 
been  diverted  from  their  old  fettled  Refolution  and 
Declaration,  of  making  no  more  Addrefles  to  the 
King,  fmce  which  the  Kingdom  had  been  go- 
ven/d  in  great  Peace,  and  begun  to  tafte  the  Sweets 
ot  that  Republican  Government  which  they  in- 
tended and  begun  to  eftablifh  ;  when,  by  a  Combi- 
nation between  the  City  of  London  and  an  ill- 
affected  Party  in  Scotland,  with  fome  fmall  con- 
temptible Infurreclions  in  England,  all  which  were 
fomented  by  the  City,  the  Houfes  had,  by  Cla- 
mour and  Noife,  been  compelled  to  reverfe  their 

former 


of   E  N  G  L  A  0.  291 

former  Votes  and  Refolutions,  and  enter  into  a  An-  24  ran  ! 
Perfonal  Treaty  with  the  King;,  with  whom  they  .^ 
had  not  been  able  to  prevail,  notwithftandirtg  the  '  December* 
low  Condition  he  was  in,  to  give  them  any  Secu- 
rity ;  but  he  had  ftill  referved  a  Power  in  himfelf, 
or  at  leaft  to  his  Poftcrity,  to  exercife  as  tyrannical  a. 
Government  as  he  had  formerly  done  :  That  all  the 
Infurre&iQn^  which  had  fo  terrified  them  were  now 
totally  fubdued,  and  the  principal  Authors  and  A- 
bettors  of  them  in  their  Cuftody,  and  ready  to  bs 
brought  to  Juftice,  if  they  pleafed  to  direct  and  ap- 
point it :  That  their  Enemies  in  Scitland  were  re- 
duced, and  that  Kingdom  entirely  devoted  to  a  firrh 
and  good  Correspondence  with  their  Brethren,  the 
Parliament  of  England;  fo  that  there  was  nothing 
wanting  but  their  own  Confsnt  an J  Refolution,  to 
make  themfelves  the  happieft  Nation  and  People 
it>the  World;  and  to  that  Purpofe  he  defired 
they  might,  without  any  more  Lofs  of  Time,  re- 
turn to  their  former  Refolution  of  making  no  more 
Addrefles  to  the  King  j  but  proceed  to  the  fettling 
the  Government  without  him,  and  to  the  fevere 
Punimmem  of  thofe  who  had  difturbed  their  Peace 
and  Quiet,  in  fuch  an  exemplary  Manner  as  might 
terrify  all  other  Men  for  the  future  from  making 
the  like  bold  Attempts ;  which,  he  told  them,  they 
mieht  fee  would  be  moft  grateful  to  their  Army, 
which  had  merited  fo  much  from  them  by  the  Re- 
monftrance  they  had  fo  lately  publifhed.' 

To  this  it  was  replied  by  another  Gentleman, 
*  Mr.  Speaker,  Since  this  Gentleman  hath  had  the 
Prefurnpiion  to  deal  thus  by  way  of  Prevention  in  a 
threatening  Manner,  and  forejudged  and  divided  the 
Houfe  into  two  Parts$  I  hope  it  is  as  lawful  for  me 
r<>  t;ike  the  fame  Liberty  in  dividing  the  Houfo 
like  wife  into  two  Parts  upon  this  Debate.  Mr. 
Speaker,  you  will  find  fomc  that  are  dcfirous  of  a 
Peace  and  Settlement^  and  thofe  are  fuch  as  have 
!oft  by  the  War  ;  others  you  will  find  that  are  a- 
gainfr.  Peace,  and  thofe  are  fuch  as  have  gained  by 
the  War:  Mv  humble  Motion  therefore  is,  That 
the  Gainer?  may  contribute  to  the  Lo'l-r^  tluxt  we 
T  2  may 


292  Tfo  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  *4  Car.  I.  may  all  be  brought  to  an   equal  Degree  j   for,  till 
l648-          then,  the  Balance  of  the  Commonwealth  will  never 
December        ftand  right  toward  a  Settlement  (a).' 

The  Debate  continuing  till  Four  in  the  After- 
noon, it  was  prefled  very  earneftly  by  Mr.  Pri- 
deaux,  Sir  Thomas  Wroth ,  Sir  Peter  Wentivortb^ 
2nd  others  of  the  Independent  Party,  that  the  Houfe 
Would  come  to  fome  fpeedy  Refolution  upon  the 
King's  laft  Anfwers  :  But  Mr.  Prynne  infifted  '  That 
the  Confideration  thereof  ought  to  be  laid  afide  till 
they  were  a  free  Parliament ;  for  that  their  Debates 
could  not  be  with  due  Liberty,  now  that  they  were 
environ'd  by  the  Army.'  To  which  Mr.  Richard 
Norton  anfwcrcd,  *  Take  Heed  what  you  fay 
againft  the  Army,  for  they  are  refolved  to  have  a 
free  Parliament  to  debate  the  King's  Anfwer,  if  we 
refufe  ;  and  therefore  my  Motion  -is,  Mr.  Speaker, 
that  Candles  may  be  lighted,  and  that  we  proceed 
to  debate  it.'  Upon  which  another  Member  faid, 
*  Mr.  Speaker,  I  perceive  very  well  that  the  Drift 
of  fome  Gentlemen  is  to  take  Advantage  not  only 
of  the  Terror  now  brought  on  us  by  the  prefent 
Approach  of  the  Army,  but  alfo  to  fpin  out  the 
Debate  of  this  Buhnefs  to  an  unfeafcnable  Time 
of  Night,  by  which  Means  the  more  antient  Mem- 
Whichisafe^  ^ers  Qf  tne  f|oufe  (whom  they  look  upon  as  moft 
journed  without  inclined  to  Peace)  will  be  tired  out,  and  forced  to 
coming  to  any  depart,  before  we  can  come  to  a  Refolution  ;  and 
Refolution,  therefore  I  hope  the  Houfe  will  not  agr«e  to  this 
laft  Propofal.'  Then  the  Queftion  being  put  upon 
the  Motion  for  Candles,  it  was  carried  in  the  Ne- 
gative 

(a}  The  Authors  of  The  Hi/lory  of  Indcpennency  and  of  Mercitrius 
Pragmatictir  obferve    that  this  Reflection   fiienced   Sir  Henry  Vanc^ 
which  they  account  for   thus:    '  True  Jefts  bite  fore:    The  Two 
;^j»«  oppofed  Peace,  left,  the  King's  Revenue  being  reftored,  they 
ihould   lofe  a  good   Trade  there;    the. Father  being  Chairman  of 
that  Committe,    the  Son  Treafurer ;    they  pet    conftantly    above 
6000  /.  per  Annum  between  them,  betides  private  Cheats,  by  pay- 
ing half  Debts  and  taking  Acquittances  for  the  whole,  and  thtn 
difcounting  for    the  whole ;     buying  in    old    fleeping  Penfions  for 
Trifles,  that  have  not  been  paid  in  many  Years,  and  paying  them- 
felves  all  Arrears.*— —Lord  Clarendons  Account   of  the.  Debates 
n  Parliament,  about  this  Time,  feem  to  have  been  taken  from  one 
or  both    f  thefe  Authors ;  and  are,  in  fevetal  Inftances,  the  fame  in 
Terminis* 


^ENGLAND.  293 

gative,  by  132  againft   io2j    and  the  Houfe  aJ-  An.  24  Car.  !• 
journed  till   Mcnaay  without  coming  to  any  Refo-     t    l648'    > 
lution  upon  the  Treaty.  iSr^rT 

This  Day,  alfo,  Dec.  2,  the  Lord-General  Fair-  j^rf  Fairfax  and 
fax  took  up  his  Lodgings  at  Whitehall)  attended  by  his  Army  march 
fix  Regiments  of   Horfe  and  four  of  Foot,  which  ^°  Weftro*- 
were  quartered  at  St.  James's,  the  Mews,    York- 
Houfe,  and  other  great  vacant  Houfes  in  the  Skirts 
of  the  City,  and  in  the  adjacent  Villages. 

Dec.  4.  The  Commons  being  aflembled  accord- 
ing to  Adjournment,  they  received  News  of"  the 
King's  being  removed  from  Newport  to  Hurfl- 
Caflle  (b],  the  Particulars  of  which  appeared  in  the 
following  Letter  to  the  Speaker  of  the  Houfe  of 
Commons,  from  Major  Rolp,  Capt.  Bovtjerman, 
and  Capt.  Howes,  whom  Col.  Hammond  had  de- 
puted to  take  the  Charge  of  the  King's  Perfon  in 
the  Ifle  of  Wiglyt,  whilft  he  was  gone  to  wait  upon 
the  Lord  Fairfax  at  Windfor. 

Carijbrooke  Co/lie,  Dec.   i,   1648. 
Right  Honourable, 

YEfterday  there   came  into  the  Ifle  fome  Of-  The  King  remo. 
ficers  of   the  Army,   viz.  Lieutenant- Colo- vcdto  Hurft- 
nel  Cebbett  and  Capt.   Merrpnan,  with   Inftruc-  ^^J^ 
tions  from  the  General  and  Council  of  War,  di-  COU 
rec~ted  to  themfelves  and  the  Comm  mder  in  Chief 
here,  forthwith  to  fecure  the  Perfon  of  the  King  in 
CariJbrooke-Caftle,  as  before  the  Treaty,  'till  they 
fhould  receive  fbme  Refolution  from   the  Houfe 
upon  their  late  Remonftrance  :  And  they  under- 
ftanding  the   Management  of  the  Affairs  of  this 
Ifland  was  committed  by  Col.  Hammond  to  our- 
felves,  or  any  two  of  us,  they  acquainted  us  with 
their  Inftruftions,  defiring  our  Concurrence  with 
T  3  «  them, 

(b)  A  Block -houfe  oftt  of  the  Ifle  of  Wight,  ftsnding  about  a. 
Mile  and  a  Half  in  the  Sea,  upon  a  Beach  full  of  Mud  and  link- 
ing Oaze  upon  low  Tides ;  having  no  ficfii  Water  within  two  or 
three  Miles  of  it,  hitter  cold,  and  of  a 'foggy  and  pefli'ent  Air,  Jo 
noyfome  that  the  Guards  thereof  were  not  .»ble  to  endure  it  lo'ig 
without  Shifting  their  Quarters. 

lli/l»y  of  lnJ<ftndcrc\t   Part   II.  p.   *; 


294  tfbe  Parliamentary.  HISTORY 

r..z4  Car.  I.  :  them,. that   fo  the  prcfent  Work,    intended  by 

1648.         c  them>  iru»ht  with  leG  Difficulty  be  accompliftied, 

D "cember  *  While  we  were  in    Debate  of  thefe  Things, 

6  there  came  in  a  Mcflenger  from  the  General,  with 

4  an  Order  under  his  Hand  and   Seal,    directed  to 

*  the  Gentlemen,   commanding   them  immediately 

*  to  take  the  Perfon  of  the  King  into  their  Charge, 

*  and  to  remove  him   forthwith  into  Hurfl-Cajlie  ^ 
'  requiring    us  by  Name,  with  all  other  Officers 
'  and  Soldiers  in  the  Ifle,  to  be  aiding  and  affifting 

*  to  them  therein  ;  two  of  us,  viz.  Major  Ralph, 

*  and  Captain  Howes,   upon  Sight  of  that  Qrder, 

*  declared  curfelves  obliged  not  to  difobey  the  Ge- 
'  neral's  Commands,  but  conceived  ourfelves  bound 

*  to  yield  Obedience   thereunto  by  our  Commif- 

*  fions  ;  the  other  of  us,  viz.  Captain  Bo-Merman, 
'  declared  his  Judgment,  That  his  Duty  lay  imme- 

*  diately    to   the  Governor  himfelf  who  had   er- 

*  trufted  him;  and  that  contrary  to  thofe  Inftruc- 

*  tions  he  could  not  acl ;    neither  was  he  of  him- 

*  felf  in  a  Capacity  to  oppofe  them  in  that  Service. 

*  Captain  Howes  being  diflatisfied  in  the   Action, 

*  manifefted  his  Unwillingnefs  to  join  in  it,  and  his 
e  Refolution  neither  cTirc&ly   nor  indirectly  to  op- 
'  pofe  it ;   but  the  Gentlemen,  with  the  Concur- 

*  rence  of  the  Army  Forces  here,  and  the  Afilftance 
e  of  a   frefh  Troop  of'  Horfe  and  one  Company  of 
'  Foot,  which  landed  in  the  Night,  in  Purfuance 
'  of  their  Commands,  very  civilly  made  their  Ad- 

*  dreiies  to  the  King,   according  to  another  Order 

*  from  the  Lord-General,  for  his   Ufage  with  all 
f  Civility  and  due  Refpcft  to  his  Perfon. 

*  Between  five  and   fix  o'Clock  this  Morning, 
'         *  fome  of  the  Gentlemen,  who  by  the  Parliament 

*  were  appointed  to  attend  on  the  King,  acquainted 
«  his  Majefty    with   the   Oilers   and"  Inftru&ions 

*  they  had  in  Charge  from  his  Excellency  the  Lord  - 
4  General    concerning    him;    who    prefently-  and 
'  quietly   confented  thereunto,  and  let  forward  in 

*  his  Coach  from  Newport,  at  eight  of  the  Clock 
'  this   Morning,    towards  Hiirjl-Cajile,  with    Mr'. 

*  Harrii:gt'jn,    Col.   Herbert,  and    Captain     MiUl- 


of    ENGLAND.  205 

'  may,  and  others  of  his   Servants  to  attend    him.    An.  14.  Car. 
'  And  we  do  affure  you  that,   in  the  whole  Tranf- 
'  action  of  this  great  Affair,  there  neither  was  nor 

*  is  the  leaft  Difturbance  in  this  Ifle. 

*  Thus  we  have,  with  all  Clearnefs  an4  Faithful - 
'  nefs,  given  you  a  full  and  impartial  Account  of 
c  thefe  late  Proceedings  here;  and  having  fo  done, 
(  we  fubfcribe  ourfelves. 

Tour  mojl  humble  Servants^ 

EDMUND  ROLPH. 
THO.  BOWERMAN. 
FRANCIS  HOWES. 

P.  S.  *  Since  the  writing  hereof,  we  have  Intel- 

*  ligence  that  his  Majefty  is  fafely  arrived  at  Hurjl- 
<  Co/He. 

This  Letter  being  read,    many   Members  fpake  which  t 

againft  the  Infolency  of  this  Fact,   as  being  com-  ™>ns vot,e  to be 

•        i  •    n      i      T  •/•       /•    i        TJ--  »    i      TT       ponewithout 

mitted   agamlt  the  Life  of  the  King,  and  the  Ho-  their  Knowledge 

nour  and  public  Faith  of  the  Parliament,  who  had  prCpnfent. 
voted,  He  ffyould  treat  in  Honour,  Freedom,  and 
Safety,  in  Newport  jn  the  Ifle  of  IVight  \  and  had 
accepted  his  Word  not  to  withdraw  out  of  the  Ifland 
during  the  Treaty,  nor  in  twenty  Days  after, 
which  were  not  yet  expired  ;  and  that  now  to  have 
the  Houfes  Debates  foreftall'd,  and  the  Treaty 
fruftrated  by  fuch  an  A£t  of  Violence  and  Pre- 
vention committed  upon  the  Perfon  of  the  King, 
was  a  prefumptuous  and  rebellious  A&.  It  was 
therefore  propofed  to  refolve,  That  the  Removal 
of  the  King  out  of  the  Ifle  of  Wight  was  without 
the  Knowledge  of  the  Houfc  ;  and  a  Motion  being 
made  to  add,  or  Confent^  after  the  Word  Know- 
ledge^ it  paflcd  in  the  Affirmative,  by  136  againft 
102. 

It  appears  upon  the  Authority  of  Col.  Cooh, 
(thro*  whom  Col.  Hammind)  Governor  of  the  Ifle 
of  #%/;/,  had  upon  all  Occafions  addrefs'd  him-  toefrapr,  t 

felf  to  the  Kin*  while  under  his  Charge  ;   and  who  a.ppriz!d  "' 

i  •  c          1-1          &       i       r  ;r  •       Army*iDe 

r,-as  continued  in  the  fume  Employmc|it  by  Major  to  ,vi',e  y 

T  4  -'  -. 


296  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

»•$£*'*' Roiph  during  Col>  fjammonffi  Abfence)  that  his 
.»  Majsfty  was  inform 'd  the  Night  before  the  Army 

December,  feiz'd  upon  him  and  remov'd  him  to  Hurjl-Cajlle^ 
of  their  Intention  to  do  fo;  and  that  he  then  had 
it  in  his  Power  to  have  made  his  Efcape,  but  ab- 
folutely  refufed  to  embrace  the  Opportunity,  on 
account  of  his  Parole  of  Honour  to  the  Parliament 
pot  to  leave  the  Ifland  till  twenty  Days  after  the 
Treaty  ended.  All  the  Circumftances  of  this  Affair 
Col.  Cooke  drew  up  by  way  of  Narrative,  by  Com- 
mand of  the  King,  with  the  Affiftance  of  the  Duke 
of  Richmond  and  the  Earl  of  Lindfey.  This  Piece 
was  firft  publifhed  in  1690,  and  is  reprinted  in  Mr. 
Rujhworth's  Collections,  for  which  Reafon  we  for- 
3ear  giving  the  whole  at  large  ;  but  the  felecr.ing 
fome  few  of  the  moft  remarkable  Paflages  will 
not,  we  prcfume,  be  foreign  to  the  Defign  of  this 
Work,  or  deem'd  an  unfuitable  Digreffion  (c). 

*  The  King  having  fent  for  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond, the  Earl  of  Lindfey,  and  Col.  Cooke  to  attend 
.  him,  acquainted  them  that  one  of  his  Servants  had 
been  fent  for  by  a  Perfon  in  a  Kind  of  Difguife, 
who  having  inform'd  him  that  the  Army  would 
that  Night  fi-i^e  upon  his  Majefty's  Perfon,  ab- 
ruptly left  him.  Hereupon  the  Lords  advifed  the 
King  to  attempt  an  immediate  Efcape;  for  he 
would  better  bring  about  a  Perfonal  Treaty  with 
the  Parliament,  which  he  fo  much  coveted,  when 
out  of  the  Pvcach  of  the  Army,  than  when  within 
their  Power  ;  and  this  would  certainly  fecure  the 
Safety  of  his  Perfon,  which  elfe  might  very  proba- 
bly be  much  in  Danger. 

{  But  before  they  could  proceed  to  debate  the 
Manner  of  this  Efcape,  the  King  prevented  it, 
thus  arguing  againft  the  Efcape  itfelf ;  firft^  The 

Dif- 

(c)  Printed  for  R.  Ckifatll,  at  the  Reft  and  Crown  in  St.  Paufs 
Church-yard,  with  a  Preface,  letting  forth  the  Reaibns  of  its  Pub- 
lication. 

In  Sir  Philip  Jfrt:rzvick''s  Mfrroirt,  who  was  one  of  the  King's 
Attendants  during  the  Treaty  in  the  Ifle  of  Wigbt,  there  are  a!fo 
tnany  remarkable  and  intercfting  Particulars ;  which,  tho'  rathe 
k?iftorical  tkan  Parliamentary,  dtl;r/'a  Reference,  p.  321  to  334. 


^/ENGLAND.  297 

Difficulties,  if  not  Impoflibiliry,  of  accomplifhing  An.  24  cnr. 
it ;  next)  The  Confequences,  that  in  cafe  he  fhould  l6<J-8> 
mifcarry  in  the  Attempt,  it  would  exafperate  the 
Army,  and  difliearten  his  Friends ;  and,  Ififtly, 
That  if  the  Army  fliould  feize  him,  they  muft  pre- 
ferve  him  for  their  own  Sakes  ;  for  that  no  Party 
.could  fecure  their  own  Interefts  without  joining  his 
with  it,  his  Son  being  now  out  of  their  Reach. 
That  the  Earl  of  Lindfey  replied,  Take  heed,  Sir, 
left  you  fall  'into  fuch  Hands  as  will  ntt  Jleer  by  fuck 
Rules  of  Policy  :  Remember  Hampton-Court,  where 
your  Efcape  was  your  left  Security.  The  Duke  of 
Richmond  adding,  That  he  yet  thought  it  feafible 
enough  j  and  afk'd  Col.  Cooks  if  he  could  pafs  him 
thro'  the  Guards ;  who  anfwered,  He  had  the  Word^ 
and  made  no  jjhteftion  but  he  could.  At  which  the 
Duke  took  a  leaguer  Cloak,  without  a  Star,  and 
made  the  Colonel  go  along  with  him  through  the 
Guards  ;  and  fo  returning  again  to  the  King,  ac- 
quainted him  with  what  he  had  done,  and  with 
what  Eafe  ;  and  thence  took  the  Advantage  again 
to  perfuade  the  King  to  attempt  an  Efcape. 

The  King  preffing  Col.  Cooke  to  give  him  his 
own  Advice,  he  put  this  Queftion  to  his  Majefty, 
Suppofe  I  fhould  not  only  tell  your  Majefly  that  the 
Army  will  very  fuddenly  feize  upon  you,  but,  by 
concurring  Circumjlances,  fully  convince  your  Maje- 
Jly  it  will  be  fo  ;  a/Jo  that  I  have  the  Word,  Horfes 
ready  at  Pland,  a  Veffel  attending  at  my  Call,  and 
hourly  expecting  me  i  that  I  am  ready,  and  defer  ous, 
to  attend  you,  and  this  dark  Night  fuited  as  it  were 
to  the  Purpofe ;  fo  that  I  can  forefee  no  vijible  Dif- 
ficulty in  the  Thing,  which  I  fuppofe  to  be  in  all 
Particulars  the  true  State  of  the  prcfent  Cdfe  ;  the 
only  Quejlicn  noiv  is,  What  will  ysur  Majcfty  re- 
folve  to  do?  The  King,  after  a'fmall  Paufe,  pro- 
nounced this  pofitive  Anfwer,  They  have  prornifed 
me,  and  I  have  promifcd  them,  I  will  not  break  jirjl. 
To  this  Col.  Cooke  anfwered,  1  prcfume,  Sir,  your 
Majfjly  Intends  by  thefe  Words^  they  and  them,  the 
Parliament  ;  if  fe,  the  Scent  is  now  quite  altered, 
ywr  prefer. f  dkprtbwfuns  arifmg  from  ihe  Arm^, 

whs 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

l'Vjho  have  fo  far  already  violated  the  Votes  of  the  Par- 
liament, as  to  invade  your  Majeflys.  Freedom  and 
Safety,  by  changing  the  Jingle  Sentinel  of  State  at  the 
outward  Door  intojlrong  Guards  on  your  very  Bed- 
Chamber  ;  which  is  in  itfelf  no  better  than  Confine- 
ment, and  the  probable  Fore-runner  offomething  more, 
a  fpcedy  abfolute  Jmprifonment.  The  King  replied, 
Ne'er  let  that  trouble  you,  ivere  it  greater,  I  would 
rot  break  my  Word  to  prevent  it* 
Thus  far  Col.  Cooke.  — 

On  the  King's  being  carried  away  from  New- 
port, he  delivered  to  one  of  his  Servants  the  fol- 
lowing Declaration  concerning  the  Treaty,  and 
his  Diflike  of  the  Army's  Proceedings,  which  he 
commanded  to  be  published  for  the  Satisfaction  of 
his  Subjects.  It  was  accordingly  printed,  and  we 
give  it  from  the  Original  Edition  (h}. 


large  Pretences  prove  but  the  Shadow 
of  ™*k  Performances,  then  the  greatejl  La- 
way  from  New-  hours  produce  the  fmallejl  Effects  ;  and  -when  a  Pe- 
&**•  r'tod  is  put  to  a  Work  of  great  Concernment,  all 

Men's  Ears  do,  as  it  were,  hunger  till  they  are  fa- 
tisfied  in  their  Expectations.  Hath  not  this  dijlra£led 
Nation  groaned  a  long  Time  tinder  the  Burden  of 
Tyranny  and  OppreJJion  ?  And  hath  not  all  the  Blood 
that  hath  been  fpilt  ihcfe  feven  Years  been  caft  upon 
my  Head,  who  am  tht  greatejl  Sufferer,  though  the 
lea/I  guilty  ?  And  was  it  not  requijite  to  endeavour 
the  flopping  of  thai  Flux,  which,  if  not  Jlopt,  will 
bring  an  abfolute  Dejlrufiion  on  this  Nation  ?  And 
•what  more  fpeedy  Way  was  there  to  compofe  thofe 
DiftraElions  than  by  a  Perfonal  Treaty,  being  agreed 
upon  by  my  two  Houfis  of  Parliament,  .^nd  conde- 
(cended  to  by  me  ?  And  I  might  declare,  that  I  con- 
ceive it  had  been  the  bejl  Phyfick,  had  not  the  Opera- 
tion been  hindered  by  the  Interpofition  of  this  impe- 
rious Army,  who  were  fo  audacious  as  to  Jlyle  me, 


(b)  The  PuWi/her's  Name  is  not  in  the  Tit'e  Page ;  but  from 
many  Circumfianrep  it  appears  to  have  been  printed  by  Royjfcn,  in 
r.i.c'.e  Edirjcfi  of  the  King't  l'/irk.i  it  is  alfo  infertei. 


ef   ENGLAND.  299 

in  their  unparalleFd  Remonftrance,  their  Capital  Ene-     An- 54  Car. 

my.     But  let  the  World  judge  whether  mine  Endea-      v *  '  _, 

vours  have  not  been  attended  with  Reality  in  this  late     December. 
Treaty  ;  qnd  whether  I  was  not  as  ready  to  grant  as 
bey  were  to  ajk  :  And  yet  all  this  is  not  Satis faclion  to 
them  that  pursue  their  own  ambitious  Ends  more  than 
the  Welfare  of  a  miferable  Land. 

Were   not  thf    dying   Hearts  of  my  poor  dijlrejjed 
People  much  revived  with  the  Hopes  of  a  Happinefs 
from  this  Treaty  ?  And  how  fuddenly  are  they  fruf- 
trated  in  their  Expectations !  Have  not  I  formerly 
been  condemned  for  yielding  too  little  to  my  two  Houfes 
of  Parliament ;    and  Jhall  I  now  be   condemned  for 
yielding  too  much  ?    Have   I  not  formerly  been  im- 
prifoned  for  making  War  ;  and  Jhall  I  now  be  con- 
demned for  making  Peace  ?  Have  I  not  for?nerly  ruled 
like  a  King  ?  and  Jhall  I  now  be  ruled  like  a  Slave  ? 
Have  I  not  formerly  enjoyed  the  Society  of  my  dear 
Wife  and  Children  in  Peace  and  ghiietnefs  ;  and  Jhall 
I  now  neither  enjoy  them  nor  Peace  ?  Have  not  my 
Subjects  formely  obeyed  me  ;  and  Jhall  I  now  be  obe- 
dient to  my  Subjects  ?  Have  I  not  been  condemned  for 
evil  Counfellors  ;  and  Jhall  I  now  be  condemned  for 
having  no  Counfd  but   God?  Tbefe  are  unutterable 
MiferieS)  that  the  more  I  endeavour  for  Peace,  the 
lafs  my  Endeavours  are  refpefied  ;  and  how  Jhall  1 
know  hereafter  what  to  grant,  when  yourfelves  know 
not   what   to  a/k  ?    I  refer   it  to  your    Confciences^ 
whether  7  have  not  fatisfied  your  Defires    in   every 
Particular  fmce  this  Treaty  :  If  you  find  I  have   not, 
then  let  me  bear  the  Burden  of  the  Fault ;  but  if  I 
huve  given  you  ample  Satisfaflion,  as  I  am  fur e  I  have  ^ 
then  you  are  bound  to  vindicate  me  from  the  Fury  of 
thofe  whofe  Thoughts   are  filled  with   Blood ;  thfiugh 
they  pretend  Zeal,  yet  they  are  but  Wolves   in,  Sbeefs 
Clothing. 

I  mujl  further  declare,  that  I  conceive  there  is 
nothing  can  more  obJlruR  tbe  long-hoped-for  Peace 
of  this  Nation,  than  the  illegal  Proceedings  of  them 
that  prffttme  from  Servants  to  become  Maftefsy  and 
labour  to  bring  in  Democracy,  and  ta  abo'.ijh  AIo- 


2  oo  ¥he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  car.  l.narchy.     Needs  muft  the  total  Alteration  of  Funda- 

1648-       mentals  be  not  only  dejlru£live  to  others,  but,  in  Con- 

December       clufion,  to  'thcmfelves  ;  for  they  that  endeavour  to  rule 

by  the  Sword,  Jhall  at  loft  fall  by  It :  For  Faflion  is 

the  Mother  of  Ruin  ;  and  it  is  the  Humour  of  thofe 

that  are  of  this  Weathercock-like  Difpofition,  to  love 

nothing  but  Mut abilities 9  neither  will  that  pleafe  them 

but  only  pro  Tempore  ;  for  too  much  Variety  doth  but 

confound  the  Senfes,  and  makes  themjlill  hate  one  Folly 

and  fall  in  Love  with  another. 

Time  is  the  bejl  Cure  for  Fattion ;  for  it  will  at 
length^  like  a  fprcading  Leprofy^  infett  the  whole 
Body  of  the  Kingdom,  and  make  it  fo  odious  that  at 
la/i  they  will  hate  themfelves  for  love  of  that,  and  like 
the  Fijh,  for  love  of  the  Bait,  be  catched  with  the 
Hook. 

I  once  more  declare  to  all  my  loving  Subjefls,  and 
God  knows  whether  or  no  this  may  be  my  lajl,  that  1 
have  earneftly  laboured  for  Peace,  and  thai  my  Thoughts 
were  fincere  and  abfolute,  without  any  finifter  Ends, 
and  there  was  nothing  left  undone  by  me  that  my  Con- 
fcience  would  permit  me  to  do.  And  I  call  God  to 
Witnefs,  that  I  do  firmly  conceive  that  the  Inttrpo- 
fition  of  the  Army-)  that  Cloud  of  Malice,  hath  alto- 
gether eclipsed  the  Glory  of  that  Peace  which  began 
again  to  Jhine  in  this  Land.  And  let  the  World  judge 
whether  it  be  expedient  for  an  Army  to  contradiSt  the 
Votes  of  a  Kingdom,  endeavouring,  by  pretending  for 
Laws  and  Liberties,  to  fubvert  both.  Such  Actions  as 
thefe  muft  produce  Jlrange  Conferences,  and  fet  open 
the  Flood-gates  of  Ruin  to  overflow  this  Kingdom  in  a 
Moment. 

Had  this  Treaty  been  only  mine  own  feeking,  then 
they  might  have  had  fairer  Pretences  to  have  ftopt 
the  Courfe  of  it  ;  but  I  being'  importuned  by  my  ~two 
Houfes,  and  they  by  moji  Part  of  the  Kingdom,  could 
not  but  with  a  great  deal  of  Alacrity  concur  with  them 
in  their  Defires,  for  the  Performance  of  fo  commo- 
dious a  Work'>  and  1  hope  by  this  Time  that  the 
Hearts  and  Eyes  of  my  People  are  opened  fo  much,  that 
they  plainly  difcovcr  who  are  the  Undermine? s  of  this 
Trtaty. 

fir 


^ENGLAND.  301 

For  mine  own  Party  I  here  proteji  before  the  Face  An.  *4  Car.  I 
of  Heaven,  that  mine  own  Afflictions,  though  they  need  ^_^  '4  ' 
no  Addition,  afflitt  me  not  fa  much  as  my  People's  Suf-      Dec  .mber< 
ferings  ;  for  1  know  what  to  'trujl  to  already,  and  they 
know  not  :  God  comfort  both  them  and  me,  and  pro- 
portion our  Patience  to  our  Sufferings. 

And  when  the  Malice  of  mine  Enemies  is  fpun 
out  to  the  fmalleft  Thread,  let  them  know,  that  I 
will,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  be  as  contented  to  fujfer, 
as  they  are  aftive  to  advance  my  Sufferings ;  and 
mine  own  Soul  tells  me,  that  the  Time  will  come, 
when  the  very  Clouds  Jhall  drop  down  Vengeance 
upon  the  Heads  of  thofe  that  barricade  themfelves 
agalnjl  the  Proceedings  of  Peace  j  for  if  God  hath 
proclaimed  a  BleJJing  to  the  Peace-makers,  needs  mujl 
the  Peace-breakers  draw  down  Curfes  upon  their 
Heads. 

I  thank  my  God  I  have  armed  myfelf  agalnjl  their 
Fury  ;  and  now  let  the  Arrows  of  their  Envy  fly  at 
me,  I  have  a  Breajl  to  receive  them,  and  a  Heart 
pofleffed  with  Patience  to  fuftaln  them  :  For  God  is 
my  Rock  and  my  Shield ;  therefore  I  will  not  fear 
\vnat  Man  can  do  unto  me.  I  will  expeft  the  Worjl, 
and  if  any  Thing  happen  bey  end  my  Expectation,  I 
will  give  God  the  Glory,  jlr  vain  is  the  Help  of 

C.  R. 


Man. 


But  now  to  return  to  Weftmlnjier,  and  fee  what 
the  Parliament  v/ere  doing. 

Immediately  after  the  Commons  had  voted  the  Th.  Dcbate  upon 
Removal  of  the  King  to  Hurjl  Cajile  to  have  been  the  King's  An- 
done   without  their  Knowledge  or  Confent,  they  f*er  «fum'd  a 
renewed  the  Debate  upon  the  Commiflioners  Re-  l"'r  T'me* 
port  of  the  Treaty  ;  and  the  Queftion   was  pro- 
pounded, Whether  the  King's  Anfwers  to  the  Pro- 
pofitions  of  both  Houfes  be  fatisfa&ory  ?  The  Af- 
hrmative    was   maintained    by    Sir  Robert  Harhy, 
Sir  Benjamin  Rudyard,  Sir  Synmionds  D'Ewes,  Mr. 
Edward   Stephens,    Sir    Har bottle    Grlmjlonc,    Mr. 
Walker,  and  others  ;  who  argued,  That  the  Kiiv>.'j 
Conceflions  were  fufficient  for  fecunrigall  the  main 

Ends, 


..__3P  2  *£he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  c»r.  i.  Ends,  to  attain  which  the  Parliament  firft  engaged 

v \ f  againft  him  ;  and  therefore  his   Majefty  had  given 

December,  Sufficient  Satisfaction.  For  the  Negative  there  ap- 
peared Mr.  Prideaux,  Sir  Thomas  Wroth,  Sir  Henry 
Vane,  fen.  zndjun.  Mr.  Harvey,  Mr.  Edward  AJb, 
Mr.  Venn,  Mr.  Elacklflon,  Mr.  Scot,  Mr.  Hoylc> 
Mr.  Corbet,  Mr.  G  our  don,  and 'others:  Thcfe 
urged,  '  That  u'nlefs  the  Parliament  would  comply 
with  the  Defires  of  the  Army,  there  could  be  no 
Hope  of  a  Settlement  ;  and  therefore  they  rnuft* 
look  for  it  fome  other  Way  than  towards  the  King  j 
who,  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  faid,  was  no  more  to  be 
trufted  than  a  Lion  that  had  been  raged,  and  let 
loofe  again  at  his  Liberty.  At  length  the  previous 
QuefHon  being  put,  That  the  Queftion,  Whether 
the  King's  Arifwers  to  the  Proportions  of  both 
H'cufes  are  fatisfactory,  be  now  put ;  it  was  carried 
in  the  Negative,  by  144  Voices  againft  93.  This 
Refolution  was  owing  to  many  of  thofe  Members, 
who  were  inclined  to  Peace,  being  apprehenfive 
that  they  could  hardly  be  able  to  carry  a  Vote, 
That  the  King's  Conceffions  were  fatisfa£tory  ; 
and  therefore  they  put  the  Negative  upon  the  pre- 
vious Queftion,  in  order  to  frame  a  new  one^  viz, 
That  the  Anfwers  of  the  King  to  the  Propofitions 
of  both  Houfes  are  a  Ground  for  the  Houfe  to  pro- 
ceed upon  for  the  Settlement  of  the  Peace  of  the 
Kingdom.  And  this  occafioned  another  Debate, 
which  continued  all  Night,  and  till  Nine  next 
Morning. 

The  Perfon  who  diftinguifhed  himfelf  moft  upon 
this  Occafion,  was  the  famous  Mr.  Prynne,  wh<3 
maintained  the  Affirmative  in  a  fet  Speech  of  feveral 
Hours ;  which,  though  confidercd  meerly  as  ftich, 
may  be  deemed  very  long,  yet  is  a  fhort  and  au- 
thentic Summary  of  all  the  Tranfa&ions  between 
x  the  King,  the  Houfes,  and  the  Army,  from  the 
Beginning  of  this  Parliament. 

It  is  very  remarkable  that  neither  Lord  Clarendon^ 
Mr.    Wbitlocke,  Mr.   Ru/hworth,  Sir  Philip    War- 
wick, Col.  Ludlow,  nor  any  of  the  Contemporary 
Writers,  excegt  Mr.  Walker •,  in  his  Hijtcry  of  Inde- 
3  pendency^ 


of    ENGLAND.  303 

pendency ,  make  the  leaft  Mention  of  this  Speech, A".  24  Car.  I. 
although  it  was  publifhed  the  latter  End  of  "Janu.-    v    '^•8*    , 
ary  following  by  Mr.  Prynne  himfelf ;  and  was  then     December. 
the  Subject  of  fo  much  Inquiry,  that  the  following 
Copy  is  taken  from  the  fourth  Edition  of  it  printed 
at  that  Time  (d). 

Our  Orator  introduces  his  Arguments  in  the  fol- 
lowing pathetic  Manner  : 

Mr.  Speaker, 
*   DEing  called  to  be  a  Member  of  this  Houfe  Mr.  Prynne's 

D  (without  my  Privity  or  feeking,  and  againft  ^c«cf^PontU* 
my  Judgment,  having  formerly  refufed  many  Places 
freely  tendered  to  me)  by  the  unanimous  Election, 
without  one  diflenting  Voice,  of  that  Borough  for 
which  I  ferve  ;  and,  by  a  Divine  Providence,  enter- 
ing within  thefe  Doors  in  this  great  Conjuncture  of 
the  higheft  public  Affairs  that  ever  came  within  thefe 
Walls  (e),  wherein  the  very  Life  or  Death,  the 
Weal  or  Ruin  of  this  Kingdom,  if  not  of  Scotland 
and  Ireland  too,  confift  in  our  jfye  or  Afo  upon  the 
Queftion  now  debating,  I  (hall,  with  the  greater 
Boldnefs,  crave  Liberty  to  difcharge  my  Conference 
towards  God,  and  Duty  to  my  dying  Country* 
which  now  lies  at  Stake ;  and  fo  much  the  rather  be- 
caufc,  for  ought  I  know,  it  may  be  the  laftTime  I  {hall 
have  Freedom  to  fpeak  my  Mind  within  this  Houfe. 

4  That  I  may,  in   this   great  Debate,  more  fin-  The  fi*ft  preJu' 
cerely  fpeak  my  very  Heart  and  Soul  without  any  dicc  3£aini 
Prejudice,  I  {hall  humbly  crave  Leave,  briefly,  to 
remove  two  feeming  Prejudices,  which   may,  per- 
chance, in  fome  Members  Opinions,  enervate  the 
Strength  of  thofe  Reafons  I  mall  humbly  reprefent 
unto  you,  to  make  good  my  Conclusion  touching 
the  Satisfactorinefs  of  the  King's  Anfwers  to  the 
Houfes  Propofitions. 

The 

(J)  London,  printed  for  Mitiatl  Spark,  at  the  Bfm  £:'&.'(  in  Grttn, 
Arbor,  1649. 

(e~)  This  enables  us  to  corrcft  a  Miftake  in  our  Ninth  Volume, 
p.  *  38 ;  where  Mr.  Prynne  is  put  down  as  Member  for  Briftt'. 
Whereas,  he  was  elefted  for  Newport,  in  Gormvj'',  in  tlm  Year, 
and  took  his  Scat  gnly  tbe  7th  of 


tte  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

e  The  firft  is  that  wherewith    fome  Members 

have,  upon  another  Occafion  laft  Week,  and  now 

December.  again,  tacitly  afperfed  me,  That  I  am  a  Royal  Fa- 
"uourite,  alluding  to  the  Title  of  one  of  my  Books, 
out  of  which  fome  have  collected  an  Abftract,  in 
the  Nature  of  a  Charge  againft  the  King,  and  this 
Day  published  it  in  my  Name ;  and  I  am  now 
term'd  An  Apojlate  to  the  Kings  Party  and  Inter  eft. 

«  To  which  I  fhall  return  this  fhort  Anfwer,  I 
hope,  without  any  vain  Glory  or  Boafting,  being 
thus  provoked  thereunto,  That  I  have  oppofed  and 
written  againft  the  King  and  his  Prelates  arbitrary 
Power  and  illegal  Proceedings  mpre  than  any 
Man  ;  that  I  have  fuffered  from  the  King  and  Pre- 
lates for  this  my  Oppofition,  more  than  any  Man  ; 
that  if  the  King  and  Prelates  be  ever  reftored  to 
their  prifane  arbitrary  Power  and  illegal  Preroga- 
tives, I  muft  expect  to  fuffer  from  them  as  much, 
if  not  more,  than  any  Man. 

*  That  all  the  Royal  Favour  I  ever  yet  received 
from  his  Majefty  or  his  Party,  was  the  cutting  off 
my  Ears,  at  two  feveral  Times,  one  after  ano- 
ther, in  amoft  barbarous  Manner;  the  fctting  me 
upon  three  feveral  Pillories  at  Wejlninjler  and  in 
Cheapjide,  in  a  d.ifgraceful  Manner,  each  Time,, 
for  two  Hours  Space  together  ;  the  burning  of  my 
iicenfed  Books  before  my  Face  by  the  Hand  of  the 
Hangman';  the  impofing  of  two  Fines  upon  me 
of  5000  /.  a-piece ;  Expulfion  out  of  the  Inns  of 
Court  and  Univerfity  of  Oxford,  and  Degradation 
in  both  ;  the  Lofs  of  my  Calling  almoft  nine  Years 
Space;  the  Seizure  of  my  Books  and  Eitate;  a- 
bove  eight  Years  Imprifonment  in  feveral  Prifons, 
at  leaft  four  of  thefe  Years  fpent  in  clofe  Imprifon- 
•ment  and  Exile  at  Caernarvon  in  North  Wales^ 
and  in  the  Ifie  of  Jerfey ;  where  I  was  debarred 
the  Ufe  of  Pen,  Ink,  Paper,  and  all  Books  almoft 
but  the  Bible,  without  the  leaft  Acccis  of  any 
Friend,  or  any  Allowance  of  Diet  for  my  Support'; 
and  all  this  for  my  good  Service  to  the  State  in  op- 
pofmg  Popery  and  Regal  Tyranny:  For  all  which 
Sufferings  and  Loflbs'I  never  yet  received  OKS  Far- 

thin* 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D;  305 

thing  Recompence  from  the  King,  or  any  other.  An.  24  car.  f. 
though  I  have  waited  above  eight  Years  at  your  **>48-  ^ 
Doors  for  Juftice  and  Reparations ;  and,  negledt,-  December, 
ing  my  own  private  Calling  and  Affairs,  employed 
moft  of  my  Time  and  Study,  and  expended  many 
hundred  Pounds  oat  of  my  Purfe,  fince  my  En- 
largement, to  maintain  your  Caufe  againft  the  King, 
his  Popifti  and  Prelatical  Party:  For  all  which 
Coft  and  Labour  I  never  yet  demanded  nor  recei- 
ved one  Farthing  from  the  Houfes,  nor  the  leaft 
Office  or  Preferment  whatfoever,  tho'  they  have 
beftowed  divers  Places  of  Honour  upon  Perfons  of 
lefs,  or  no  Defert ;  nor  did  I  ever  yet  receive  fo 
much  as  your  public  Thanks  for  any  public  Ser- 
vice done  you,  which  every  'Preacher  ufually  re- 
ceives for  every  Sermon  preached  before  you,  and 
moft  others  have  received  for  the  meaneft  Services  ; 
though  I  have  brought  you  off  with  Honour  in  the 
Cafes  of  Canterbury  and  Macguire  (a),  when  you 
Were  at  a  Lofs  in  both  ;  and  cleared  the  Juftnefs  of 
your  Caufe,  when  it  was  at  the  loweft  Ebb,  to  moft 
Reformed  Churches  abroad,  who  received  fuch  (b) 
Satisfaction  from  my  Book,  that  they  translated  it 
into  two  feveral  Languages  ;  and  engaged  many 
Thoufands  for  you  at  home  by  my  Writings,  who 
were  formerly  dubious  and  unfatisfied.  Now,  if 
any  Member,  or  old  Courtier,  whatfoever  fhall  envy 
my  Happincfs  for  being  only  fuch  a  Royal  or  State 
Favourite  as  this,  I  wi(h  he  may  receive  no  other 
Badges  of  Royal  Favour  frbm  his  Majefty,  nor  great- 
er Reward  or  Honour  from  the  Houfes  than  I  have 
done,  and  then  I  believe  he  will  no  more  caulWs  - 
ly  afperfe  or  fufpedr,  me  for  being  now  a  Royal  Fa- 
vourite or  Apoftate  from  the  Public  Caufe. 

VOL.  XVIII.  U  '  True 

(a)  See  thefe  in  the  State  Tria's,  in  the  Fiift  and  Eighth.  Volume^. 
ft)  The  learned    Gi/tertm    Pcctim,  in  his  L,  tter  to  Mr.  li'j;t-' 
Stirckland,  Agent  for  the  Parliament  at  the  liagfe,  Feb.  2. 
writes  thus  of  my  Sovereign  P<rwer   of  Paii':.tr>.iKt,  &c.    ./A. 
perrime  cowrKodatum,  ad  llorjt  a!ij:tot  J.ib'vn  Giij-lielmi  Prynnr,   t,:rt 
Aiu  Hlibi  deftderatum,  et    Rationet  cum  Relp'infikai   turr.  f;.';Jc  c!  . 
fro  Parliaments  contra  Advcrfariot,  inflrmflal  atque  exf,licatJs  di-re- 
beadi,    ut   nn  -Jidcam  quid  ultra,  dcfidtrari  poj/it.      Dcl-btt  '/--./'/j.'.vi 
Hie  Latine  et  Gallue  extart,  ut  a  Reftrmatit  TL-co.'sgn  <s:  PiL:ictt,  it 
Europa  Itgi  pcj/it. 


306  ffie  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.      i  True  it  is,  which  it  behoves  now  to  touch,  that  - 
l64-8>  _i  ab°ut  fourYears  fmce,  I  publifhed  a  Book,  intituled,  , 
December.      *Ihe  Royal  Popijl)  Favourite  ;  wherein,   as  like  wife 
in  my  Hidden  JVork$   of  Darknefi  brought   to  public 
Ligbty   publifhed   a  Year  after  it,  I  did,  with  no 
little  Labour  and  Expence,  difcover  to  the  World 
the  feveral  Plots  and  Proceedings  of  the  Jefuits, 
Papifts,  and  their   foreign  and  domeftic  Confede- 
rates, to  introduce  and   fet.up  Popery  throughout 
England^  Scotland,  and  Ireland;  and  how  far  they 
had  inveigled  the  King  not  only  to  connive  at,  but 
to  countenance  and  aiHft  them  in  a  great  Mea- 
fure,  more  fully  and  evidently  than  any  elfe  had 
done.     And  thofe  worthy  Members  of  this   Houfe 
who   dr£w  up  that  Declaration,  whereupon  they 
voted  no  more  Addrefles  to  the    King,  plowed  but 
with  my  Heifer,   borrowing  all  or  moft  of  their 
real  Materials  from  my  Writings :  A  convincing 
Evidence  that  I  am  yet  no  more  a  Royal  Favourite 
than  themfelves.     Yet  this  I  muft  add  withall,  to 
take  off  that  Afperfion  of  being  an  Apoftate  from 
my   firft  Principles,   that  I  never  publifhed  thofe 
Books,  as  I  then  profefled  in  them,  and  now  again 
proteft,  to  fcandalize  or  defame  the  King,  or  alie- 
nate the  People's  Affections  from  him  ;  much  lefs 
to  depofe  or  lay  him  quite  afide  ;  tho'  I  am  clear 
of  Opinion,   that  Kings  are  accountable  for  their 
A&ions  to  their  Parliaments  and  whole  Kingdoms; 
and  in  cafe  of  abfolute  Neceffity,  where  Religion, 
Laws,  Liberties,  and  their  Kingdoms  will  elfe  be 
inevitably  deftroyed  by  their  tyrannical  and  flagi- 
tious Practices,  be  depofed  by  them,  if  there  be  no 
fpecial    Oaths    nor  Obligations    upon  their  Con- 
fciences  to  the  contrary  ;  which  is  our  prefent  Cafe  : 
Much  lefs  did  I  it  out  of  any  Malice  or  Revenge 
for  the  Injuflice  I  received  from  him  in  the  Exe- 
cutions done  upon  my  Perfon  and  Eftate,  which  I 
have  long  fince  cordially  forgiven,  and  do  now  a- 
gain  forgive  him  from  my  Soul,  befeeching  God 
to  forgive  him  likewife ;  but  meerly  to  difcover  his 
former  Errors  in  this   Kind  unto  himfelf,    that  he 
might  ferioufly  repent  of  them  for  the  prefent,  and 

more 


ef   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  307 

more  carefully  avoid  and  deleft  them  for  Time  td  An.  24  Car.  I. 

come ;  and  that  the  Parliament  and  whole  King-        l6*8- 

dom   might  more  clearly  difccrn  the  great  Danger     De«tnbr 

Our  Religion  was  in,  before  we  publickly  difcern'd 

it,   and  the  feveral  Ways  and  Stratagems  by  which 

Popery  got  fuch  Head  and  Growth  among  us,  that 

they  might  thereby  the  better  prevent  the  like  Plots 

and  Dangers  for  the   future  by  wholefome  Laws 

and  Edifts,  as  I  have  more  largely  declared  in  the 

Books  themfelves. 

'This  grand   Prejudice  againft  me  being  thus  The  fecondpre- 
removed,    I  proceed  to  the  fecond,  to  wit,  That  I  judice. 
am  an  Enemy  to  the  Army  \    and  therefore  what  I 
(hall  fpeak,   may  be    interpreted  to  proceed   only 
from  Oppofition  againft   them  and  their  Remon- 
ftrance,  concerning  which  I  freely  uttered  my  fud- 
den  Thoughts  immediately  after  its  reading  in  the 
Houfe.  , 

'  To  this  I  anfwer*  That  I  have  always  been  a 
real  Friend  and  Well-wiftier  to  this  Army  from  £he  Anfwcr  to 
their  firft  modelling  till  now,  in  whatever  they 
have  a6ted  in  their  Sphere,  as  Soldiers,  for  the 
Public  Safety.  When  they  were  firft  formed  into 
a  Body,  the  Committee  of  Accounts,  whereof  I 
was  a  Member,  and  thofe  they  engaged,  advanced 
about  Thirty  Thoufand  Pounds,  of  the  Fourfcore 
Thoufand,  to  fet  them  out.  Since  that,  I  have 
freely  contributed  towards  their  Pay  :  prayed  con- 
ftantly  for  their  good  Succefs  ;  joined  in  all  public 
Thankfgivings  for  the  Victories  obtained  by  th-jin  ; 
made  honourable  Mention  of  them  and  their  he- 
roic Actions  in  fome  of  my  Writings  ;  and  par- 
ticularly dedicated  one  Book,  I  fince  compiled,  to 
the  General  himfelf,  as  I  had  done  former  Books 
to  others  of  your  Generals,  for  to  do  him  all  the 
Honour  that  poflibly  I  could  foj  his  renowned 
Actions.  Bcfides,  I  have  lately  figned  Warrant* 
to  get  in  their  Arrears,  and  promoted  an  Ordi- 
nance for  that  Purpofe  all  I  could,  fince  rny  En- 
trance into  this  Houfe.  All  which  confidered, 
with  this  Addition,  that  fome  of  them  have  been 
my  anticnt  intimate  Friends,  and  never  did  me  the 
U  2  Icuft 


go&  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.   24.  Car.  Meaft  Injury,  I  hope  no  Member  can  be  fo  partial, 

l648'     f  as  to  repute  me  fuch  a  profefled  Enemy  to  them, 

December.      as»  *n  ^^  gran<^  Debate,  to  go  againft  my  Judg- 

ment or  Confcience  in  Oppolition  only  unto  their 

Defires.     True  it  is,  when  the  Army  have  forgot 

their  Duty,  or  offered  any  Violence  to  the  Privi- 

leges, Members  Freedom,  or  Proceedings  of  Par- 

liament,  or  endeavoured  to  engage  them  to  break 

their  public  Faith  to  the  King    or  Kingdom,  in 

breaking  off  the  Treaty,  contrary  to  their  Votes 

and    Engagement,    or   to  infringe    their   Solemn 

League  and  Covenant,  or  to  inforce  them  to  fubvert 

the  fundamental  Government,  Laws,  and   Liber- 

ties of  the  Kingdom,  or  the  very  Freedom  and  Be- 

ing of  Parliament,  as  they  have  done  in  their  late 

Remonftrance    and  Declaration,    and  feme  other 

printed  Papers  fmce  and  heretofore,    I  have  then, 

in  Difcharge    of  my    Covenant,  Confcience,  and 

Duty,  oppofed,  and  fpoken  againft  thefe  their  Ex- 

orbitances, as  much  as  any  ;  not  out  of  Malice, 

but  only  out  of  Love,  to  reclaim  them  from  their 

evil  deftrudtive  Courfes  and  Councils,  according  to 

God's  own  Precept,  Leviticus  xix.    17.  Tboujhalt 

not  bate  thy  Brother  in  thy  Heart  ;    but  Jball  in  any" 

wife   rebuke   thy   Neighbour,  and  not  fujfer  Sin  up- 

on him.     And  feeing   I    have   always,    with    like 

Freedom,  oppofed  and  written  againft  the  Exor- 

bitances and  Errors  of  the  King,  Court,  Prelates, 

Parliament,  Committees,   Prcfbyterians,   Indepen- 

dents, Lawyers,  and  all  other  Sorts  of  Men  in  Re- 

ference to  the  Public  Good,  the  Army  and  their 

Friends  have  no  Caufe  at  all  to  cenfure  me  as  their 

Enemy;    but  rather  to  efteem  me  as  their  Friend, 

for  ufmg  the  like  Freedom  towards  them,  and  their 

Exorbitances,  efpecially  in  this  Houfe. 

The  Qucfiion,  as      '  Having  removed  thefe  two  Prejudices,   I   fhall 
ptopofed,  con-    now  addrefs  myfelf  to  the  Queftion  in  Debate,  which 

'"S  hath  been  thuS 


s 

the  Ticaty,  '  Whether  the  Kings  Anfivers  to  the  Proportions  of 
loth  JHoufeS)  taken  altogether  upon  the  whole  Treaty  ,  be 
fatisfaftory  or  unfathfaftory  ? 


^ENGLAND. 

*  This  being  an  equivocal  Queftion,  not  hither- 
to  clearly  ftated  and  debated  by  thofe  who  have 
fpoken  to  it,  moft  of  them  being  much  miftaken 
in  it,  I  muft  crave  Leave  to  give  you  the  true  State 
of  it,  before  I  {hall  debate  it;  for  which  Purpofe 
I  mult  diftinguifh  in  what  Senfe  it  is  not  fatisfac- 
tory  to  any  in  this  Houfe,.and  yet  in  what  Refpeft 
it  will  appear  fatis factory  to  all  or  moft  of  us  who 
are  not  blinded  with  Paffion  or  Prejudice  againft 
the  King,  or  mifled  by  Affection  meerly  to  pleafe 
the  Army  ;  which  many  have  made  their  principal 
Argument  wherefore  it  is  not  fatisfactory, 

4  If  the  Queftion  be  propounded  and  intended 
in  this  Senfe,  Whether  the  King's  Anfwers  to  all 
the  Proportions  be  fatisfaclory  ?  that  is,  Whether 
the  King  hath  granted  all  the  Proportions  fent 
unto  him  in  as  large  and  ample  Manner  as  both 
Houfes  did  propound  them  ?  then  it  is  certain  his 
Anfwers  are  not  fatisfactory  in  that  which  concerns 
Delinquents,  Bifhops,  and  Bimops  Lands,  and  the 
Covenant,  though  they  are  voted  fatisfactory  as  to 
all  the  reft  by  both  Houfes.  And,  in  this  Senfe 
only,  thofe  who  have  concluded  them  not  fatisfac- 
tory,  have  ftated  and  difputed  the  Queftion. 

*  But  this,  under  Favour,  neither  is  nor  can  be 
the  State  or  Senfe  of  the  Queftion,  for  thefe  Rea- 
fons : 

Fir/I,  t  Becaufe  thefe  Proportions  were  fent  by 
the  Houfes  to  the  King,  not  as  Bills  of  Parlia- 
ment, to  be  granted  in  Termini^  without  Debate 
or  Alteration  ;  but  only  as  Propofttions  to  be  de- 
bated and  treated  upon  perfonally  with  the  King, 
as  the  Votes  of  both  Houfes,  and  Inftru&ions  to 
the  Commiffioners  fent  to  the  Ifle  of  Wight  ^  refolve 
paft  all  Difputc.  Now  it  is  directly  contrary  to 
the  Nature  of  all  Treaties,  cfpecially  fuch  as  are 
Perfonal,  to  tie  up  the  Parties  of  either  Side  fo 
precifely  that  they  mail  have  no  Liberty  to  vary 
from  their  firft  Propofals  in  any  Particular;  or  if 
they  condefend  not  to  whatever  was  at  firft  de- 
manded by  the  ftrongcr  Party,  that  the  Condj- 
U  3  fee  uior.f 


jio  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I. 'fcentlons  (hould  not  be  fatisfactory,  though  they 

t    l64&- ^    yield  to  all  juft  Things,  and  fall  fhort  only  in  fome 

December.  ^ew  °^  ^ea^  Concernment.  This  is  evident  by  all 
Treaties  heretofore  between  England,  France, 
Spain,  and  other  foreign  Nation?,  If  you  perufc 
their  firft  Demands,  which  were  never  conde- 
fcended  to,  but  always  receded  from  and  qualified 
in  fome  Particulars  on  either  Side ;  Iniquum  petas^ 
nt  "Jujium  ferns,  being  a  Rule  in  Treaties  among 
Statefmen.  There  have  been  many  Treaties,  du- 
ring thefe  Wars,  between  the  Officers  of  the  Par- 
liament and  King's  Party,  about  Surrenders  of  di- 
vers Cities  and  Garrifons,  wherein  the  firft  Pro- 
pofitions  on  either  Side  have  been  moderated  or 
changed,  and  yet  agreed  and  accepted  at  laft  as 
fatisfa&ory  to  both  Siles.  In  all  ordinary  Trea- 
ties concerning  Marriages,  Purchafes,  and  ordi- 
nary Bargains  in  Fairs,  Markets,  or  Shops,  there 
are  ufually  greater  Sums  of  Money  demanded  at  firft 
on  the  one,  and  lefs  proffered  on  the  other  Side, 
than  is  accepted  and  given  at  laft ;  and  yet  both 
Parties  clofe,  agree,  and  are  well  fatisfied  :  So  may 
\ve  do  now  with  the  King  upon  the  whole  Treaty, 
tho'  the  King  grants  not  fully  all  that  we  at  fi,rft 
propofed. 

Secondly,  c  Becaufe  the  Houfes  have  already  voted 
the  King's  Conceflions  of  the  Great  Offices  of  Eng- 
land and  Ireland  to  be  t  their  Difpofal  for  twenty 
Years,  to  be  fatisfaclory,  though  their  Demand  was 
for  Perpetuity  ;  which  they  would  not  have  done, 
had  the  Satisfa&orinefs  of  the  King's  Anfwers  de- 
pended upon  the  full  Conceffion  of  that  Proportion 
3s  amply  as  it  is  penn'd. 

Thirdly,  '  Becaufe  the  Houfes  in  their  laft  Pro- 
pofitions  demand  far  more  than  ever  they  did  in 
moft  former  Treaties,  and  the  King  hath  granted 
them  more  now  in  this  than  they  have  demanded 
heretofore ;  &nd  therefore  having  granted  more 
than  what  would  have 'fully  fatisfied  them  in  for- 
mer Treaties,  his  Conceflions  in  this  may  be  fully 
futisfactory  to  us,  fo  far  as  to  clofe  with  him,  to 
fettle  a  firm  Peace  in  the  Kingdom,  now  at  -the 

Brink 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 

Brink  of  Ruin,  tho'  they  fall  fhort  in  fome  Things  An.  14  c*r.  j. 
which  we  now  propounded,  which  do  not  fe  much 
concern  our   Security,  as  I  (hall  prove  anon. 

The  true  State  then  and  Senle  of  this  Queftion 
rauft  be  this  and  no  other  : 

*  Jf/lsethcr  the  King1  1  final  Anfwers  to  the  Propifi-  Tl*  Qucfti 
tions  of  both  Houfesin  this  Treaty,  confiiered  and  weighed  truly 
all  together,  be  not  fo  full  and  fat'ufaflory  in  themjel-ves, 
that  this  Houfe  may  and  ought  to  accept  of  and  j>r.c:t'l 
upon  them  for  the  fpeedy  Settlement  of  a  Jaff  and  ivsll- 
grounded  Peace,  both  in  Church  and  Commonwealth^ 
rather  than  reject  them  as  unjatisfafiory  and  fo  hazard 
the  Lofs  of  all,  and  the  perpetuating  of  our  [fairs  and 


In  this  Senfe  I  humbly  conceive,  and  hope  to 
evidence  them  fo  clearly  and  fully  fkttsfa&bry,  that 
we  can  neither,  in  point  of  Duty,  Prudence,  Juftice 
and  Honour  or  Confcience,  reject  them  as  unfatis- 
factory,  but  ought  to  embrace  them  as  the  only  fafe 
and  ready  Way  to  our  Peace  and  Settlement,  though 
they  come  not  up  fo  fully  to  fome  of  our  Propoli- 
tions,  as  I  could  have  heartily  dcfircd  for  the  avoid- 
ing of  this  hazardous  Dcbr.tr. 

*  For  my  clearer  Pro^cfs  in  thie  grand  Debate, 
I  fhall  obferve  this  Method. 

Flrjl,  '  I  fhall  clearly  mamfeft,  That  the  King, 
in  this  Treaty,  hath  granted  us  whatlbevcr  we  can 
well  defire  for  the  prefent  Settlement  and  future  Se- 
curity of  the  Commonwealth  or  State,  when  ratified 
by  Ac~h  and  a  Regal  Oath,  as  is  intended  ;  yea,  far 
more  than  ever  our  Anceftors,  or  any  Subjects  in 
the  ChrilUan  World,  enjoyed  or  di-fired  of  their 
Kings,  for  their  Security  and  Prefervation  againft 
thsir  armed  Power,  or  legal  Prerogatives. 

Secondly  ,  «  Th?.t  the  King  hath  granted  as  much, 
in  this  Treaty,  as  will  fettle  and  fecurc  the  Peace 
and  Government  of  our  Church  and  Religion 
againfr.  Popery  and  Prelacy  on  the  one  Hand,  and 
Profancnefs  on  the  other  Hand  ;  and  more  than  \vc 
or  .my  Protcftrnt  Churches  ever  enjoyed,  or  de- 
manded heretofore,  for  their  Security  and  Scttlc- 
Dieut. 

U'4  'When 


3 1 2  %?  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

Afa.  -Li,  Car,  I. '     <  When  I  have  made  good    thefe    Particulars, 
l^4°*          and  anfwered  the  Objections  made  againft  them, 

December  ^  n°Pe  every  one  °f  us»  wno  nave  an/  Ingenuity, 
Reafon,  or  Confcience  in  their  Breads,  and  are 
not  tranfported  with  Pa|fton,  or  private  Engage- 
ments to  the  contrary,  will,  and  muft  of  Neceflity, 
vote  thefe  Anfwers  fatisfactory  in  the  Senfe  fore- 
ftated. 

*  I  fhall  begin  with  the  firft  of  thefe,  namtly, 
The  King's  Anfwers  to  all  thofe  Propofitions  which 
concern  the  prefent  Settlement  and  future  Security 
of  the  State  and  Republic,  againft  any  arm'd  Force 
or  Invafions  of  the  Regal  Prerogative  to  the  enfla- 
ving  or  prejudicing  of  the  Subject  ;  which  in  my 
poor  Judgment,  are  fo  full  and  fatisfacliory,  that 
little  or  nothing  can  be  added  to  them;  and  if  we 
well  confider  them  we  have  caufe  to  fay, 

O  fortunatl  Nlmium  buna  fi  fua  nor  int. 

J  fhall  give  you  a  full  View  of  them  all,  becaufe 
many  of  them  have  not  been  fo  much  as  once  re- 
membered in  this  Debate,  and  apply  them  to  our 
prefent  Settlement  and  future  Safety,  as  I  mention 
them. 

The  fiifl  Propo-      e  "^ne  fir^  Propofition,  for  the  Settlement  of  a 
Ction  concerning  fafe  and  well-grounded  Peace,  is  that  which  con- 
theKhg's  recal-  cerns  tnc  Juftification  of  the  Parliament's  War,  de- 
t?onl,  &c!aEar?n~ft  daring  it,  by  an  Acl  of  Parliament  to  bepaff^d,  to 
the  Parliament,  be  in  their  juft  and  lawful  Defence;   juftifying  the 
fully  granted  by  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  in  profccution  there- 
theBeneVt  ac-   °^5  ani^  repealing  all  Oaths,  Declarations,  and  Pro- 
cruing  to  the      clamations  heretofore  had,  or  hereafter  to  be  had, 
Kjngdom  there-  agamft  both  or  either  Houfes  of  Parliament,   their 
Ordinances,  or  Proceedings ;    or   againft  any  for 
adhering    unto,    or  executing  any  Office,    Place, 
or  Charge  under  them  ;  and  all  Judgments,  Indict- 
ments,   Outlawries,    Attainders,  and    Inquifitions 
in  any  of  the  faid  Caufes  ;  and  all  Grants  there- 
upon made,  had,  or  to  be  made  or  had,  to  be  de- 
clared  null,  fupprelTed,  forbidden,  and    never  put 
jnto  Execution  :  And  this  to  be  publifhed   in  all 
Parifh  Churches,  and  all  other  Places  needful,  within 
hjs  Majefty's  Dominions.  *  To 


rf   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  313 

4  To  this  proemial  and  advantageousPropofuion,  An.  24  Car.  I. 
the  King  hath  fully  and  readily  condefcended  at  firft,        |64*- 
in  every  Tittle,  as  was  defired.  DccembeT 

'  By  this  Conceffion  the  Parliament  hath  gained 
fundry  coniiderable  Advantages,  tending  to  their 
prefent  Honour  and  future  Security. 

i/?,  *  A  full,  public,  Acknowledgment  of  the 
Juftnefs  of  their  War  and  Caufe,  to  be  ratified  and 
perpetuated  to  Pofterity  by  the  higheft  Record  that 
can  be,  an  Act  of  Parliament;  and  that  to  be  read 
in  all  Parifti  Churches  throughout  Eugland^  Ire- 
land^ and  other  the  King's  Dominions ;  and  pro- 
claimed in  all  Counties,  Cities,  Corporations,  and 
at  Affixes  and  Seffions  of  the  Peace,  that  fo  all 
Men  may  take  public  Notice  of  it ;  which  is  fuch 
an  Honour  to,  and  Juftification  of,  them  and  their 
Caufe,  as  was  never  condefcended  to  by  any  King, 
that  took  up  Arms  aguinft  his  Subjects,  fmce  the 
Creation  to  this  prefent  ;  and  fo  low  a  Humilia- 
tion and  legal  Difclaimer,  in  the  King,  of  his  War 
againft  the  Parliament,  and  Difavowal  of  his  Caufe 
and  Party,  as  could  poifibly  be  imagined  or  ex- 
pefted. 

2^//y,  *  It  fecures  the  Lives,  Liberties,  and 
Eftares  of  all  the  Members  of  both  Houfes  engaged 
in  thefe  Wars;  and  of  all  Perfons  whatfoever  that 
have  adhered  to,  or  acled  for  them,  againft  all  for- 
mer, prefent,  and  future  Impeachments,  Profecu- 
tions,  and  Judgments  whatfoever  ;  and  makes  void 
and  null  whatever  hath  been,  is,  or  may  be  ob- 
jected againft  them  ;  which,  coupled  with  the  Act 
of  Indemnity  and  Oblivion,  propofed  by  the  King 
and  agreed  to  by  the  Houfes,  will  extraordinarily 
fecure,  pacify,  and  content  all  well-afFe&ed  Mem- 
bers and  Perfons  who  have  adhered  to  them  in  this 
Caufe,  and  preferve  them  from  the  Danger  of 
25  Ed.  III.  and  other  Laws  concerning  Treafons  j 
which  otherwife,  upon  any  Revolution  of  Times 
and  Affairs,  might,  by  corrupt  Judges  and  Inftru- 
ments,  be  extended  and  wrefted  to  their  Prejudice 
and  Undoing. 


ffle  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

3^/f,  *  It  Jays  a  Foundation  for  the  Lawfulnefs 
_  of  a  defennve  War  by  Authority  of  both  Houfcs, 
December  uPon  tne  like  Occasion,  in  all  future  Ages,  with- 
<jut  incurring  the  Guilt  of  Treafon  or  Rebellion  ; 
which  will  be  a  great  Encouragement  and  Security 
to  the  Subjects,  and  Engagement  to  them  to  adhere 
unto  the  Parliament  in  after  Times. 

4/£/X,  '  It  will  very  much  difcourage  and  deter 
all  Kind  of  Men  from  taking  upArms  in  the  King's, 
his  Heirs  and  Succeflbrs,  Behalf,  againft  the  Houfes 
of  Parliament,  when  they  fhall  caft  their  Eyes  up- 
on this  Act,  and  behold  the  King  himfelf  palling 
fuch  a  Cenfure  upon  all  his  own  Proceedings,  and 
retracting  his  own  Oaths,  Proclamations,  Com- 
miflions,  Indictments,  and  Grants,  again  ft  fuch 
Members  and  all  others  who  have  now  taken  up 
Arms  againft  him,  for  the  Houfes  and  Kingdom's 
Defence. 

'  So  as  this  very  firft  Propofition  only,  if  well 
weigh'd,  without  any  others  added  thereunto,  be- 
ing fo  fully  and  freely  confented  unto  by  the  King, 
tends  very  far  towards  our  prefent  Settlement  and 
future  Safety  ;  being  more  than  was  ever  thought 
of  or  defired  in  the  Treaty  of  Peace,  in  February 
and  March  164.2. 

The  Propofition  '  The  fecond  Propofition  fully  granted  by  the 
for  the  Militia  King,  for  the'  fettling  and  fecuring  of  the  State, 
fully  confented  and  Religion  too,  againft  the  King's  arm'd  Power, 
Sdthektag-8'  is  the  fettling  of  the  whole  Militia  by  Sea  and 
dom'sAdvantage  Land,  and  Navy  of  England,  Ireland,  and  thelfles 
and  Security  ari-  and  Dominions  thereunto  belonging,  by  Act  of 

fmgfron  thence. 


, 

fmgfron  thence.  padiament)     in    ^   jj^     ^    Djfpofal    of 

Houfes,  and  fuch  as  they  {hall  appoint,  for  the 
Space  of  twenty  Years  ;  with  Power  to  raife  Mo- 
nies for  all  Forces  raifed  by  them  for  Land  or  Sea 
Service,  during  that  Space  of  Time  ;  which  Forces 
are  authorized  to  fupprefs  all  Forces  railed,  or  to  be 
raifed,  in,  or  any  foreign  Forces  which  fhall  invade, 
the  Realms  of  England,  Ireland,  or  the  Domi- 
nions and  Ifles  thereunto  belonging,  without  Au- 
thority and  Confent  of  the  Lords  and  Commons  in 

Par- 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  315 

Parliament.     And  it  further  provides,  That  after  An<  ai*tgar-  '• 

the  Expiration   of  the  faid  twenty  Years,    neither    , '  4  '     , 

the  King,  his  Heirs  or  Succeflbrs,  nor  any  Perfon  December. 
or  Perfons,  by  Colour  or  Pretence  of  any  Com- 
miflion,  Power,  Deputation,  or  Authority  to  be 
derived  from  the  King,  his  Heirs  or  Succeflbrs,  or 
any  of  them,  (hall  raife,  array,  train,  employ,  or 
difpofe  of  any  of  the  Forces  by  Sea  or  Land  of  the 
Kingdoms  of  England,  and  Ireland,  the  Dominion 
of  flrb&f,  Ifles  of  Guernfey,  and  Jerfey,  or  of  Ber- 
wick upon  Tweed -y  nor  execute  any  Power  or  Au- 
thority touching  the  fame,  inverted  in  the  two 
Houfes  during  the  Space  of  twenty  Years  ;  nor  do 
any  Act  or  Thing  concerning  the  Execution  there- 
of, without  the  Confent  of  the  Lords  and  Com- 
mons firft  had  and  obtained.  And  that  after  the 
Expiration  of  the  faid  twenty  Years,  in  all  Cafes 
wherein  the  Lords  and  Commons  fhall  declare  the 
Safety  of  the  Kingdom  to  be  concerned,  and  fhall 
thereupon  pafs  any  Bill  for  the  raifmg,  arming, 
training,  and  difpofing  of  the  Forces  by  Sea  and 
Land  of  the  Kingdoms,  Dominions,  Ifles,  and 
Places  aforefaid,  or  concerning  the  levying  of  Mo- 
nies for  the  fame,  if  the  King,  his  Heirs  or  Suc- 
ccffors,  fhall  not  give  the  Royal  AfTent  thereto, 
within  fuch  Time  as  both  Houfes  {hould  think 
convenient,  that  then  fuch  Bill  or  Bills,  after  De- 
claration made  by  |he  Lords  and  Commons  in  that 
Behalf,  (hall  have  the  Force  and  Strength  of  an 
Act  or  A£b  of  Parliament,  and  be  as  valid,  to  all 
Intents  and  Purpofcs,  as  if  the  Royal  AfTent  had 
been  given  thereunto.  After  which  it  difablcs  any 
Sheriff,  Juftice  of  the  Peace,  Mayors,  or  other 
Officers  of  Juftice,  to  levy,  conduct,  or  employ 
any  Forces  whatfoever,  by  Colour  or  Pretence  of 
any  Commifiion  of  Array,  or  extraordinary  Com- 
mand from  the  King,  his  Heirs  or  Succcflbrs, 
without  Confent  of  both  Houfes  :  And  concludes, 
That  if  any  Perfons,  to  the  Number  of  thirty,  fhalJ 
be  gathered  together  in  warlike  Manner,  or  other- 
wife,  and  not  forthwith  difband  themfelves,  being 
thereunto  required  by  the  Lords  and  Commons,  or 

Com- 


3  1  6  ¥be  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  a*  Car.  1.  Command  from  them,   or  any  other  fpecially  au- 

\    l64.8-  -.-  --1  t'10"zet^  by  them,  that  then  fuch  Perfon  or  Pcr- 

Dec  ember.     fons,  not  fo  difbanding,  fhall   be  guilty  and  incur 

the  Pains  of  High  Treafon  j  any  Commiflion   un- 

der the  Great  Seal,   or  other  Warrant  to   the  con- 

tray  notwithftanding,  and  be  incapable  of  any  Par- 

don from  his    Majefty,   his  Heirs   and  Succeflbrs, 

and   their  Eftates  difpofed  of  as   the   Lords  and 

Commons  {hall  think  fit. 

'  To  all  this  new,  grand,  principal  Security  of  our 
prefent  and  future  Peace  and  Settlement  the  King 
hath  given  his  full  and  free  Confent  in  Terminis. 
And  what  greater  Security  than  this  we  can  ima- 
gine or  demand  againft  the  King's  armed  Power 
and  Sword  of  \Var,  tranfcends  my  Capacity  to 
imagine  :  Therefore,  if  we  have  not  loft  both  our 
Brains  and  Confciences  too,  we  cannot  but  vote 
and  conclude  it  fatisfa&ory,  and  reft  abundantly 
contented  with,  yea  exceeding  thankful  for,  it  j  and 
that  upon  all  thefe  enfuing  Confiderations. 

Firft,  <  Both  Houfes,  in  their  Treaty  with  the 
King  in  February  and  March  1642,  demanded 
only  the  Militia  of  England,  not  of  Ireland  (c)  ;  yet 
fo,  as  they  did  leave  the  Nomination  and  Difpoft~ 
tion  of  the  chief  Commanders,  Officers,  and  Gover- 
nors of  the  Militia,  Forts,  and  Navy  of  the  King- 
dom, to  the  King  ;  provided  only  they  might  be  fuch 
Perfons  of  Honour  and  Trujl  as  both  Houfes  might 
confide  in  ;  and  likeivife  promife  Rejlitution  of  all 
Monies,  Forts,  Garrifons,  Arms,  and  Ammunition 
cf  the  King,  which  they  had  fcized  upon,  or  to  give 
him  prefent  Satisfaction  for  the  fame  ;  which  being 
granted  and  performed,  they  profejjed  it  Jhould  be 
their  hopeful  Endeavour  that  his  Mujejiy  and  his 

People 


(c) 
public 


c)  In  this  and  many  other  Inilances,  where  Mr.  Prynnc  cites  any 
Afts  of  the  King  or  Parliament,  he  refers  to  Hujbandt's 
ions  in  Sparta  and  Folio  ;  and,  for  the  Declarations,  &c.  of  the 
Army,  to  th^  original  Editions  of  them  in  the  fingle  Pamphlets  re- 
fpe<Sively  :  Infteid  whereof,  for  the  Reader's  Eafe,  we  have  let  down 
the  Pages  where  thofe  Vouchers  are  inferted  in  our  foregoing  Volumes  ; 
to  which  we  have  alfo  added  fome  other  Rcterences  cccafionally,  by 
way  of  Iliuftration. 

The  Matter  now  before  us  may  be  found  in  Vol.  X.  p.  285  and 
jlj:  IB  Vol.  XII.   p.    148,  156,  182,  196,  et  fcf, 


of    ENGLAND. 

People  might  enjoy  the  Blejjlng  of  Peace ,  &c.  to  le  de- 
rived to  him  and  to  his  Royal  Poftcrity,  and  the  future 
Generations  in  this  Kingdcm^  for  ever.  Whereas, December" 
in  this  Treaty,  the  King  dcnudeth  himfelf  of  the 
Militia  of  England  and  Ireland  too,  and  of  the  No- 
mination and  Approbation  of  all  Officers,  Com- 
manders, Governors  of  the  Militia,  or  Forces  by 
Sea  or  Land  ;  and  leaves  all  the  Forts,  Navy,  and 
Magazines  to  the  Houfes  Difpofal  only,  without 
any  Compenfation  for  his  Magazines  or  Arms  for- 
merly feized  by  them.  And  if  far  lefs  was  deemed 
fufficient  for  our  Settlement  and  Security  then,  much 
more  will  all  this  be  thought  fo  now. 

Secondly,  '  Becaufe  the  King  hath  wholly  ftript 
himfelf,  his  Heirs  and  Succcfibrs  for  ever,  of  all  that 
Power  and  Intereft  which  his  Predeceflbrs  always 
enjoyed  in  the  Militia,  Forces,  Forts,  Navy,  not 
only  of  England,  but  Ireland,  Wales,  Jerfey,  Gnern- 
fey,  and  Berwick  too,  fo  as  he  and  they  can  neither 
raife  nor  arm  one  Man,  nor  introduce  any  foreign 
Forces  into  any  of  them,  by  virtue  of  any  Com- 
miffion,  Deputation,  or  Authority,  without  Con- 
fent  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament ;  and  hath  veft- 
ed  the  fole  Power  and  Difpofal  of  the  Militia, 
Forts,  and  Navy  of  all  thefe  in  both  Houfes,  in 
fuch  ample  Manner,  that  they  (hall  never  patt 
with  it  to  any  King  of  England,  unk-fs  they  pleafe 
themfelves  :  So  as  the  King  and  his  Heirs  have  no 
military  Power  or  Authority  at  all  left,  to  injure 
or  opprefs  the  meaneft  Subjedr,  much  left  the  whole 
Kingdom,  or  Houfes  of  Parliament,  had  they  Wills 
to  do  it  ;  and  the  Houfes  having  all  the  Militia  by 
Land  and  Sea,  not  only  of  England,  but  even  of  Ire- 
land, Wales,  Guernsey,  Jofey,  and  Berwick,  to  affift 
and  fecure  them,  in  cale  he  or  his  Heirs  fhould  at- 
tempt to  raife  any  domeftic,  or  introduce  any  foreign 
Force,  againft  them,  is  fo  grand,  fo  firm  a  Security, 
in  all  human  Probability,  for  infuriug  and  prefer- 
ring of  our  Peace, Religion,  Laws,  Liberties,  Lives-, 
and  Eftates,  againft  reg.il  Force  and  Tynuiny,  that 
none  of  our  Anceftors  ever  demanded  or  enjoyed 
the  like,  nor  no  other  Kingdom  whaiibcvcr,  irice 

the 


Parliamentary  H I  s  T  o  R  Y" 
the  Creation,  for  ought  that  I  can  find  in  HiftorieS 
or  Republicks,  who  have  perufed  moft  now  extant 
December,  to  do  you  Service  ;  and  fuch  a  felf-denying  Con- 
defcention  in  the  King  to  his  People,  in  this  Par- 
ticular, as  no  Age  can  yield  a  Precedent. 

4  In  the  1 6th  Year  of  King  John  (b),  the  Barons 
having,  by  Force  of  Arms,  compelled  him  to  con- 
firm the  Great  Charter  at  Runningmead,  near 
J^indfor^  thought  this  their  greateft  Security,  that 
twenty-five  of  the  eminenteft  Barons  fhould  be 
made  Confervators  of  Magna  Charta,  and  that  all 
the  reft  of  the  Barons  and  People  fhould  take  an 
Oath  to  be  aiding  and  aflifting  to  them  in  the  Pre- 
fervation  thereof;  and  the  King  fhould  furrender 
into  their  Hands  his  four  principal  Caftles,  that  fo* 
if  he  infringed  this  Charter,  they  might  compel  him 
to  obferve  it.  This  was  the  higheft  Militia  and 
Security  of  that  Kind  our  Anceftors  ever  demanded 
or  enjoyed,  (which  is  nothing  comparable  unto  that 
now  granted  us  by  the  King)  who  refted  fatisfied 
therewith. 

3<//y,  «  Becaufe  the  King  and  his  Succeflbrs  are 
hereby  not  only  totally  difabled  to  raife  any  Forces 
to  opprefs  the  People,  or  difturb  their  Peace  and 
Settlement,  but  all  Perfons  difcouraged  from  aid- 
ing or  aflifting  them  by  any  Commiffien  or  Au- 
thority whatfoever,  under  Pain  of  High  Treafon, 
and  Lofs  both  of  Life  and  Eftate,  at  the  Pleafure 
of  both  Houfes,  without  any  Benefit  of  Pardon 
from  the  King,  difabled  for  to  grant  it.  So  great 
a  Difcouragement  for  any  Perfons  of  Fortune  or 
Quality,  to  appear  for  the  King  or  his  Party  in 
the  Field,  for  Time  to  come,  that,  in  all  human 
Probability,  none  ever  will  or  dare  appear  in 
Arms  hereafter  for  the  King,  againft  the  Parliar 
ment,  being  fure  to  forfeit  all  without  any  Hopes  of 
Pardon.  And  if  this  A£thad  been  parTed  as  a  Law 
before  our  Wars,  I  dare  prefume  not  any  one  Eng^ 
HJh  Lord  or  Gentleman  durft  once  to  have  appear'd 

in 

(I)  Sc-  Matthew  Part),  MatilnuWtfimir.fttr,  tJoUinJhtad,  Sfted, 
and  Daniel  IB  hi*  Life  of  ibis  Kme -—  Ail'o  in  cur  fc'irit  Voiume, 


of    ENGLAND.  319 

in  the  Field  for  the  King,  and  we  had  never  felt  the  An.  24  Car.  I. 
Miferies  of  a  Civil  War.  , 

4f/;/v,  *  Becaufc  the  Militia  of  Ireland,  Jerfey, 
Guernftyj  and  It  ales  as  well  as  England,  is  wholly 
transferred  from  the  King  to  the  Houfes  ;  fo  as  we 
need  fear  no  Danger  thence  :  And  the  Militia  of 
Scotland  being  in  their  Parliament's  Difpofal,  if  we 
hold  a  brotherly  Corrcfpondcncy  with  them,  I  know 
no  other  Enemies  we  need  to  fear}  for  the  Navy 
being  in  the  Houfes  Power,  we  need  not  fear  any 
foreign  Invafion  that  can  hurt  us,  if  we  can  agree 
at  home. 

4  All  which  confidered,  I  dare  aflert,  we  have  The  King  hatk 
now    the  greateft    Security  of   any  People  under  8ranted  the  P»- 

TT  •    n      11  i  i    T>  r>  Lament  the  Dif- 

Heaven,   agamft  all  armed  regal  Force  or  Power ;  pofal  of  alj  great 

the  King  having  given  up  all   his  Military  Power  Offices,  civij, 
into  the  Houfes  aftual  Pofleffion,  and  refigned  his  £f  cia};J"d0MU 
Sword  and  Arms  into  their  Hands.     And  if  we  re-  Years,  both°ia 
fufe  to  accept  it,    now  he  fo  freely  refigns  it,  we  England  and  lr»- 
may  fight  till  Doomfday,  but  never  win  nor  hope  land< 
for  the  like   Security  or  Advantage;   yea  the    pre- 
fent  Age  and  all  Poilerity  will  curfe  and  abhor  us, 
for  not  embracing  and  refting  fatisfied  with  fuch  an 
unparalleled  Security. 

4  But  is  this  all  the  Security  the  King  hath  grant-  TheSecurity 
cd  us  in  this  Treaty  ?  No  verily,  there  is  yet  much  »n<1  Conference 
more   behind  which  hath  not   yet;    been  opened.  tlicreof" 
The  Kings  of  England  have  always  held  two  Swords 
in  their  Hands  ;    which,  when  ill   managed,    have 
hurt  and  deftroyed  their  Subjects :    The  firft  is  the 
Sword  of  Mars  in  Times  of  War,  which  is  al- 
ready (heathed,  and  refigned  into  the  Houfes  Hands 
by  the  precedent  Conceflions,  fo  as   it  can  never 
wound  them  more  :  The  other  is  the  Sword   of 
Juftice,  in  Times  of  Peace  ;   and  this  likewife  the 
King  hath  wholly  given  up  into  the  Hutifcs  Power, 
for  twenty  Years,  as  he  hath  the  T.Tiiiiia  j   fo  that 
it  can  never  hurt  them,    nor  any  Engltjhtnan  or  o- 
ther  Subject  hereafter,  at  leaft  for  tvc-nty  Years. 

•'  This    Sword  was  formerly    intruded   by   the 

King  in  the  Judges  ar^  Jie  great  Ofikxrs  Hands  i 

had  they  been  io  coura^ious,  fo  upright  nn  tliey 

4  ihuuld, 


3«6  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY" 

An.  24  Car.  I.  fhould,  the  King  could  never  have  wounded  of 
t  l6*g'  J  ruined  the  meaneft  of  his  Subjects  with  this  Swoid* 
December  Ship-money,  Knighthood,  with  other  Grievances 
and  Monopolies,  neither  would  nor  could  have  been 
impofed  on  the  People  by  the  King's  Prerogative  or 
Power,  had  the  Judges,  according  to  Law  and  Du- 
ty, declared  them  illegal.  The  King  can  do  no 
Injuftice  to  any,  if  his  Judges  be  fo  juft  and  (tout 
as  to  do  Juftice.  Whereupon  this  Houfe  im- 
peached only  the  Judges,  not  blaming  the  King 
for  the  Project  of  Ship-money,  to  which  their  O- 
pinions  in  Mr.  Hampdens  Cafe,  gave  Life  and  Vi- 
gor. Now  the  King,  in  this  Treaty,  hath  for 
twenty  Years  at  leaft,  granted  to  both  Houfes  the 
Nomination  and  Appointment  of  all  the  great  Of- 
ficers, Civil  or  Military,  and  of  all  the  Judges  and 
Barons  of  his  Courts  and  Exchequers  within  Eng- 
land and  Ireland^  to  continue  in  their  Places  only 
quamdiu  bene  fe  gejjerint.  So  as  thefe  great  Of- 
ficers and  Judges  having  now  no  Dependance  at 
all  upon  the  King,  who  can  neither  place  nor  dif- 
place  any  of  them,  but  wholly  upon  the  Houfes  of 
Parliament,  and  fuch  as  they  fhall  appoint  to  no- 
minate them  in  the  Intervals  of  Parliament ;  if  the 
Houfes  have  a  Care  to  make  good  Officers  and 
Judges  in  all  Courts  at  firft,  and  to  difplace  and 
punifh  them,  as  they  may  and  ought  to  do,  when 
they  degenerate  or  mifdemean  themfelves,  the 
King,  with  all  his  legal  Power  now  left  him,  can 
neither  injure  nor  opprefs  the  pooreft  Subject  in 
Body,  Goods,  or  Eftate,  nor  protect  the  greateft 
Malefactor  from  Juftice.  And  what  more  can  we 
defire  or  expect  for  the  Security  of  our  Lives,  Li- 
berties, or  Eftates  than  this  ? 

'  Befides,  as  the  King  hath  intruded  you  with 
the  Sword  and  Courts  of  Juftice  and  Revenue,  fo 
hath  he  with  his  Confcience  and  Courts  of  Equity 
too  :  You  have  the  Nomination  of  the  Lord-Chan- 
cellors, Lord- Keepers,  and  Commiffioners  of  his 
Great  Seals  of  England  and  Ireland,  of  the  Chan- 
cellors of  the  Exchequer  and  Duchy,  and  Mafters 
of  the  Rolls,  as  well  in  Ireland  as  England,  who 


of  E  N  G  L  A  N  CT.  32J 

arc  the  Difpenfers  of  his  Equity  and  Confcience  to  An.  24  Car.  I. 
his    Subjects ;   the  Uluers  of  all  his  Commiflions,  t      l648' 
Writs,  Patents;  and  Keepers  of  all  his  public  Re- 
cords.     If  this  be  not  enough,  you   have  the  Dif- 
pofal  of  his  Purfe  and  Treaftire  too  ;  the  Nomi- 
nation of  the  Lord  Treafurers,  both  of  England  and 
Ireland ;  of  the  Chancellors  and  Barons  of  the  Ex- 
chequers in  both,  and   of  trie  Vice-Treafu'rer  and 
Treafurer  of  the   Wars    in    Ireland  :  Would  you 
have  yet  more  ?  You  have  the  Nomination  of  the 
Lord-Deputy  and  Chief  Governor  of  Ireland^  and 
of  all  the  Prefidents  of  the  feyeral  Provinces  of  that 
Kingdom  for  twenty  Years ;  and  of  all  other  the 
before-named  great  Officers,  Judges,  and  Treafur- 
ers there  ;  a  great  Strength  and  real  Addition  to  the 
Militia  of  that  Kingdom,   which  can   never  do  us 
Harm,  if  we  accept  of  thcfc   Concefiions,  which 
inveft  us   in  fuch  Power  there,  as  no  Parliament 
of  England  ever  yet  expected  nor  laid  Claim  to. 
What  is  there"  yet  remaining  for  your  Safety  ?  Per- 
chance you  will  fufpeft  the  King  may  have  many 
fbcret  Defigns  and  Intercourfes.  with  foreign   Ene- 
mies and  States,  and  grand  Malignants   at  home, 
to  undo  all,  which    we  (hall   never  difcover  with- 
out fome    further   Provifior.s    than   yet    we    have 
made.     Truly    no;    you    have  a  Remedy   already 
provided   and  granted  for  this  :  The  Nomination 
and  Appointing  of  the  Lord -Warden  of  the  Cir.^ue 
Ports,  the  principal  Gates   to  let  in,  or  keep  out, 
foreign  Enemies   or  Spies;  and  of  the  Secretaries 
of  State,   who  will  be  privy    to   all   his   Majcil)  's 
Secrets  and  Tranfaclicns  of  public  Concernment ; 
receive  all  Letters  of  Intelligence  directed  to  1. 
and  moft  commonly  return   all  Anfwers   to   them. 
There  is  now   but  one  Tiling  more   wanting    to 
make  this  Security  compleat  and  linn,  the  King's 
Great   Seals  of  England  and  I)\-lttn.l,  the  »vc:ileft 
regal  Aflurance  and  Confirmation  he  can  give  y,  u  ; 
and  of  thcfc  you  have  both  the  Cuitody  and  Ditpu- 
fal,  having   the  Nomination  and  Appointment  both 
.of  the  Lotd-Chancellors,  Lord  Keepers,  atld  Com- 
miflioners  of  the  Great  Seal  in  England  and  Jr. 
VOL.  XVIII.  X  «To 


322  The.  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o  R  v 

An  24.  Car.  I.        <  To  fum  Up  z\\  thefe  Grants  together :  Some 
^  __j   Parliaments,  in  former  Times,  have  had  the  Noir.i- 

Decembcr.  nation  of  the  Lord-Chancellor,  fome  of  the  Lord- 
Treafurer,  fome  of  the  Great  Jufticiar,  or  fome  few 
Judges  of  England  only ;  but  never  any  Parlia- 
ment of  England  claimed,  or  enjoyed,  the  Nomina- 
tion and  Appointment  of  any  of  the  great  Officers, 
Barons,  Judges,  or  Treafurers  Places  in  Ireland^ 
nor  yet  of  the  Lord -Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports, 
Chancellors  of  the  Exchequer  and  Duchy,  Secre- 
taries of  State,  Mafter  of  the  Rolls,  or  Barons  of 
the  Exchequer  of  England ;  and  yet  all  thefe  the 
King,  for  Peace  Sake,  hath  parted  with  to  us ;  and 
(hall  we  be  yet  fo  froward  and  peevifh,  as  not  to 
be  fatisfied  with  all  thefe  Offices  ?  We  have  a  long 
Time  mocked  and  abufed  the  World  with  a  Self- 
denying  Ordinance  (c)t  difabling  any  Member  to 
retain  or  receive  any  Civil  or  Military  Office  by 
Grant  from  the  Houfes,  whilft  he  continues  a  Mem- 
ber ;  though  there  is  fcarce  one  Day,  or  Week  at 
leaft,  doth  pafs,  but  we  are  ftill  beftowing  fome 
Plac6  or  Office  upon  Members,  for  which  we  are 
Weekly  cenfured  and  reviled  in  printed  Pamphlets, 
and  are  become  odious  to  the  Kingdom  :  But  here 
is  a  Self-denying  A6t  and  Ordinance  in  good  earneft, 
in  the  King,  in  parting  with  fo  many  Offices  (of 
which  he  and  his  PredecefTors  have  had  the  fole 
Difpofal  for  fome  Ages  without  Interruption)  to 
the  Houfes  ;  and  (hall  we  not  yet  reft  fatisfied  ?  If 
not,  what  will  the  whole  Kingdom,  what  will  all 
foreign  Kingdoms  and  Nations,  report  of  us,  but 
that  we  are  fo  foolifli,  fo  unreafonable,  that  nothing 
can  or  will  content  us,  becaufe  we  are  refolved  not 
to  be  content  with  any  Thing  that  the  King  mail 
grant  us,  be  it  ever  fo  advantageous  for  our  prefent 
or  future  Safety  and  Settlement  ? 

'  But  feeing  'we  have  the  Difpofal  of  all  thefe 
Officers  in  England  and  Ireland,  both  Military  and 
Civil,  of  his  Sword  of  War  and  Peace,  his  Juftice, 

his 

fc)  This  Ordinancfe  firft  took  its  Rife  from  a  Motion  fnude  in  th« 
Houfe  of  Commons   by  Lieutenant- General  Cromivell,     Theueiatc 
is  given  in  6ur  Thirteenth  Volume,  p.  376,  et^tj. 


of   E  N  G  L  A  D.  323 

his  Confcience,  his  Purfe,  his  Treafury,  his  Papers,  An.  24  Car.  i« 
his   public  Records,    his  Cabinet,   his  Great  Seal,         l648'      t 
more  than  ever  we  at  firft  expected  or  defired,  I    November. 
muft  really  for  my  own  Partj  profefs  myfelf  abun- 
dantly fatisfied  with  thefe  Conceflions,  and  fo  muft 
every  one  who  hath   fo  much  Judgment  as  to  un- 
derftand  the  Latitude  and   Confequences   of  them 
for  the  whole  Kingdom's  and  dying  Ireland's  Safety 
and   Settlement^    efpecially  at  this  Seafon,   when 
they  are  fo  near  their  Ruin. 

*  To  this  I  {hall  add  another  Grant  of  great 
Concernment  for  the  Peace  and  Safety  of  this  Na- 
tion, which  the  King  hath  fully  conferited  to  in 
this  Treaty ;  and  I  prefume  no  Member  of  this 
Houfe  will  reft  unfatisfied  therewith  when  he  fully 
underftands  ih 

c  Both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  upon  the  Lord-  The  King  hath 
Keeper  Littletons  deferting  of  the  Houfe  {JL  **&"***£****  . 

•  i        ^>i       5  o      i  i      /•   i      /•     new  Great  Seal, 

conveying  away  the  Great  Seal,  were  pleafed,  for  ana  all  that  hath 
the  better  Distribution  of  Juftice,  and  Tranfaftion  Pafled  under  it ; 
of  the  great  Affairs  of  the  Realm,  to  appoint  a  new  ™JUwhatever°ld' 
Great  Seal  to  be  made  j  the  Ordinance  for  its  Ap-  pafad  under  the 
probation  and  Ufe  (licking  long  in  the  Lords  Houfe,  Authority  there- 
who  were  fomewhat  doubtful  In  point  of  Law,  I  ^JVwa*™8 
thereupon  compiled  and  publifhed  a  Treatife,  in- from  the  Houfes. 
tituled,  The  Opening  of  the  Great  Seal  of  England, 
which  fully  fatisfied   them,  and  opened  the  Doors 
to  let  it  out  for  public  Ufe  ;  though  fome  who  have 
had  the  Cuftody  of  it,  as  you,  Mr.  Speaker,  know, 
have  but  ill  requited  me  for  this  my  Pains  and  good 
Service.  Many  Grants,  Commiflions,Prefentations, 
Writs,  Procefs,  Proceedings,,   and  other  Things, 
-have  parted  under  this  great  Seal,  and  fome  Pa- 
tents for  Offices  and  Bifhops  Lands  to  Members  of 
this  Houfe,  who  differ  in  Opinion  from   me,  and 
yet  would  be  glad  to  have  their  Patents  confirmed 
by    an  A£t    of   Parliament :    The    King,  in  this 
Treaty   hath  not  only  confcnted   to  ratify  all   the 
Grants,  &c.  that  have  paifcd  under  this  new  Great 
Seal,  by  A6t  of  Parliament,   and  to  ena£t  them  to 
X  2  be 

(</)  The  Manner  of  the  Lord-Keeper's  lc.iving  the  Parlitmenr,  and 
his  Reafons  fer  fo  doing,  may  be  found  in  our  Eleventh  Volume 
p.  47  and"  123. 


3 14  *The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  l.be  as  effectual  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  as  if 
l64*-  they  had  pafled  under  any  other  Great  Seal  of  En- 
Decembcr  gland  heretofore  ufed ;  but  to  continue  it  to  be  ufed 
hereafter  for  the  Great  Seal  of  England:  And  hath 
likewife  fo  far  difclaimed  his  old  Great  Seal,  from 
the  Day  it  was  carried  from  the  Parliament,  that 
he  is  content  to  make  and  declare  all  Grants,  Com- 
miffions,  Prefentations,  Writs,  Procefs,  Proceed- 
ings, and  other  Things  whatfoever,  pafled  under 
or  by  any  Authority  of  any  other  Great  Seal,  ftnce 
the  22d  of  May  1642,  to  be  invalid  and  of 'no 
Effect,  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  except  one 
Grant  to  Mr.  Juftice  Bacon,  to  be  Judge  of  the 
King's  Bench,  and  fome  other  Writs,  Procefs,  and 
Commifilons  mentioned  in  that  Proportion  :  And 
he  hath  further  yielded,  That  all  Grants  of  Offices, 
Lands,  Tenements,  or  Hereditaments,  made  or 
pafled  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Ireland,  unto  any 
Perfon  or  Perfons,  or  Body  Politic,  fince  the  Cef- 
fation  in  Ireland,  the  I5th  of  September,  1642,  mall 
be  null  and  void,  with  all  Honours  and  Titles  con- 
ferred on  any  Perfon  or  Perfons  in  that  Realm  fince 
that  Ceflation. 

'  By  this  Conceffion  the  Houfes  of  Parliament, 
and  their  Adherents,  have  gained  thefe  extraordi- 
nary Advantages,  moft  of  them  not  to  be  parallel'd 
in  any  Age  or  King,  from  Adam  till  this  prefent : 

!/?,  An  Acknowledgment  of  both  Houfes  Au- 
thority to  make  and  ufe  a  new  Great  Seal  of  En' 
gland,  without  the  King,  in  Cafes  of  extraordinary 
Neceflity. 

idly,  *•  A  Power  in  the  Houfes  to  null  and  void 
the  King's  ufual  Great  Seal  upon  the  making  of 
their  New,  and  conveying  the  old  Seal  from  the 
Houfes  without  their  Confent. 

3^/y,  '  A  Ratification  of  all  judicial  and  mini- 
fterial  A&s,  Writs,  Procefs,  Prefentations,  Grants, 
Decrees,  Commiffions,  and  other  Things  which 
have  pafled  under  the  new  Great  Seal,  fince  its 
making  till  this  prefent ;  which  tends  much  to  the 
Quiet  and  Settlement  of  many  Men's  Eftates ;  to 
the  Confirmation  and  Juftification  of  all  legal  Pr  j- 


^ENGLAND.  325 

ceedings  in  all  Courts  of  Juftice,  and  at  all  Affixes  An-  *4  Car.  I. 

and  Seffions  of  Peace,  held  by  virtue  of  Commif-. 

(ions  under  this  Seal,  and  of  Juftices  appointed  by 

it  (whofc    Authority   and    Proceedings   might  elfe 

hereafter    prove     disputable,    and    be    drawn   into 

Queftion)  ;  and  to   the  right  Conftitution  of  the 

Par! iament    itfelf,  many    Members   of  this   Houfe 

being  ek&ed,  and  fome  Members  and  AiEftants  of 

the  Lords  Houfe  being  called  thither,   by  Writs 

under  this  new  Seal. 

4//;/y,  '  An  abfolute  Difavowal  ancl  Repeal  of 
all  Commiflions  whatfoever,  or  other  Things  paf- 
fcd  under  the  old  Great  Seal,  againft  the  Parlia- 
ment or  its  Proceedings  ;  and  an  Expofing  of  all 
thofe  of  the  King's  Party,  who  have  atTted  any 
Thing  by  any  Commiffion  or  Authority  under  that 
Seal  againft  the  Parliament,  to  public  Juftice,  who 
cannot  plead  it  in  Bar  or  Excufe  in  any  Court,  af- 
ter  it  (hall  be  nulled  and  repealed  by  an  A£t. 

5/^/C,  '  A  great  Difparagement,  Difhonotir,  and 
Disadvantage  to  the  Englljh  Cavaliers,  Irift)  R,  bels, 
and  their  Caufe  and  Proceedings  ;  with  a  future  dif- 
engaging  of  them,  and  all  their  Party,  from  the 
King  and  his  Intcreft,  who  hath  fo  far  dishonoured, 
deferted,  and  difclaimed  them,  as  thus  to  null  and 
repeal  all  Honours,  Titles,  Grants  of  Offices, 
Lands,  or  Tenements  beftowed  on  any  of  them, 
for  any  Services  done,  or  Afliftance  given  by  them, 
to  the  King  in  his  Wars  againft  the  Parliament  : 
A  very  high  Point  of  Humiliation  and  Self-denial 
in  the  King,  and  fuch  a  Blow  to  his  Popifh  and 
Malignant  Party,  that  I  dare  prefume  they  will 
never  engage  in  his  Behalf,  nor  truft  him  for  the 
future  j  which  will  much  conduce  to  the  Settle- 
ment of  a  firm  and  lading  Peace,  and  prevent  new 
Wars,  if  accepted  of. 

btbfyi  c  Indemnity  and  Security  for  all  the  Com- 
miffioncrs  of  the  new  Great  Seal,  againft  all  Scru- 
*  pies  which  muy  arife  upon    the  Statute  of  25  Ed" 
ward  III.  for  ufmg  and  foaling  with  it,  if  ever  the 
Times  alter  ;  which  eve.iy  prudent  Man  will    rea- 
dily embrace,  where  it  is  freeely  orlx-rcd,  and  r.ot 
X  3 


326  *fhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  pcevifhly  reject,  in  fuch  an  Age  of  Danger  and  In- 

l6+8- f  certainty  as  this,  in  which  no  Man  is  fecure  of  his 

Dtceirbr      Life,  Liberty,  or  Eftate  on  either  Side. 

*  The  next  Conceflion  of  the  King  in  this  Trea- 
The  Repeal  of    ty   is   this,  That,  by  Aft  of  Parliament,   all  Peers 
all  new  Peerages, made  Jlnce  Edward  Lord  Littleton  deferted  the  Par- 
nourf  herame°d     ^arnent->  an^  Conveyed    away  the   Great  Seal  on    the 
by  the  King;      2 i ft  Day  of  May,   1642,  Jhall  be  unpeer'd  and  fet 
with  the  Ccnfe-  by  •  and  all  other  Titles  of  Honour  and  Precedency , 
fences  thereof,  ^  Lordfap,  Knighthood,  and  the   like,  conferred  on 
any  without   Confent  of  both   Houfcs  of  Parliament, 
fince  the  zotb  Day  of  May,    1642,  Jhall  be  revoked, 
and  declared  null  and  void,   to  all  Intents,  and  never 
hereafter  put  in  Ufe  j   and  that  no  Peer  who  Jhall  be 
hereafter  made  by  the  King,  his  Heirs  or   Suaefforst 
Jhall  fit  or  vote  in  the  Parliament  of  England,  with- 
out   Confent   of  both    Houfes    of  Parliament.     "This 
Conceflion  of  the  King's  is  of  great  Concernment  to 
the  Kingdom,  and,  I  conceive,  without  Precedent 
or  Example  in  any  Age  or  King  in  the  Chriftian 
World. 

\ft.  e  It  fecures  us  from  our  formerly  feared 
Danger  of  a  Defign  in  the  King,  by  new-created 
Peers,  to  make  an  over-ruling  Farty,  at  any  Time, 
in  the  Lords  Houfe.  wherein  the  Jucncatory  of  the 
Parliament  principally  confifts ;  which  Danger  and 
Inconvenience,  by  fecluding  the  Bilhops  out  of  that 
Hcufe  by  an  Acl:  already  paffed,  and  by  this  dif- 
abling  all  new  Peers  hereafter  to  be  made  to  fit  in 
that  Houfe,  without  Confent  of  both  Houfes,  is 
for  ever  totally  prevented. 

idly,  '  It  gives  fuch  an  extraordinary  new  Power 
to  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  as  they  never  formerly 
enjoyed  or  pretended  to,  to  wit,  That  no  Peer  cre- 
ated by  the  King  himfelf,  or  by  the  King  or  Lords 
in  Parliament,  (who  ufually  created  Peers  in  Par- 
liament without  the  Commons  Privity  or  Confent 
in  former  Times)  fhall  be  henceforth  enabled  to 
fit  or  vote  as  Peers  of  Parliament,  but  by  Confent 
of  the  Houfe  of  Commons  as  well  as  of  the  King 
and  Lords  :  By  which  Provifion  the  Commons  are 
made  not  only,  in  fome  Senfe,  the  Judges  of  Peers 

them- 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  327 

themfelves,  (which  they  could  not  try  or  judge  An.  14  Car.  I. 
before  by  the  exprefs  Letter  of  Magna  Charta^  and  ,     '  *8'       , 
the  Common  Law)  (e]  but  even  their  very  Creators     pcccmb«r. 
too. 

3^/y,  *  It  puts  an  extraordinary  Prejudice  and 
Blemifti  on  the  King's  Caufe,  and  an  extream  Dif- 
honour,  DifTatisfa&ion,  and  Difparagement  upon 
his  own  Party,  than  which  a  greater  cannot  be 
imagined  :  For  what  higher  AfYrpnt  and  Difgrace 
could  the  King  put  upon  thofe  Nobl.es,  Gentlemen, 
and  others,  who  have  fpent  their  Eftates,  loft  their 
Blood  and  Limbs,  and  adventured  their  very  Lives, 
in  his  Caufe  againft  the  Parliament,  and  received 
no  other  Reward  but  an  empty  Title  of  Honour, 
(perchance  a  Knightfhip,  a  L^rdfhip,  or  the  bare 
Title  of  a  Marquis,  Earl,  or  Vifcount,  which  they 
have  enjoyed  but  a  Year  or  two,  with  little  BeT 
nefit  and  lefs  Content)  to  be  thus  (by  A&  of  Pai- 
liament,  with  the  King's  own  Royal  Aflent,  who 
conferred  thofe  Tides  on  them  for  their  gallant 
Services  in  his  Behalf)  fuddenly  degraded  and  di- 
verted of  them  all,  as  if  they  had  never  been  ?  A 
perpetual  Brand  to  them  and  their  Pofterity,  who 
muft  be  enforced  to  give  Place  to  fuch  of  whom, 
they  had  Precedency  and  Place  by  virtue  of  thefe 
Dignities :  Which  high  Affront  and  Scorn,  I  am 
verily  perfuaded,  will  pierce  and  break  many  of 
their  own,  at  lead  their  Ladies,  Hearts,  and  for 
ever  difoblige  them  in  the  higheft  Degree. 

4/&/X,  '  It  will  make  all  the  antient  and  new 
Nobility  and  Peers  of  England  lefs  dependent  on 
the  King,  and  lefs  complying  to  ferve  his  Ends 
upon  all  Occafions  ;  being  never  able  to  gratify  or 
reward  them,  though  ever  fo  ambitious,  with  any 
new  Honours  or  Peerftiips,  without  Confent  of  both 
Houfes  of  Parliament ;  whom  they  dare  not  dif- 
pleafe  or  difoblige,  for  fear  of  croffing  them  in  their 
defired  Dignities  and  Titles,  as  well  as  in  their 
great  Offices,  which  are  both  now  in  their  Dif- 
pofal,  not  in  the  King's  alone. 

X  4  «  In 

(/)  See  Caikfi  Stand  Injlltutn,  cap.  19. 


328  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

j.  Z4  car.  I.       c  }n  brjef  .  The  if  jng,  in  this  Conceflion,  hath 

/    manifefted  the  greatett  Humiliation  and  Self-denial 

December,      tnat  any  King,  fince  there  was  a  Kingdom  in  the 
World,  hath  done.     It  is  and  hath  been  the  antient 
and   undoubted   Prerogative  of  all  Kings  in   the 
World,  but  efpecially  of  the  Kings  of  England^  to 
confer  Honours   and  Dignities  of  all   Sorts,  efpe- 
cially Knighthood,  on  whom  they  {hall  think  meet, 
and  more  principally  on  thofe   who  have  merited 
it  by  their  Gallantry  in  the  Field,  as  Mr.  Selden 
proves  at  large  in  his  Titles  of  Honour,  and  others 
who  have  written  on  that  Subject.     Now  for  the 
King',  out  of  a  Defire  only  of  a  happy  Peace  and 
Settlement,  not   only  to  part  with  much    of  the 
Royal  Prerogative,  which  all  other  Kings  in  the 
World   enjoy,    for.  the  future ;  but  to  repeal  the 
Honours  nnd   Titles  conferred  by  him  on  his  Ad- 
herents,   for  Reward  of  their  Services   in  Times 
paft,  during  al]  thefe  Wars,  is  fuch  a  Miracle  and 
high  Degree  of  Self-denial,  as  no  Age  hath   pro- 
duced the  like  ;  and  that  which  moft  of  this  Houfe, 
had  the  King  prevailed,  would   have   rather  loft 
th-jir  Lives,  (had  they  conferred  any  fuch  Titles  on 
their  Generals  and  Commanders)  than  have  con- 
defcencled  to,  had  the  King  required  it ;  and  there- 
fore I  cannot    a^ree   with    thofe  over-cenforious 
Gentlemen,  who  fo  oft  inculcate  this,  That  they 
can  fee  no  Hun.iliatk  n  at  all  or  Change  of  Heart 
in  the  King,  when  I  find  fo   great  a  Change   and 
deep  a  Humiliation  in  him  in  this,  and  all   other 
aForernentloriec!   free  ConcelTions,  without  any  or 
Ihth  Hefitation ;  and  I  heartily  with    their    own 
Hearts  were  as  much  humbled  as  his,  and  then  I 
doubt  not  but  they  would  thankfully  embrace,  and 
reft  fully  fatisiied  with,    his  Conceflions   for  their 
own  and  the  Kingdom's  Benefit. 

'  The  ne^t  Proportion,  tending  to  the  Peace 
and  Settlement  of  the  Kingdom,  is  this  : 

'  That  the  King  do  give   his  Royal  Aflent  to 

fuch  Adi:  or  Acls  for  the  raifmg  of  Monies  for  the 

Payment  and  Satisfying  of  the  public  Debts  and 

4  Damages 


^ENGLAND.  329 

Damages  of  the  Kingdom,  and  other  public  Ufes  An.  *4  Car.  L 
as  fhall  hereafter  be  agreed  qn  by  both  Houfes   of        1648. 
Parliament  ;  and  if  the  King  do  not  give  his  Aflent      December, 
thereto,  then   it   being  done  by  both  Houfes,  the 
fame  (hall  be  as  vaiid,  to  all  Intents  and  Purpofes,  The  Proportion 
as  if  the  Royal  Aflent  had  been  given  thereunto.  J^  fofXyM 
To  t;  is  Propofition  the  King   hath   condefcended,  Of  public  Debt», 
fo  as  thofe  Acls  be  pafled  within  two  Years  after  Arrears,  &c. 
the  Treaty  ended  ;  which  the  Houfes  have  voted  tofe^^ 
be  fatisfaclory. 

'  This  Propofition  fecures  all  Monies  lent  upon 
the  Public  Faith  ;  all  Arrears  clue  to  Officers  and 
Soldiers  ;  yea,  all  Monies  advanced  by  any  who 
have  purchafed  Bifhops  Lands,  for  their  Lofies  by 
Reverlions  after  ninety-nine  Years,  or  any  prefent 
Rents,  to  be  referved  to  the  Crown  for  the  Ufe  of 
the  Church,  (with  which  thofe  Members  who  have 
purchafed  fuch  Lands,  or  advanced  Monies  upon 
them,  declare  themfclves  moft  unfatisfied)  and  all 
thofe  who  have  fuftained  public  Lofles  ;  Yea,  if 
the  King  denies  his  Royal  Alient  thereto,  it  ena- 
bles both  Houfes  to  make  a  valid  Act  of  Parlia- 
ment without  the  King  in  this  Cafe,  and  in  the  Cafe 
of  the  Militia  likewife  ;  which  was  never  challenged 
by,  nor  granted  to,  both  Houfes  in  any  King's  Rt  i^n 
before  ;  and  takes  away  the  King's  Negative  Voice 
as  to  thefe  Particulars,  which  thofe,  who  conclude 
the  King's  Anfwers  unfatisfaclory,  have  fo  much 
contended  for  ;  yet  now  ftand  in  their  own  Light, 
in  not  accepting  of  thefe  Conceflions  as  fatisfr.&ory, 
which  ftrike  at  the  Negative  Voice. 

4  The  next  Conceffion  of  the  King's  for  the  The  Court  of 
Settlement  of  the  State,  is  the  taking  away  of  the  Wards,  Tenures 
Court  of  Wards,  and  of  all  Wardlhips  and  Tenures  ^Srii  with 
in  CapitC)  or  by   Knights  Service,  which  draw  on  the  Advantages 
Wardfliips,    Premier  Sciiins,    Liveries,    and   fuchtheriof> 
like    Incumbrances,   to    the    intolerable    Vafialage 
arjd  Prejudice  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry  of  Eng- 
land, and    great    landed   Perfons  ;    and   that  only 
upon  giving  the  King  and  his  Succellbrs  100,000 /. 
yearly  for  Gompenfation,  being  one  principal  Part 
of  his  Royal  Revenue. 

1  This 


3  3°  *?be  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

A"'  7  £ar<  I§       *  ™s  Conceffion  is  of  fo  vaft  Confequencc  to 
t^r  ijt  the  Kingdom,  to  enfranchife  the  Subjects  from  the 

December.  Norman  Yoke  of  Bondage,  (as  fome  ftile  Ward- 
fhips  and  Tenures  in  Capite,  though  others  deem 
them  more  antient  than  William  the  Conqueror) 
that  our  Anceftors  never  enjoyed  the  like :  It  ex- 
empts Men's  Heirs  under  Age,  and  their  Eftates, 
from  being  made  a  Prey  to  hungry  Courtiers,  or 
Committees,  over-reaching  them  and  their  Eftates  : 
It  exempts  them  from  being  married  to  any  againft 
their  free  Confents,  without  any  fmgle  or  double 
Forfeiture  of  the  Values  of  their  Marriages,  to 
which  they  were  formerly  liable  ;  from  Marriages 
to  Perfons  of  fmall,  or  none,  or  broken  Fortunes, 
and  different  Difpofitions,  which  have  ruined  many 
Families  ;  from  many  chargeable  Suits,  Expences, 
and  exceffive  Fees  and  Gratuities  to  Efcheators, 
Feodaries,  and  all  Sorts  of  griping  Officers  in  the 
Court  of  Wards ;  and  from  vaft  Expences  and 
extraordinary  Vexation  in  rinding  and  traverfing 
Offices,  fuing  out  Liveries,  &c.  and  many  Suits 
and  Queftions  arifing  thereupon,  which  have  un- 
done too  many  :  And  it  deprives  the  King  of 
fuch  an  over-awing  Prerogative  over  the  Perfons 
and  Eftates  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry,  which 
ufually  fell  into  his  Cuftody  after  every  Tenant's 
Deceafe,  as  will  very  much  weaken  his  Intereft 
in,  and  their  over-much  Dependance  on  him  ;  and 
make  them  lefs  fubjecl:  to  engage  for  or  with  him 
againft  ths  Parliament's  or  Kingdom's  common 
Intereft. 

SLnSJoT1  *  The  next  Proportion  relating  to  the  Kingdom's 
linquents,  how  Safety  and  Settlement,  not  fo  immediately  and  di- 
f<ir|""fei*.  *venrec~tly  as  any  of  the  former,  is  that  which  concerns 
Delinquents ;  in  which  alone,  as  to  the  State,  the 
King's  Anfvvers  are  pretended  unfatisfa&ory  ;  not 
in  all,  but  only  in  fome  Particulars,  of  no  extra- 
ordinary Concernment,  in  my  Apprehenfion,  tho* 
fo  much  infifted  on  by  many,  as  to  vote  all  the 
Treaty  unfatisfa&ory.  In  opening  the  State  of  the 
King's  Anfwers  to  this  Proportion,  I  (hall  do  thefe 
three  Things  : 


^ENGLAND.  331 

<  I  fhall  (hew  how  far  the  King  and  you 
are  both  agreed. 

Secondly,  «  In    what  Particulars   you    really   or     ^~ 

r  «          i  I«IT»  UcCeifiDcr* 

feemmgly  differ. 

Thirty,  «  I  fhall  examine  whether  thefe  Diffe- 
eences  herein  be  of  any  fuch  Moment,  as  to  induce 
the  Houfe  to  vote  the  Anfwers  to  this  and  the  other 
Proportions  upon  the  whole  Treaty  unfatisfa&ory  ; 
and  fo  reject  and  lofe  whatever  the  King  hath 
granted  in  the  reft,  becaufe  he  hath  not  fatisfied 
cur  Demands  in  this  one,  and  two  others  concern- 
ing the  Church. 

*  For  the  Firft*  Both  Houfes,  by  their  Votes, 
have  thought  this  Propofition  touching  Delinquents 
fo  needlefs  to  be  infifted  on,  in  every  Pun£tiiio,  for 
the  Public  Settlement,  (which  will  certainly  more 
obftrudl  than  promote  it,  Mercy  and  Moderation 
beina;  the  neareft  Way  to  Peace  and  Union)  that 
you  have  reduced,  fince  the  Treaty,  the  Perfons 
excepced  in  the  firlt  Qualification  both  from  Life 
and  Compofition,  from  thirty-feven  to  feven  only ; 
fix  of  thofe  are  beyond  the  Seas  quite  out  of  your 
Power  (f),  the  feven th,  aged,  fcarce  worth  your 
Execution  (g).  The  King  confents  that  they  fliould 
be  banifhed  during  the  Pleafure  of  both  Houfes, 
whjch  is  a  civil  Death  ;  Banifhment  being,  next  to 
Death,  the  fevered  Punifhment,  and,  to  fome  Men, 
m.ore  grievous  than  prefent  Execution  :  But  if  that 
will  not  fatisfy,  then  he  leaves  them  wholly  to  your 
Juftice,  to  proceed  againft  them,  if  you  pleafe,  ac- 
cording to  Law  ;  and  promifeth  not  to  interpofe 
nor  pardon  any  of  them  if  legally  condemned  ;  only 
he  adds,  ex  abundanti,  That  he  cannot,  in  Jttflice 
or  Honour,  ajjent  to  any  Aft  to  take  away  their  Lives 
by  a  meer  Legijlative  Power,  ex  pojl  Fafto,  if  they 
have  done  nothing  that  was  formerly  capital  by  the 
known  Laws  of  the  Land,  by  which  he  leaves 
them  to  be  tried.  This  Anfwer  many  Gentlemen, 
who  have  fpoken,  have  concluded  very  unfatisfac- 

tory, 

(f)  The  Marquis  of  Nnocaftle,  Lord  Diglv,  Sir  Marmadukc  Lang- 
Jale,  Sir  Richard  Greenville,  Sir  Frtncit  Doddington,  and  Sir  Job* 
Byon. 

(Z)  David  jftn  kins,  Efy  one  of  the  Wtltb  Judges. 


''The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

tory,  and  made  many  large  Defcants  on  itj  becaufc 
they  did  not  rightly  weigh  nor  underftand  it;  when 
„  'rT~  as,  in  Truth,  it  anfwers  the  very  Propofition  in 
Tcrminis,  as  I  {hall  clearly  manifeft  to  all  who  un- 
derftand what  Law  is. 

i/?,  '  It  is  apparent,  that  one  of  the  firft  Quar- 
rels and  Caufe  of  taking  up  Arms,  on  our  Parts, 
was  to  bring  Delinquents  to  condign  Punifhment, 
according  to  the  Laws  and  Statutes  of  the  Realm  (/?), 
as  you  have  declared  to  the  Kingdom  in  many 


printed  Declarations ;  and  in  your  Petitions  to  the 
King,  you  always  defired  him  to  leave  Delinquents 
to  the  Courfe  of  Juftice,  not  to  cut  them  oft"  by  a 


meer  legiflative  Power,  when  as  you  could  not  do 
it  by  any  known  Law. 

idly,  <  You  have  profeffed  to  all  the  World,  and 
to  the  King  and  Delinquents  themfelves,  that  you 
have  taken  up  Arms  to  defend  and  preferve  the 
antient  fundamental  Laws  and  Liberties  of  the 
Kingdom,  and  to  oppofe  the  Introduction  of  any 
arbitrary  and  tyrannical  Power ;  yea,  yourfelves 
and  the  Army  likewife  have  declared  again'ft  all 
extraordinary  Proceedings  and  Trials  in  the  Lords 
Houfe  to  fine  or  imprifon,  without  any  Indictment, 
of  legal  Trial  by  Jury  or  Verdict,  according  to 
Magna  Chnrta  and  the  Common  Law  :  Therefore 
your  bringing  Delinquents  to  Punifhment  for  Life 
and  Eftates,  which  is  the  firft  Branch  of  this  Pro- 
pofition, muft  be  intended  only  of  a  juft  and  legal 
Trial,  as  yourfelves  have  always  profefled,  not  by 
a  new  Law  in  the  Pojlea  :  And  if  fo,  then  the 
King,  in  cafe  you  will  not  reft  fatisfied  with  the 
feven  excepted  Perfons  Banifhment,  is  content  to 
leave  them  to  your  Juftice,  even  for  Life  and 
Eftate,  according  to  the  known  Laws  of  the 
Realm  ;  and  will  no  ways  interrupt  your  Proceed- 
ings therein,  nor  pardon  them  :  Therefore  in  this 
he  fully  confents  to  the  Propofition. 

*  But  it  hath  been  objected,  i/?,  That  the  King 
denies  to  yield  them  up  to  Juftice,  or  to  have  any 
Hand  in  their  Profecution  ;  and  therefore  his  An- 

fwer 
(i)  See  Vol.  XI.  p;  309,  4*7,  431;  alfo  Vol.  XII.  p.  147. 


of   ENGLAND,  333 

fwcr  is  unfatisfa&ory :  2^/y,  That  this  Expreflion,  An.  24.  c.ir,  I. 

That  be  can  neither  in  Jujiice  nor  Honour  confint   to         l6^-8- 

any  Atf  for  to  take  away  their  Lives  or  EJiates,  is  as      D     v . 

hi^h  a  Juftification  of  them,  and   his  own  Caufe, 

as   poHible,  and  contradictory  to  the  firft  Propo- 

Gtion  ;  and  declares  the  King's  Heart  to  be  ftill  the 

feme  and  unchanged. 

^  '  To  which  I  anfwer,  I/?,  Both  thefe  are  fuch 

grofs  Miftakes  and  Inconfequences,  that  I  wondet 

how  any  Intelligent  Man  can  infift  upon  them : 

For  the  King,  in  pofitive  Terms,  if  you  will   not 

accept  of  their  Banifhment,  yields  them   up  to  a 

legal  Trial,  in  which  himfelf  muft  be   the  Prcfe- 

cutor  ;  the  Indictment  being  in  his  Name,  the  Pro- 

fecution  at  his  Suit  by  his  Counfel  at  Law,  and  the 

Witoefles    produced   on    his    Behalf,   as  all  Men 

know,  who   underftand   what  belongs   to   a  legal 

Trial.  Therefore,  to  infer  from  the  King's  Anfwer, 

that  he  difclaims  all  Profecution  of  them,  is  a  direct 

Contradiction  and  Falfhood. 

2dfy.,  '  The  King's  very  Condefcenfion  to  their 
Banilbment,  and  Forfeiture  of  their  Eftates,  for  ad- 
hering to  his  Caufe,  and  putting  them  upon  their 
legal  Trial,  is  an  exprefs  Difavowal  of  his  awn 
Caufe  as  juft,  and  an  Acknowledgement  of  its 
Badnefs  and  Illegality  ;  and  if  the  Parliament 
Ihould  yield  up  thofe,  who  have  acied  for  and  ad- 
hered to  them,  to  Banifhment,  Confifcation  >of 
Eftatc,  and  a  legal  Trial  for  their  Lives,  I  am  cer- 
tain the  Objeclors  themfelves  would  proteft  tbart 
therein  they  had  betrayed  their  righteous  Caufe,  and 
xlderted  their  beft  afFccted  Friends. 

3^//j',  '  Expreffiim  fticit  cejfiirc  taciturn  ;  the  King 
having,  in  direct  Terms,  jufritied  your  Caufe  and 
War  as  juft,  in  the  firft  Propofition  ;  acknowledged 
thofc  Perfons  exempted  in  this,  and  treated  for,  un- 
der the  very  Name  and  Notion  of  Delinquents,  to 
be  fuch,  in  this  very  Proportion  ;  and  confented  to  , 
their  Banifhment  and  Lois  of  Eftatty  cannot,  with- 
out apparent  Abfurdity,  be  averred  to  juftify  them 
and  their  Caufe  in  this  his  Anfwer,  which  yields 
Jhem  up  to  the  ftricleft  legal  Juftice,  as  Delinquents. 


*?he  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

4'tbly,  c  Thofe  Words  of  the  King,  fo  much  ex^ 

cepted  againft,  That  he  can  neither  in  Honour  nor 

December.      *Juftlce  confent  to   any  A£l  to  take  a^vay  their  Lives} 
who  have  aEled  any  Thing  by  his  Command^  ufed  and 
intended  by  him  only  in  relation  to  his  regal  Con- 
fent  to  a  new  Law  to  condemn  them  ex  pojl  FaSloi 
where  there  was  no  Law  before,  are  fo  far  from 
any  Exception,  that,  for  my  Part,  I  mould   have 
held  him  neither  juft  nor  honourable  had  he  omit- 
ed  this  Exprefiion.    For  can  it  be  juft  and  honour- 
able for  a  King  to  engage  Men  in  his  Service  by 
fpecial  Commifiion   or  Command,  when  there  is 
no  known  Law  to  make  their  Obedience  criminal ; 
and  yet   afterwards   to  give  his  Royal  Afient  to  a 
fubfequent  Law  to  take  away  their  Lives^  and  for- 
feit their  Eftates,  for  obeying  his  own  Royal  Com- 
mands ?  Suppofe  we  were  now  in  the  King's  Con- 
dition, and  he  in  ours,  and  he  mould  prefs  you  to 
confent  to  a  new  Law  to  make  all  thofe  who  have 
a&ed  for  you,  and  by  your  Commiffions,  in  this 
War,  Traitors,  and  to  lofe  their  Lives  and  Eftates 
for  it,  when  there  was  no   former  Law  to  punifti 
them  ;  would  you  not  all  give  the  felf  fame  An- 
fwer  as  he  doth,  that  you  could  neither  in  Honour 
nor  Juftice,  nor  yet  in  Point  of  Confcience,   ccn- 
fent  to  fuch  a  Law  ?  And    would  not   yourfelves 
and  all  others  proteft,  you  had  neither  Juftice  nor 
Honefty  in  you,  mould  you  be  fo  bafe  and   perfi- 
dious as  to  condefcend  unto  it,  to  betray  all  thofe 
you  had  engaged,  and  to  give  them  fuch  a  Requital 
for  their  Services  ?  Would  any  Perfons  ever  after 
honour,  ferve,  or  tiuft  you,  (hould  you  do  it  ?  Or 
could  you,  or  any  other,  honour,  truft,  or  ferve 
the  King  in  any  dubious  Employment  after  this,  if 
he  fhould    thus   unworthily,  ex  pcji  FaElo^  betray 
his  own  Party  now  ?  This   Anfwer  therefore  of 
.his,   clearly  difcovers  to  us,  that  there  is  yet  fo 
much  Juftice  and  Honour  in  him,  as  for  no  Fear 
or  Danger  to  ccnfent  to  fuch  an  unjuft  and  un- 
worthy A£l,  as  by  a  new  Law  to  cut  oft"  the  Heads 
of  thofe  himfclf  engaged  in  his  Service,  when  there 


^/ENGLAND,  335 

V?as  no  Law  extant  then  to  do  it ;  and  makes  it  more  An.  24  Car.  I. 
fatisfadlory  unto  me,  than  otherwife,  and  {hews  he^ 
doth  not  diflcmble,  but  is  real  in  his  Anfwers ;  and 
I  fhall  fooner  truft  and  believe  him  now,  than  if  he 
had  contented  to  fuch  an  unworthy  A61. 

,5//;/y,  *  This  Anfwer  is  both  juft  and  honour- 
able ;  becaufe  if  the  King  ftiould  aflent  to  a  new 
A6t  to  forfeit  their  Lives  and  Eftates,  he  would 
condemn  them  raihly  and  unjuftly  without  hearing 
their  Defence  or  Evidence ;  and  for  the  King  to 
condemn  any  for  Traitors  by  a  Bill,  without  hear- 
ing the  Canfe  or  Evidence  againft  them,  or  to  make 
Men  Traitors  by  a  Law  fubfequent  to  their  Of- 
fences, is  neither  juft  nor  honourable,  in  every  juil 
Man's  Judgment ;  and  of  very  dangerous  Prece- 
dent, as  Sir  Edward  Coke  (i)  informs  us,  the  Lord 
Cromwell,  the  Inventer  of  fuch  Acts  of  Attainder, 
being  the  firft  that  loft  his  Head  by  this  new  In- 
vention. 

'  *  All  which  confidered,  there  is  no  rational  Man 
but  muft  conclude  the  King's  Anfwer  unto  this 
Ilranch  touching  Delinquents,  to  be  fully  fatis- 
fadtory  even  to  your  own  Demands,  as  well  in 
Words  as  Subftance,  notwithstanding  the  Objec- 
tions againft  it. 

'  *  But  admit  the  Anfwer  as  bad  as  any  have 
made  it,  (hall  we  therefore  conclude  it  fo  unfatis- 
fadlory  as  to  break  oft"  the  Treaty  upon  it,  and 
involve  the  Kingdom  in  another  War,  of  which 
no  Man  can  know  the  End  or  I  due  ?  God  foibjd 
we  fhould  ever  be  fo  unadvifed.  The  Perfons 
whole  Lives  you  defire  for  a  Sacrifice  to  Public 
Juftice,  arc  but  feven  in  Number  ;  fix  of  them  out 
of  your  Power  in  foreign  Parts,  where  a  new  War 
will  not  reach  them  ;  the  feventh  an  aged  Man, 
who  may  chance  to  die  before  Judgment  or  Exe- 
cution pafs  againft  him  ;  you  have  all  their  whole 
jEftates  at  your  Difpofal  already,  and  their  Pcrfons 
too  by  way  of  Bani(hmcnt,  during  both  HouK  ; 
Plcsfure  ;  and  will  you  adventure  another  liven 
Years  War,  and  the  Lofs  perchance  of  70,000 

Men's 

(/'}  Faurtb  Injlitute,  cap.  i.  p.   37,  38. 


'The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I,  Men's  Lives,  and  as  many  Millions  of  Treafure« 

^  (   to  the  Ruin  of  the  Kingdom,  for  the  bare  Lives  of 

Dwember,  (even  Delinquents  only  ;  or,  in  Truth,  of  one 
alone,  who  is  fully  in  your  Power,  which  you  may 
take  away  by  a  legal  Trial  without  a  War  ?  Will 
not  all  the  Kingdom,  nay  all  the  three  Kingdoms 
and  the  whole  World,  cry  out  upon  you  for  fuch  a 
frantic  unadvifed  A&  as  this  ?  Yea,  and  for  fuch 
an  unjuft  and  wicked  Refolution,  to  hazard  the 
Lives,  and  (bed  the  Blood,  of  many  thoufand  in- 
nocent and  gallant  Men  to  take  away  the  Head  of 
one,  or  only  of  feven,  vile  Delinquents  ;  the  fpa- 
ring  of  whofe  Lives  will  more  conduce  to  Settle- 
ment, and  real  Unity,  than  their  Deaths  by  the 
Ax  of  Juftide  ?  (k)  For  fhame  then  let  us  not  vote 
the  King's  Anfwer  to  this  Branch  of  Delinquents 
fo  unfatisfa£tory,  as  to  break  off  and'  Id'te  all  upon1 
it,  fince  I  have  proved  it  fully  fatisfe&ory  in  all 
Things  to  your  own  laft  Demands. 

1  As  to  the  Delinquents  fpec/fied  in  the  feconJ 
and  third  Qualification,  the  KSnjg  and  you  are  fully 
agreed.  Beildes,  the  King  confents  to  the  Exclu- 
fion  of  the  Delinquents,  fpecified  in  the  firft  Qua-* 
h'fication,  from  fitting  in  Parliament,  being  of  hte 
Councils,  coining  within  the  Verge  of  his  Court, 
bearing  any  Office,  or  having  any  Employment  in 
the  State,  during  the  Pleafure  of  both  Houfes, 
Thus  far  you  are  both  agreed  5  only  he  defiresthis 
Mitigation  of  their  Penalty,  in  cafe  they  (hall  of- 
fend herein,  that  they  may  not  be  guilty  of  High 
Treafon,  and  uncapable  of  any  Pardon,  and  forfeit 
all  their  Eftates ;  nor  that  thofe  who  (hall  return 
from  Banimment  without  Leave,  may  incur  fo  high 
a  Penalty,  but  a  more  moderate,  fuitable  to  the 
Law  they  (hall  offend*  And,  to  break  only  upon 
this  Excefs  and  Extremity  of  Punimment,  (too 
high  even  in  many  wife  Mens  Opinions  for  fuch 
Offences,  and  of  dangerous  Precedent  to  Pofterity, 
it  being  the  Wifdom  of  our  Anceftors,  to  make  as 
few  (I)  new  Treafons  as  poffible,  as  being  only  for 

the 

(*)  z  Cb-on,  xxviii.   10,  to   16. 
(/;  Raftalls  Abridgement,  under  the  Tide  7Vc<*/i0. 


^ENGLAND.'  337 

the  King's  Advantage  and  People's  Prejudice)  when  An.  24  Car.  r. 
a  lefler  Penalty  may  as  well,  and  fooner  too,  pre-        l64&- 
Vent  the  Mifchief,  is  neither  fafe  nor  prudent.  ^  _     -      — r 

«  As  for  the  Compofitions  of  fuch  Perfonsj  the  >er'' 

King  only  defires  their  being  moderated,  if  you  think 
fit,  even  to  fuch  Proportions  as  the  Army  itfelf,  in 
their  Propofals  made  in  Auguft,  1647,  thought  rea- 
lonable  (tfz)  j  and  if  you  pleafe  not  to  grant  it,  then 
he  leaves  them  to  compound  at  fuch  Rates  as  you 
and  they  fhall  agree  ;  and  thofe  are  only  fuch  as 
you  have  already  fixed  on  in  former  Compofitions, 
from  which  you  will  not  vary ;  and  in  cafe  they 
will  not  compound  at  your  Rates,  you  have  then 
the  Benefit  of  all  their  fequeftered  Elrates  till  their 
Compositions  be  madCj  which  is  your  Benefit  and 
their  Lofs.  Therefore,  in  this,  though  forrie  have 
been  pleafcd,  without  any  Colour  of  Reafon,  to  af- 
fert  the  contrary^  you  are  both  fully  accorded. 

'  To  the  Delinquents  in  the  fifth  Qualification  ; 
the  King  confcnts  to  all  your  Defires,  with  this 
Exception  only,  that  fuch  delinquent  Minifters, 
who  are  not  fcandalous  in  their  Lives  or  Doc- 
trine, and  are  already  fequeftered,  may  enjoy  the 
third  Part  of  the  Profits  of  their  Livings,  for  the 
Support  of  them  and  their  Families,  and  be  ca- 
pable of  future  Preferments,  if  they  be  thought  fit 
to  enjoy  them.  This  fome  have  concluded  very 
unfatisfa&ory,  becaufe  it  craves  fome  little  Favour 
for  malignant  Minifters  :  But  I  befeech  you  con- 
fider  how  inconfiderable  the  Difference  is,  and 
how  juft  and  charitable  the  King's  Requeft  is  in 
their  Behalf.  Yourfelves,  both  by  Ordinance  and 
common  Practice,  grant  the  full  fifth  Part  of  the 
Profits  of  fequeftered  Livings  to  the  Wives  and 
Children  of  fequeftered  Minifters,  as  well  in  cafe 
of  Scandal  and  Infufficicncy,  as  Malignity  :  The 
King  deiircs  only  that  fuch  who  huve  been  fe- 
queftered meerly  for  Malignancy,  and  -are  not  fcan- 
dalous,  may  receive  a  third  Part  ir.ftccul  of  u  fif"th  ; 
and,  for  their  future  Encouragement,  having  fpcnt 

VOL.  XVIII.  Y  their 

(m)  Thefe  ate   |U«n,  at  Urge,  JD  our  Sixtc«alh  Volume,  p.  »!»• 


338  72v  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  Z4-  Car.  I.  their  Time  in  fitting  themfelves  for  the  Miniftiy, 
l64s>     j  and  being  fit  for  no  other  Calling,  and  having  loft 
December,      their  former  Livings,  he  requefts  only  that,  in  this 
Scarcity  of  able  Minifters,  they  may   be  capable 
meerly  of  future  Preferments,  for  which  they  fhall 
be  adjudged  meet,  in  fuch  a  Way  as  you  (hall  ap- 
•   point,  not  he  or  they  :  A  juft,  a  charitable  Re- 
queft,  and  that  which  yourfelves  have  done,  there 
being  many  able  godly  Minifters  of  imminent  Parts 
and  exemplary  Lives,  who  have  not  been  fo  clearly 
convinced  in  Point  of  Conference,  as  to  concur  with 
you  in  the  late  Wars,  for  which  they  have  been 
fequeftered,    and  have  fince  been  better  fatSsfied  ; 
and  God  forbid  that  fuch  fhould  be  made  utterly  un- 
capable  of  the  Miniftry,  and  they  and  their  Families 
fhrve  for  Want  of  Bread.     I  befeech  you  there- 
fore, of  all  other  Things,  let  us  not  break  with 
the  King  upon  this  Act  of  Charity,  of  Piety,  left 
all  the  World  condemn    us   for  Uncharitablenefs, 
and  judge  the  King  to  be  more  pious  and  chari- 
table than  we.     And  no  doubt  it  will  be  the  ereateft 
Charity  to  ourfelves,  to  our  Church,  our  Religion, 
our  Kingdom,  at  this  Time,  rather  to  clofe  with 
the  King  in   this  Particular,  than  hazard  all  for  a 
few  third  Parts,  and  to   be  as  charitable   as  his 
Majefly.     The  more  Charity  we  (hew,  the  greater 
Unity,  Peace,  Amity,  aiid   better  Settlement  we 
may  expect. 

The  King's  *  But  the  greateft  Diflatisfa&ion  of  all,  referred 

Son8toS°em" to  this  Head  °f  Delinquents,  is  in  the  King's  An- 
MarquisofOr-  fwers  concerning  his  prefent  recalling  of  the  Mar- 
mond  to  treat  qUjs  of  Qrmond's  Commiflion  to  treat  with,  and 
'  unite,  the  Aijfc  Rebels. 

'  To  which  I  anfwer,  iy?,  That  this  was  no 
Part  of  the  Propofitions  firft  fent,  but  a  collateral 
Emergent,  difcovered  fince  the  Treaty,  upon  Col. 
Jones's  Letter  («) ;  and  fo  the  Unfatisfaclorinefs  of 
the  King's  Anfwer,  as  to  this  alone,  can  be  no  juft 
Caufe  or  Ground  to  vote  the  other  Anfwers  unfa- 
tisfaclory,  or  to  break  off  the  Treaty. 

t')  In  this  Volume,  p.  114. 


cf    ENGLAND.  339 

2<//y,  '    The  King's    granting  of  this  Commif-  An.  24  car.  I. 
(ion  to  Ormond,  at  the  Time  he  did  it,  is  no  fuch        l648' 
heinous  Thing  as  many  have  made  it,  all  Circum-     December, 
fiances  confidered.     The    King,  when    the  Army 
would  not  clofe  with  him  upon  their  own  Terms 
the  laft  Year,,  (who  treated  with  him  without  your 
Privity,  and  againft  your  Orders,  even  then  when 
they  unjuftly  impeached  the  Eleven  Members   for 
holding  fetret  Intelligence  with  him  and  his  Party, 
of  which  themfelves  were  only  culpable)  was  {hut 
up  clofe  Prifoner  in  Canjbrooke  Caftle,  in  the  Ifle  of 
Jfright,  by  their  Procurement  (0}  ;  and  by  the  Votes 
of  both  Houfes  (/>),  proceeding  originally  from  the 
Officers  and  the  Army's  Projection,  promoted  by 
their  Declaration  and  Engagement  to  join  with  the 
Houfes  in  fettling  the  Kingdom  without  and  againft 
the  King  (7),  and  forcibly  parted  the  Lords  Houfe 
by  the  Army's  garrifoning  Whitehall^  and  billeting  a 
Regiment  of  Horfe  in  the  Mews,  to  terrify  them 
to  a  Concurrence  with  the  Commons  (rj,  quite  laid 
afide  like  a  dead  Man  out  of  Mind,  and  no   more 
Addreffes  to  be   made  to  him  by  the  Houfes,  or 
from  him  to  them  ;  and   no  Accefs  of  any  to  him 
under  Pain  of  High  Treafon,  without  both  Houfes 
Licenfe:    The    King,    in  thefe  Extremities,   the 
better   to  procure  his  own  Enlargement  and  the 
Kingdom's  Settlement  by  a  Treaty,  grants  a  Com- 
miflion  to  the  Marquis  of  Onnond  to  unite  the  Irijh 
Forces,  then  divided,  for  the  forefai.l  Ends.     Ex- 
tremities certainly  put  honeft  and  vviie  Men  too,  as 
the  Army's  Friends  grant,  upon  hard    Shifts   for 
Self-prefervation  ;  and  fuch  Extremity  put  the  King 
upon  this  of  Ormond  (5). 

*  The  King  is  Flefh  and  Blood  as  well  as  we, 
and  Nature  teacheth  him  to  ufe  the  beft  Means  hs 
may  for  his  own  Prefervation  and  Deliverance  in 
fuch  a  Strait :  The  Army,  the  laft  Summer,  rcfufed 
to  difband  or  fufter  any  of  their  Forces  to  go 
Ireland,  to  preferve  and  fecure  that  Kingdom,  on*/ 
from  this  Ground  of  Self-prefervation,  upon  which 
Y  2  they 

(,)  Vol. -XVI.  p.  33?.  f.  490.  (g}  If.-:.1. 

(r}  Ibid  493.  (')  In  this  VJijmf,  p.  ia6  tj  280,  (forftm. 


340  %fa  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.  they  would  now    enforce  you,  by  their  Remon- 
1048 '     i  ftrar>ce  and  marching  up  to  your  Doors  with  their 
December.      Forces,  to  break  off  the  Treaty  j  or  vote  it  wholly 
unfatisfaftory  ;  whence  moft  Gentlemen  that  differ 
in  Opinion  from  me  have  made  this  their  fole  or 
chief  Argument  that  the  King's  Anfwers  are  unfa- 
tisfa&ory,  becaufe  the  Army  would  elfe  not  be  fa- 
tisfied.     If  then  your  own  Army  may  thus  difobey 
your  Votes,  and  force  your  Confents,  only  upon 
a  Pretence  of  Self-prefervation  and  Defence,  when 
they  are  in  no  vifible  Danger,  the  King,  by  as  good 
or   better  Reafon,  in  this  Extremity  of  Danger, 
might  juftly  make  Ufe  of  OrmoncTs  Endeavours  for 
his  better  Safety  and  Enlargement.     And  if  fome 
Members    have  affirmed   in   this   Houfe,   as  hath 
been  alledged  in  this  Debate,  That  they  would  join 
with  Turh  or  the  worft  of  Nations,  and  call  them 
in  to  their  Afliftance,  rather  than  the  King  fhould 
come  in  by  Conqueft;    then  the    King,   by  like 
Reafon,  might  join  with  Ormond  and    the   Irijh^ 
rather  than  be  thus  laid  afide  and  deftroyed.     And 
what  we  ourfelves  would  do  in  his  or  the  like  Con- 
dition, we  cannot  juftly  blame  in  him. 

3/A^,  c  The  King  did  never  abfolutely  deny  the 
recalling  of  Ormond's  Commifiion,  but  only  fu* 
fpended  it  till  the  Treaty  ended ;  and  if  you  then 
clofe  with  him,  you  have  his  Engagement  pre- 
fently  to  revoke  it;  if  then  you  agree  with  him 
upon  this  Treaty,  your  Demand  in  this  is  granted, 
and  the  Danger  prevented  ;  but  if  you  will  not 
agree  at  all,  it  is  very  hard  Meafure  to  prefs  the 
King  to  a  prefent  Difadvantage,  who  is  like  to  re- 
ceive no  Advantage  by  you  ;  nothing  being  obli- 
gatory on  either  Side  till  all  be  concluded. 

*  In  fine :  The  King  hath  fo  far  condefcended  to 
fatisfy  you  in  his  final  Anfvver,  as  to  write  a  Letter 
toOnnond,  to  fufpend  the  Execution  of  his  Com- 
miflion  for  the  prefent,  and  engaged  to  revoke  it  fo 
foon  as  you  and  he  agree  in  future  ;  and  more  than 
this,  as  the  Cafe  ftands,  we  cannot  well  in  Juftice 
require,  and  welhould  hardly  grant  fo  much  were 
it  our  own  Cafe  as  it  is  the  King's:  And 
4 


cf   ENGLAND.  34r 

all  our  Dangers  may  be  prevented  by  our  Agree-  -An.  24  Car.  I. 
ment  with  the  King,  and  this  Demand  then  fully     t  l6*8- 
granted,  there  is  no  Reafon  to  vote  this  unfatisfac-      December 
tory,  uhen  we  may  have  ail  we  defire,  if  we  pleafe 
ourfelves.     However,  J  fee  no  fuch  Difference  be- 
tween the  King  and  us,  in  this  of  Qrnuttdiad  that 
of  Delinqents,    as   to  vote  the   final  Anfwers  to 
thern  and  all  the  rert  unfatisfaclory  j  and  fo  to  lole 
England^   diurefied    Ireland,    and    all    the   former 
Concefiions,  for  an   inconftderable   Diffatisfaclion 
in  thefe  two  Particulars. 

«  The  laft  Propofition  relating  to  the  Security  of 
the  St.ue,  is, 

*  That  the  City  of  London  Jhall  enjoy  all  their  The  Propofiticn 
Rights,    Liberties,    Franc'oifes  and  Ufages,    in  rai-  concerning  Lon- 
fmg  and  employing   the    Forces  thereof,  far  itt 

fence,  in  as  full  and  ample  Manner  as  they  ufed  and  k 
enjoyed  it  heretofore  :  That  the  Militia  of  the  City 
and  Liberties  the --f  of  Jhall  be  in  the  Ordering  and 
Government  of  .be  Lord  Mayor,  dldermen,  and 
Common  Council,  or  fuch  as  they  Jhall  Appoint,  to  it 
employed  and  directed  as  both  Houfes  Jhall  direct ; 
Jo  as  no  Citizen,  or  Forces  of  the  City,  Jhall  be  com- 
pelled to  go  out  of  the  City  or  Liberties  for  Military 
Service,  without  their  own  free  Confint :  That  an 
A<3  Jhall  be  paffed  for  the  granting  and  confirming 
of  the  City's  Charters,  Cujioms,  and  Franchifes,  no:- 
withjlanding.  any  J^snufer,  Mifufer,  or  Abujcr ;  and 
for  Confirmation  of  all  Bv^-Laius  and  Ordinance? 
made  or  to  be  made  by  the  Lord  Mayor,  Aidermcr., 
and  Common  Council,  concern;;;?  the  calling,  con- 
vening, and  regulating  their  Common  Council :  That 
the  Tower  of  London  may  be  in  the  Government  of 
the  City,  and  the  Chief  Governor  thereof  nominated 
and  removcable  by  the  Common  Council;  and  all  Props - 
Jitions,  which  JhaH  be  further  made  (*•.  <:  !>y 

both  Houfcs  Conjtnt,  for  iht  future  H'eifare  and 
Government  of  the  City,  confirmed  by  Act  sf  Par- 
liament. 

*  To  all  which  the   King  hath  full/  confcnted, 
fo  as   his  Anfwer  thereto  cannot  be  votrd  ur.Citif 
faclory  by  any,  but  fuch  who  envy  tlv;  City' 

Y  3  and 


342  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  I.  an(J  Security,  that  themfelves  may  the  better  feize 
v  '^'  j  and  trample  on  it,  to  its  Enflaving  and  Ruin. 
December.  '  This  Conceffion  is,  firft,  a  great  Honour  to, 
and  Justification  of,  your  Caufe  (/) ;  the  City  hav- 
ing beeji  more  cordial  to,  active  for,  and  bountiful 
towards,  you  upon  all  Occafions  and  Exigencies 
than  all  other  Parts  of  the  Kingdom ,  the  Har- 
bourers,  the  Relievers  of  all  who  have  fled  from 
the  Enemies  Tyranny  thither  for  Safety  or  Relief; 
yea,  the  only  Treafury  to  advance  Monies  upon 
all  Exigencies,  and  thole  to  whom,  under  God, 
you  principally  owe  your  Victories'  and  Preferva- 
tion.  Now,  for  the  King  to  honour  the  City  with 
fuch  Conceffions  as  thefe,  which  hath  been  moft 
hurtful  to,  and  deepeft  engaged  againft,  him  in 
this  War,  is  almoft  as  high  and  full,  if  not  a 
/  .  greater,  Justification  of,  and  Countenance  to, 

your  Caufe,  as   his   Confent  to  the  firft  Propofi- 
tion. 

idly,  (  A  great  Satisfaction  to  the  City  for  alj 
their  Services  and  Expences,  and  a  firm  Security 
againft  all  future  Fears  and  Sufferings  for  engaging 
fo  deeply  in  your  Caufe. 

3^/y,  '  An  extraordinary  Engagement  to  the 
City,  faithfully  to  adhere  to  you  and  all  fucceeding 
Parliaments  upon  the 'like  Caufe  and  Occafion, 
and  to  other  Corporations  to  do  the  like. 

^thly,  *  A  great  Security  and  Advantage  to  the 
whole  Kingdom,  whole  Weal  and  Safety  princi- 
pally confift  in  London's  Welfare,  its  principal  Ma- 
gazine, Mart,  Bulwark,  Refuge,  and  Military  Se- 
curity both  by  Sea  and  Land  j  wherewith  the 
whole  Kingdom  ftands  or  falls.  Had  the  King 
once  gained,  London  in  thefe  Wars,  the  Parliament 
and  all  England  had  been  quickty  loft,  without 
Hopes  of  Recovery :  which  will  be  in  a  fee u re  or 
recoverable  Condition  at  all  Times,  if  it  be  fafe 
and  true  to  the  Public  Intereft,  from  which  fome 
'  huve  ftudied  of  late  to  difengage  it  j  to  ruin  it  and 
the  Parliament  too,  which  were  always  free  from 

*  im- 

(/)  Vol.  XII.  p.  247-  Vol.  XIII.  p.  193.  AJfo  Fi.JIwJi-1     Col- 
ieFiuxi  in  2-varto,  \.  45  j  ar.d  Jn  Foliof  p.  ji  ar.d  49$« 


of   ENGLAND.  343 

imminent  Danger  whil/r.  cordially  united,  and  near  An.  *•.  car.  /. 
to  both  their  Ruins  being  now  disjointed.  j64&. 

'  Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  thus,  as  briefly  as  I  could,  V * 
with  Difcharge  of  my  Confcience  and  Duty,  run 
thro'  all  the  Proportions  which  concern  the  Security 
and  Settlement  of  our  State  againft  the  Kind's  arm- 
ed Violence,  or  exorbitant  Civil  Sword  or  Preroga- 
tive, and  other  Particulars  relating  to  its  Peace  ancP 
Safety,  with  the  King's  refpective  Anfwers  there- 
unto ;  and,  for  mine  own  Opinion,  I  humbly  con- 
ceive them  fo  fully  fatisfa&ory,  and  abundantly  fuf- 
ficient  for  our  Weal  and  Safety  againft  all  future* 
Dangers  and  Encroachments  on  our  Liberties,  that 
if  we  conjoin  them  with  thofe  other  A&s  the  King* 
hath  already  confented  to  this  Parliament,  we  can 
neither  defire  nor  expedl  any  Additions  to  make  us 
more  compleatly  happy  and  fecure  than  any  People 
or  Kingdom  under  Heaven. 

«  The  King  hath  already,  by  Acts  of  Parlia- 
ment, condemned  and  fuppreired  Ship-Money ; 
his  own  Monopoly  of  making  Gunpowder  and  Salt- 
petre; Fines  for  Knighthood;  Impositions  uponMer- 
chants  Goods,  Tonnage  and  Poundage,  without 
Grant  by  Parliament ;  Coat  and  Conduct-Money  ; 
Foreft  Bounds  and  Laws,  the  grand  Grievances  un- 
der which  we  groaned  heretofore ;  fa  as  we  need  ne- 
ver fear  their  Revival,  nor  any  others  of  that  Na- 
ture; efpecially  fmce  we  have  the  Nomination  of  all 
Great  Officers  and  Judges,  the  chief  Promoters  of 
them.  Befides,  by  Act  of  Parliament,  he  hath  for 
ever  fupprcfled  the  Bifhops  fitting  and  voting  in  Par- 
liament, a  great  Difadvantage  to  him,  they  com- 
monly voting  what  he  pleafed,  and  being  wholly  at 
his  Devotion  ;  together  with  the  three  grand  op- 
preffive  Courts  and  Shops  of  Tyranny,  Oppreflion, 
and  Injuftice  in  the  Kingdom,  (the  great  Terrors  of 
Men's  Spirits,  the  Invaders  of  their  Rights,  Mem- 
bers, Liberties;  the  chief  Enlargers  and  Maintainers 
of  an  unlimited  Prerogative,  and  Authors  of  all  our 
late  illegal  Projeds  and  Preflures)  the  Star-Cham- 
ber, the  High  Commiflion  and  Council  Table  ; 
the  King's  chief  Engines  to  fcrew  up  his  Prero- 
gative to  the  highcft,  and  lay  his  Subjeds  lowcft  ; 
Y4  to 


244  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  * 4- Car.  J.t3  which  a  Fourth  is  fmce  added  in  this  Treaty, 
l648- ^    the  Court  of  Wards:  All  which  being  totally  abo-* 
v"~"~^b<r      lifted,  the  King  hath  now  no  Court  nor  Inftrument 
left,  that  I    can  think   of,   whereby  to  injure  or 
opprefs  his  People  as  in  fo'mer  Times.     The  Op- 
preffions  likewife  and  Extortions  of  the  Stannary 
Courts,  and  of  the  Clerks  of  the  Market,  are  rec- 
tified by   A£ts  this  Sefiion  ;    yea  this   Parliament, 
by   Act,  perpetuated,  without   any   Power  in  the 
King  to  adjourn  and  diffolve  it,  till  all  concur  to 
diflblvc  it  by  an  Act  of  Parliament ;   and,   when 
this  {hall  be  fo  determined  for  our  future  Security, 
stnd  Redrefs   of  all  growing  Mifchiefs  which  may 
endanger  us,  there  is  a  Provifion  by  another  Law 
for  a  Triennial  Parliament ;   with  Power  to  fum- 
mon  it,  in  cafe  of  the  King's  Refufal,   without  him 
or  his  Writ,  and  Authority  for  the  Houfcs  to  fit 
for  a  convenient  Time,  (fufficient  to    redrefs    all 
Grievances,  punifh  all  public  Offenders,  and  fettle 
ufeful  Laws)  without  Difiblution  or  Adjournment, 
*  To  which  I  may  add  the  Aft  of  Oblivion, 
Pacification,   and  Union,    with    our   Brethren   of 
Scotland :    Upon  granting  of  four  of  which   Acts 
alone,  the  Houfe  of  Commons,  in  their  Remon- 
ftrance  of  the  State  of  the  Kingdom  (w),  Dec.  r, 
1641,    did,    with   much   Thankfulness^    acknowledge^ 
that  his   Majejly  had  pa/fed  more  good  Bilh  at   that 
Time^  to  the  Advantage  of  the   Subjcfis^   than  have 
been  pa£ed  in  many  Ages.     And  if  he  fhall  now  ac- 
cumulate all  the  fore- mentioned  Propofitions,  turn- 
ed into  Ac"b,  to  thofe  already  enacted,  with  fome 
few  Laws  more  for  the  regulating  of  fome  Grie- 
vances and  Conuptions  in  the  Common  Law  -,   the 
puniQiing  and  retraining  of  fome  public  Mifchiefs 
;tnd  Crimes,  and  Punifnment  of  Extortions,  (which 
will  be  readily  aflented  to,  there  being  no  Lofs  nor 
Prejudice  to  the  Crown  in  palling  them)  we  may, 
through  God's  Blefling,  in  all  human  Probability, 
if  our  Sifts  deprive  us  not  of  fo  great  a  Felicity,   be 
the  freeft,  happieft,   fecurefr,  moft  flourifhing,  and 
bell:  ordered  Kingdom  and  People   in  the  World  ; 
and  enjoy  fuch  Privileges  and  Immunities  as  our" 

Anceftorj 
'  («0  Vo?.  X.  p.  56,  ttjd. 


of   ENGLAND.  345 

Anceftors  never  fo  much  as  once  imagined,  much  An.  2^  Car.  J. 

Jefs  afpired  after.    And  if  we  will  not  now  reft  fatif-  v l6*8' 

fied,  and  thankfully  contented,  with  all  thefe  large  Dc«ember. 
extraordinary  Conceffions,  and  blefs  God  for  this 
Tender  of  them  to  our  Hands,  the  prefent,  and  all 
future  Ages,  will  chronicle  us  for  the  moft  unrea- 
fonable  and  ungrateful  Creatures  that  ever  fet  with- 
in thefe  Walls,  or  the  World  produced  fmce  the 
Creation. 

*  Mr.  Speaker,  having  now  at  large  demonftra-  the  Satisftao- 
tcd,  I  hope  to  every  rational  and  honeft  Man's  Con-  rinefs  of  the 
viclion,  the  Satisfa&orinefs  of  the  King's  AnfwersKin8**  Anfw«w 
to  all  our  Proportions  relating  to  the  Safety  and  Set-  J^JSi 
tlement  of  our  State,  I  fhall,  in  the  next  Place,  pro-  the  Church  and 
ceed  to  thofe  Propofitions  and  Conceflions  which  Religion. 
concern  the  Peace,  Settlement,  and  Security  of  our 

Church  and  Religion,  wherein  there  appears  the 
greateft  Difficulty  ;  the  moft  whereof  I  (hall  di- 
fpatch  with  greater  Brevity  than  the  former. 

*  There  are  there  Things  efpecially  which  may 
endanger  and  difturb  the  Peace  and  Settlement  of 
our  Church  and  Religion  i 

Fir/1,  c  Popery,  Popifh  Corruptions  and  Inno- 
vations, introduced  by  Jefuits,  Papifts,  and  fuper- 
ftitious  Clergymen  popifhly  addicted. 

Secondly,  '  Profanenefs. 

Thirdly ',  *  Prelacy  :  And  one  chief  Thing  to 
promote  Religion  and  the  Church's  Happinefs,  the 
Propagation  of  the.  Gofpel,  by  fettling  preaching 
Miniftcrs  throughout  the  Kingdom,  and  eftablifli- 
ing  the  public  Worfhip  and  Church-Government 
in  fuch  Sort  as  is  moft  agreeable  to  God's  Word. 

*  For  all  thefe  there  is  fufficient  Ground  in  the 
King's  Anfwers   to   our  Propofitions    concerning 
them,  to  vote  them  fatisfaclory,  as  I  humbly  ap- 
prehend and  hope  to  manifcft. 

*  For  the  firft  of  thefe  Dangers  to  our  Church  Propofitiom  »nd 
and  Religion  ;  there  is  as  good  Security  and  Pro-  Conccflioni  •- 
vifion  granted  us  by  the^King,  as  we  d'id  or  could  ¥^?0*  Po- 
defire,  even  in  our  own  Terms. 

i/?,  «  He  hath  fully  confented  to  pafs  'an  Acl, 
for  the  more  effetiual  disabling  of  'Jffuits,  Paptjisy 
tjnd  Popijh  RecttfaMts,  from  dijiurbirtg  the  State, 

and 


346        .       T7oe  Parliamentary  PI  i  s  T  o  R  Y 

An.  24  Car.  I.  and  eluding  the  Laws ;  and  for  the  preferring   of  at 
^648.  ^       new  (jail)  for  the  morefpecdy  Difcovsry  and  Conviffioti 

December         °f  ^ecufants- 

'idly,  '  To  an  Aft  of  Parliament,  For  the  Edu- 
cation of  the  Children  of  Papiftst  by  Protejian.ts^  in  the 
Prate/] ant  Religion. 

•$dly,  <•  To  an  A6t,  For  the  due  levying  of  the  Pe- 
nalties again/I  Recufants,  and  difpofeng  of  them  as  both 
Houfes  Jhali  appoint. 

tfhly,  «  To  an  A&,  Whereby  the  Praftices  of  the 
Papijls  againjl  the  State  may  be  prevented,  the  Laws 
again/I  them  duly  executed,  and  aftricler  Courfe  taken 
to  prevent  the  faying,  or  hearing  of  Mafs  in  the  Court  % 
or  any  other  Part  of  the  Kingdom ;  whereby  it  is  made 
Treafon  for  any  Prieft  to  fay  Mafs  in  the  Court 
or  Queen's  own  Chapel ;  and  fo  no  Place  left  for 
the  laying  of  Mafs  throughout  the  Kingdom,  no, 
not  in  the  Queen's  own  Chamber. 

yhly,  <  To  an  Act,  For  abolijhing  all  Innovations^ 
Popijfj  Superftitions,  Cfrcnjonies,  Altars,  Rails,  Cruci- 
jfixes.  Images.  Piflures^  Copes,  CroJJes^  Surplices ', 
frejlmcnts,  Bowings  c.t  the  Name  of  Jefus,  or  towards 
the  Aliar^  &c.  out  of  the  Churchy  and  to  prevent  the. 
Introduction  of  them  for  ''he  future. 

6  By  all  which  A6b,  added  to  our  former  Laws 
^gainft  Recufants,  I  dare  affirm  we  have  now  far 
better  Provifion  and  Security  againft  Papifts,  Jefuits, 
Popifh  Recufants,  their  Popifh  Pictures,  Innova- 
tions, Superftitions  and  Ceremonies,  both  for  our 
Church's  and  Religion's  Safety,  and  States  too, 
than  any  Proteftant  Church,  State,  or  Kingdom 
whatsoever  j  fo  as  we  need  not  fear  any  future 
Danger  from  Papifts  and  Popery,  if  we  be  careful 
to  fee  thofe  Conceflions  duly  put  into  Execution, 
when  turned  into  A6ts,  and  our  former  Laws. 

'  Secondly,  (  Againft  the  Growth  and  Danger  of 
galnftPiofanc- _,     r  / '    ,  .    &  ,  .    n      .  .   r        .    . 

^,  frofanenefs ;  his  Majefty  hath  condelcended  to  an 

Act  of  Parliament,  as  large  as  can  be  drawn, 
againft  all  Profanations  whatfoever  of  the  Lord's 
Day,  with  fevere  Punijhments  for  the  Profaners  of 
it  in  any  Kind ;  and  againft  all  fuch  as  Jhall  write  or 
preach  againjl  its  Morality  and  due  Observation : 
And  likewife  to  an  A6t,  to  be  framed  and  agreed 

upon 


rf    ENGLAND.  347 

upon  by  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  for  the  reform- An.   24  Car.  It 

»/£  an.i  relating  both  Univer/ities,  and  of  the  Col-  ^ 

leges  of  Weftminfter,   Winchefter,  rtw^Eatorv,  the     December. 

Seminaries  of  Learning  ?.nd  Education  of  Youth, 

to  ferve  and   rule    in   our  Church  and  State.     By 

which    two  Grants,   if  duly  executed,  all  Impiety 

and   Profanenefs  which  can   endanger  oar  Church 

2nd   Religion,  will  eafily  be  fwppreflfed  for  the  pj 

lent,   and  prevented  for  the;  future. 

Thirdly,  c    A  gain  ft  the   Danger  and  Revival   of  And  the  Revival 
Epiicopacy,  and  the  Appenda^--*  thereqnto  belong- cf  Piclac)'' 
ing  ;   the  Kiivj;  hath  clearly  condefcended  to  theft? 
particulars  in  T'er  minis : 

I/,  <  To  an  Act,  Far  the  AboKtim  of  all  Arck- 
bijhips.  Chancellors^  Gotitrruffaries,  Deans  and  Sub* 
Deans  ^  Deans  and  Chapters^  Archdeacons^  Canons^ 
Prebendaries ,  &c.  and  ail  other  Epifcopal^  Cathe- 
dral, or  Collegiaie  Officers  both  in  England,  \Vales, 
and  Ireland  ;  and  to  the  Difpofal  of  all  their  Lands 
and  PoJJeJJions  for  fitch  Ufet  as  the  Hvufes  Jhall  think 
meet :  So  as  there  ]•>  no  .Fear  at  all  of  their  Refur- 
reclion  to  difturb  our  Church.  All  the  Queftion 
and  Difference  now  bet-.vixt  the  King  and  Houfes 
is  only  concerning  the  Office  and  Power  of  Bifliops, 
and  their  Lands  and  Po'i-ilions;  in  which  two  I 
find  moft  Members  declare  ihemfelves  to  be  unfa- 
tisfied  •,  efpccially  thofe  who  hixve  purchafi:d  Bifliops 
Lands,  who  arc:  very  zcaioiu  in  that  Point  for  their 
own  Interests. 

'  For  the  clearing  of  thcfe  two  Scruples,  I  {hall 
examine  and  iebate  ihele  two  Particular^ : 
'    Firji,  c  How  far  the  King  hath  contented  to  the 
Houfes  Proportions  for  the  aboliftiing  oi  the  Office 
and  Jutifdiclion  of  Bifhops  in  the  Church. 

Secondly^  '  How  far  he  hath  eondefcended  to  the 
Sale  and  Difpofal  of  their  Lands  and  PoiVeffions  ; 
and  whether  his  Conceflions  in  both  thefe  be  not 
Sufficiently  fatisfadlory,  in  the  Scnfe  I  have  ftated 
the  Q^ieftion  in  the  Beginning  of  this  Debate.  ^.he  QjHHon 

'  To  the  firft  of  tht-fe  ;  it  is  clear  that  the  King,  ftated.  as  t«  the 
in  his  two  laft  Papers,   hath  abolifhed  and  extir-  ^'n 
pated  that  Epifcopacy  and  Prelacy  wliich  we  in-  fi^c 
5  tended, 


348  *flx  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I-tended,  and  have  fo  earneftly  contefted  againft  j  and 
^^  __j  contends  now  for  no  other  but  an  Apoitolical  Bi- 
December.  &op>  which  is  but  the  fame  in  all  Things  with  an 
ordinary  Minifter  or  Prefbyter ;  which  Bsfhop,  be- 
ing Apoftolicai  and  of  Divine  Inftitution,  we  nei- 
ther may,  nor  can,  nor  ever  intended  to  abclifh 
by  our  Covenant. 

4  To  make  this  evident  to  all  Men's  Confciences : 
The  King  hath  yielded  to  take  away  all  the  Power 
and  Jurisdiction  whatfoever  exercifed  by  our  Bi- 
fjhops,  in  point  of  Cenfure  or  Difcipline,  in  his 
former  Anfwer  ;  and  contends  for  nothing  now  but 
their  Power  of  Ordination  only  ;  and  that  not  folely 
veiled  in  the  Bifhop,  but  in  him  and  other  Prefby- 
ters  jointly  ;  yet  fo,  as  the  Bifhop  fhould  have  a 
Negative  Voice  in  Ordinations  ;  but  the  Houfes 
voting  this  unfatis factory,  becauie  that  the  Bifhops, 
for  three  Years  during  the  Continuance  of  the  Pref- 
byterian  Government,  fhould  have  the  chief  Power 
of  Ordination,  and  after  thofe  three  Years  the  fole 
Power,  there  being  no  others  vefted  or  intruded 
with  that  Power  after  the  three  Years  expired,  fo 
as  Bifhops  might  by  this  Means  creep  in,  and  get 
up  again  by  Degrees  as  high  as  ever  :  Thereupon 
the  King,  in  his  final  Anfwer  hereunto,  tho'  not 
fully  fatisfied  in  point  of  Confcience  but  that  the 
Power  of  Ordination  is  principally  vefted  only  in 
Bifhops  by  Divine  Authority,  hath  yet,  for  our  Sa- 
tisfaction, thus  far  condefcended  to  us  : 

I/?,  *  That  for  three  Years  next  enfuing,  during 
the  Prefbyterian  Government,  no  Bifhops  fhall  at 
^11  exercife  this  Power  of  Ordination  in  the 
Church. 

2dly,  *  That  if  he  can  be  fatisfied  in  point  of 
Confcience  within  that  Time,  upon  Conference 
with  Divines,  that  this  Power  of  Ordination,  fo 
far  as  to  have  a  Negative  Voice  in  it,  belongs  not 
upon  Apoftolicai  Bifhops  by  a  Divine  Right,  then 
he  will  fully  confent  to  the  utter  Abolition,  even 
of  this  Power  of  Ordination  in  the  Bifhops. 

^dfyy  '  That  after  the  three  Years  are  expired, 
if  th,e  Eying  can  neither  fatisfy  his  Houfcs  in  point 

of 


of   ENGLAND.  349 

of  Confcience,  nor  they  him  upon  Debate,  that  this  An.  t4.  Car.  I, 
Power  of  Ordination  belongs  Jure  Divino,  to  Bi- 
(hops  ,  that  yet  the  Exercife  of  that  Power  fhall  be 
totally  fufpended  in  them,  till  he  and  both  Houfes 
fhall   agree  upon  a  Government,  and,    by  A&  of 
Parliament,  iettle  a  Form  of  Ordination  ;   fo  as  if 
both  Honfes  never  confent  that  Bifhops  (hall  here- 
after have  a  Hand  or  Negative  Voice  in  Ordina- 
tion, this  Power  of  Bifhops  is  perpetually  fufpend- 
ed, and,  as  to  the  Exercife  of  it,  perpetually  abo- 
lifhed,  even   by  this  Conceflion,  fo  as  it  can  riever 
be  revived  again  without  both  Houfes  concurring 
Aflents.     And  by  this  Means  Epifcopacy  is  totally 
extirpated,  Root  and  Branch,  according  to  the  Co- 
venant, which  hath  been  fo  much  prefled  in  this 
Debate ;  though  the  Words  of  it  have  been  fome- 
what  miftaken,  that  we  therein  abfolutely  cove- 
nant to  extirpate  Epifcopacy  ;  when  as  the  Words 
are  only,  That  we  jhall  endeavour  the  Extirpation, 
of  Prelacy ^   that  is,   of  Arcbbifhops  and  Bi/hop^  &c. 
And  that  certainly  we  have  done,  and   in  a  great 
Meafure  accomplifhed,  fo  far  as  to  fatisfy  both  the 
Words  and  Intention  of  the  Covenant,  though  a 
concurrent  Power  of  Ordination  be  left  in  Bifhops, 
which  yet  is  now  totally  fufpended  :  For,  as  we 
covenant  in    the  fame   Claufe,  to  endeavour  to  rott 
out  Popery,    SuperJIition^   Herefyy   Schifm,    Pfofane- 
nefet  and  whatsoever  foa  II  be  found  to  be  contrary  to 
found  Doftrine^  and  the  Power  of  Godlinefs  j  in  the 
Extirpation  of  which  I  am  certain  we  have  not  pro- 
ceeded, by  an  hundred  Degrees,  fo  far  as  we  have 
actually  done    in  the   Extirpation  of    Epifcopacy 
(there  being  no  Fropofition  at  all  in  the  Treaty  for 
the  Extirpation  of  Hcrefy,   Schifm,  and  Errors,  as 
there  is  of  Epifcopacy)  ;   and  yet  the  Gentlemen, 
who  are    fo   zealous  for  the  Covenant,  pcrfuade 
themfclves  they  and  we  have  not  violated  it  in  thefc 
Particulars ;   therefore  much  Icfs  in  the  Point  of 
Prelacy  and   Bimops,  fince  we  have  left  them  no- 
thing at  all  but  a  mcer  Power  of  Ordination,  ac- 
tually fufpended  from  any  future  Execution,  but  by 
both  Houfes  Aifcnts. 


The  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o  R  Y 


The  King,-  by  abolifning  Archbiflhops5. 

_  and  Deans  and   Chapters^  hath  alfo  therein  a£tu- 

December.  *fty  abolimed  all  Bi&ops  too  for  the  future,  ex- 
cept thofe  who  are  already  made  :  For,  by  th£ 
Laws  and  Cuftom  of  the  Realm  (*),  noBifhopcan 
be  confecrated  but  by  an  Arehbimop,  or  fome  De- 
putation from  him,  in  cafe  of  Sicknefs  V  nor  any 
Bifliop  made  or  confecrattd^  unlefs  he  be  firft 
elecled  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter,  upon  a  Conge 
tTeJlire  iiTued  out  to  them  to  choofe  one.  Now, 
there  being  no  Deans  and  Chapters  left  to  elect* 
nor  Archbiftiop  to  confecrate  any  Biihop  for  the 
future,  there  can  be  no  Bilhop  at  nil  hereafter  made 
in  England  or  Ireland,  and  fo  the  Biihop  being 
thereby  abolimed  and  extirpated,  his  Power  of  Or- 
dination muft  be  deftroyed  with  his  Function,  as 
well  as  fufpended, 

'  All  which  confidered,  I  cannot  but  conclude 
the  King's  final  Anfwer,  as  to  the  Office  of,  and 
Ordination  by,  Biflaops,  to  be  compleately  fatisfac- 
tory  to  our  Demands  :  And  fo  much  the  rather, 
becaufe  the  King,  in  this  Particular  of  Ordina- 
tion, pleads  only  Diflatisfaction  in  point  of  Con- 
fcience  for  clofmg  with  us  in  this  feeming  Punfti- 
lio;  and  if  it  were  not  meerly  Conference,  (tho* 
fome  have  over  ramly  cenfured  it  for  a  meer  Pre- 
tence to  keep  up  Bilhops  ftill)  he  that  hath  granted 
and  yielded  us  the  greater,  would  never  conteft 
with  us  for  the  lefier,  nor  go  fo  far  in  the  Aboli- 
tion of  Epifcopacy  as  he  hath  done.  And  truly^ 
I  doubt  not,  but  his  Majefty,  by  Conference,  may 
foon  be  fatisfied  in  this  Point  :  Nay,  had  his  own 
Divines  dealt  faithfully  with  him  in  the  Ifle  of 
IVight^  he  might  have  been  eafily  fatisfied  in  this 
Particular  :  In  which  I  doubt  not,  by  God's  Blef- 
fing,  to  undertake  to  fatisfy  him,  both  in  Point  of 
Epifcopacy,  that  it  is  in  all  Things  the  fame  with 
Prefbytery  ;  and  that  the  Ordination  of  Prefbyters 
and  Minifters,  by  Divine  Right,  belongs  only  to 
Prefbyters  as  fuch,  and  not  to  Bifhops  as  Bifhops  ; 

who^ 

(*)  See  the  Ordination  of  Minifters  and  Bi&ops  in  the  Book  r>* 
Common  Prayer,  alfo  Stat  ,  i  et  z.  Pbi!,  et  Mar.  cap.  viii. 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  351 

who,  for  above  a  thoufand  Years  after  Chrift,  claim-  An.  24.  Ci 
cd  the  chief,  but  not  the  fole  Intereft  in  it ;  not  by 
Divine  Right  and  Authority,  but  meerly  by  Ca- 
nons  and  Cuftom  long  after  the  Apoftles  Times  ; 
which  I  have  proved  at  large  long  fmce  in  my  Un- 
bijboping  of  Timothy  and  Titus  ;  which  none  of  the 
Bifhops,  or  their  Patrons,  ever  yet  attempted  to  an- 
fwer,  though  I  particularly  challenged  them  to  do 
it. 

Only  this  I  fhall  now  fay,  in  brief,  for  fome  Sa- 
tisfaction in  the  Point,  to  other  Members  : 

I/?,  '  That  there  is  no  one  Text  of  Scripture  to 
prove  that  Bi{hops,y#tt?  Divino,  are  diftinct  from 
Prefbyters  in  any  Thing,  much  lefs  in  this  Parti- 
cular of  having  a  Negative  Voice,  or  fole  or  prin- 
cipal Intereft,  as  Bifhops  fo  diftinguifhed,  in  the 
Power  of  Ordination ;  but  a  direct:  Text  to  the  con- 
trary, i  Tim.  iv.  14.  to  omit  others. 

idly,  c  That  the  Pretence  of  appropriating  Or- 
dination to  Bimops,  diftincl:  from  Prefbyters,   by 
Divine  Right,   is  grounded   upon  thefe  two   grofs 
Miftakes,  that   Timothy    and   Titus  were   Bimops 
properly  fo  called,  the  one  of  Ephefus,  the  other  of 
Crete ,  and  that  this  Power  of  ordaining  Elders  was 
vefted  in  them,  quatenus   Bimops  only,    and  not 
otherwife,  by  Divine  Inftitution.     For  Proof  of  the 
firft,    the   Poftfcripts  of  Paul's  Epiftles  to   them 
(and  not  one  Text  of  Scripture)  are  cited  ;  and  the 
I  Tim.  v.  22.  Tit.  i.  5.  relating  only  to  Ordination, 
for  the  latter.     But  it  is  as  clear  as  the  Noon-Day 
Sun,  by  Scripture,  that  Timothy  was  never  a  Bi- 
fhop  properly  fo  called,  much  kfs  the  firft  or  fole 
Bifhop  of  Ephcfus,  as  is  evident  by  fundry  Texts, 
efpecially  by  Acls  xx.  4,  5,  6,  15,  17,  18,  28,  29, 
30,  31,  compared   together ;   nor  Titus  a  Bimop, 
properly    fo  termed,    diftincl:    from    a  Preibyter ; 
much  lefs  the  firft  or  fole  Biihop  of  Crete  :  Nor  do 
either  of  thofe  Texts  prove  that  they  had  the  Power 
of  Ordination  by  Divine  Right  vefted  in  them  two, 
merely  as  Bifhops,  diftincl  from,  or  fuperior  to, 
Prefbyters,  as  I  have  undeniably  manifefted  in  my 
Unbijboping  of  Timothy  and  Titus.     And  as  for 

the 


352  <fbe  Parliamentary  H  i  s  t  o  £  * 

An.  14.  Car.  I.  the  Poftfcripts  to  thefe  Epiftles,  terming  Timothy 
ordained frjl  Bijhop  0/Ephefus,  and  Titus  o/  Crete, 
they  are  no  Part  of  the  Text ;  but  firft  extant  in,  and 
invented  by,  Qectihienius  (y]  (not  the  moft  authentic^ 
Author)  above  1050  Years  after  Chrift,  and  an- 
nexed only  to  the  End  of  his  Commentary  on  thofe 
Epiftles,  not  adjoined  to  the  Text ;  and  they  are  not 
only  omitted  in  moft  Manufcripts  and  printed  Edi- 
tions and  Tranflations  of  thefe  Epiftles,  but  appa- 
rently falfe  in  themfelves,  as  I  have  at  large  de- 
monftrated  in  fome  printed  Books  :  Therefore  this 
Point  of  Confcience  may  foon  be  fatisficd. 

3<#y,  '  That  no  Bifhops,  for  1200  Years  after 
Chrift,  did  ever  claim  the  chief  Power  in  Ordina- 
tion by  any  Divine  Right,  as  Bifhops  ;  but  meerly1 
by  Canons  or  Cuftom  lorig  after  the  ApoftleS :  And 
that  in  the  primitive  Times,  before  any  Reftri&iori 
by  Councils,  Prefbyters  in  many  Places  did  not  only 
ordain  Minifters  arid  Deacons  without  Bifhops, 
and  Bifhops  never  but  jointly  with  Prefbyters  ;  but 
Jikewife  ordain  Bifhops  themfelves,  as  Jerom,  Epi» 
phaniuS)  Augujline^  and  others  aflure  us  (z)  ;  and 
fometimes  joined  in  the  Confecration  and  Inftalment 
even  of  Popes  themfelves  and  Archbifhops,  for 
Defea  of  Bifhops. 

4/£/;',  '  That  it  is  the  conftant  Tenet  of  all  the 
emtnenteft  Proteftant  Divines,  and  fome  learned 
Papifts  tooj  and  the  Pradice  of  all  the  Reformed 
Churches,  that  the  Divine  Right  of  Ordination 
belongs  originally  to  the  whole  Church  ;  but  mi-* 
nifterially  to  Prefbyters,  as  fuch  ;  not  to  Bifhops 
as  Bifhops  (a] ;  and  that  which  undeniably  clears  it 
wp  to  me,  is  this,  That  in  the  New  Teftament, 
we  find  both  Apoftles,  fome  of  the  Seventy  Dif- 
ciples,  Evangelifts»  and  Prefbyters  equally  ordaining 
Elders  or  Prcfbyters  ;  but  not  any  one  who  is  once 
in  Scripture  ftyled  a  Bifhop,  either  conferring  Or- 
ders 

(j>)  This  I  have  fully  proved  in  my  V»l>fitpi*g  *f  Timothy  and 
Titir.  And  7L-i  Awfrtby  c/Englifli  frtlacy  to  Unity  and  Mafiarcbjt 
part  II.  cap.  ix. 

(z)  See  my  Unit/hoping  tf  Timothy  and  Titus,  where  this  is  largely 
proved. 

(f)  Ibid,  aad  in  Gerfon,  alfo  Butcrut  de  Gubernet.  Ecc!ef;ic. 


r/    ENGLAND.  353 

dcrs  upon   any,  much   lefs  eo  Nomine  &  y^rf->  as  An<  2*" Car- r- 

a  Bifhop  :  And,  fmce  the  ApoftJes  Times,  we  find,     v  I(     ' , 

in  point  of  Ufe  and  Practice,  Popes,  Patriarchs,  December. 
Archbimops,  Metropolitans,  Cardinals,  Abbots, 
in  fome  Places,  (who  are  not  Jure  Divtno,  nor 
Bimops  properly  fo  called,  but  diilinguifhcd  from 
them  in  Degree)  ordaining  Prefbyfers  and  Mini- 
fters,  as  well  as  Bimops,  quatenus  Bimops  ;  and 
that  never  by  themfelves,  but  all  by  the  Prefbyters 
joint  Concurrence  then  prefent;  who,  by  the  fourth 
Council  Of  Carthage^  the  Canon  Law,  the  very 
Canons  of  Trent  alfo,  and  our  own  Book  of 
Ordination  and  our  Canons,  ought  alfo  to  join 
with  them  in  the  Ordination  :  Now,  all  thefe  di- 
ftinct  Orders  and  Degrees  claiming  and  exercifing 
this  Power  by  a  Divine  Right,  and  mdny  of  their 
Functions  being  confefled  not  to  be  of  Divine 
Rig-t,  as  Popes,  Patriarchs,  Archbimops,  Metro- 
politans, Abbots,  and  Choral  Biftiops,  who  yet 
ordain;  and  thefe  always  neceflarily  calling  Pref- 
byters, who  are  clearly  of  Divine  Right,  to  join 
with  them  in  their  Ordination,  and  not  doing  it 
alone,  is  an  unanfwerable  Proof  to  me,  that  they 
all  concur  in  this  Action  in  no  other  Right  or  No- 
tion at  all,  but  meerly  as  they  are  Prefbyters,  in 
which  they  all  accord,  and  have  one  and  the  fame 
Authority  ;  not  in  their  own  Capacities,  wherein 
they  are  all  difcriminated,  and  are  not  all  of  divine* 
but  only  of  human,  Inftitution  ;  Prefbyters,  qua. 
Prelbyters,  being  the  propereft  Perfons  to  ordain 
others  of  their  own  Degree  and  Function,  as  Doc- 
tors of  Divinity,  Law,  and  Phyfic,  in  the  Univer- 
fities,  create  Doctors  of  their  fcvcral  Profcffioris, 
and  Bifhops  confecrate  Bifhops  and  Archbimops  ; 
even  as  a  Man  begets  a  Man  of  his  own  Quality 
and  Degree,  and  all  other  Creatures  generate  there- 
of their  own  Kind,  without  the  Concurrence  of 
any  other  diftinct  Species  paramount  to  them. 

4  As  for  the  Angel  of-  the  Church  of  Ephcfu>\ 
much  infifted  upon  in  the  Ifle  of  Wight,  to  prov? 
an  Epifcopacy,  "Jure  Divino  Jiftin£t  from  Prefby- 
tery,  I  never  read  that  this  Angel  ordained  any 

VOL,  XVIII.  Z  Prcfbv- 


354  c^}e  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  14  Car.  I.  Prefbyters,  either  quatenus  Angel  or  Bifhop ;  noi 

v [6^'     ,  find  I  the  Name  of  a  Bifhop  in  any  of  St.   John's 

December.  Writings,  but  the  Title  of  a  Prefbyter  or  Elder 
very  frequent,  by  which  himfelf  is  ftyled  :  And  I 
wonder  much  the  King  or  his  Bifhops  fhould  now 
fo  much  infift  upon  this  Angel,  and  aflert  him  to 
be  a  Lord  Bifhop,  not  an  ordinary  Minifter. 

*  For,  i/?,  King  James  (m)  himfelf  and  all  the 
Sifnops  of  England^  with  thofe  learned  Men  em- 
ployed by  them  in  the  laft  Tranflation  of  the  Bible, 
in  the  very  Contents  prefixed  to  this  Chapter, 
Rev.  ii,  refolve  the  Angels  of  thofe  Churches  to 
be  Minifters,  in  thefe  very  Words,  What  is  com- 
manded  to  be  written  to  the  Angeh,  that  is,  the 
Alinijicrs.(\\ot  Bifhops)  of  the  Churches  of  Ephefus, 
Smyrna,  <y'c.  If  then  the  Angels,  by  their  joint 
Conceflions,  when  thefe  Contents  were  firft  com- 
pofed  and  prefixed,  were  only  the  Minifters,  not 
Bifhops,  of  thefe  Churches  ;  and  this  hath  ever 
iince  been  conftantly  admitted,  confefled,  and  pub- 
lifhed  to  be  fo  even  in  our  authorized  Bibles,  ufed 
in  all  Churches,  Chapeis,  Families,  and  printed 
cum  Privilegio,  five  or  fix  Times  every  Year,  with- 
out any  Alteration  or  Difallowance  of  this  Expofi- 
tjon,  I  marvel  much  how  the  Bifhops  now  dare 
inform  the  King  that  thefe  Angels  certainly  were 
only  Bifhops,  but  not  Minifters  diametrically  con- 
trary to  thefe  authorized  Contents  of  their  own  or 
PrcdecefTors  affixing,  with  learned  King  James's 
Approbation  ;  or  how  his  Majefty,  when  he  knows 
it,  can  believe  them,  though  they  fhould  aver  it, 
againft  his  own  Father's  and  the  whole  Church  of 
England's  Resolution,  which  hath  fo  long  received 
and  approved  this  Tranflation,  excluding  all  others 
in  public,  and  thefe  Contents  thereto  prefixed. 

idly,  c  Admit  this  Angel  of  Epbefui  to  be  a 
I>iocefan  Bifhop,  diftindt  from  an  ordinary  Pref- 
byter, yet  he  was  but  an  Apoftate,  who  had  left 
his  firji  Love,  Ver.  4.  And  if  Timothy,  as  they 
iiJTHin,  was  fole  Bifirop  of  Ephefust  he  muft  be 

the 

(n  /'  See  my  Ast; fatly  of  tic  Englift  Prelacy,  Part  II.  p.  4.79  t . 


of   ENGLAND; 

ihd  Apoftate,  being  at  that  Time  living,  unlefs  he 
Jcfigned  his  Office  to  fome  other  $  which  is  im- 
probable. And  for  our  Bifhops  to  father  that  December. 
Divine  Right  of  their  Prelacy  upon  an  apoftate 
Angel,  is  no  good  Divinity,  and  lefs  Policy  at 
this  Inftunt.  And  this  their  rotten  Foundation 
upon  an  Apoftate,  may^  probably,  be  the  Ground 
why  fo  many  Prelates,  in  this  and  former  Ages, 
have  turned  Apoftates  after  they  were  created 
Bifhops. 

3///y,  *  If  thofe  Angels  in  the  Revelations  were 
really  Lord  Bifhops,  then  certainly  the  Elders 
therein  mentioned  can  be  no  other  thaji  Prefbyters, 
not  Bifhops,  as  the  Prelates  themfelves  will  grant  : 
And,  if  foj  then  verily  the  Prefbyter  is  the  Supreme 
of  the  two,  both  in  Point  of  Dignity,  Miniftry,  and 
Precedency,  which  is  very  obfervable  :  For,  frjty 
I  find  the  twenty-four  Elders,  there  mentioned* 
fitting  upon  twenty-four  Seats  round  about  Chrift's 
Throne,  and  neareft  to  it  (n),  but  the  Angels  ftand- 
ingj  not  fitting,  round  about  it  and  them,  with- 
out any  Seats  at  all  provided  for  them,  as  inferior 
Attendants  (o).  Secondly^  I  find  thefe  Elders  not 
only  fitting  on  Seats  next  Chrift's  Throne;  but 
likewife  clothed  with  white  Raiment,  and  having 
on  their  Heads  Crowns  of  Gold,  (the  Emblem  of 
fupreme  Authority,  Power,  and  Honour)  (p)  where- 
as the  Angels  had  neither  white  Raiment  nor 
Crowns  j  fo  it  feems  Bifhops  had  no  Lawn 
Sleeves,  nor  Rochets,  nor  Mitres  then,  though 
they  have  fince  ufurped  and  robbed  the  Prefbytcrs 
of  them. 

4tbfy9  c  Thefe  Elders,  not  the  Angels,  arc  there 
always  introduced  wormiping  and  falling  down 
before  Chrift's  Throne,  holding  Harps  and  golden 
Viols  in  their  Hands  full  of  Odours,  reprefcnting 
the  Prayers  of  the  Saints,  and  fmging  the  new 
Song  to  him  (q),  as  the  principal  Officers  and  Mini- 
Iters  of  Chriit  j  when  as  the  Angels  ftanding  by, 
Z  2  a«£t 

(n)  R(T.  iv.  4.  xi.  16. —  (•)  Ibid.  v.   IT.  vii.  jr. 

,*'   laid.  IT.  4,  10,  it (yj  IM.  v.  8,  9.  xi.  16,  J-,  18- 


3  56  *fhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I.  a£l  or  fpeak  little  ijrthefe  Kinds,  like  our  late  dumb, 

l648-      j  unpreaching,  and  rarely-praying  Prelates. 
'  December  5^'»  '  ^^e  twenty-four  Elders,  not  the  An- 

gels, fing  this  new  Song  of  Praife  to  Chrift,  Wor- 
thy art  thou  to  take  the  Book^   &c.   (r)  and  haji  made 
us  Kings  and  Pr/V/?j,  not  Angels  or  Bifhops,  to  God 
tke  Father  ;  and  we,  not  the  Angels,  that  reign  on 
fa  Earth.      Therefore,  in   all    thefe   Refpetfs,  if 
the  Angels,  in  the  jfptlcalypff)   be  Bifliops,  as  cur 
Prelates  dream,  the  Elders  muft  of  Necefllty,  Jure 
Di-vinoy  be  their  Superiors  and  Lords  Paramount 
in  Point  of  Dignity,   Honour,    Sovereignty,   and 
Miniftry  ;    and   they    inferior   in  Jurifdiction   and 
^ower  unto  Prefbyters,  not  fuperior,  as  they  would 
really  make  themfelves.     When  his  Majefty  (hall 
be  informed   of  thefe,  and   many  other  Particulars 
of  this  Kind,  I  doubt  not  but  his  Confcience  will 
be  fo  much  fatisfied,  as  wholly  to  forego  and  lay 
afide  his   pretended   Apoftolical   Bifhops,    both   in 
Point   of  Function  and   Ordination    too,  as  being 
the  lame  with  Prefbyters  :  And  ftnce,  in  his   lall 
Paper  but  one,  he  hath  profeflfed  to  retain  no  other 
Bifliops  but  fuch  as  are  Apoftolical,  he  muft  pre- 
fently  quit  all  thofe  about  him,  and  their  Pofleflions 
too,  fmce  neither  of  them  are  Apoftolical  ;  the  Apo- 
ftolical Bifliops  being  always  many  over  one  Church 
or  Congregation  (s),  not  one  over  many  Churches, 
or  a  whole  Diocefe,  as  ours  are  ;  and  having  no  Pa- 
laces, Manors,  Lands  and  PofFeflions,  as  I  (hall  prove 
in  the  next  Particular,  which  comes  to  be  now  de- 
bated, having  fully  cleared  this  to  be  fatis  factory. 
And  how  far  his      t  for  ^e  fecon(]  Queftion,  concerning  the  Sale 


of  B.fhops  Lands,  How  far  the  King  hath  condc- 
forSaleofBi-  fcended  to  it,  and  whether  the  King's  Anfwers  to 
flM>s  Lands'  the  firft  Branch  of  that  Proportion  be  fatisfaflory 
in  the  premifed  Senfe  ? 

'  I  confefs  I  find  this  the  grand  and  moft  fwaying 
Argument  of  all  others,  ufed  by  thofe  who  differ 
from  me  in  the  Treaty  as  not  fatisfactory,  bccaufe 
the  King  abfolutely  refufeth  to  agree  to  the  Sale  of 

Bifhops 

(r)  Re--,  v.   9,  ie. 

(t)  ,#7jxx.  17,  *S.  —Pbil.  i.  i.—<ITt<  i.  5,  6,  -,, 


of   ENGLAND.  357 

Bifhops  Lands,  for  the  Satisfaction  of  thofe  Public  An.  24  car.  I. 
Debts  for  which  they  are  engaged  by  both  Houfes  j         l6^- 
whereby  Purchafers  and  Lenders  upon  that  AfTu-     rj^fvmbcr  ^ 
ranee  will  not  be   only  defrauded,  but  cheated  out 
of  their  Debts  and  Purchafes,  many  of  them  quite 
UP-',,  r-e   and  ruined,  and  the  Honour  and   Public 
I       a  of  both  Hoiiles  for  ever  forfeited  and  laid  in 
the  Duft.     And  indeed  this  is  a  very  fenhble  />r- 
g/unent,  efpecially   to    fuch   Members    who    have 
t>urcrufed  Bifhops  Lands,  or  advanced  Mo- 
iiies  upon  their  Security,  very  fit  to  be  fully   an- 
fwered  ;  which  I  {hall  endeavour  to  do,  I  hope,  to 
their  full  Satisfaction  and  Content. 

4  I  confefs  it  to  be  mod  juft  and  equal,  that  ail 
who  have  purchafed  Bifhops  Lands,  or  advanced 
Monies  to  the  State  upon  them,  (hould  receive  full 
Satisfaction,  and  be  no  Lofers  by  it,  but  rather 
Gainers.  And^  I  could  have  aj  heartily  dc  fired  as 
any  Member  of  this  Houfe,  that  the  King,  in  this 
Particular  of  Bifhops  Lands,  had  given  us  plenary 
Satisfaction ;  the  rather,  becaufe  I  was  employed 
by  the  Houfes  as  one  of  the  Contractors,  though 
without  my  fceking,  and  to  try  Prejudice,  by 
neglecting  my  Calling  ;  and  receiving,  as  yet,  not 
one  Farthing  Salary  for  it,  though  I  have  fpent  and 
loft  fome  Hundreds  of  Pounds  in  and  by  that  Em- 
ployment ;  and  had  the  King  really  done  it,  I  pre- 
fume  few  Members  of  this  Houfe,  now  of  a  dif- 
ferent Opinion,  would  have  voted  his  Anfwers  to 

the  whole  Treaty  unfatisfa&ory  : But  to  take 

them  as  they  are, 

I  ft,  '  The  King  hath  jo  far  condcfcendcd  t9  their 
Sale  and  Difpofal^  made  or  to  be  made^  as  that  //•/ 
.J?ur chafers  JlwU,  by  Act  of  Parliament^  enjoy  a  Lfnfc 
of  tbem^  not  from  the  Bijhops  tbemfehest  but  from  the 
Crown^  for  ninety-nine  Tears  Space ;  referring  only 
the  Reverfions  afterwards  to  the  Crown,  and  that  for 
the  Ufc  of  the  Church  in  general  Terms. 

2dly,  '  The  King  will  be  content  with  the  Rff^- 
vation  only  of  the  old  or  fome  other  moderate  7v<v.Y,  to 
him  and  his  Heirs,  to  be  employed  only  jcr  the  Church'? 
Ufe  and  Benefit. 

Z  3  3<%, 


3  5  8  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  z4  Car.  I.       S^ly,  *  That,  for  the  abfolute  Sale  or  Alienation 

v   l648v  _  ;    of  them,  he  cannot,  in  point  of  Confcience,  confent  unto 

D   e^        ^'  as  being  Sacrilege,  and  an  unlawful  Atf  in  the  Opi- 

nion of  all   Divines^    as  well  in  foreign    Reformed 

Churches  as  dome/lie. 

'  This,  as  I  remember  and  conceive,  is  the  Sum 
of  his  Majefty's  final  Anfvver  to  this  Propofition. 

'  To  examine  thefe  Particulars  a  little  in  the 
general,  and  then  by  Parts. 

i/?,  '  I  muft  make  bold  to  inform  you  in  the 
general,  that  the  King,  and  his  Predeceffors  Kings 
of  this  Realm,  were  the  (d)  original  Founders  of 
all  our  Bifhopricks,  and  Patrons  of  them  ;  that  all 
their  Lands,  Rents,  and  Revenues  whatfoever,  ori- 
ginally proceeded  from  the  Crown  and  Kings  of 
England,  of  whom  they  are  holden  ;  and  that,  in 
Times  of  Vacancy,  the  King  enjoys  the  Profits  of 
their  Temporalities  as  a  Part  of  his  Royal  Revenue, 
and  receives  both  Tenths  and  Firft  Fruits  out  of 
them  upon  every  Death  or  Tranflation  of  the 
Bifhops  ;  and  therefore  there  is  very  great  Reafon, 
and  Juftice  too,  they  fhould  be  ftill  held  of  the 
Crown,  and  not  totally  tranflated  out  of  it;  and 
that  the  King  and  his  Succeflbrs  fhould  receive 
fome  reafonable  Revenue  or  Compcnfation  out  of 
them,  parting  with  fuch  an  Intereft,  in  Recom- 
pence  for  them. 

idly,  '  That  in  the  feveral  Treaties  with  the 
King,  in  February  1642,  and  July  1646  (e),  all 
the.  Lands,  Pofiefftons,  Rents,  and  Reverlions, 
both  of  Archbifhops  and  Bifhops,  and  likewife  of 
Deans  and  Chapters,  an4  other  Officers  of  Ca- 
thedral and  Collegiate  Churches,  were,  by  A6t  of 
Parliament,  to  be  fettled  in  the  very  real  and  acr- 
tual  PofTefTion  of  the  King,  his  Fleirs  and  Succef- 
fors,  for  ever,  to  their  own  proper  Ufe  ;  except 
only  their  Impropriations,  Advowfons,  Tythes, 
and  Penfions,  which  are  not  now  to  be  fold  :  And 
that  the  Ordinances  for  fettling  of  Bifhcps  Lands, 

Rents, 


(</)  See  Cscdwint  Catalogue  of  English  BIJhops.  Raflairi  Abridg- 
ment ;  Title  Bijbops,  Fir/1  Fruits,  and  Tenths. 

(<0  In  our  Twelfth  Volume,  p.  1475  and  in  our  Fifteenth  Vo- 
tuiiie,  p.  20. 


of   EN  GLAND.  359 

Rents,  and  Poflcflions  in  Feoffees,  and  engaging  An.  a*  Car 

and  felling  them  for  the  Monies  lent  upon  the  Pub-         l64«- 

!,ic  Faith,  and  alfo  for  raifmg  2co,ooo  /.  for  dif- 

banding  of  the  Scots  Army,  patted  not  the  Houfes 

till  Otfober  and  Nwcmhzr  1646  (f) ;  till  which  Time 

there  was  no  Thought  nor  Intent  at  all  to  fell  or 

alienate  them  from  the  Crown.     If  then  the  Kin^, 

in  two  or  three   former  Treaties,  by  both   Houfes 

full  and  free  Confent,  and  a  Bill  pailcd  by  them  for 

that  Purpofc,  was  to  enjoy  to  himfclf,  his  Heirs 

.and  SuccefTors,  all   the  Demefne   Lands,    Manors', 

Pofleffions,  Reverfions,  Rents,    Inheritances,    and 

Revenues  of  Arehbifhops   and   Bimops,  and  lilce- 

wife  of  Deans  and   Chapters,   Prebends,  and  the 

4ike,  it  feems  to  me  very  juft  and   rcafonahle  that 

he  fhould  demand  and  enjoy  the  Reverfions  of  them 

after  ninety-nine  Years,  and  fuch  a  moderate  Rent 

as  he  and  both  Houfes  fhall  agree  on ;  and  that  this 

Anfwer  of  the  King's,  wherein  he  demands  fo  little 

now,  only  for  the  Church's  Ufe  and  Benefit,  not 

bis  own,  fhould  be  fully  fatisfa&ory,  becaufe  we 

were   very  well  content,  in  former  Treaties,  that 

he  and  his  Heirs  fhould  enjoy  the  whole.,  to  their 

own  Ufe  only. 

3^//p,  '  That  near  one  Moiety  of  the  Archbi(hopr. 
and  Bifhops  Pofleflions  and  Revenues  confifts  in  Inv- 
propriations,  Tythes,  Pcnfions,  and  the  like)  which 
the  King  is  content  wholly  to  part  with  for  the 
Increafe  of  Minifters  Means,  and  Benefit  pf  the 
Church,  without  any  Rcfervation  or  Recommence  ; 
and  with  all  Deans  and  Chapters  Lands  and  Re- 
venues to  boot :  Therefore  it  (hould  be  unfatis- 
fac~lory  or  unreafonable  in  no  Man's  Judgment, 
for  the  King  to  referve  fome  Intercjft  in  the  Revet  - 
fions  and  Rents  only  of  their  Uemcfnc  Lands. 

4tbfyt  «  The  Kijig  demands  the  Reverfions  of 
the  Lands  after  ninety-nine  Years,  and  fomc  prc- 
fent  moderate  Rent,  not  for  the  Ufe  and  Support 
of  the  Bifhops,  and  to  keep  a  Root  for  them  to 
grow  up  again  in  our  Church,  as  hath  been  mif- 
jaken  by  fome,  (Archbilhops,  and  Bimops  too,  bc- 
Z  4  ing 

(/)  In  our  Fifteenth  Volume,  p.  158,  9. 


j6p  *flpe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

A-n.  24  Car.  I.  jng  extirpated,  Root  and  Branch,  by  the  King's  fot- 

,   l  *8' ,    rner  Anfwers,  as  I  have  manifefted)  but  only  for 

December.  tne  Ufe  of  the  Church,  in  fuch  Manner  as  the  King 
and  we  (hall  agree  to  fettle  them  ;  who  fhall  take 
Care  that  no  Bifhop  fhall  be  a  Sharer  in  them,  all 
being  to  be  fettled  in  the  Crown  alone,  and  no- 
thing in  Reverfion,  .or  Pofieffion,  in  or  upon  the 
»  Bifhops. 

$thlyt  «  The  King  copfents.  That  the  Purchafers 
of  Bifhops  Lands  fhall,  by  A6t  of  Parliament,  have 
a  Leafe  of  them  for  ninety-nine  Years,  referving 
the  Reverfion  only  after  that  Term  ;  which  I  con- 
ceive is  no  ill,  but  a  very  good,  Bargain  for  the 
Purchafers ;  fuch  a  Leafe  by  A61  of  Parliament, 
being  far  better  than  the  whole  Inheritance  by  a 
bare  Ordinance  of  both  Houfes  j  which,  for  ought 
I  know,  if  not  confirmed  by  a  fubfequent  A6t  of 
Parliament,  will  prove  little  better  than  a  Tenancy 
at  Will,  or  a  Leafe  fo  long  only  as  this  Parliament 
continues  ;  Ordinances  of  both  Houfes  only,  with- 
out the  King's  Royal  AfTent  thereto,  being  a  new 
Device  of  this  prefent  Parliament,  to  fupply  feme 
prefent  Necefiidcs  for  our  necefiary  Defence  and 
rrefervation,  during  the  King's  Abfence  and  Hofti- 
lity,  never  known  or  us'd  in  any  former  Parliaments, 
whatever  hath  been  conceived  to  the  contrary  : 
Therefore  this  Offer  of  the  King's  is  no  Prejudice 
at  all,  but  a  great  Advantge,  to  the  Purchafers, 
wherewith  they  {hould  reft  fully  fatisfied.  But 
admit  it  be  any  Lofs  at  all  to  them,  and  not  rather 
a  Gain,  asThings  now  (rand  in  our  tottering  Condi- 
tion, yet  it  is  only  of  the  Reverfion  of  thefe  Lands 
after  ninety -nine  Years,  worth  not  above  one  Quar- 
ter or  Half  a  Year's  Pui chafe  at  the  utrnoft  ;  which, 
confulering  the  low  Values  at  which  Bifhops  Lands 
were  fold,  and  the  cheap  Rates  that  moft  Pur- 
chafers gave  for  Bills  of  Public  Faith,  with  which 
they  bought  'them,  they  may  be  well  content  to 
lofe,  to  fccure  their  Purchafes  for  ninety- nine  Years 
in  thefe  tumultuous  and  fluctuating  Times  ;  when 
fome  wife  Men,  who  have  made  fuch  Pur-chafes, 
would  very  gladly  give  two  or  three  Years  P archaic, 

if 


cf    E  V  G  L  A  N  D.  361 

pf  not  more,  at  the  AfTurance  Office,  to  any  who  An.  24.  car.  I. 
\vill  infure  their  Eftates  in  Bifhops  Lands  for  ib  long 
a  Term,  and  think  they  had  a  good  Bargain  too  j 
at  leaft-wife  far  better  than  the  Bifhqps,  in  cafe 
they  fhould  revive  again,  as  fomc  fear,_who  muft 
be  kept  ftarving  for  nine-nine  Years  in  Expec- 
tation of  a  dry  Reverfion.  All  which  confidered, 
the  King's  Anfwers  touching  fuch  Reverfions,  I 
humbly  conceive,  will  be  very  fatisfadlory  to  the 
Purchafers  of  Bifhops  Lands  themfelves,  who  are 
inoft  cifpleafed  with  it^ 

'  As  to  that  which  hath  been  obje&ed,  That 
Tome  have  purchafed  Reverfions  of  Bifhops  Lands 
after  ninety-nine  Years  in  being,  who  muft  abfo- 
lutely  lofe  their  Purchafe- Money  after  this  Ratej 
which  is  neither  juft  nor  honourable  for  the  Parlia- 
ment : 

'  I  anfwer,  That  this  is  but  the  Cafe  of  three  or 
four  only  ;  that  their  Purchafes  are  of  no  confuler- 
able  Value,  nor  bought  fmgly  by  themfelves,  but 
jointly  with  Lands  or  Rents  in  Poflefiion  of  good 
Value  ;  in  which  they  had  the  cheaper  Purchafe  to 
take  off  the  Reverfion  after  fo  long  a  Term  ;  which 
Lofs  in  the  Reverfion  they  may  contentedly  under- 
go to  purchafe  their  own  and  the  Kingdom's  Peace, 
and  enjoy  what  they  have  purchafed,  with  thefe  Re- 
vcrfions,  in  PofTeffion,  without  Trouble  or  Eviction 
by  Act  of  Parliament,  for  ninety-nine  Years  Space; 
or  receive  other  Satisfaction  from  the  King  and  Par- 
liament to  their  Contentment,  in  fuch  Manner  as 
I  fhall  prefently  inform  you. 

btbfy,  «  To  that  concerning  the  prefent  Rents 
which  the  King  demands  out  of  Bifhops  Lands, 
which  flicks  moft  with  Purchafers,  many  of  them 
having  purchafed  nothing  but  Rents,  and  others 
more  Rents  than  Lands  in  PofTefnon,  which  Rent:, 
muft  all  be  loft,  if  they  muft  pay  the  old  Rents  o~ 
ver  to  the  King  to  their  Undoing  ;  which  would  be 
both  unjuft,  unconfcionable,  and  di (honourable  t<> 
fheHoufes,  upon  whofe  Affurance  and  Engagement 
to  enjoy  their  Bargains,  they  were  induced  both 
to  lend  Money  on,  and  to  purchafe  thefe  Lands 
4  .  after.- 


3%e  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

I.  afferwards  ;  and  would  be  no  better  than  plain 
Cheating,  and  render  them  odious  to  all  the  World, 

fome  have  objected  : 

'  I  will  not  anfwer  this  with  caveat  Empter,  but 
defire.  them  to  pbferve  that  the  King,  in  his  Anr 
fwer,  doth  not  peremptorily  require  the  Bifhops 
old  Rents  during  the  ninety-nine  Years ;  but  only 
disjunctively,  either  the  old  Rents,  or  fbme  other 
moderate  Rent  to  be  agreed  on  ;  and  if  only  a  mo- 
derate Proportion  of  the  old  Rent  be  paid  to  the 
King,  the  Purchafer  is  fure  to  enjoy  the  Refidue  du- 
ring the  ninety-nine  Years  ;  and  fb  his  Purchafe- 
Money  not  totally  loft,  as  is  objected.  Betides, 
the  King  will  not  referve  thefe  Rents  to  the  Ufe  of 
himfelf  or  the  Crown  ;  but  only  to  the  Church, 
and  Maintenance  of  the  Minifters,  in  fuch  Manner 
as  he  and  his  Houfes  (hall  agree  in  the  Bill  for  fet- 
tling thefe  Lands  in  the  Way  propounded  by  him  ; 
which  Offer  opens  this  juft  and  honourable  Way 
for  the  Houfes  to  give  all  Purchafers  of  Bifbops 
Lands  and  Rents  full  Satisfaction,  both  for  the  Lofs 
of  their  Revertions  after  ninety-nine  Years,  and  for 
the  prefer. t  Rents  which  fhall  be  referved  to  the 
Crown,  out  of  Bifhops  Lands,  to  the  Church's 
Ufc ;  which  I  believe  the  King  and  Houfes  will 
readily  confcnt  to  j  and  that  is,  to  fettle,  by  Act 
of  Parliament,  fo  much  of  the  Dean  and  Chapters 
tlemefne  Lands  and  Rents  upon  the  Purchafers,  as 
the  Lofs  of  their  Reverfions,  after  ninety-nine 
Years,  and  prefent  Rent  to  the  Crown,  fhall  a- 
mount  unto  upon  a  juft  Computation  :  By  which 
Means  the  Purchafers,  by  way  of  Exchange  of 
Deans  and  Chapters  Lands  ?.nd  Rents  for  thofe  of 
Bifhops,  fhall  have  fuch  full  and  fatisfactory  Con- 
tent, even  in  Kind,  as  will  clear  the  Honour,  Juf- 
tice,  and  Reputation  of  the  Houfes  fair  Dealings, 
in  this  Particular,  throughout  all  the  World  ;  and 
give  the  Minifters  full  Satisfaction  likewife,  for  the 
Augmentation  of  whofe  Livings  and  Maintenance 
the  Deans  and  Chapters  Lands  and  Rents  are  de- 
figned,  by  fettling  the  Reverlion  and  Rents  re- 
ieived  to  the  Crown  out  of  the  Bifhops  Lands,  for 

the 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  3$3 

tjie  Church's  Ufe,  upon  thofe  who  fhould  have  en-  An.  2+  cir.  I. 
joyed  Deans  and  Chapters  Lands,  thus  fettled  on        l64s- 
the  Purchafers  by  Exchange  :  which  being  of  equal    VT^  """""""' 
Value,  can  be  no  Lofs  nor  Prejudice  to  any. 

*  This  is  fuch  a  vifible  and  real  Satisfaction  to 
all  Purchafers,  as  none  of  them  can  juftly  open 
their  Mouths  againft,  being  both  for  their  own  Se- 
curity and  Advantage,  and  the  Kingdom's  Settle- 
ment': But  if  any  of  them  diflike  this  real  Satif- 
faclion,  which  the  King,  no  doubt,  will  yield  to, 
there    is    another   Means   provided    by    this  very 
Treaty  for  their  Satisfaction  j  and  that  is,  by  ready 
Money   for  whatever  they   (hall   lofe  by  Bifhops 
£.ands  in  Pofleflion  or  Jleyerfion,  by  this  Referva- 
tion  to  the  Crown ;  which  I  am  fure  they  neither 
will  nor  can  refufe  in  Juftice  or  Equity  j  they  hav- 
jng   the  Bifhops  Lands  conveyed  to  them  only  by 
way   of  Mortgage  or  Security,    for   Monies  lent 
upon   the  public  Faith  ;  and  the  Houfes,  by.  the 
Te;ith  Article  of  this  Treaty,  have  Time,  with- 
in two  Years  Space,  by  Act  or  A<£b,  to  raife  any 
Sums   of  Money  for  the  Payment  of  the  public 
Debts  of  the  Kingdom,  whereof  the  Monies  lent 
upon   Bifhops  Lands  and  the  public  Faith  are  a 
principal  Part;  and  the  fame  Juftice  of  the  Houfes, 
which    hath    already   provided,    by    feveral    Ordi- 
nances, a  iufficicnt  Recompence  and  Satisfaction 
for  Purchafers  oj  Bifhops  Lands  in  Cafes  of  Evic- 
tion, or  pf  emergent  Charges   and  Incumbrances 
difcovered  after  the  Purchafes  made,  may  be  a  fuf- 
ficient  ATTurancc  to  them  of  the  Houfes  Juftice, 
that  they  will  give  them  as  good  or  better  Satisfac- 
tion by  one  of  thefe  two  Ways  I  have  here  pro- 
poundedj  for  any  Thing  they  fhall  part  with  to  the 
King  or  Church   for  the  Settlement  of  the  King" 
tlom's  Peace'. 

•Jthlyy  '  It  hath  been  the  folcnin  Protcftation  and 
Declaration  of  both  Houfes  of  Parliament,  in  .ill 
their  Remonftrances  to  the  King,  Kingdom,  and 
foreign  States,  That  they  have  taken  up  dcfcnfive 
Arms  aga'mft  the  King's  Party  only  for  the  Miiitite- 
nance  of  Rilighn,  Lcivs,  Libertict,  &c.  and  to  bring 

Ddin- 


364  -*fhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

•  2*  S-ar'  '  Delinquents  to  condign  Punifoment.     Now   Bifhops 

1040.  T         jf  i     r»  T  •  •   i 

.      i       lianas  and  Kents,    1   am  certain,  are   neitnr  our. 

ecember.  Religion,  Laws,  nor  Liberties,  and  I  think  they 
are  no  Delinquents,  tho'  moft  Bifhops  are.  And 
fhall  we  now,  after  feven  Years  War,  and  fixty 
Days  Treaty,  make  Bifhops  Lands,  which  for  five 
Years  Time  or  more  of  our  Wars  were  never 
thought  of,  the  fole  or  principal  Caufe  at  leaft  of 
cur  prefent  Breach  with  the  King,  and  the  only 
Ground  of  a  new  War  ?  God  forbid.  Will  not  all 
the  World  then  juftly  cenfure  us  for  notorious  Hy- 
pocrites and  Impoftors,  pretending  one  Thing  and 
intending  another  ?  Will  they  not  then  fay,  that 
Bifhops  Palaces  and  Lands  were  the  only  l^eligion 
and  Liberty  we  have  fought  for,  the  only  Delin- 
quents we  have  brought  to  public  Juftice  and  Exe- 
cution ?  That  we  would  never  have  fupprelfed 
Archbifliops  and  Bifhops,  nor  entered  into  a  So- 
lemn League  and  Covenant,  with  Hands  lifted  up 
to  Heaven,  to  endeavour  to  extirpate  them  as  Anti- 
chriftian,  but  only  to  gain  and  retain  all  their  Lands 
and  Revenues ;  and  never  condemned  their  Func- 
tions, but  only  to  feize  on  their  Poflfflions  ?  And 
that  we  muft  now  maintain  an  Army  upon  their 
exhaufted  Purfcs  and  Eftates,  only  to  defend  thefe 
Purchafers  Titles  to  the  Bifhops  Inheritances  ?  If 
fo,  for  Shame,  let  us  never  break  off  this  Treaty, 
nor  ruin  two  or  three  Kingdoms,  upon  fuch  an  ab- 
furd  Diflatisfa&ion  as  this.  And  if  our  Purchafers 
of  Bifhops  Lands  fhall  ftill  refufe  to  reft  fatisfied 
with  that  twofold  Recompence  I  have  formerly 
mentioned,  and  keep  up  an  Army  to  maintain  their 
Purchafes,  rather  than  yield  to  any  Reafon,.!  fhall 
humbly  move,  That  not  the  whole  Kingdom,  but 
themfclves  alone,  may  defray  the  Army's  Taxes 
and  Quarters  ;  and  then  I  am  certain  they  will  have 
a  dearer  Bargain  than  what  the  King  or  I  have  pro- 
pofed  for  their  Satisfaction. 

'  And,  the  better  to  perfuade  them  to  embrace 
this  Compenfation,  I  have  only  this  more  to  offer 
both  to  them  and  you,  That  if  you  break  off  with 
the  King  upon  this  Point,  or  clofe  with  the  Army, 

they 


of    E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  365 

they  are  moft  certain  to  lofe  all ;  for  a  bare  Orui-  A».  a+  Car.  i. 
nance  of  both  Houfes  is  no  legal  Title,  nor  good     t  ^     '    A 
Security  againft    King    or   Bifhops,    without    the     D^wni*!. 
King's  Concurrence  and  Royal  Affent  unto  it ;   and 
valid  no  longer  than  maintained  by  the  Sword,  the 
worft  and  moft  hazardous  Title  of  all  others,  which 
will    quickly   coft   the   Purchafers   and  Kingdom 
treble  the  Value  of  all  the  Bifhops  Revenues  ;  ant! 
if  they  clofe  with  the  Army  to  break  the  Treaty, 
they  tell  them  in  direct   Terms    in  Print,  in  The 
Cafe  of  the  Army  truly  Jlated,  prefented   to  the  Ge- 
neral by  the  Agitators  of  the  Army,  at  Hampftead, 
Qttober  15,   1647,  p.  1 6,  That  whereas  the  Times 
were   wholly   corrupt,  when  Perfons  were  appointed 
to  make    Sale  of  Bijhops   Lands ;  and  whereas   Par- 
liament-Men,   Committee- Men,    and    Kinsfolks  were 
the  only  Buyers,  and  much  is  fold,  and  yet  it  is  pre- 
tended  that    little    or    no  Money  is    received.     And 
whereas  Lords,     Parliament-Men,    and  feme   other 
rub  Men,  have  vaji  Sums  of  Arrears  allowed  them 
in    their   Pttrchafe,  and  all  their  Monies  lent  to   the 
State  paid   them,  while  others  are  left    in  Necejffity, 
to  whom   the  State  is  much  indebted  j  and  fo  prefent 
Money,  that  might  be  for  the  equal  Advantage  of  all, 
is  not  brought  into  the  public  Treafury  by  thofe   Sales  : 
It  is  therefore  to  be  infi/hd  on,  that  the  Stile  of  Bi- 
Jhops  Lands  be  reviewed,    and  that  they   may  be  fold 
to  their  Worth,  and  for  prefent  Monies  for  the  Pub- 
lic Ufe  ;  and  that  the  Sale  of  all  fitch  be  recalled  ay 
have  not  been  fold  to   their  Worth,    or  for  prefent 
Money. 

'  This  Particular,  among  others,  they  profefs 
they  have  entered  into  a  Solemn  Engagement  to 
profccute,  and  are  now  marched  up  to  London  ac- 
cordingly to  purfue  it,  as  their  late  Remonftrance 
and  Declaration  intimates,  and  themfelves  pro- 
felled  by  Word  of  Mouth  ;  which  I  defire  tha 
Members  who  have  purchafed  Bifhops  Lands,  who 
are  generally  moft  unfatisfied  with  the  King's  An- 
fwers,  efpccially  in  this  Particular,  fciioufly  to  cnn- 
fider ;  and  then  to  make  their  Election,  Whether 
they  will  now  clofe  with  the  King's  Conccllions, 


366  STSff  Parliamentary  H  i  s  T  o  R  f 

An.  14  Car.  I.  and  what  I  have  here  propounded  for  Satisfacftori 
t  l64S-  of  their  Reverlions  after  ninety-nine  years,  and 
December  Pre^ent  Rents  they  may  chance  to  part  with,  and 
fb  fecure  their  Purchafes  for  this  Term  by  Act  of 
Parliament ;  and  have  full  Compenfation  for  what 
they  part  with,  either  in  ready  Money,  or  Deans 
and  Chapters  Lands  and  Rents,  and  fo  be  n9 
Lofers,  but  great  Gainers,  by  the  Bargain ;  or  elfe 
break  with  the  King  to  pkafe  the  Army,  and  fp 
be  certain  to  lofe  all  between  them  ;  not  only  once 
but  twice  over  :  For  the  Agitators  in  the  Army  tell 
them  plainly,  That  all  their  Purchafes  Jhall  be  re- 
viewed j  and  if  they  have  purchased  them  at  an  un- 
der Rate,  or  not  for  ready  Money,  (which  not  one 
of  them  hath  done,  but  by  Tickets  of  their  own, 
or  bought  at  very  low  Values  of  others,  which  'tis 
like  they  will  alfo  examine)  then  their  Sales  Jhall  be 
alfolutely  recalled,  and  fold  to  others  at  full  Values 
for  ready  Money  ;  and  fo  all  is  loft  in  good  Earned, 
or  elfe  they  muft  re-purchafe  them  for  ready  Mo- 
nies at  higher  Values,  without  any  Afiurance 
from  the  King  by  Acl:  of  Parliament  ;  and  fo 
lofe  them  again  the  fecond  Time,  if  ever  he  or 
his  Prelatical  Party  fhould  prevail,  and  yet  be  in- 
forced  to  anfwer  and  reftore  all  the  mefne  Profits 
they  have  taken  to  boot*  A  very  hard  Chapter 
and  Bargain  todigeft,  if  they  advifedly  confider  it; 
which,  by  accepting  the  King's  Offer,  is  moft  cer- 
tainly prevented  ;  who,  perchance,  in  fhort  Time, 
upon  fecond  Thoughts*  and  Conference  with 
learned  Men  for  the  Satisfaction  of  his  Confcience 
in  the  Point  of  Sacrilege,  if  he  fhould  confent 
to  the  total  Alienation  of  thefe  Lands  from  the 
Church,  may  come  up  fully  to  our  Defires,  and 
part  with  the  very  Inheritance  to  the  Purchafers, 
as  amply  as  they  have  purchafed  it,  rather  than 
leave  his  own  and  the  Kingdom's  Intcreft  wholly 
unfrttled. 

*  And,  for  my  Part,  I  make  little  Queftion,  that 
had  the  Prelates  and  Clergymen  with  the  King,  at 
the  Ifle  of  Wight,  dealt  fo  candidly  and  clearly 
with  him  in  this  Particular  of  the  Sale  of  Bifhops 

Lands, 


•of    ENGLAND.  367 

Lands,  they  might  have  eafily  fatisfied  his  Con- An.  24  Car,  I. 

icience  in  this  very  Thing,  as  well  as  in  others,  ( l6*8' 

from  thefe  Grounds  and  Matters  of  Fact,  which  I    December, 
(hall   but  point  at  to  fatisfy  others,  who  perchance 
are  fcrupulous  herein,  even  in  point  of  Conference, 
as  well  as  the  King. 

.  ijty  *  The  King,  in  his  laft  Paper  but  one,  in 
cxprefs  Terms  profefTeth,  That  be  hath  abolijhcd  all 
but  the  Apojloiual  Bijhops,  invefted  with  a  Negative 
Voice  cr  Power  in  point  of  Ordination  :  And,  if  fov 
then  I  am  certain  he  hath  likewife  abolifhed  all 
Bifhops  Palaces,  Lordfhips,  Revenues,  Rents,  and 
Pofleilions ;  it  being  moft  certain  that  neither  the 
Apoftles  themfelves,  nor  any  Apoftolical  Bifhops  of 
their  Ordination  in  their  Days,  or  for  above  three 
hundred  Years  after,  had  any  Lands  or  Pofleilions 
annexed  to  their  Apoftlefhips,  or  Bifhopricks ;  but 
lived  merely  upon  the  Alms  and  voluntary  Contri- 
butions of  the  People  (tf),  as  Chrilt  himfelf,  Paul, 
and  the  other  Apoftles  did,  as  all  Hiftorians  ac- 
cord (/»).  If  then  his  Majefty  will  retain  none  but 
Apoftolical  Bifhops,  he  muft  nec^flarily  take  away 
their  temporal  Lands  and  PofTeflions  annexed  to 
their  Bifhopricks,  to  make  them  fuch,  if  he  hath 
not  already  done  it  by  his  final  Anfwer  to  this  Pro- 
pofition,  as  I  conceive  he  hath. 

2*//y,  *  It  is  generally  agreed  by  Hiftorians,  that Biftopj,  in  the 
Conftantine  the  Great  (our  own  Countryman  born,  Ptl'rilUV<;  Times, 

j   r    A  JT-  -vtu  i  "ad  n*  Revenue>' 

and  nrft  crowned  hmperor  at  Tork^  to  the  eternal  or  temporal  En- 
Honour  of  our  Ifland,  he  being  the  firft  Chriftiandcwmmti. 
Emperor,  and  greateft  Advancer  of  the  Chriftian 
Religion,    and    Deftroyer  of  Paganifm)    was  the 
hrft  who  endowed  the  Church  and  Bifhops  with 
any  temporal    PofTeflions,  about  three  hundred  and 
fifty  Years  after  Chrift ;  though  his  pretended  Do- 
nation to  the  Pope  be  but  a  meer  Fable,  as  Dr.  Crac- 
ktntborp  (<•),  and  others,  have  manifeftcd  at  large. 

Now 

(j)  Mat.  viii.  20.  Luke  viii.  i.  A<3s  iii.  6.  ir.  34,  ^,  36,  37. 
T.  i,  to  c.  x«.  34.  i  Cor.  iv.  12.  i  TheC  ii.  9.  I'M.  iv.  u, 
to  *O.  2  Cor.  xi.  7,  g,  9.  Cial.  i.  g. 

(£)  . 

(c) 


368  *Tbe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24.  Car.  J.  Now  Joannes  Parijienjis  (d)^  Nauclerus's  Polychront~ 
l648'  ,  con  (e) ;  our  Englifh  Apoftle,  John  Widliffe  (f)  ;  our 
December.  noble  Martyr,  the  Lord  Cobham  (g)  j  John  Fr'ith^  £ 
Martyr  (h)  ;  learned  Bifhop  Jewel  (i),  and  others 
out  of  them  (£),  record,  That  when  Conjiantine  en- 
dowed the  Church  and  Bifliops  with  temporal  Lands 
and  Pofleffions,  the  Voice  of  an  Angel  was  heard  in 
the  Air,  crying  out,  Hodle  J^tnenum  infunditur  in 
Ecclefiam^  this  Day  is  Poifon  poured  into  the  whole 
Church  of  God  :  And  from  that  Time,  fay  they, 
becaufe  of  the  great  Riches  the  Church  had,  {he 
was  made  the  more  Secular;  and;  had  more  worldly 
Bufmefs  than  fpiritual  Devotion,  and  more  Pomp 
and  Boaft  outward  than  Holinefs  inward  ;  Religia 
peperit  Divitias,  &  Filia  devoravit  Matrem  ;  which 
our  Bifliops,  and  Tranflators  of  the  Bible,  likewife 
mention  in  their  Epiftle  prefix'd  to  it.  And  Oak- 
ham  (I)  faith,  and  others  obferve,  That  whereas  all 
or  jnoft  of  the  Bifliops  of  Rome  before  that  Time 
were  Martyrs,  fcarce  one  of  them  proved  a  Mar- 
tyr afterwards ;  but,  inftread  of  being  Martyrs,  fell 
a  perfecuting  and  making  Martyrs.  And  if  this 
Voice  of  the  Angel,  (perchance  a  Biftiop,  fmce 
our  Prelates  will  needs  have  the  Angels  in  Rev.  ii. 
to  be  Bifliops)  was  true,  and  fubfequent  Experi- 
ence hath  found  it  fo,  that  Bifhops  and  Church- 
men's temporal  Lands,  Pofleffions,  and  Endow- 
men  s,  are  no  other  but  Poifon  to  the  Church ;  and 
his  M..jefty  be  convinced  of  the  Truth  of  this  Story, 
I  hope  he  will  be  fatisfied  in  point  of  Confcience* 
that  it  is  no  Sacrilege,  but  wholefome  Phyfic,  to 
take  away  this  Poifon  from  the  Church,  which 
hath  fo  much  infected  and  corrupted  it ;  and  would.; 
in  fine,  deftroy  it  and  the  Bifhops  too,  and  eat  out 
ail  their  Piety  and  Devotion^ 

(d)  In  Vita  Sylvejtr!,  Cap.  xxii. 
(?)  Hift.  lib,  iv.  cap.  xxvi. 

(f)  Dialog,  lib.  iv.  cap.  xv,  xvi,  xvii,  xxvi. 

(g)  Fox't  A&i  and  Monuments,  p.    517,  1522; 

«£)  Anfwer  to  the  Preface  of  M.  Moore's  Book,  p.  Ti5. 
(i)  Sermon  on  Eaggai  i.   p.  176.    Defence  of  tfae  Apology,  p;  Vi. 
cap.  ix»  divif.  iii. 

(k)  Thomas  Bacar-1!  Reports  of  certain  Men,  VJ.  III. 
(1)   OfusacDieruvi,    tap.  cxxiv. 


of 


E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 


3<//y,    *  Moft  Bifhops,    long   after    Cohjl  anting*  An.   24  Car. 
*Time,  had  very  fmall  or  no  Revenues,  or  Lands,  and          ^6^8- 
no  other  Palaces  to  refide  in,  but  poor  little  Cotta-      r>cember 

¥s  ;  it  being  all  Men's  Opinion  in  thofe  Days  (;«), 
hat  ftately  Palaces  belonged  only  unto  Emperors 
and  Princes,  and  Cottages  and  Churrhes  unto  Bi- 
fhops. The  fourth  Council  of  C  ••>-:}:  a«e(rt}^  about 
the  Year  of  our  Lord  390,  decreed,  That  the  Bi- 
(hops  fhould  have  Hofiitiot-nn,  a  little  Cottage  or 
Hofpital  to  dwell  in  near  the  Church,  not  a  Palace. 
And  in  the  Excerp-ions  of  Egbert  Archbifhop  of 
York)  An.  750°,  I  find  the  fame  Canon  renewed 
among  us,  as  the  Canon  Law  of  this  Realm;  That 
Biftiops  and  Prefbyters  {hould  have  Hofpitiohim,  a 
fmall  Cottage  near  the  Church,  to  live  in  ;  not  a 
ftately  Maniion  :  So  as  our  Bifhops,  in  thofe  Days, 
had  no  great  Palaces,  Manors,  TemporaHti.-s;  and 
their  very  Cathedrals  were  built  only  with  Wattle, 
or  a  few  Boards  pieced  together,  and  covered  but 
with  Reed  ;  Stone  Churches,  covered  over  with 
Slate  or  Lead,  not  being  in  Ufe  among  the  Bri- 
tons ,  Scots  or  Irijh,  for  many  hundred  Years,  as 
Bifhop  L£#*r  himfclf  afTerts  out  of  Bede(p},  and  Ber- 
nard in  his  Life  of  Malachi.  And  if  their  Cathe- 
dral Churches  were  fo  mean,  their  Palaces  certain- 
ly were  but  anfwerable,  poor  little  Cottages,  and 
their  Revenues  little  or  nothing  but  the  People's 
Alms.  St.  jfugttftme9  that  renowned  Bifhop  of 
Hippo^  had  but  a  mean  Houfe  to  live  in,  his  Difhes 
and  Trenchers  were  all  Earthen,  Stone,  or  Wood; 
his  Table  furnifhed  with  Pulfe,  Herbs,  and  a  little 
Pottage  only,  forthemofi:  part,  fcldom  with  Flefh  ; 
he  had  no  Plate  but  five  or  fix  Spoons  ;  and  when 
he  died  he  made  no  Will  at  all,  becaufe  the  poor 
Saint  of  Chrift  had  nothing  to  bequeath,  as  Poji- 
ilcnius  records  in  his  Life  (q}.  St.  Chnfoflom^  the 
VOL.  XVIII.  A  a  great 

(«)  Fox'i  Afit  and  Monumentt,  Vol.  II.  p.  609  and  6io. 
(»)  Cratian.  D,fl.  4.1. 

(0)  Spe/manni  Coact/ia,  Tom.  I.  p.  aOr  tt  463. 
(p]  Eulef.  11$.  lib.  HJ.  cap.  iv,  v,    DC  BrituanU*  E<t!tfi<f  ?rt- 
tocrdiis,  cap.  iv.  p.  661,  736,  737,  13,  14. 


cfhe  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

great  famous  Patriarch   of   Conftantinople  (r),  and 
Gregory  Nanzianzen,\\isPreCece([or(s},  had  noftate- 
ty  Palace,  Furniture,  Houfhold-Stuff,  or  Train  of 
Attendants,  nor  any  Goods  or   Revenues   at  all  ; 
nor  John  the  Almoner  thai  fucceeded  them  ;    nor 
that  famous  Spiridun,  who  kept  a  Flock  as  a  mean 
Shepherd,  though  a  Bimop  :  And  eminent  St.  Hie- 
rom^  though  no  BiChop,  yet  the  learnedeft  and  moft 
famous   Scholar  in  his  Age,  or  any  after,  and  of 
great  Repute,  writes  of  himfelf  (/),  that  he  lived  In 
pauperl  Tugur'iolo^  in  a  poor  little  Cottage  having 
Icarce  Cloaths  to  cover  his  Nackednefs  :     So  St. 
Ambrofe,  Biihop  of  Milan?  was  very  poor  ;    brake 
the  Chalices  in  Pieces  to  relieve  the  poor  People, 
and  ufed  this  Maxiir.,  GLjrisfa  in  Sacer'dotibus  Do- 
mini Paupertas  («).     And  if  chefe  great  Lights,  Bi- 
fhops  and  Fathers  of  the  Church,  in  whofe  Names 
our  Prelates  fo  much  triumph,  were  fo  poor,  that 
they  had  no  Palaces,  Houfes,  and  Temporal  Pof- 
feffions,  as  our  Arc'hbifhops  and  Bifhops  had,  I  can 
yet  tlifcern  no  Matter  of  Conference  in  it,  why  our 
Bjftiops  fhould  have  more  than  thefe  Pillars  of  the 
Church  either  enjoyed  or  deiired  j  they  being  con- 
tent with  Food  and  Raiment,  as  Paul  was,  and 
defiring  no  more.     It  is  ftoried  of  our  ancienteft 
Bifnops  that  I  read  of  (#),  prefent  at  the  Council 
of  Arimlnum,  Ann.  Dom.  379,  that  they  were  fo 
poor   that,    Inopia  proprii,  publico    ufi  funt,    they 
were  maintained  at  the  Emperor's  public  Ccft,  for 
Want  of  private  Maintenance  of  their  own  ;  yet 
they  were  eminent  both  for  Piety  and  Learning. 
And  if  their  Predeceilbrs  were  anciently  fo  poor,  it 
is  no  Point  of  Conscience  to  deprive  our  Lord  Bi- 
fliops  not  only  of  their  Lands  but  Function  too,  for 
the  Peace  and  Settlement  of  three  Kingdoms,  now 

at 


(r]  See  his  Life  before  his  Works,  tl:n.  xxxiii,  on  Matt,  xxi,  on 
I  C:r.    ' 

(s)   NaKianyrni  Orat.  3  15.    Kicfpt-ari  Ecelef.  Hift.  lib.  viii.  cap.  4Z. 
lib.  xviii.cap.  39.     Socratis  Ecc'uf.  fti/i.  lib.  i.  cap.  12. 

(0  Epift.  i. 

(u)  Mr.  Wbtteuball,  p.  44,  45,  46. 

(*)  Sulpitii  Severi  Saer.  IJijl.  lib.  ii.    'U/eiiut  de  Brit.  Ecclej. 
PrimirditS)  p.  196, 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  37i 

at  the  Point  of  Ruin.  When  the  Church  of  Chrift  An.  24  Car.  *• 
was  miferably  rent  and  torn  in  Africa  by  the  l648'  t 
fchifmatical  Donatifts,  who  would  have  no  Pre-  December 
lates  and  Riihops,  that  eminent  Bifhop  of  Hippo, 
St.  Aii*uftine,  and  almoft  300  African  Bifhops 
more,  were  content  to  lay  down  their  Bifhopricks 
wholly  for  thut  Church's  Peace ;  and  thereupon 
St.  Au?uftine  uttered  thefe  memorable  Words  (y}9 
(which  I  heartily  wiih  all  our  Bifhops  would  con- 
fider,  and  then  they  would  lay  down  both  their 
Lands  and  Biftiopricks  too  for  our  three  King- 
doms prefent  Peace)  An  vero  Rcdemptor  noftcr,  c3Y. 
JPliat,  verily i  did  our  Redeemer  defccnd  from  Heaven 
it f elf  i;-to  human  Members,  that  we  fnould  be  modi 
his  Members,  and  do  we  fear  to  defcend  out  of  our 
Chairs,  left  his  very  Members  fauld  t>2  torn  in 
Pieces  with  cruel  Divijions  ?  We  are  ordained  Bi- 
Jhops  for  Chriftian  People ;  that,  therefore,  which 
profiteth  Chrijfian  People  to  Chrijlian  Peace,  that 
let  us  do  concerning  our  Epifcopacy.  Wont  I  am,  / 
am  for  ihee,  if  it  profit  thee ;  I  am  not,  if  it  hurt 
thee.  If  we  be  profitable  Servants,  why  d'j  we  envy 
the  eternal  Gains  of  our  I  or d  for  our  temporal  Subli- 
mities ?  Our  Epifcopal  Dignity  will  be  more  fruitful 
to  us,  if,  being  laid  down,  it  fiall  more  unite  the 
Flock  of  Chrijl,  than  if  it  Jhall  difperfe  it,  being  re- 
tained. If  when  I  Jball  retain  tny  Biftioprick,  I 
Jhall  difperfe  the  Flock  of  Chrijt,  how  is  this  Da- 
mage of  the  Flock  the  Honour  of  the  Pajlor  ?  For 
with  what  Forehead  Jhall  we  hope  for  the  Honour 
prcmifedfrom  Chrijl  in  the  I'/orld  to  come,  if  our  Ho- 
nour in  this  World  hinder  Chrijlian  Unity  ?  They 
had  no  Bifhops  Lands  then  to  part  with  ;  but  yet, 
for  Peace  and  Unity's  Sake,  they  were  thus  con- 
tent to  part  with  their  very  Biftiopdoms  them- 
felves.  And  will  not  the  King  then,  in  point  of 
Confcience,  part  \vith  th'e  Bifhops  Lands  for  our  . 
prefent  Peace,  when  he  fhall  know,  or  be  truly  in- 
formed of  all  this  ? 

\thly,  c  For  the  Judgment  of  Divines  ;    I  could 
produce  divers  againit  the  great  Poflellions  of  Bi- 
A  a  2  ihopi 

deGtflii  D;nst.  torn.  VII.  part  I.  p.  771. 


372  The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 

An.  24  Car.  I-fhops  in  all  Ages,  as  making  them  fecular,  proud, 
'648-         vicious,    tazy,    which   I   hr.ve   formerly   publifhed 
December       at  'arge  (z')  5    but  I   ^a^  onty  at   Pr-fent   inform 
you,  th 't   our   famous    John   Wiekliffk   profeffedly 
maintained  (a]  That  the  King  and  Temporal  Lords 
griev-yjfly  iinned,  in  endowing   the  Bifhops  with 
large    temporal    Pofieflions,     which    had    reverfed 
Chrift's   Ordinances,    an;l   procreated   Antichrift ; 
and  that  they  were  bound  in  Confcien>:e   to  take 
away  their  Lands  and   Temporalities    from   them, 
which  they  had  abufed   to  Pride,  Ambition,  Dif- 
cord,    fcfr.       His    Difciples,    our  noble  Martyrs, 
JVilliam  Sivinderby,    "John  Purvey,    Sir  John   Old- 
cajlle  ;    and,  after  them,  Pierce  Plowman,  Geoffrey 
Chaucer,  Mr.  Tmdall,  Dr.  Barnes,  John  Frith,  Sir 
'Jchn  Borthwick,  a  Martyr,  and  Author  of  A  Sup- 
plication to   King  Henry  VIII.  the  Author  of  The 
Image  of  a  very  Chriftian   Bijhop,  and  a  counterfeit 
Bijhop  ;    William  Wraugbton,  in  his  Hunting  of  the 
Romifli  Fox  ;  Mr.  Fifh,  in  his  Supplication  of  Beg" 
gars  ;  Henry  Stalbridge,  in  his  Exhortatory  Epiftle  ; 
and  others  were  of  the  like  Judgment ;  and  Rode- 
rick Morfe,  in  his  Supplication  to  the  Parliament,  in 
Henry  V  Ill's  Reign,  to  omit  Penry  and  others,  in 
Queen  Elizabeth's  Reign.     And   why  there  fhould 
be  more  Sacrilege  in   taking  away  Bifhops  Lands 
in  England  than  in   Scotland,  or  Abby  Lands  here- 
tofore from  Abbits  and  Priories,  I  cannot  yet  dif- 
cern.     All  which  confidered,  I  hope  his  Majefty's 
Confcience  may  and  will  be  rectified  in  this  Parti- 
cular, before  the  Treaty  be  abfolutely  confirmed 
by  A£ts  of  Parliament,  fo  as  this  of  Bifhops  Lands 
fhall  make  no  Breach  between  us  ;    in  clearing  of 
which  I  have  been  the  more  prolix,  becaufe  it  is 
moft  infifted  on  of  any  Thing,  in  point  of  Difla- 
tisfa&irn,  both  by  the  King  and  us. 

The  King's  <  As  for  all  our  other  Proportions,  relating  to 

the^PeaoTand1  tne  Peace  and  Settlement  of  the  Church,  the  King 
Settlement  of  hath  fully  afi'cnted  to  them  in  Terminis  j  as,  name- 
the  Church.  ]„ 

(x^  In  my  Brcviate  of  the  Prelates  Ufurpation,  Epiftie  dedicatory 
and  .Appends.  The  Antipathy  of  Englifh  Prelacy,  Fart  II. 

(a.  Dialog,  lib.  iv.  cap.  15,  ,6,  7,  18,  26,  27.  Walfirglam.^.^^ 
302  to  307.  Ftxi  dfisand  Monuments,  p.  398, 414,  431,  434. 


of   E  N  G  L  A  N  D.  373 

ly,  to  the   Bill  For  the  better  Advancement  of  the  An.  24  Car.  I. 
preaching  of  God's  IVord^  and  fettling  godly  Mini/1  ers         1648- 

in  all  Parts  of  the  Kingdom ;    to  the  Bill   againft  ' ""' 

"Pluralities  and  Nonrejidency ;  to  an  Act:  For  Confir- 
mation of  the  Calling  and  Settling  of  the  Afftmbly  of 
Divines  ;  to  an  A6b  For  the  Confirmation  of  the  Di- 
rettory,  and  abolijhing  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer 
throughout  the  Kingdom^  and  in  the  King's  own 
Chapel  too,  yielded  unto  in  the  King's  final  An- 
fwer, though  formerly  ftuck  upon  ;  to  an  A£l  For 
taking  the  Covenant  throughout  the  Realm  ;  only  the 
King  flicks  at  it,  as  yet  unfatisfied  in  Conference 
as  to  the  taking  of  it  himfelf  without  fome  Qua- 
lifications in  it,  which  a  Committee  were  appointed 
to  confider  of,  but  have  not  yet  reported  ought  to 
the  Houfe.  Befides,  he  hath  approved  the  Leffer 
Catechifm  as  far  as  you  defired,  who  reft  fatisfied 
with  his  Anfwer  concerning  it :  And  as  for  the 
Prefbyterian  Government,  he  hath  abfolute!y  con- 
fented  to  fettle  it  for  three  Years. 

'  But  it  hath  been  much  infifted  on  by  many, 
That  the  King's  Grant  of  the  Prefbyterian  Go- 
vernment is  nowife  fat  is  factory,  becaufe  only  for 
three  Years  ;  and  therefore  they  will  break  off\the 
Treaty  for  this  Reafon,  and  vote  the  King's  An- 
fwers  upon  the  whole  unfatisfactory,  becaufe  too 
fhort  in  this  Particular  : 

'  To  which  I  anfwer,  i/?,  That  the  King,  in 
Terminis,  hath  granted  as  much  as  we  defired.  We 
defired  its  Settlement  but  for  three  Years  j  and 
many,  who  moft  pretend  DifTatisfacYion  in  this 
Point  now,  did,  and  do  indeed,  defire  no  fettled 
Government  at  all,  no  not  for  three  Years  Space  : 
Therefore,  if  there  be  any  Default  in  this,  it  was 
in  the  Houfes  Propofition  only,  not  in  the  King's 
Anfwer ;  who  was  not  obliged  to  grant  us  in  this 
Particular,  or  any  other,  more  than  we  defired. 

idly,    4  After  the  three  Years  Expiration,    the 

Prefbyterian  Government  muft  remain  till  a  new 

be  agreed  upon  by  the   Confent  of  the    King  and 

both  Houfes,  upen  Conference  and  Advice   with 

A  a  3  the 


Tfje  Parliamentary  His  TORY 

the  Affembly  of  Divines  ;  or  that  further  eftablifti- 
ed,  if  found  beft  and  IIK  ft  fuitable,  in  the  Interim. 
December.  '  $o  as  now»  upon  all  the  Branches  of  this  Trea- 

ty, and  the  K'ng's  Anfvvers  thereunto,  I  conceive 
the  King's  Anfweis  to  be  completely  fatisfa&ory 
in  that  Senfe  I  h.;ve  ftaied  and  debated  the  Quef- 
tion,  as  well  for  the  Safety  and  Settlement  of  our 
Church  and  Religion  as  Kingdom,  though  the 
King's  Anfwers  come  not  fully  up  tp  the  Propofi- 
tions  in  fome  two  or  three  Particulars  only. 

*  It  is  ftoried  of  Alexander  the  Great  (*),  That 
one  demanding  of  him  to  give  him  a  Penny,  he  re- 
turned him  this  Anfwer,  That  It  was  too  little  for 
Alexander  to  give:  Whereupon  he  demanded  a 
Talent  of  him  ;  whereto  he  replied.  It  was  too 
much  for  a  Beggar  to  receive.  We  have  demand- 
ed of  the  King,  in  our  own  and  the  Kingdom's 
Behalf,  in  former  Treaties,  but  a  Penny  in  Com- 
parifon,  i;nd  then  the  King  refufed  to  grant  it, 
though  we  would  have  been  heartily  contented 
with  it,  or  lefs  ;  but  now  we  have,  in  this  Treaty, 
demanded  a  Talent,  and  the  King  hath  not  thought 
it  over-much  for  him  to  grant,  or  for  us  to  receive ; 
and  if  we  {hall  now  ungratefully  reject  it,  we 
know  not  why  ourfelves,  unlefs  it  be  that  God 
hath  infatuated  and  defigned  us  unto  fpeedy  Ruin 
for  our  Sins,  I  muft  needs  take  up  our  Saviour's 
Lamentation  over  dying  Jervfalem^  in  relation  un- 
to England  (b}^  Oh  that  tbou  kcdji  krc-ivn,  in  this 
thy  Day^  the  Things  that  belong  unto  thy  Peace  ;  but 
now  they  are  hid  from  thin*  Eyesd  And  I  pray  God 
they  be  net  io  tar  hid,  that  we  fhall  never  live  to 
fee  any  Peace  or  Settlement  at  all  in  Church  or 
State,  if  we  embrace  not  thcfe  Ccnceifions  now  j 
the  belt,  the  krgeft,  the  honouiabldt,  the  fafeft, 
and  n,e-ft  beneiteial,  that  ever  were  tendered  to 
any  -Ptople  by  a  King ;  which  if  we  now  reje6t,  we 
fiiali  never  have  the  Moiety  of  them  granted  to  us 
again,  no,  though  vs:>  feck  them  carefully  «;n7;>  Tears, 
as  Ejau  did  his  !  a  it  Biefiing,  when  he  had  over- 
flipc  his  Time  but  a  very  1; 

'Mr. 

(a)  Phitarcbi  dpoytkcgmata,  (b)  Luke  xix.  42. 


^ENGLAND.  375 

«  Mr.  Speaker,  For  my  Part,  I  value  no  Men's  bare  An,   24  Car.  l< 

Opinions  in  this  Debate,  but  their  Reafons  which  % l6-'8- 

intoice  them  ;  and,  if  I  h.v^  not  quite  left  my  December. 
Reafon  and  Senfes  too,  I  have  not  heard  one  folid 
Reafon  given  by  any  Gentleman  that  diflxrs  from 
me,  why  the  King's  Conctilions  upon  the  whole 
Treaty  ihould  be  thought  fo  unfatisfaclory  as  utterly 
to  reject  them,  and  proceed  no  further.  Moft  of 
the  Reafons  to  the  contrary  have  been  either  clear 
Miftakes,  both  of  the  Queftion  and  King's  An- 
fwers,  or  our  own  Proportions,  (and  Miftakes  are 
no  Reafons,  but  irrational)  or  a  Fear  in  fome Pur- 
chafers  of  Biihops  Lands  of  an  ill  Bargain,  which, 
I  prefume,  I  have  fully  fatisfied  ;  or,  that  which  is 
to  me  the  moft  unreafonable,  tho'  many  Gen.le-  ~,,  ~,.  „.  e 

,       ..    r         .         i      r>      /-  i        A  5     TNT  The  Obietlion  or 

men  s  chief  and  only  Reafon,  the  Army  s  Difcon-  the  .;.i 
tent  and  Diflatisfadtion,  in  cafe  we  vote  the  Treaty  c  ntert    if  the 
fatisfaaory;  to  which  I  fhall  give  this  Anfwer;       JJ»H>Tc«"- 
'  That  tho'   1  honour  the  Army  for  their  good  Atji0.-'$  a  fuffi- 
Services  heretofore  in   the  Field   and   War?,  and cienc  Gr°und  of 
fhould  as  readily  gratify  all  their  juft  Deim-,  as  Peace)  aniwercd> 
Soldiers,  as  any  Man  ;  yet  I  muft,  with  iiu 
dain  and  Cenfure,  look  upon  their  ma^iilerial  iLn- 
croacl^ments  upon  our  Councils,  and  Prefcrip;io-is 
to  us  what  to  vote  in  our  Debates,  or  elfe  tho       ,1 
be  incenfed,  as  the  higheft  Violation  to  the  Free- 
dom, Honour,  and   Privileges  of  Parliament,  not 
to  be  precedented  in  former  Times,  nor  new  to 
be  endured.      We  all  fit  here,  freely  to  fpeak  our 
own  Minds,  not  the  Army's  Pleafure  ;    to  follow 
our  own  Conferences  and  Judgments,  not  their  im- 
perious Dictates  ;  to  fatisfy  the  whole   Kingdom, 
and  thofe  who  have  intrufted  and  lent   us  hither, 
whofe  Reprefentatives  and   Servants   we  are,  not 
the  Army's,  by  pitching  upon  that  which  h  moft 
conducing  to  their  Welfare  and  cur  own  too;  not 
to  fitisfy  the  Army  in  sill  their  umeafonable  ex- 
travagant  Demands,    who   are  but   ours   and   the 
Kingdom's  Servants,  not  Mafters,    to   the   King- 
dom's, People's,  our  own  Ruin  and  the   Army's 
too  :    And  fo  much  the  rather,  becai  11-  I  have  ob- 
fervcd  a  dangerous  Practice  in  fome  Officers  and 
A  a  4  Members 


376 


The  Parliamentary  HISTORY 


An.  24  Car.  I.  Members  only  of  the  Army,  to  make  Ufe  of  the 
whole  Army's  Name,  without  their  Privity  or, 
December.  C.onfent,  forcibly  to  drive  on  their  own  private 
pernicious  Deftgns  in  the  Houfe,  and  to  fright  and 
cudgel  us  into  Votes  (z),  as  feme  fay  we  are  cud- 
gelled into  a  Treaty,  with  the  verj  Name  of  the 
Army,  without  any  Reafon  at  all ;  and  if  that  will 
not  do  the  Feat,  then  they  prefently  mutiny  and 
bring  up  the  Army  itfelf  to  or  near  the  Houfes 
Doors,  againft  us,  contrary  to  our  exprefs  Com- 
mands, as  heretofore  and  now  they  have  done,  to 
force  us  to  vote  againft  our  Judgments,  Confciences, 
Reafon,  and  the  Public  Safety,  whatever  they  (hall 
dictate,  be  it  never  fo  abfurd,  difhonourable  to 
ourfelves,  or  deftru&ive  to  the  Kingdom  ;  and  tho' 
the  Army,  and  thofe  who  ufurp  their  Name,  be 
not  prefent  at  our  Debates,  (as  they  feldom  are, 
though  fome  of  them  are